CN1871187A - multi-layer tile or brick - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-layer tile or brick consisting of at least three different layers, at least one of which comprises cementitious material mixed with fillers and/or granules.

Description

multi-layer tile or brick

related application

This application claims priority to Indian Patent Application No. 946/MUM/2003, filed September 11, 2003.

Background technique

The present invention relates to a multilayer tile or brick. More particularly, the present invention relates to a multilayer tile or brick having insulating properties.

current technology

Ceramic tiles and mosaics are well known for their use as heat protection. The disadvantage of this tile is that it is single layer and only reduces the temperature by about 3-5°C. One known double layer cement bonded tile is commonly used in the industry as a flooring material for terraces. There are other prefabricated bricks or tiles which have an outer surface composed of structural material for strength and which are internally filled with insulating materials such as fiberglass, mineral wool, etc. There are other materials such as foam, cork, wood chips or polyurethane foam that can be used as insulation.

These structures are expensive and require specialized knowledge to produce and install. The insulating material can be used as a flooring material for terraces or platforms, and can also be used as a general flooring material without reducing structural strength. The insulation materials currently used are porous and need to be placed inside the structure to prevent erosion or corrosion by wind and rain. Also, over a period of time, the pores or voids are filled so that the porosity decreases. The decrease in porosity increases the thermal conductivity of the material, which gradually decreases the insulating effect of the material. It is also possible that the performance degradation of the aforementioned materials can be attributed to climatic conditions. Furthermore, they are structurally weak.

Contents of the invention

The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages and provides a multi-layer tile or brick with better insulating properties without using the above-mentioned insulating materials.

The present invention relates to a multilayer tile or brick comprising at least three distinct layers, at least one of which contains cementitious material mixed with a filler and/or aggregate.

When the tiles or bricks are installed on the roof, wall or floor, the use of different layers can control the ambient temperature in the building. Thermal insulation capacity depends on the length of the path that heat can travel through the material. The difference in layers makes the heat transfer path longer. Therefore, a material with a controllable porosity morphology has a better thermal insulation effect than the same non-porous material. Multi-layer construction provides far better insulation than simply increasing the thickness of either layer in a double-layer shingle or increasing the thickness of a single layer of structural material.

The difference between the layers reduces or delays thermal radiation or heat transfer through the structural material. The invention has double functions, which can prevent the sun radiation from heating the building when the climate is hot, and prevent the heat in the building from escaping under the cold climate condition.

The above-mentioned differences in various levels can be achieved by changing the chemical composition of the material or the size grade of the particles and mixing different morphological materials.

The present invention incorporates traditional or known methods of producing tiles or bricks in which the individual layers are preformed and bonded by cement bonding or adhesives. Another conventional method is to compress the layers after they are formed by vibrating or using pressure. The above layers can be made of natural or synthetic polymers, which can also be used as binders, fillers and rheology modifiers and other additives, such as regulators, lubricants, adhesives, plasticizers, waterproofing Compounds, sugars and polymeric sugars, etc.

A preferred embodiment of the invention includes a three-ply tile.

More specifically, the first layer of the three-layer tile contains a material composed of hydraulic cement, white cement or gray cement, refractory cement, ceramic cement, natural or synthetic silicate, natural or synthetic phosphate, starch, gum, fiber cementitious mixture and a filler and/or aggregate (including natural mineral materials such as marble and calcite, dolomite, talc, mica, granite, chert, calcite, basalt, limestone, quartz, feldspar, gypsum, hyaline plaster and asbestos). Also includes other man-made materials such as broken and discarded ceramics, bauxite, steatite, aluminosilicates, magnesite, silicon carbides, magnesium compounds, zirconium compounds, roasted or burned clays, slaked lime, bauxite, organic or Inorganic polymeric materials, plaster of paris, ceramics such as vitrified and porous ceramic materials with typical ceramic components and their mixtures as well as wastes from ceramization processes. The second layer contains lime cement with sand and/or basalt/crushed rock particles. The third layer contains the same/similar components as the first layer.

The proportion of cement (cement binding) material is about 50%, preferably about 25-35%, of the total dry weight of all components (including the above-mentioned components).

Alternatively, the second layer contains ceramic material while the first and third layers contain cementitious material. Additionally, the first and third layers may contain ceramic materials, while the second layer contains cementitious materials.

In a further embodiment, the exposed surface of the tile or brick may be decorated with colorants and/or colored chips such as ground rock, glass chips, ceramic chips and other decorative polymers.

The invention can also be prepared in situ.

The invention will now be illustrated by the following examples. These examples do not limit the scope of the invention.

Any of the following tiles are used for the test:

1. The first layer consists of white cement and marble and dolomite as fillers/grains (aggregates) of different particle sizes. The second layer consists of gray cement with sand and crushed rock particles. The third layer consists of similar ingredients to the top layer.

2. The first layer is composed of ceramic tiles. The second layer consists of a cement mixture of the above materials. The third layer consists of ceramics.

3. The first layer consists of a decorative mosaic of ceramic, glass, stone and polymer combined materials, which are embedded in a cement-bonded mixture of white cement and white marble to form a decorative surface. The second layer consists of a cement mixture of gray cement and sand. The third layer consists of a cement mixture of white cement with powder and granules of marble and dolomite.

Another 20 mm thick single-ply tile consists of lime lime mixed with sand and crushed stone aggregates.

Both tiles are placed on an insulating foam sheet with slots for a thermometer located on the bottom of each tile. Said tiles are placed in direct sunlight from the morning when the radiation is not particularly strong. The temperature under both said tiles is about ambient temperature, ie about 30°C. The temperature at the bottom of the tiles starts to rise with increasing solar radiation intensity.

The reading was started when the peak ambient temperature was reached, i.e. 42°C. serial number details temperature °C 1. Bottom surface of grey/white cement tile 65/58 2. Bottom surface of tile of serial number 1 48 3. Bottom surface of tile of serial number 2 45 4. Bottom surface of tile of serial number 3 50

A similar test in cold climate conditions was performed by placing ice on top of the tiles. serial number details temperature °C 1. Bottom surface of grey/white cement tile 2 2. Bottom surface of tile of serial number 1 10 3. Bottom surface of tile of serial number 2 8 4. Bottom surface of tile of serial number 3 12

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements to the preferred embodiments described above are not to be excluded from the scope and spirit of the invention. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may operate other than as specifically described herein.

Advantages: The following are the advantages of the present invention over other known processes:

1. Its structure has better insulation properties;

2. This structure can be used in both summer and winter, i.e. hot/cold environment;

3. The price of this structure is affordable;

4. They are durable;

5. Their installation is simple.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of multilayer watt or brick, it is made of at least three different layers, and wherein at least one layer contains the cement material for mixing a kind of filler and/or pellet.

2. multilayer watt as described in claim 1 or brick, which is characterized in that the cement material is the mixture of water cement, refractory cement, ceramic cement, starch, natural gum, cellulose or the above ingredient.

3. multilayer watt as claimed in claim 2 or brick, which is characterized in that the water cement is the mixture of white cement or ash concrete or both.

4. multilayer watt as described in claim 1 or brick, which is characterized in that the ratio that the cement material accounts for the gross dry weight amount of whole components is up to 50%.

5. multilayer watt as described in claim 1 or brick, which is characterized in that the ratio that the cement material accounts for the gross dry weight amount of whole components is 25-35%.

6. multilayer watt as described in claim 1 or brick, which is characterized in that the filler and/or pellet are the composition of natural minerals or artificial material or both.

7. multilayer watt as claimed in claim 6 or brick, it is characterized in that, the natural minerals are the mixture of marble, calcite, dolomite, talcum, mica, granite, silicalite, calcic stone, basalt, limestone, quartz, feldspar, gypsum, selenite and asbestos and any of the above component.

8. multilayer watt as claimed in claim 6 or brick, it is characterized in that, the artificial material is the waste or their mixture of the vitrifying and porous ceramic materials and its mixture and Ceramic manufacturing of ceramics, alumina, steatite, alumino-silicate, magnesite, silicon carbide, magnesium compound, zirconium compounds, roasting or the clay of burning, white lime, bauxite, the polymeric material of organic or inorganic, the plaster of paris, ceramics of smashing waste such as with typical ceramic composition.

9. multilayer watt as described in claim 1 or brick, which is characterized in that wherein at least one layer is ceramics.

10. multilayer watt according to claim 1 or brick, which is characterized in that watt exposed surface be it is decorative.

11. herein with reference to the multilayer watt or brick of above example description.