A kind of method of high efficiency separation of puerarin and device
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of isolation and purification method and device of material, particularly effective ingredient crystallization purifying method and device in the kind of plant crude extract exactly are a kind of method and device of high efficiency separation of puerarin.
Two, background technology
Solution crystallization has important effect in the separating substances purge process; along with industrial expansion, efficient Crystallization Separation technology in the application in fields such as oil, chemical industry, biotechnology and environmental conservation more and more widely; the research of industrial crystallization technology and correlation theory also is pushed to the new stage, and the novel crystallization technology has obtained bigger progress both at home and abroad.
Crystallization is an important chemical process, and solute crystallizes out from solution and will experience two steps: nucleus generates and crystal growth.It is the nucleus that generates some in supersaturated solution that nucleus generates; And on the basis of nucleus, grow into crystal, then be crystal growth.The factor that influences whole crystallization process is a lot, as the speed of the existence of the degree of supersaturation of solution, impurity, stirring and various physical fields etc.In industrial crystallization, pursuing high crystal growth rate is in order to improve the production capacity of equipment, but in fact rate of crystalline growth is subjected to the restriction of problems such as desired specific product quality usually, do not allow to adopt the raising degree of supersaturation to improve growth rate, to under suitable degree of supersaturation, seek additive method and remove to promote crystal growing process.Crystalization in supercritical fluid separation method for example, Pan sees that professor waits the terpene lactones that once utilized supercritical fluid extraction Crystallization Separation method systematic study, supercritical fluid extraction Crystallization Separation method as bilobalide, andrographolide, and applied for national inventing patent (patent No.: ZL98 1 11546.2), (Pan sees also deeply systematically to have inquired into its mechanism of action, Zhang Wencheng, Xie Huiming etc. andrographolide is at supercritical CO
2Crystalline formation and growth [J] in the extraction. electron microscopic journal, 2003,22 (5): 377-379).
Because of micromolecule such as terpene lactones, anthraquinone class, low polar compound at supercritical CO
2In have certain dissolubility, relatively be fit to supercritical fluid extraction or extractive crystallization, and the chemical compound higher for molecular weight, that polarity is stronger, extract or extractive crystallization separates as this methods of very difficult employing such as flavonoid glycoside, Saponin classes.
Radix Puerariae has been prevented and cured diseases the existing long history of Herba indigoferae Pseudotinctoriae in the proved recipe as Chinese herbal medicine.Puerarin (the C that 80% (HPLC method) of present listing is above
20H
21O
9) product, its preparation technology mainly be with reference to Japanese bavin field hold two and side departure (the bavin field is held second-class: the chemical research of the research of oriental drug composition (the 1st newspaper) Radix Puerariae composition, pharmaceutical journal, 1959,79:755; Fang Qicheng etc.: the research of Radix Puerariae flavone, Chinese Medical Journal 1974, method 54:271) promptly uses ethanol extract with n-butyl alcohol-water liquid-liquid extraction, aluminium oxide decolouring, glacial acetic acid crystallization.The organic solvent that this technology is inflammable because of a large amount of uses, toxicity is big, the environmental pollution of production and the infringement of workers ' health have been caused, and cost height, production cycle is long, content of puerarin is low in the product, it is clean that the acetic acid that uses in the crystallization process is difficult to volatilization, makes that the impure height of its extract, solvent contamination are serious, poor stability, drug effect be low.
The extracting method of total flavones in the Radix Puerariae has been introduced in patent application 91110602.2 " kudzu vine root extract and preparation method and purposes ", and its purpose is to people provide a kind of medicine that can be used as anti-cancer, but products obtained therefrom purity is lower.
At present the preparation high purity puerarin mostly adopts macroporous resin adsorption to separate and organic solvent recrystallization or preparative hplc separation method, and its length consuming time, yield are low.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the existing experimentation for preparing the existing defective of method of high purity puerarin and carry out, be intended to simplify technology, raise the efficiency, provide a kind of for industrialized isolation and purification method.Technical problem to be solved is in specific device puerarin solution to be carried out Crystallization Separation with supercritical fluid.
The essence of the method for the high efficiency separation of puerarin that the present invention is alleged is the method that is prepared high purity puerarin by the puerarin crude extract, and this method is separated through primary crystallization, and puerarin content can be brought up to more than 80%.
The crystallization principle that technical scheme of the present invention is separated out according to solvent evaporates, solute at first is prepared into puerarin solution with the puerarin crude extract, in crystallization kettle this puerarin solution is carried out Crystallization Separation, it is characterized in that: adopt supercritical CO
2Fluid is just used supercritical CO as reverse extractive crystallization solvent
2Fluid extraction is also flung to solvent composition in the puerarin solution, and puerarin crystallization in solution is separated out.
Solvent should select it at supercritical CO
2Partition coefficient in the fluid is greater than the solvent of the partition coefficient of puerarin.Different solvents has different extracting pressure and temperature.Preferred puerarin ethanol water, 50~70 ℃ of extracting pressure 10~30MPa, extraction temperature are that 50~90% alcoholic solution is good as solvent with concentration.Experiment showed, that concentration of ethanol is that concentration expressed in percentage by weight or concentration expressed in percentage by volume influence are little, the size of puerarin concentration only influences the isolating time of extractive crystallization, has nothing to do with extracting pressure, temperature.
The device that this method is used comprises crystallization kettle 5, separating still 6, filter 7, compressor 8, heat exchanger 9 and CO
2Gas cylinder 10.This device is quite similar with supercritical fluid extraction equipment, be not both in the crystallization kettle 5 (extraction kettle that is equivalent to supercritical fluid extraction equipment) and be provided with crystallizer, crystallizer is used for adsorbing the puerarin crystal of separating out.Crystallizer is made up of the cylinder of two almost coaxials at least, and wherein the upper/lower terminal of urceolus 1 and still inner wall sealing are isolated still inwall and puerarin solution; The lower end of urceolus 1 and inner core 2 respectively is provided with annular plate washer 3, and annular plate washer 3 presss from both sides a sharp angle with barrel.Plate washer 3 is used for collecting the puerarin crystal that comes off on the barrel, and the fluidic effect of disturbance is arranged simultaneously.
For further disturbance fluid improves Crystallization Separation efficient, also disturbance ball 4 can be set at the entrance point of inner core 2.
The puerarin extractum of purity about 40% is mixed with puerarin solution with 50~90% ethanol, drops in the crystallization kettle, give heat and heat up, open CO
2Gas cylinder, 10~30MPa and 50~70 ℃ in the crystallization control still are closed gas cylinder, open pressure regulator valve, circulation Crystallization Separation 30min~100min.Puerarin is precipitating on crystallizer, and the second alcohol and water is recovered in separating still, crystallization once, drying can not obtain the puerarin product of purity more than 80%.
The present invention's supercritical CO
2It is obvious that the method that the crystallization of reverse extractant puerarin is separated out is separated with traditional macroporous resin adsorption, the solvent recrystallization method is compared advantage.Under the uniform temp condition, the separation and purification time of the inventive method is short, separation efficiency is high.The purity of the target product that primary crystallization precipitating of the present invention obtains is higher, is fit to the high efficiency separation purification of flavonoid glycoside, Saponin class material.This law technology is simple, need not complicated power consumption, technologies consuming time such as column chromatography.Its yield is also than the traditional handicraft height simultaneously, and 40% raw material is through primary crystallization, and puerarin purity surpasses 80%, and percent crystallization in massecuite 〉=35% is fit to produce in batches.
The crystalline rate of puerarin (%)=[quality of crystallized product (g) * content (%)] ÷ [applied sample amount (g) * content (%)] * 100%
Four, description of drawings
The process chart of this separation of Fig. 1 method
5 crystallization kettles, 6 separating still 7CO
2Gas cylinder 8 filters 9 compressors 10 heat exchangers
The cross-sectional view of Fig. 2 crystallizer
The outlet of 1 urceolus, 2 inner cores, 3 plate washers, 4 disturbance balls, 11 crystallization kettle imports, 12 crystallization kettles.
Five, the specific embodiment
(1), the method embodiment of high efficiency separation purified puerarin by utilizing is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
(1), to get 40% left and right sides puerarin crude product some, by the liquid-solid ratio ethanol of 5: 1 (v/m): water (90%: 10%) mixed solvent dissolves in 45 ℃ of water-baths;
(2), the puerarin mixed liquor of ethanol+water of preparing is positioned in the crystallization kettle, crystallization control pressure is 10MPa, and temperature is 70 ℃;
(3), through the 90min time, crystallization once, crystallized product;
(4), detect, can obtain 81.5% left and right sides puerarin, percent crystallization in massecuite is 37.0% through high performance liquid chromatography.
Embodiment 2:
(1), to get 40% left and right sides puerarin crude product some, by the liquid-solid ratio ethanol of 8: 1 (v/m): water (80%: 20%) mixed solvent dissolves in 45 ℃ of water-baths;
(2), the puerarin mixed liquor of ethanol+water of preparing is positioned in the crystallization kettle, crystallization control pressure is 15MPa, and temperature is 60 ℃;
(3), through the 90min time, crystallization once, crystallized product;
(4), detect, can obtain 82.7% right puerarin, percent crystallization in massecuite is 36.6% through high performance liquid chromatography.
Embodiment 3:
(1), to get 40% left and right sides puerarin crude product some, by the liquid-solid ratio ethanol of 10: 1 (v/m): water (90%: 10%) mixed solvent dissolves in 45 ℃ of water-baths;
(2), the puerarin mixed liquor of ethanol+water of preparing is positioned in the crystallization kettle, crystallization control pressure is 20MPa, and temperature is 55 ℃;
(3), through the 75min time, crystallization once, crystallized product;
(4), detect, can obtain 83.7% right puerarin, percent crystallization in massecuite is 37.5% through high performance liquid chromatography.
Embodiment 4:
(1), to get 40% left and right sides puerarin crude product some, by the liquid-solid ratio ethanol of 8: 1 (v/m): water (70%: 30%) mixed solvent dissolves in 45 ℃ of water-baths;
(2), the puerarin mixed liquor of ethanol+water of preparing is positioned in the crystallization kettle, crystallization control pressure is 25MPa, and temperature is 60 ℃;
(3), through the 45min time, crystallization once, crystallized product;
(4), detect, can obtain 82.2% right puerarin, percent crystallization in massecuite is 36.9% through high performance liquid chromatography.
Embodiment 5:
(1), to get 40% left and right sides puerarin crude product some, by the liquid-solid ratio ethanol of 5: 1 (v/m): water (50%: 50%) mixed solvent dissolves in 45 ℃ of water-baths;
(2), the puerarin mixed liquor of ethanol+water of preparing is positioned in the crystallization kettle, crystallization control pressure is 15MPa, and temperature is 65 ℃;
(3), through the 90min time, crystallization once, crystallized product;
(4), detect, can obtain 81.3% right puerarin, percent crystallization in massecuite is 36.3% through high performance liquid chromatography.
Embodiment 6:
(1), to get 40% left and right sides puerarin crude product some, by the liquid-solid ratio ethanol of 10: 1 (v/m): water (90%: 20%) mixed solvent dissolves in 45 ℃ of water-baths;
(2), the puerarin mixed liquor of ethanol+water of preparing is positioned in the crystallization kettle, crystallization control pressure is 10MPa, and temperature is 70 ℃;
(3), through the 90min time, crystallization once, crystallized product;
(4), detect, can obtain 80.3% right puerarin, percent crystallization in massecuite is 35.1% through high performance liquid chromatography.
(2) crystallizer
Get rustless steel processing urceolus 1, inner core 2 and annular plate washer 3.
The upper/lower terminal of urceolus 1 plays fixation simultaneously with politef and crystallization kettle inner wall sealing.Inner core 2 coaxial being fixed in the urceolus 1.
At the annular plate washer 3 of the inboard welding of urceolus 1 lower end barrel, make and barrel folder-sharp angle.
Weld annular plate washer 3 in both sides inside and outside the inner core 2 lower end barrels, make with barrel inside and outside both sides all accompany sharp angle.
Suspend a disturbance ball 4 in midair in inner core 2 lower ends with stainless steel silk on axial location, disturbance ball 4 is hollow stainless steel ball.