CN1865613B - A hydraulic automatic control initial rainwater abandonment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic self-control initial rain diversion method and device, which is mainly used in environment protection. Wherein, the initial rain enters into the timing water room and main water room synchronously; the timing water room utilizes the hydraulic theory to hydraulically time and utilizes the lifting and falling of two floats and the tension of different lines to release the preset delay automatic discharge to recover to the condition before raining; then enters into next cycle. The invention has simple structure and easy maintenance.

Description

A hydraulic automatic control initial rainwater abandonment device

technical field

The utility model relates to a hydraulic automatic control initial rainwater abandonment device, which relates to an initial rainwater automatic abandonment device and belongs to the field of rainwater collection and utilization in municipal drainage or environmental protection.

Background technique

The collection and utilization of rainwater has been carried out for many years in foreign countries. Some cities with serious water shortages in my country have also carried out research work in this area, such as Beijing and Qingdao. Because the atmosphere contains a large amount of pollutants, and the ground, roads, and roofs that generate rainwater runoff also contain various pollutants, according to research at home and abroad, the runoff formed at the beginning of rainfall contains a large amount of pollutants, and its water quality is relatively poor. , often do not meet the requirements of rainwater collection and utilization; or make the follow-up treatment process complicated, which does not meet the requirements of simple rainwater treatment process and easy maintenance and management. Therefore, when rainwater is used, it is generally inclined to discard the initial rainwater. The initial rainwater abandonment often involves two problems: the scale of the abandonment pond and the operation mode: first, if the rainwater collection area is wider, the abandonment flow will be correspondingly larger, and the volume of the abandonment pond will be larger; second, due to the randomness of rainfall , There are certain difficulties in the emptying of the waste flow pool, especially in places where personnel are inconvenient to reach. At present, Che Wu et al. of Beijing Institute of Architecture and Engineering have researched and invented an initial rainwater abandonment device and method with diversion function (divided rainwater automatic abandonment method and device, ZL patent number 02155637.7). The diversion chamber with a fraction or even a few tenths of the total volume of rainwater solves the problem of the large volume of the abandonment pond. This kind of diversion chamber does reduce the scale of the initial rainwater disposal pond, and achieves automatic diversion of the initial rainwater (a part of the collection In the abandonment pond, a part is directly discharged), and then the initial rainwater collected in the abandonment pond is discharged. However, this invention still relies on manual operation in the operation of the waste flow pool, and the rainwater accumulated in the waste flow chamber after each rainfall needs to be manually emptied before it can be collected as the initial rainwater waste flow for the next rainwater utilization. Therefore, in places that are inconvenient for personnel to reach, such as rainwater collection and utilization of expressway drainage ditches, or rainwater collection and utilization facilities that cannot be managed by special personnel, it is still impossible to carry out initial rainwater abandonment.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for automatic initial rainwater abandonment, which can be carried out in places that are inconvenient for personnel to reach, and has low operation and management costs.

Another object of the present invention is to design a device for automatic discarding of initial rainwater with simple and reliable structure and low manufacturing and operating costs.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention applies the simple principle of hydraulic machinery in practice. After the initial rainwater abandonment is completed, it can automatically prepare for the initial rainwater abandonment for the next rainwater collection, so that the rainwater can be automatically abandoned during the rainfall process. The heavily polluted initial rainwater is directly used, and the rainwater that can be directly applied in the middle and late stages is collected and utilized. Compared with the existing rainwater that can be collected in the next rainwater by manually discharging and emptying the rainwater in the waste flow device after each rainfall, it has the advantages of no manual work and a high degree of automation. The specific process is as follows:

Including the determination and construction of the initial rainwater abandonment flow and the scale of the abandonment device: according to the analysis of the local rainwater quality and rainfall statistics, the initial rainwater abandonment flow is selected, and then the scale of the abandonment device is determined according to the initial rainwater abandonment flow. And construct the waste flow device;

Its characteristics are: the initial rainwater adopts automatic abandonment: according to the analysis of local rainfall data for many years, the interval between two rainfalls is selected, the total time required for the collection and discharge of the abandonment device is determined, and the abandonment device The process of emptying and restoring the original state is designed to be carried out automatically, so as to achieve the purpose of automatically preparing the initial rainwater abandonment for the next rainwater collection after the initial rainwater abandonment is completed.

The device for realizing hydraulic self-control initial rainwater abandonment is characterized in that the device includes a timing water collection chamber and a main water collection chamber. A magnet is fixed on the top plate in the timing water collecting chamber, and the bottom plate is opened with a timing discharge pipe. The inner diameter of the timing discharge pipe is calculated and determined by hydraulic principles, satisfying that the rainwater time collected in the emptying timing water collection chamber is equal to the time interval between two rainfalls. The top port of the timing discharge pipe is provided with a timing discharge cover, which is connected to the timing buoy by a timing discharge control rope, and its length is equal to the distance from the magnet to the fully opened timing discharge cover. The suction force of the magnet is greater than the weight of the timing buoy plus the timing discharge cover, so that when the water level in the timing water collection chamber rises to the point where the magnet can hold the timing buoy, the timing discharge cover is opened to realize the purpose of automatically discarding the flow. The lower part of the timing water collection chamber is also provided with a control buoy whose weight is greater than the suction force of the magnet to the timing buoy. The top of the control buoy is provided with two ropes, one is a connecting rope connected with the timing buoy, and its length is sufficient to pull the timing buoy away from the magnet when the control buoy falls back to the bottom plate of the timing water collection chamber. The other is the main discharge control rope. The main discharge control rope is connected with the main discharge cover provided on the main discharge pipe port of the main water collection chamber bottom plate through a pulley. Fully open the main discharge cover to realize the purpose of automatic discharge of the main water collection chamber. The pulley is mounted on top of the partition wall between the timing sump and the main sump. The partition wall is lower than the bottom position of the timing float after being sucked firmly by the magnet. A screen is arranged above the timing water collection chamber, and its aperture is smaller than the inner diameter of the timing discharge pipe.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. Because the automatic abandonment of the present invention is based on the analysis of the water quality and the rainfall statistics of many rainfalls in the local area, the initial rainwater abandonment flow is selected, so the heavily polluted initial rainwater that can not be directly used in the rainfall process can be automatically abandoned. Rainwater collection and utilization that can be directly applied in the middle and late stages.

2. Since the automatic abandonment of the present invention is based on the interval between two local rainfalls for many years, the total time required to complete the collection and discharge is determined, and the emptying and restoration of the abandonment device are designed to be able to automatically Therefore, the operation of the method of the present invention does not rely on manual operation, and after the initial rainwater abandonment is completed, it is automatically ready for the next initial rainwater abandonment.

3. Since a magnet and two buoys are provided in the timing water collection chamber of the device of the present invention, the buoys are connected to the two cover plates in the two water collection chambers by three ropes with set lengths, and the inner diameter of the discharge pipe is calculated reasonably , realize the timing function, and make the initial rainwater abandonment flow automatic.

4. Since a screen with a mesh diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the timing discharge pipe is arranged above the timing water collection chamber of the device of the present invention, the normal operation of the timing discharge pipe can be guaranteed.

5. Since a sieve is set above the timing water collection chamber of the device of the present invention and extends to the top of the main water collection chamber, during the automatic flow abandonment process, the particulate pollutants intercepted on the screen above the timing water collection chamber are in the rainwater When the runoff is relatively large, it will be automatically flushed into the main water collection chamber to ensure that such particulate matter can be eliminated through automatic discarding.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the initial stage rainwater abandonment flow device of hydraulic self-control of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the vacant state figure of device of the present invention before rainfall

Fig. 3 is when the control buoy in the device of the present invention rises to I-I, the state figure that both cover plates are all closed

Figure 4 is a momentary state diagram of the opening of the timing discharge cover after the timing buoy is attracted by the magnet

Figure 5 is a diagram of the discharge state when the water level in the timing water collection chamber drops and the main water collection chamber is fully loaded

Figure 6 is a diagram of the discharge state of the main water collection chamber when the control buoy is lowered below the position I-I

Labels in the figure:

1-rainwater inlet pipe, 2-useable rainwater collection pipe, 3-discarded rainwater inlet pipe, 4-screen, 5-fixed pulley, 6-main discharge control rope, 7-timing buoy, 8-control buoy, 9 -horizontal limit rope, 10-main discharge cover, 11-main water collection chamber, 12-main discharge pipe, 13-longitudinal limit rope, 14-timing discharge pipe, 15-timing discharge cover, 16-timing discharge Control rope, 17-connection rope, 18-timing water collection chamber, 19-magnet.

Detailed ways

The initial stage rainwater of the present invention abandons the flow implementation process automatically and is:

(1) Reasonably select the initial rainwater volume (generally expressed in mm) based on the analysis of the rainwater quality and rainfall in the area, and then combine the rainwater collection area in the actual project to determine the initial rainwater volume, that is, the initial rainwater abandonment flow , so as to determine the scale of the entire automatic flow discarding device.

(2) According to the analysis of local multi-year rainfall data, the interval time T ₁ between two rainfall events is selected, and the total time T ₂ required for the waste flow device to complete collection and discharge is determined. T ₂ should be equal to or slightly less than T ₁ . Then, the emptying and restoration process of the abandonment device is designed to be carried out automatically, so as to achieve the purpose of automatically preparing the initial rainwater abandonment for the next rainwater collection after the initial rainwater abandonment is completed.

The initial rainwater automatic abandonment device of the present invention is:

See Figure 1. The device of the present invention is composed of a timing water collection chamber 18 and a main water collection chamber 11 . According to the initial rainwater volume of discarded flow in a certain rainfall, V=V ₁ +V ₂ , where V ₁ is the volume of the timing water collection chamber 18 , and V ₂ is the volume of the main water collection chamber 11 . V ₁ =S×H, S is the cross-sectional area of the timing water collection chamber 18, H is the effective water depth of the timing water collection chamber 18 at the beginning of timing; when V is determined first, T ₂ ≤ _{T 1} is the control condition , through reasonable selection of S and H, V ₁ can be determined, and finally V ₂ can be determined, and then according to the elevation layout and plane layout, the specific size of the automatic flow abandonment device of the present invention is determined, and the rope length is selected according to the geometric size of the device; according to Particle size distribution characteristics of particulate matter in local rainwater, determine the inner diameter of the timing discharge pipe 14 and the size of the screen mesh 4 aperture size above the timing water collection chamber 18; the main discharge pipe 12 pipe diameter of the main water collection chamber 11 is generally selected during design. More than 400mm. The weight of the buoy and the attraction force of the magnet are determined according to the constraints between the mass of the two buoys and the magnetic force (attraction) of the magnet. In order to prevent the free movement of the control buoy 8, the horizontal limit rope 9 and the longitudinal limit rope 13 are used to limit and control the movement of the buoy 8 within a certain range. The shell of the timing buoy 7 needs elastic material protection to prevent it from impacting the bottom of the timing water collection chamber 18 at the moment of breaking away from the magnet 19, causing damage. Each component of the device of the present invention must meet the strength and anti-corrosion requirements.

At present, the device of the present invention has been successfully designed. The physical model has passed the verification and has been successfully applied to a rainwater harvesting and utilization system for an expressway in Pudong, Shanghai. The ratio of the physical model to the actual engineering plane is 1:10, and the ratio in the height direction is 1:2.

The actual application of the device of the present invention is described below through the design parameters of the project example: According to the rainfall data and water quality analysis for many years, the initial rainfall in a certain place in Pudong, Shanghai is determined to be 5mm, and the collection area of a rainwater demonstration project is 12000m ² , and the rainwater runoff on the road surface The coefficient is 0.90, and the initial rain discharge flow rate is determined to be 54m ³ , that is, the effective volume of the device is 54m ³ . According to the analysis of the particle size distribution of the local rainwater particles, the diameter of the timing discharge pipe 14 is selected to be 10mm, and the pipe diameter of the main discharge pipe 12 is The diameter is 400mm, and the top screen cloth 4 aperture size of timing water collecting chamber 18 is 5mm. According to the local multi-year rainfall data, the time interval between two rainfall events is selected as 24h, that is, _T1 is 24h. Combined with the elevation and plane layout in the actual project, it is determined that the effective water depth H of the timing water collection chamber 18 is 1.6m, the plane size is 5m×1.1m, and the effective volume size of the main water collection chamber is 5m×5.6m×1.6m. The initial rainwater discharge of the device lasted 18.5 hours, that is, T ₂ was 18.5 hours, meeting the requirement of T ₂ ≤ T ₁ . The gravity of timing float 7 is 20N, and the gravity of control float 8 is 100N. The automatic discharge function of the device is realized by the automatic opening and closing of the main discharge cover 10 and the timing discharge cover 15 by the two buoys according to the difference in water level and force.

The operating principle of the device of the present invention is as follows:

See Figure 2, the unit was empty before the rain. The timing water collecting chamber 18 and the main water collecting chamber 11 are all in an empty state, the timing discharge cover 15 is closed, the main discharge cover 10 is opened, the timing buoy 7 and the control buoy 8 are all on the bottom plate of the timing water collecting chamber 18, the main The discharge control rope 6 is tightened, and all other control ropes are in a loose state.

Please refer to Fig. 3, after the rainfall begins, since the initial rainwater abandonment device of the present invention is lower than the rainwater inlet pipe 1 and the available rainwater collection pipe 2 in elevation, so the initial rainwater will fill up the device earlier. Before the initial rainwater enters the timing water collection chamber 18 and the main water collection chamber 11, the coarse granular matter entrained in the initial rainwater is intercepted by the screen cloth 4. When the water level rises in the timing water collecting chamber 18, the timing buoy 7 and the control buoy 8 all rise with the rising of the water level, the main discharge control rope 6 gradually relaxes, and the main discharge cover plate 10 closes gradually. After the control buoy 8 rose to the critical position I-I, the main discharge pipe control rope 6 was fully slack, the main discharge cover 10 was fully closed, and the timing discharge cover 15 was always in a closed state.

Please refer to Fig. 4, as the rainfall proceeds, the water level in the timing water collection chamber 18 continues to rise. When the water level exceeds the top of the partition wall, rainwater also enters the main water collection chamber 11 simultaneously. When the timing buoy 7 just rises to the critical position II-II moment, the timing buoy 7 is attracted together with the magnet 19 under the magnetic force. Because timing discharge control rope 16 lengths are fixed, just less than the length of magnet 19 to timing water collection chamber 18 bottoms, so timing discharge cover plate 15 is opened, and timing water collection chamber 18 hydraulic timing discharges begin, and this moment also is initial stage rainwater collection ends, simultaneously After that, the runoff formed by rainfall can be considered as not belonging to the initial rainwater category, and can enter the available rainwater collection pipe 2 to be collected and utilized.

Please refer to Fig. 5, after the rainfall stopped, the water level in the timing water collection chamber 18 began to decline continuously, the water level in the main water collection chamber 11 was constant, and the positions of the timing buoy 7 and the control buoy 8 remained unchanged.

Please refer to Fig. 6, when the water level in the timing water collecting chamber 18 drops below the critical position I-I, the pulling force of the timing buoy 7 is controlled by the pulling force of the buoy 8 and the magnet 19 breaks away, and falls back to the base plate of the timing water collecting chamber 18, and the timing discharge cover Plate 15 is closed. Simultaneously control buoy 8 also descends with the decline of water level, and main discharge control rope 6 tightens, and main discharge cover plate 10 is opened, and rainwater is discarded flow (discharging) in main water collecting chamber 11, and timing ends. Timing water collection chamber 18 and main water collection chamber 11 are all emptied automatically, return to the state (seeing Fig. 2) before rainfall, get ready for next rain hydraulic timing, automatic abandonment flow. Such a cycle realizes the initial rainwater of automatic abandonment.

Claims (1)

1. waterpower self-control early-stage rainwater stream abandoning device, comprise timing collecting chamber (18) and main collecting chamber (11), it is characterized in that: a fixed magnet (19) on the top board in the timing collecting chamber (18), base plate is offered timing delivery pipe (14), timing delivery pipe (14) internal diameter calculates definite by hydraulic principle, satisfy to collect the required time of rainwater in the emptying timing collecting chamber (18) and equal two time intervals between the rainfall; Timing delivery pipe (14) top port is provided with timing discharging cover plate (15), by timing emission control rope (16) cover plate (15) is discharged in timing and link with timing floating drum (7), its length equals the distance after magnet (19) is opened fully to timing discharging cover plate (15); The suction of magnet (19) adds the weight of timing discharging cover plate (15) greater than timing floating drum (7), so that the water level in the timing collecting chamber (18) rises to magnet (19) can hold timing floating drum (7) time, cover plate (15) is discharged in timing open, and realizes automatic flow abandoning; Timing collecting chamber (18) bottom also is provided with control floating drum (8), the weight of control floating drum (8) is greater than the suction of magnet (19) to timing floating drum (7), its bottom is connected with timing collecting chamber (18) base plate by longitudinal spacing rope (13), and a side is connected with partition wall by cross spacing rope (9); Control floating drum (8) top is provided with two ropes, and one is the connection cord (17) that is connected with timing floating drum (7), and its length satisfies when control floating drum (8) falls back to timing collecting chamber (18) base plate can be pulled away from timing floating drum (7) magnet (19); Another root is a main emission control rope (6), main emission control rope (6) is connected by the main discharging cover plate (10) that the pulley (5) and main delivery pipe (12) port of main collecting chamber (11) base plate are provided with, main discharging cover plate (10) can be opened fully when its length satisfied control floating drum (8) falls back to timing collecting chamber (18) base plate, be realized that main collecting chamber (11) discharges purpose automatically; Pulley (5) is installed in the partition wall top between timing collecting chamber (18) and the main collecting chamber (11); Partition wall is lower than the bottom position after timing floating drum (7) is sucked by magnet (19); There is screen cloth (4) timing collecting chamber (18) top, and its aperture is less than the internal diameter of timing delivery pipe (14);

The method that described waterpower self-control early-stage rainwater stream abandoning device adopts comprises: according to the analysis of water of many rainfall rainwater and the amount of precipitation statistics of locality, selected early-stage rainwater stream abandoning amount, according to the early-stage rainwater stream abandoning amount, determine the scale of flow abandoning apparatus then, and construct flow abandoning apparatus; According to the analysis of rainfall data for many years of locality, the blanking time between selected two rainfalls, determine that flow abandoning apparatus is finished to collect and discharge needed total time; Utilize described waterpower self-control early-stage rainwater stream abandoning device to finish the discharging emptying and the reinstatement of flow abandoning apparatus automatically, reach after finishing early-stage rainwater stream abandoning, collect for next rainwater automatically and carry out the purpose that early-stage rainwater stream abandoning is prepared.

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