CN1851021A - Magnesium-aluminium alloy material - Google Patents
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- CN1851021A CN1851021A CNA2005100343676A CN200510034367A CN1851021A CN 1851021 A CN1851021 A CN 1851021A CN A2005100343676 A CNA2005100343676 A CN A2005100343676A CN 200510034367 A CN200510034367 A CN 200510034367A CN 1851021 A CN1851021 A CN 1851021A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种镁铝合金材料，按重量百分比计，其包括含量为0.1％～10％的纳米碳材。该镁铝合金材料中，按重量百分比计，铝的含量为5％～20％。该镁合金材料还可包括按重量百分比计含量为5％以下的锶。The invention provides a magnesium-aluminum alloy material, which includes a nano-carbon material with a content of 0.1% to 10% by weight percentage. In the magnesium-aluminum alloy material, the content of aluminum is 5%-20% by weight percentage. The magnesium alloy material may further include strontium in an amount of less than 5% by weight.
Description
【技术领域】【Technical field】
本发明涉及一种镁铝合金材料，尤其涉及一种耐潜变镁铝合金材料。The invention relates to a magnesium-aluminum alloy material, in particular to a creep-resistant magnesium-aluminum alloy material.
【背景技术】【Background technique】
镁铝合金材料由于具有质轻、坚硬、金属性能优、抗磁、抗腐蚀性能强，以及良好的减震性能、耐压性、低温特性及优良的散热性等性能而倍受青睐。近年来，镁铝合金因其再生性能好，且回收技术环保、无污染而被业内人士称之为“环保型产品”。Magnesium-aluminum alloy materials are popular because of their light weight, hardness, excellent metal performance, strong anti-magnetic and corrosion resistance, good shock absorption performance, pressure resistance, low temperature characteristics and excellent heat dissipation. In recent years, magnesium-aluminum alloys have been called "environmentally friendly products" by industry insiders because of their good regeneration performance, and the recycling technology is environmentally friendly and pollution-free.
镁合金的比重仅为1.8，为铜的四分之一、铝的三分之二，与塑胶相似。其壁厚比塑胶更薄，加之良好的压铸性能，抗腐蚀性能，减震性及抗电磁波干扰性能等优势，因此，其发展潜力在国际上正被积极推广。目前被广泛应用于数码摄录机、迷你碟随身听(Mini Disk walkman，MD)、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、移动电话等电子产品以及汽车零部件。The specific gravity of magnesium alloy is only 1.8, which is 1/4 of copper and 2/3 of aluminum, similar to plastic. Its wall thickness is thinner than that of plastic, coupled with good die-casting performance, corrosion resistance, shock absorption and anti-electromagnetic interference performance and other advantages, therefore, its development potential is being actively promoted internationally. At present, it is widely used in electronic products such as digital camcorders, mini disk walkman (Mini Disk walkman, MD), notebook computer, personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), mobile phone and auto parts.
镁合金是工业应用中最轻的金属结构材料，但是现有技术中镁合金的强韧性还较低，一般镁合金的强度仅为相同工艺制备铝合金的50％～70％，而其韧性及塑性与铝合金间的差距更大，易发生潜变，这限制了镁合金的应用范围。Magnesium alloys are the lightest metal structural materials in industrial applications, but the strength and toughness of magnesium alloys in the prior art are still low. Generally, the strength of magnesium alloys is only 50% to 70% of that of aluminum alloys prepared by the same process, while its toughness and The gap between plasticity and aluminum alloy is larger, and creep is easy to occur, which limits the application range of magnesium alloy.
潜变是指在一定应力作用下，变形随时间缓慢进行的现象。镁铝合金材料在常温下受弹性限度以下的应力长时间作用时，其结构一般不会发生变化；但是在高温环境下受弹性限度以下的应力作用时，材料会随时间延长而渐渐发生变形，即发生潜变。镁铝合金材料的潜变速率是时间、温度的函数，随温度升高及时间延长，镁铝合金材料潜变速率将会变大。耐潜变镁铝合金，一般是指可在150℃以上环境中，仍不致发生太大潜变的镁铝合金。Creep refers to the phenomenon that deformation proceeds slowly over time under a certain stress. When the magnesium-aluminum alloy material is subjected to stress below the elastic limit at room temperature for a long time, its structure will generally not change; however, when subjected to stress below the elastic limit at high temperature, the material will gradually deform over time. That is, creep occurs. The creep rate of magnesium-aluminum alloy material is a function of time and temperature. With the increase of temperature and the extension of time, the creep rate of magnesium-aluminum alloy material will become larger. Creep-resistant magnesium-aluminum alloys generally refer to magnesium-aluminum alloys that do not undergo too much creep in an environment above 150°C.
由于镁是密排六方金属，晶界滑移少，常温下塑性变形性差，导致其韧性及耐潜变性差。晶粒细化对提高合金力学性能的效果比体心及面心立方金属的效果更有效，因此，细晶强化是提高镁合金强韧性及耐潜变性的主要方法之一。另一方面，铝的存在可提供较好强度、硬度及可铸性，然而，常用Mg-Al基镁合金中的第二相是分布在晶界的粗大Mg17Al12相，降低了合金的强韧性及耐潜变性，因此，改善该第二相的型态及分布是提高镁铝合金性能的又一重要方法。Since magnesium is a close-packed hexagonal metal, there is less grain boundary slip and poor plastic deformation at room temperature, resulting in poor toughness and creep resistance. Grain refinement is more effective in improving the mechanical properties of alloys than body-centered and face-centered cubic metals. Therefore, grain refinement strengthening is one of the main methods to improve the strength, toughness and creep resistance of magnesium alloys. On the other hand, the presence of aluminum can provide better strength, hardness and castability, however, the second phase in commonly used Mg-Al-based magnesium alloys is the coarse Mg 17 Al 12 phase distributed in the grain boundaries, which reduces the Therefore, improving the shape and distribution of the second phase is another important method to improve the performance of magnesium-aluminum alloy.
有鉴于此，提供一种阻止裂纹蔓延、耐潜变的镁铝合金材料实为必需。In view of this, it is necessary to provide a magnesium-aluminum alloy material that prevents crack propagation and resists creep.
【发明内容】【Content of invention】
以下，将以若干实施例说明一种可以阻止裂纹蔓延、耐潜变的镁铝合金材料。Hereinafter, a magnesium-aluminum alloy material capable of preventing crack propagation and creep resistance will be described with several examples.
该镁铝合金材料，按重量百分比计，包括含量为0.1％～10％的纳米碳材。The magnesium-aluminum alloy material includes nano-carbon material with a content of 0.1% to 10% by weight percentage.
进一步地，该镁铝合金材料按重量百分比计，包括含量为5％～20％的铝。Further, the magnesium-aluminum alloy material includes aluminum in an amount of 5% to 20% by weight percentage.
再进一步地，该镁铝合金材料按重量百分比计，包括含量为5％以下的锶。Still further, the magnesium-aluminum alloy material includes strontium with a content of less than 5% by weight percentage.
相较于现有技术，本发明镁铝合金材料中，铝的存在可提供较好强度、硬度及可铸性。因纳米碳材具有高杨氏模量，具有较小尺寸的纳米碳材使晶粒细化，从而使该镁铝合金材料具有高的断裂韧性，可获得较好的耐潜变性能，阻止裂纹蔓延，提高机械特性。并且，在镁铝合金材料中加入少量锶会形成精细结构，可有效防止镁铝合金材料受外部因素影响产生的裂纹，提高其耐潜变性能。Compared with the prior art, the presence of aluminum in the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention can provide better strength, hardness and castability. Due to the high Young's modulus of nano-carbon materials, the smaller-sized nano-carbon materials refine the grains, so that the magnesium-aluminum alloy material has high fracture toughness, which can obtain better creep resistance and prevent cracks Spread and improve mechanical properties. Moreover, adding a small amount of strontium to the magnesium-aluminum alloy material will form a fine structure, which can effectively prevent the magnesium-aluminum alloy material from cracks caused by external factors and improve its creep resistance.
【具体实施方式】【Detailed ways】
本技术方案的镁铝合金材料中，包括纳米碳材，其含量为0.1％～10％，优选0.5％～2％。该纳米碳材包括碳纳米管、碳纳米球、碳纳米线等。其粒子尺寸为5nm～500nm，优选为20nm～200nm。The magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the technical solution includes nano-carbon material, and its content is 0.1%-10%, preferably 0.5%-2%. The nano-carbon material includes carbon nanotubes, carbon nanospheres, carbon nanowires and the like. Its particle size is 5 nm to 500 nm, preferably 20 nm to 200 nm.
该镁铝合金材料中，还可含有锶(Sr)，其含量为5％以下，优选1％～2％。Sr的粒径较纳米碳材大，为20nm～500nm，优选100nm～300nm。The magnesium-aluminum alloy material may also contain strontium (Sr), the content of which is less than 5%, preferably 1%-2%. The particle size of Sr is larger than that of the nano-carbon material, which is 20nm-500nm, preferably 100nm-300nm.
纳米碳材具有高杨氏模量(Young’s Modulus)，类似于金刚石，可阻止潜变及任何微小裂纹；同时，它又具有良好的导电性，用于电子消费产品时，可更有效地防止电磁干扰(ElectroMagnetic Interference，EMI)。纳米碳材是一种优良的热导体，其热传导率k为6,000W/m·K，为铝的30倍，铜的20倍，金刚石的2倍，因此散热性能好，利于镁铝合金材料的散热，可用于笔记型电脑或其它电脑的外壳。Nano-carbon material has a high Young's modulus (Young's Modulus), similar to diamond, which can prevent creep and any tiny cracks; at the same time, it has good electrical conductivity, which can more effectively prevent electromagnetic waves when used in consumer electronics products. Interference (Electro Magnetic Interference, EMI). Nano-carbon material is an excellent thermal conductor, its thermal conductivity k is 6,000W/m K, which is 30 times that of aluminum, 20 times that of copper, and 2 times that of diamond, so it has good heat dissipation performance and is conducive to the development of magnesium alloy materials For heat dissipation, it can be used in the casing of notebook computers or other computers.
对于金属合金及塑胶而言，断裂韧性(Fracture Toughness)K1c为其主要机械参数之一，它是对于平面应变的断裂韧性，反映了材料阻止裂纹扩展的能力。断裂韧性值越高，该合金或塑胶的机械性能越好。其关系式如下：For metal alloys and plastics, Fracture Toughness (Fracture Toughness) K 1c is one of the main mechanical parameters. It is the fracture toughness for plane strain and reflects the ability of materials to prevent cracks from expanding. The higher the fracture toughness value, the better the mechanical properties of the alloy or plastic. Its relationship is as follows:
其中，σy为屈服强度(Yield Strength)，即弹性变形的极限，也称屈服点，c为裂纹长度，也称失效长度，d为颗粒粒径。由该式得出，颗粒粒径d越小，断裂韧性K1c越大。由于纳米碳材具有较高的杨氏模量，故其屈服强度σy高，因此纳米级尺寸的颗粒使得断裂韧性增加。因纳米碳材或锶粒子均具有较小的颗粒粒径，使得该镁合金具有高的断裂韧性，可阻止裂纹蔓延，防止镁合金潜变变形，提高机械特性。Among them, σ y is the yield strength (Yield Strength), that is, the limit of elastic deformation, also known as the yield point, c is the crack length, also known as the failure length, and d is the particle size. From this formula, the smaller the particle size d is, the larger the fracture toughness K 1c is. Since the nano-carbon material has a high Young's modulus, its yield strength σ y is high, so the nano-sized particles increase the fracture toughness. Because the nano-carbon material or the strontium particles have smaller particle sizes, the magnesium alloy has high fracture toughness, which can prevent cracks from spreading, prevent creep deformation of the magnesium alloy, and improve mechanical properties.
锶被广泛应用于冶金、化工、电子合金光电管。一般情况下，镁铝合金材料中加入少量Sr会形成精细结构，可有效防止镁铝合金材料受外部因素影响产生的裂纹，提高其耐潜变性能。Sr在镁铝合金材料中含量为1wt％～2wt％时，效果最好。Strontium is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, and electronic alloy photoelectric tubes. In general, adding a small amount of Sr to the magnesium-aluminum alloy material will form a fine structure, which can effectively prevent the magnesium-aluminum alloy material from cracks caused by external factors and improve its creep resistance. When the content of Sr in the magnesium-aluminum alloy material is 1wt%-2wt%, the effect is the best.
进一步地，在该镁铝合金材料中，铝(Al)的含量按重量百分比计为5％～20％，优选8％～10％。Further, in the magnesium-aluminum alloy material, the content of aluminum (Al) is 5%-20% by weight, preferably 8%-10%.
铝的存在，可提供较好强度、硬度及可铸性。然而，在Mg-Al基合金中在晶界常形成粗大的Mg17Al12相，这降低了合金的强度与塑性及耐潜变性。本案实施方式中，在含5wt％～20wt％铝的镁铝合金材料中引入纳米尺寸的纳米碳材及锶粒子，可使析出的Mg17Al12相的晶粒细化，从而使该镁铝合金材料获得较好的耐潜变性能。The presence of aluminum can provide better strength, hardness and castability. However, coarse Mg 17 Al 12 phases are often formed at grain boundaries in Mg-Al-based alloys, which reduces the strength, plasticity and creep resistance of the alloy. In the embodiment of this case, introducing nano-sized nano-carbon materials and strontium particles into the magnesium-aluminum alloy material containing 5wt% to 20wt% aluminum can refine the crystal grains of the precipitated Mg 17 Al 12 phase, thereby making the magnesium-aluminum alloy Alloy materials have better creep resistance performance.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第一实施例为：按重量百分比计，该镁铝合金材料中包括含量为5％的碳纳米管。The first embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is: by weight percentage, the magnesium-aluminum alloy material includes carbon nanotubes with a content of 5%.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第二实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米线含量为0.1％，铝含量为5％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The second embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: by weight percentage, the carbon nanowire content is 0.1%, the aluminum content is 5%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第三实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米球含量为10％，铝含量为20％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The third embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: by weight percentage, the carbon nanosphere content is 10%, the aluminum content is 20%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第四实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米管含量为0.1％，锶粒子含量为1％，铝含量为10％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The fourth embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: by weight percentage, the content of carbon nanotubes is 0.1%, the content of strontium particles is 1%, the content of aluminum is 10%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第五实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米球含量为10％，锶粒子含量为2％，铝含量为8％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The fifth embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: by weight percentage, the content of carbon nanospheres is 10%, the content of strontium particles is 2%, the content of aluminum is 8%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第六实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米管含量为0.5％，锶粒子含量为1％，铝含量为10％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The sixth embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: by weight percentage, the content of carbon nanotubes is 0.5%, the content of strontium particles is 1%, the content of aluminum is 10%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第七实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米线含量为2％，锶粒子含量为5％，铝含量为9％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The seventh embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is: by weight percentage, the content of carbon nanowires is 2%, the content of strontium particles is 5%, the content of aluminum is 9%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第八实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米球含量为0.5％，锶粒子含量为1％，铝含量为5％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The eighth embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: by weight percentage, the content of carbon nanospheres is 0.5%, the content of strontium particles is 1%, the content of aluminum is 5%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
本发明镁铝合金材料的第九实施例为：按重量百分比计，碳纳米管含量为5％，锶粒子含量为2％，铝含量为20％，其余为镁及不可避免的杂质。The ninth embodiment of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: by weight percentage, the content of carbon nanotubes is 5%, the content of strontium particles is 2%, the content of aluminum is 20%, and the rest is magnesium and unavoidable impurities.
上述镁铝合金材料中，铝的存在可提供较好强度、硬度及可铸性。纳米碳材及纳米级锶粒子均具有较小的颗粒尺寸，可使晶粒细化，从而使该镁铝合金材料具有高的断裂韧性，可获得较好的耐潜变性能，阻止裂纹蔓延，提高机械特性。Among the above-mentioned magnesium-aluminum alloy materials, the presence of aluminum can provide better strength, hardness and castability. Nano-carbon materials and nano-scale strontium particles have smaller particle sizes, which can refine the grains, so that the magnesium-aluminum alloy material has high fracture toughness, and can obtain better creep resistance and prevent cracks from spreading. Improve mechanical properties.
本发明的镁铝合金材料可应用于手机件、计算机机箱、PDA、DVD、数码相机等电器产品的外壳、铭牌及其它镁合金外观件等产品。The magnesium-aluminum alloy material of the present invention can be applied to shells, nameplates and other magnesium alloy appearance parts of mobile phone parts, computer cases, PDAs, DVDs, digital cameras and other electrical products.
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| US10639108B2 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2020-05-05 | Auris Health, Inc. | Process for percutaneous operations |
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| CA2464826A1 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-25 | Tetsuichi Motegi | Method for grain refinement of magnesium alloy castings |
| JP2007515379A (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2007-06-14 | コティ ビー．ヴィ． | Cosmetic and dermatological formulations containing magnetic particles, their production and use |
| US7029626B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2006-04-18 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Creep resistant magnesium alloy |
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| CN101435059B (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2012-05-30 | 清华大学 | Manufacturing method of magnesium-based-carbon nanotube composite material |
| CN102851557A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-02 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Graphene-doped magnesium alloy and magnesium alloy member |
| CN105231837A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-13 | 宁波市鄞州唯达汽车配件厂（普通合伙） | Improved baking tray |
| CN106011568A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 山东建筑大学 | Preparation method for magnesium nitride-carbon nano tube particle reinforced magnesium base alloy material |
| CN106011568B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-02-06 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of preparation method of magnesium nitride carbon nanotube particulate enhancing magnesium base alloy material |
| CN107699762A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽金兰压铸有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107904430A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-13 | 上海紫燕合金应用科技有限公司 | The preparation method of the magnesium alloy structural part of single-walled carbon nanotube doping |
| CN110643846A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-03 | 苏州第一元素纳米技术有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon nano tube reinforced magnesium alloy |
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