CN1732311A - Multi-roll calender - Google Patents

Abstract

A multiroll calender (10) comprises at least one roll stack (11) with a number of rolls (12, 13, 14, 15, 16) for forming at least one intermediate nip (2, 3, N), and at least one thermo roll (13, 15), as well as an upper roll (12) and a lower roll (16) provided with a deflection-compensating device. In the roll stack (11), the rolls can both be moved into the nip in contact with each other to calender the fibrous web (W) in the closed nip. An upper thermo roll (13) forming a roll pair with the upper roll (12) is fixedly supported on the roll stand such that the closing, opening and loading of the upper nip (1) is arranged by loading the shell of the upper roll (12) from the inside and the closing, opening and loading of the lower nip (4) is arranged by loading the shell of the lower roll (16) from the inside. In order to adjust the load of the nips (2, 3, N) between at least one pair of calender rolls (12, 13; 13, 14; 14, 15; 15, 16) in the roll stack in order to open said nips or lock them in an open position, the pair of calender rolls is provided with nip load adjustment and/or locking structures (20) acting between the bearing housings (9) or bearing housing supports and/or loading and/or support arms (31, 32) of the calender rolls.

Description

Multi-roll calender

The present invention relates to paper and board machines and in particular to calenders. The invention relates to a multi-roll calender comprising a plurality of sets of rolls arranged one above the other and/or adjacent to each other, wherein at least one set of rolls comprises at least three rolls and at least one other set of rolls Comprising at least four rolls, thereby forming at least one intermediate nip, so that some intermediate nips can be opened by means of a relief device (relief device), and in this multi-roll calender, the upper and lower rolls in each roll set The rolls are provided with a deflection-compensation device, and at least one heated roll is fixedly supported or releasably locked on the roll frame, and the rolls in the roll set can be moved into the nip to contact each other for The fiber web is calendered in a closed nip.

The invention also relates to a nip load adjustment and/or locking arrangement for a pair of calender rolls in a roll set of a multi-roll calender and for the nip between the pair of calender rolls, the The set of rolls comprises, as calender rolls, an upper roll and a lower roll, at least one of which is provided with an elastic coating and serves as a back-up roll for a hard surface press roll, and at least one Between the intermediate rolls, in this roll set, the central axes of the calender rolls are all parallel and perpendicular to the running direction of the web in the transverse direction, so that the adjacent calender rolls forming a pair of calender rolls There is a nip with a calender web therebetween, and the pressure line or surface of the nip is parallel to the central axis of the calender roll in the pair of calender rolls.

Coating of a joined paper web which passes through a calender forming a web-running path in which the web is processed in a nip (also called a "nip"). The nip is usually defined between a smooth-surfaced press roll, such as a heated or metal roll, and a back-up roll provided with an elastic coating, such as a polymer roll, between which the web is processed, i.e. by means of Pressure, humidity and high temperature calendering. The quality of the work produced in the calender determines the surface properties. Therefore, it can generally be considered that the surface quality will improve with the increase of the number of nips. But in many cases, a high-quality surface is not needed or desired. In this case, a smaller number of nips will suffice.

In calendering it is often desired to improve the properties of web-like materials such as paper or board webs, such as smoothness and gloss. In a calender, the nip is formed between a smooth surfaced press roll, such as a metal roll, and a resiliently coated roll, such as a polymer roll. In calendering, the web is passed into a nip defined between rollers that press against each other, ie into a calender nip, where the web is deformed by the effects of temperature, humidity and nip pressure. The elastic surface roll conforms to the shape of the web surface and presses the opposite side of the web evenly against the smooth surface press roll. In this context, calender roll means the roll forming the calender nip, upper roll means the uppermost roll of the roll set, and upper nip means the calender roll defined between the upper roll and the calender roll located below the upper roll The highest calender nip of the lower roll refers to the lowest roll of the roll set, and the lower nip refers to the lowest calender nip of the roll set defined between the lower roll and the calender roll above the lower roll , the upper hot roll refers to the hot roll that forms a roll pair with the upper roll, and the lower hot roll refers to the hot roll that forms a roll pair with the lower roll. The intermediate nip refers to the calender nip formed by means of calender rolls between the upper nip and the lower nip of the calender. Typically, by holding the upper or lower roll in place, and by pressing the set of rolls against said fixed in place roll, or alternatively, by pressing both the upper and lower rolls against each other to provide pressure. The deflection of the roll can be compensated by means of a deflection compensation device arranged inside the roll, so that the roll nip can obtain a linear form.

Flexible calendering refers to the possibility to vary the number of nips and the loading of those calendered webs during the operation of the calender. This means that different fiber webs can be flexibly calendered by means of different combinations of the number of calender nips and/or web travel paths, or despite deviations, failures of a calender roll/calender rolls or damaged, the production process can still continue.

In the calendering process, in-line calendering is being used more and more due to the increase in the required operating speed of the paper machine. Multi-nip in-line calendering is calendering performed in a calendering unit in which multiple nips are formed on smooth-surfaced press rolls (such as metal rolls) arranged one after the other alternately and coated with an elastic coating. Between rolls of layers, such as polymer rolls. A multi-nip in-line calender typically has, for example, 8 rolls and 7 nips. Due to gravity, the linear load increases from the upper nip to the lower nip in a multi-nip calender. In order to eliminate this downwardly increasing linear load, to control the deflection line of the rolls and for the rapid opening of the roll set, the current multi-nip calender adopts a roll unloading device, which is realized by means of a cylinder and a lever arm mechanism , and compensated for gravity. One such roll relief system is found in the OptiLoad ^TM calender.

In a multi-nip in-line calender there are usually at least two nips and three rolls in each roll set. In such multi-roll calenders, the linear load of the nip perpendicular to the running direction of the web increases from the upper nip to the lower nip due to gravity. In order to eliminate this increased linear load, to control the deflection lines of the individual rolls, and to quickly open the nip in the roll pack, the calender structure under the trade name OptiLoad, which was invented by the applicant and has been well known in the art. In this OptiLoad calender, the cylinder and lever arm mechanisms connected together with the bearing housings or bearing housing arms of the calender rolls, in addition to providing a roll unloading device to compensate for gravity, also provide a structure, by means of which the load in the nip can be increased and/or reduced as needed, so that a special loading profile can be given to the roll group, which is a continuous and uniform downward increase or downward decrease. Due to the load curve of the calender nip which can be set within a wide range, the calendering potential of the calender is considerable.

A large number of demands are placed on modern calenders with regard to the calendering mode. Several quality classes for different paper grades require alternative ways of loading calender roll packs, and different calendering modes. This facilitates the introduction of different load conditioning nips and different types of roll coatings into the calender.

There is now a need for a calender having a structure that enables rapid grade changes by inducting the web to run between the nips required for that web stage. In the past, for example, non-coated paper and coated paper grades can be manufactured using the same base paper, such as uncoated newsprint, that is, newspaper, and coated printing paper with a matte-surface, that is, matte paper. Rapid changes in calendered web patterns are problematic in the manufacture of paper in the case of .

It has also been problematic in the past to quickly continue the calendering process after an interruption, eg due to breakage and replacement of rolls during the calendering process. The manufacture of paper is accompanied by ever higher quality requirements, so that slight degradation of the roll coating in the calender or other more serious damages or failures such as occur during calendering can lead to eg replacement of rolls and also due to Lack of optional web running path leads to temporary shutdown or interruption of production.

A calender is known from the technology of EP890676, wherein the roll set of the calender can be adjusted so that a running path of the web can be realized so that at least two open nips can be arranged between two closed nips. nip. According to this document, the calender is provided with calender rolls movable along slides arranged on the calender frame to open or close the nip.

According to EP 661 405 it is known to form a calender comprising four rolls and three nips, which is constructed in such a way that it can be selected to operate with three, two or only one nip, whereby according to the selected The number of nips used for calendering, with the lower nip or optionally one of the lowest nips closed and the remaining upper nips open. The calender according to this document employs three deflection-adjustable rolls and the order of the nips is such that, when the nips are closed, the processing carried out in the third nip immediately follows in the second nip processing. Therefore, the possibilities for changing the calendering of the web are very limited.

European patent document EP822289 discloses the operation of partial nips in a multi-roll calender through one nip. In this calender, the upper or lower rolls are arranged in carriages that are movable in vertical slides of the calender frame. Additional rollers above the upper roller, or correspondingly below the lower roller, are arranged on the same support. By means of this arrangement, the upper roller and the additional roller located above it, and correspondingly the lower roller and the additional roller located below it, form pairs of rollers which provide themselves with a rotational drive. According to this document, the pair of rolls can be moved out of contact with the intermediate rolls of the calender, whereby, with the aim of enabling the operation of a partial nip in the calender, additional rolls can be moved into contact with the upper rolls, or accordingly Move down the roll. Optionally, the additional roll can be moved out of contact with the upper roll, or correspondingly with the lower roll, which enables normal operation of the calender, ie the web passes through all calender nips along the normal running path.

In some prior art of this type of calenders, problems of roll and nip vibrations occur during operation, where, due to some height adjustable roll and load adjustable roll support and required high linearity This vibration is exacerbated by the combined effect of the load, and/or by non-uniform web material.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and inventive calender which solves or at least reduces the above-mentioned problems and drawbacks and which can calender different types of fiber web grades in a flexible manner.

In this patent application, calendering flexibility for different types of fiber web grades refers to the possibility to change the structure of the calender nip and the running path of the fiber web in a multi-roll calender so that by using the nip structure and And/or different combinations of web travel paths to flexibly calender different fiber web grades and to continue production flexibly and to bypass obstacles that cause interruptions, such as damaged or worn roll coatings, or roll changes, etc.

The present invention is generally characterized in that the upper hot roll forming a roll pair with the upper roll is fixedly supported or releasably locked on the roll frame, so that when the upper hot roll is fixedly supported or locked, the closing of the upper nip, Opening and loading are provided by loading the shell of the upper roll from the inside, so that when the locking or support structure of the upper hot roll is opened, the closing, opening and loading of the upper nip are done by feeding the shell from the inside. Roll or the shell loading of the lower roll is set, and optionally, the closing, opening and loading of the lower nip are set by loading the lower roll and/or the shell of the lower roll.

A preferred feature of an embodiment of the present invention is that the upper hot roll forming a roll pair with the upper roll is fixedly supported on the roll frame, and the closing, opening and loading of the upper nip are provided by a shell to the upper roll from the inside Body loading is provided, and the closing, opening and loading of the lower nip are provided by loading the shell of the lower roll from the inside.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the roll set has at least four rolls, and the lower thermal roll forming a roll pair with the lower roll is provided with a supporting structure, which is connected to the roll frame and can move upwards and downwards. The distance of downward movement may be limited and the support structure includes a locking mechanism which is closed or opened to lock the support structure in a fixed position.

According to one embodiment of the invention, for closing and loading the lower nip, and for keeping each intermediate nip above the lower nip and below the upper nip open, with the lower roll The lower heated roll of the roll pair is locked in a fixed position.

Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the closing and opening of the upper nip and the load level can be independently controlled.

Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the closing and opening of the holddown zone and the load level can be independently controlled.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the closing of each intermediate nip located above the lower nip and below the upper nip can be provided by loading the shell of the lower roll from the inside.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the middle roll located above the lower heat roll is provided with a support structure connected with the roll frame and capable of moving upwards and downwards.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the downward movement distance of the support structure of the intermediate roll located above the lower thermo roll is arranged to be limited.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the load of each intermediate nip located above the lower nip and below the upper nip can be set by loading the shell of the lower roll from the inside.

According to one embodiment of the invention, in order to close and load each intermediate nip located above the lower nip and below the upper nip by means of the lower roll, the lower roll forming a roll pair with the lower roll The locking mechanism of the support structure of the heat roller is open.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper thermal roll is provided with a support structure connected with the roll stand and capable of moving upwards and downwards.

The present invention offers several advantages over the prior art, some of which will be described below. In the roll set of the multi-roll calender according to the invention, there are at least two independently adjustable nips, and the multi-roll calender is composed of multiple rolls placed one above the other and/or adjacent to each other. In the multi-roll calender, at least one roll set includes at least two nips, and at least another roll set includes at least three nips, and the nip structure and the running path of the web can be Change, but at least one nip is closed, for calendering the fiber web. The structure of the multi-roll calender according to the invention is such that by changing the nip structure for calendering according to the needs of the fiber web grade, grade change can also be performed by opening and closing the nip without changing the The travel path of the fiber web. In this specification, the calender nip configuration, or more simply the nip configuration, refers to those multi-roll calenders that participate in the calendering of the fibrous web as closed nips in any given calendering motion. machine nip. The calender according to the invention is advantageously suitable for use as a multistage calender. If an interrupted production or substantially lower quality damage occurs in a nip where the desired calendering pattern is important for a given web grade, such as damage to roll coatings or cracked bearings, etc., the Zone structures bypass this barrier to production. Another advantage is that by changing the running path, the fiber web can be guided along selectable paths leading to the same or different calendering results in the calender. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the calender allows the replacement of the rolls during the calendering process without interrupting the calendering process. Interruptions in production due to grade changes or breaks can thus be avoided, and alternative nip structures and/or web travel paths can be employed to ensure continuity of calendering. The independently loadable nips obtained by the present invention advantageously provide a desired linear load distribution. Other advantages and features of the invention will appear from the following detailed description of the invention.

In general, the object of the present invention is to eliminate or at least reduce the calendering problems, limitations and weaknesses associated with the prior art and to improve and expand the web calendering potential and calendering flexibility, i.e., with a multi-roll calender Possibility to produce different paper grades, in this calender the load in the nip can be adjusted and/or optimized and the nip can be opened or closed.

A particular object of the invention is to enable the load of at least one individual nip to be adjusted or limited independently of the load of the other nips in the roll set.

Another specific object of the invention is to enable at least one individual nip to be opened and locked in the open position independently of the load of the other nips in the roll set.

These objects are achieved by the present invention, according to a second aspect of the invention, characterized in that, in order to adjust the load on the nip between at least one pair of calender rolls in a roll set, to open said nip or to Locked in the open position, the pair of calender rolls is provided with a nip load adjustment and/or locking structure acting between the bearing housings or bearing housing supports and/or loading and/or support arms of said calender rolls.

According to a first embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the nip load adjusting and/or locking arrangement comprises a pair of nip load adjusting and locking elements acting on a bearing housing of a calender roll of a pair of calender rolls or between bearing housing brackets. In this connection, it is advantageous if said nip load adjustment and locking elements are constituted by mutually interacting power means, both provided with loading shoes, so that the mating surfaces of the loading shoes of the power means are formed mutually match. In order to take into account the movement path of the support or loading arm which moves in a lever-like manner, and to ensure that the adjusting and/or locking elements are held against each other, it is particularly proposed here that one of the mating surfaces should be convex, advantageously The ground is a convex spherical surface, and the other mating surface should be a concave surface, advantageously a concave spherical surface.

According to a second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the nip load adjusting and/or locking structure comprises a nip load adjusting and/or locking element acting to support or Between the load arms, and the element is a power unit, which is connected at one end to the support or load arm of one of the pair of calender rolls and at the other end to the other calender roll of the pair Roller support or loading arm.

According to a third embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the nip load adjusting and/or locking arrangement comprises a nip load adjusting and/or locking element acting on a bearing housing of a calender roll of a pair of calender rolls or between bearing housing supports, and can be moved by means of power means, the nip load adjustment and/or locking element is a wedge or spherical element, which can move in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the pair of rolls.

Furthermore, according to a second aspect, the invention is generally characterized by the drive of the power means for loading and/or moving a nip load regulating and/or locking element or nip load regulating and/or locking elements, Advantageously hydraulic, pneumatic, electromechanical and/or mechanical drives or other drives that provide an equivalent effect. Among them, hydraulic power cylinder, pneumatic power cylinder, electric motor, manual can be given as some driving examples.

According to a second aspect, the invention is also generally characterized in that the increase in the load of the nip load regulating and/or locking structure has the effect of reducing the nip load, and that the load of the nip load regulating and/or locking structure The reduction of has the effect of increasing the nip load.

Regarding the advantages of the present invention, it can be described as:

Closing, opening and/or loading of the lower nip of the roll set, as well as positioning under each roll set, can be achieved independently by keeping the support structure of the calender roll forming a pair with the lower roll of the roll set locked. Opening, holding locking and/or loading of nips above the nip;

Closing, opening and/or loading of the upper nip of the roll set, as well as positioning on each roll set, can be achieved independently by keeping locked the support structure of the calender roll forming a pair with the upper roll of the roll set. The opening, holding and/or loading of nips below the nip, and the loading, opening and/or closing of all nips in the roll set can be independently controlled and/or regulated; and

According to the invention, the magnitude of the pressure between the rolls can be adjusted individually, so that the force generating the load of an individual nip is determined by the desired load distribution in the nip. It is generally expected that the load or linear load of a single nip can be reduced or increased, that is, adjusted within the range of 0±50Mpa. Power delivery in anti-phase eliminates load deflection and increases damping.

In order that the nips in the roll set can be opened, closed and/or loaded individually, it is proposed that each pair of rolls should have at least one calender roll supported on the roll stand by means of a vertically movable support structure. Such a support structure can be, for example, a mechanism comprising a loading and/or support arm movable in a lever-like manner, and a chock support engaging with the chock of the calender roll. In view of the application of the invention, it is also proposed that the upper and/or lower rolls of the roll set can be deflection compensated.

With regard to other advantages and details of the invention, reference will be given in the following part of the special description of the invention.

In the following, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and a multi-roll calender according to the present invention will be described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, without restricting the invention exclusively to the description of the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a roll set of a multi-roll calender according to one embodiment of the invention, the roll set having five rolls and four nips, wherein the two nips can be adjusted independently of each other as required.

Fig. 2 shows a web running path in a double-roll multi-roll calender formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows an alternative calender nip configuration given by the web travel path shown in Figure 2 in a twin-roll multi-roll calender formed according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows three methods of forming a two-roll multi-roll calender from multiple roll sets.

Figure 5 also shows three methods of forming a two-roll multi-roll calender from multiple roll sets.

Figure 6 shows a first embodiment of the second aspect of the invention.

FIG. 6a shows a detail of FIG. 6 .

Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a third embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.

The invention will be described below by means of some advantageous embodiments of the invention, with reference to Figures 1-5 and 6-8. In the multi-roll calender 10 shown in Figures 1-5, there are roll sets 11, 111, 112, 113 arranged one above the other and/or adjacent to each other, at least one of which comprises at least three rolls, and at least one other set of rolls comprises at least four rolls, thereby forming at least one intermediate nip 2, 3, 2', 3', and in the multi-roll calender, the upper rolls 12, 12, 121, 122, 123 and lower rollers 16, 161, 162, 163 are all provided with deflection compensation devices. The upper thermal rolls 13, 131, 132, 133 of each roll set are fixedly supported or releasably locked on an unshown roll frame. Advantageously, the upper thermal rolls are fixedly supported on an unshown roll frame , and in the roll set, the rolls may be arranged to enter into the nip and contact each other for calendering the fiber web W in the closed nip.

In FIGS. 1-3, the invention is illustrated according to an embodiment of a multi-roll calender 10 using a five-roll set 11, 111 as an example. The upper rolls 12, 121 and the lower rolls 16, 161 of each roll set 11, 111 in the multi-roll calender 10 shown in Figs. 1-3 are provided with a deflection compensation device. In Figures 1-3, according to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the upper thermal rolls 13, 131 are fixedly supported on a roll frame not shown in the figures, and in this set of rolls, the rolls can be arranged to enter contact each other in the nip for calendering the web W of fibers in a closed nip.

Figure 1 shows a roll set 11 of a multi-roll calender 10 with five calender rolls 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 placed one above the other and four nips 1, 2, 3 , 4. Of the rolls not involved in forming the nips 1, 2, 3, 4, Figures 1-3 show two take-out rolls 5 and one take-out roll 6. In calendering, the fibrous web W passes into a nip formed between two rollers that are pressed against each other; in the roll set 11 of FIG. district. These nips can be closed or open. The upper nip 1 is formed between an upper roll 12 which in this case is a deflection compensating roll coated with an elastic coating, advantageously a polymer surface roll. In FIG. 1, a thermo roll 13 forming a roll pair with an upper roll 12 according to the invention is fixedly supported on a roll stand. The web W passing from the exit of the upper nip 1 passes through the take-off roll 5 following the roll pair 12, 13 into the intermediate nip 2 located below the upper nip 1, which is formed as The upper thermo roll 13 of the roll pair is formed by an intermediate roll 14, which in this embodiment is an elastically coated roll, advantageously a polymer roll. After passing through the intermediate nip 2, the web W then passes over the take-off roll 6 into the intermediate nip 3, which is formed in this case between an intermediate roll 14 and a smooth-surfaced press roll, advantageously a lower thermo roll 15 , the web W passes between these two rolls, passes through the take-off roll 5 following the roll pair 14, 15, and enters the lower nip 4, which is formed between the hot roll 15 and the lower roll 16 In between, the lower roll 16 is a deflection compensating roll coated with an elastic coating, advantageously a polymer surface roll. The web W passing out of the outlet of the lower nip 4 passes through at least one take-off roll or the like, not shown, into another roll set of the multi-roll calender 10, or alternatively passes through another roll set/ Additional sets of multiple rolls to feed the reel unit or another finishing unit.

In Fig. 1, the closing, opening and loading of the upper nip 1 of the roll set 11 are set by loading the shell of the upper roll 12 from the inside, and the closing, opening and loading of the lower nip 4 are provided by feeding the shell of the lower roll from the inside. The shell of 16 is set by loading, and the loading direction is indicated by the arrow symbols placed in the upper and lower rolls in Figures 1-3, and the arrow symbols are parallel to the nip surface and point to the nip. In the case of loading the shell, the arrow symbol is in contact with the inner surface of the shell and the nip participates in calendering. Likewise, where the shell of the upper or lower roll is not loaded and the nip is not involved in calendering, the arrow symbols are shown away from the inner surface of the shell.

The upper nip 1 is closed, opened and loaded by a loading device placed in the upper roll 12 , by means of which the shell of the upper roll 12 can be moved relative to the axis of the upper roll 12 in the direction of the nip face. In that case there may be no need to use the known structure of an upper cylinder associated with the upper roll 12 for closing and/or loading of the upper nip. In the roll set 11 of Fig. 1 the load of the upper nip 1 can be controlled independently; in other words, the closing, opening and loading level of the upper nip 1 can be controlled independently.

For closing, opening and loading the lower nip 4, as shown in FIG. The directional movement of the zone surface, or alternatively, the loading cylinder 17 acting on the lower roller 16, shown in dashed lines, can be used. In the roll set 11 of Fig. 1, the lower nip 4 can be controlled independently; in other words, the closing, opening and load level of the lower nip 4 can be controlled independently. When the closing distance of the lower nip 4 is minimized, the lower cylinders 17 for moving the lower roll 16 and for loading the lower nip 4 from below are not required at all. The closing distance of the upper nip 1 can be structurally set such that the movement distance of the casing of the upper roll 12 is sufficient to close the upper nip 1 and the deflection control can be realized. The closing distance of the lower nip 4 can be structurally set in such a way that the movement distance of the housing of the lower roll 16 is sufficient to close the lower nip 4 and the deflection control can be realized. When the roll set 11 comprises at least four rolls, as in the case shown in Figures 1-3, the lower thermal roll 15 forming a roll pair with the lower roll 16 is supported on the roll frame so that it can move and can be locked in a fixed position . The locking mechanism of the support structure provided to the lower heat roller 15 and capable of moving the lower heat roller 15 upward and downward is open or closed. In order to open the lower nip 4, the downward movement distance of the support structure of the lower thermal roll 15 can be limited, and the support structure of the lower thermal roll 15 can be locked, so that the lower roll 16 or the housing of the lower roll 16 is in the lower position. When the heat roller 15 is at a suitable distance, the lower nip 4 is opened. Just to close the lower nip 4 and to keep the respective intermediate nips 2, 3 above the lower nip 4 and below the upper nip 1 open, the locking mechanism of the supporting structure of the lower thermo roll 15 is closed, which It is represented by a closed lock symbol in Figure 1. The intermediate roll 14 is provided with a supporting structure which enables the opening and closing of the intermediate nip 2 and which allows the intermediate roll 14 to move upwards or downwards, the movement distance of which is defined downwards so that the intermediate nip 3 can be opened.

As shown in Figure 1, the upward mobility of the supporting structure of the lower thermo roll 15 makes it possible to close, open and load the individual nips above the lower nip 4 and between the upper nip 1 by means of the lower roll 16 from below. Each nip below. For closing, opening and loading the lower nip 4, as well as the intermediate nip 3 located above the lower nip 4 and the intermediate nip 2 located below the upper nip 1, the locking mechanism of the supporting structure of the lower thermo roll 15 is opened, And when the lower nip 4, the middle nip 3 above the lower nip 4 and the middle nip 2 below the upper nip 1 are closed in the stated order, including the lower roll 16, the lower hot roll 15 and the middle roll The roller set of 14 can be driven by means of the lower roller 16 to contact with the upper hot roller 13 fixedly supported on the roll stand, and press on the upper hot roller 13, by reducing the load in the lower roller 16 shell, and by making the lower roller The housings of the rolls 16 are moved downwards in the direction of the nip face to open said nips 2 , 3 and 4 . The intermediate nip 2 opens as the first nip in the opening sequence when the intermediate roll 14 moves downwards supported by its movable support structure. After the intermediate nip 14 has reached the lower limit position in its path of motion, the intermediate nip 3 is opened as the next nip in sequence. When the lower roll 16 or the shell of the lower roll 16 moves further downward in the direction of the nip surface, the lower thermal roll 15 reaches the lower limit position of its movable supporting structure, or the locking of the supporting structure of the movable lower thermal roll 15 The mechanism is locked so that the hold-down zone 4 is open. It should be emphasized that the opening, closing and especially loading of the intermediate nips 2, 3 may comprise features other than those described above, especially when means for influencing the loading and/or rapid opening between the calender nips are employed. The closing and/or opening of the intermediate nips 2 and 3 can also be arranged such that the lower thermal roll 15 and the intermediate roll 14 located above the lower roll 16 are placed upwardly on the thermal roll 13 by means of the lower roll 16 provided with the lower air cylinder 17 The drive, or alternatively the closing of the intermediate nips 2 and 3 of the five-high roll set 11 may advantageously be provided without the loading cylinder 17 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1 , which is then shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as, The lower roll 16 is not provided with any lower air cylinder, but the lower heat roll 15 and the middle roll 14 located above the lower roll 16 are moved to the upper heat roll 13 by loading the shell of the lower roll 16 from the inner side, so that the lower roll 16 loads are fully utilized. When the movement paths of the rolls 14 and 15 are minimized, the lower air cylinder 17 is no longer needed to move the lower roll 16 and the lower heat roll 15 and intermediate roll 14 at all, and the lower air cylinder 17 is not required in the lower nip 4, The load is generated from below in the intermediate nip 3 above the lower nip 4 and in the intermediate nip 2 below the upper nip 1 .

When in the five-roll roller group 11 of the multi-roll calender 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the lower nip 4, the middle nip 3 above the lower nip 4 and the middle nip 1 below the upper nip 1 are formed. With the minimum pitch of the closing movement of the roll set in nip 2, the lower cylinders may not be required in the opening, closing and loading of nips 4, 3 and 2. In that case the vibration situation in the calender can be kept better under control.

The advantage of fixedly supporting the upper hot roll 13 on the roll stand is that the vibrations of the calender 10 during operation are reduced compared to the case where the support of the roll is provided by a lockable lever arm which can be opened. The situation of making the structure more complicated and can make the upper heat roller 13 move. The fixed support structure of the upper thermo roll 13 is inexpensive to implement. When the roll set 11 comprises at least four calender rolls, the lower thermo roll 15 forming a roll pair with the lower roll 16 is supported on a roll frame so that it is movable and lockable in a fixed position, in multi-roll The lock is open or closed in the case of at least two independently closable and openable nips (upper nip 1 and lower nip 4 ) in at least one roll set 11 of the calender 10 .

As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 5, when three rolls are arranged in the roll set 11 of the multi-roll calender 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, an upper roll 12, a hot roll 13 and a lower roll 16, the three rolls The two rolls form two nips that can be closed and opened independently, that is, the upper nip and the lower nip. When the upper hot roll 13 is fixedly supported on the roll stand, the load in these two nips can be adjusted by means of the upper nip. The roller 12 and the lower roller 16 are realized independently, but the temperature adjustment must be realized by means of the hot roller 13 shared with the upper nip and the lower nip and located between the upper roller 12 and the lower roller 16 of the roller group 11 .

When four rolls are arranged in the roll set 11 of the multi-roll calender 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, namely upper roll 12, upper hot roll 13, lower hot roll 15 and lower roll 16, and three nips , the outermost nip in the nip, i.e. the upper nip and the lower nip, is a nip that can be closed and opened independently, and when the upper hot roll 13 is fixedly supported on the roll frame, their load and heating adjustment can be It is implemented independently in a similar manner as in FIG. 1 . In this case, there are no intermediate rolls in the four-roll roll set 11 , so that the central nip is the intermediate nip formed between the two thermo rolls, namely the upper thermo roll 13 and the lower thermo roll 15 .

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the multi-roll calender 10 according to the invention consists of two roll sets 11 and 111, so that fiber webs can be calendered with different alternative nip configurations and/or web travel paths. W. Figures 2 and 3 show an exemplary embodiment of the travel path of the web W. In the first roll group 11 of the multi-roll calender 10, there are five rolls placed one above the other and four nips 1, 2, 3, 4, and the five rolls are respectively the upper roll 12, the upper heat roll 13 , intermediate roll 14 , lower heat roll 15 and lower roll 16 . In the second roll set 111 there are five rolls placed one above the other and four nips 1', 2', 3', 4' in a corresponding manner, these five rolls are respectively the upper roll 121, An upper heat roll 131 , an intermediate roll 141 , a lower heat roll 151 , and a lower roll 161 . The tension of the web W is controlled by a tension-measuring roller, not shown, placed between the first roller set 11 and the second roller set 111 .

The independently loadable upper nip 1 and lower nip 4 of the roll set 11 according to the invention facilitates a desired linear load distribution in the multi-roll calender 10, so that in the present invention shown in FIGS. 1-3 In the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, the linear load distribution of the set of rolls 11 can be set as desired by means of a separate upper nip 1 load and a separate lower nip 4 load. For example, upper nip 1 can be open or closed, lower nip 4 can be open or closed, and the load in lower nip 4 can be higher, equal, or lower than the load in upper nip 1 depending on the expected linear load level. The middle nip 3 above the nip 4 and the middle nip 2 located below the upper nip 1 can be opened when the lower nip 4 is opened or closed, the middle nip relies on the load of the lower nip 4 and is located at the lower nip The intermediate nip 3 above the nip 4 and the intermediate nip 2 located below the upper nip 1 can be closed when the lower nip 4 is closed, said intermediate nip depending on the load of the lower nip 4 .

When the locking mechanism of the support structure of the lower hot roll 15 in the roll set 11 is opened, the loads of the nips 2, 3 and 4 below the upper nip 1 are mutually dependent, so that the linear load is shifted from the upper nip due to gravity. The intermediate nip 2 below the 1 is increased to the lower nip 4, if in order to eliminate the downward increase of the linear load and to control the deflection line of the rolls, for example, the roll unloading device already known per se is not applied Used in conjunction with the rolls forming said nip, this roll unloading device is realized by means of air cylinders and lever arm mechanisms and compensates for gravity, this unloading device can also be used for quick opening of the roll pack.

In the multi-roll calender 10 according to one embodiment of the invention, the linear load distribution within the roll sets 11 and 111 and the load between the roll sets 11 and 111 can be varied to optimize the paper quality, for example with respect to the following characteristics : Gloss/density, smoothness/density, loss of bulk, load/elongation history, etc. The linear load distribution of the nip can be adjusted as continuous/intermittent and/or linear/non-linear. For example, in the upper nip 1 of the first roll set 11, the web W can bear a nip load equal to a linear load of 100 kN/m, when in the nip 2 below the upper nip 1 and in the lower nip In the nip 3 above the zone 4 and in the lower nip 4, the web W is subjected to a linearly increasing nip load, the maximum linear load in the lower nip 4 is 100 kN/m, and the other roll All nips of group 111 remain open. According to an optional example of a linear load, when all the nips of the other roll set 111 are open, the linear load in the upper nip 1 of the first roll set 11 is kept linear by means of the unloading device. Half of the linear load of nips 2, 3 and 4.

When it is necessary to perform the same processing on both sides of the web W, both sides of the web W should bear substantially the same nip impact force. In this connection, it can be ensured by means of the running path of the web W and the nip structure that along the running path of the web W, both sides of the web W are subjected to substantially equal nip impact forces in the calender nip. Thus, in the multi-roll calender 10 with the rolls of the five-roll sets 11 and 111 in the position shown in FIG. 2 , both the upper and lower sides of the web W are subjected to substantially Equal nip impact. In the web running path of FIG. 2 , the lower side A of the web W passes through the closed upper nip 1 on the side of the upper hot roller 13 to run in the first roller set 11 , and passes through the closed upper nip 1 on the side of the upper roller 121 . The nip 1' runs in the second roll set 111, the upper side Y of the web W passes through the closed upper nip 1 on the upper roll 12 side, runs in the first roll set 11, and passes through the hot roll 131 side The closed upper nip 1' runs in the second roll set 111, while the other nips 2, 3, 4 and 2', 3', 4' of the calender 10 are open. In this embodiment, in order to calender both sides Y, A of the web W in the multiroll calender 10, the upper side Y and the lower side A are guided to run through on the side of the thermo roll 13 in the first roll set 11. passes through a closed calender nip 1 and runs through a closed calender nip 1' on the side of the hot roll 121 in the second roll set 111 in which the web W The nip impact forces are balanced so that, as a final result, the nip impact forces received by the sides Y, A of the web W are substantially equal. The structure according to the invention also allows the upper side Y and the lower side A of the web W to be subjected to unequal nip impact forces.

Each nip has certain characteristics that affect calendering results, and not all nips are suitable for calendering of all fiber web grades. Thus, for example when calendering a certain web grade, soft rolls, such as especially polymer-coated upper rolls and polymer-coated lower rolls, impose limitations in terms of nip usability, from calendering results to From a point of view, the more important characteristics of the soft roll include: hardness, surface quality, heat resistance and load-bearing capacity. Likewise, the properties of hard rolls, such as heated rolls, such as surface quality and temperature, also influence the calendering result in the calender nip. Therefore, to calender a particular fiber web grade, only those nips that can calender that grade and produce the desired calendering results should be used. According to one application of the invention, an alternative nip which can produce the same calendering result can preferably be provided in the multi-roll calender 10 instead of the nip producing the specific calendering result, and for example when the above mentioned first Calendering can be continued in this alternative nip when the calendering results in the original nip are damaged or its use is impeded.

The structure of the multi-roll calender 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is such that by changing the nip structure for calendering according to the needs of fiber web grades, it can quickly perform grade changes without having to change The travel path of the fiber web W. The multiroll calender 10 according to the invention is advantageously suitable for use as a multistage calender, as will be described below with the aid of FIGS. The selected nip configuration carries out the calendering of the fiber web W. As shown in Figure 2, the first-stage fiber web W is calendered in the closed upper nip 1 of the first roller set 11, and calendered in the closed upper nip 1' of the second roller set 111, so that the web The upper side Y of W runs through the upper nip 1 of the first roll set 11 on the side of the upper roll 12, and runs through the upper nip 1' of the second roll set 111 on the side of the upper hot roll 131, and the web The underside A of W runs through the upper nip 1 of the first roll set 11 on the side of the upper hot roll 13 and through the upper nip 1' of the second set of rolls 111 on the side of the upper roll 121 . The closing and loading of the upper nips 1 and 1' is provided by loading the shells of the upper rolls 12 and 121 from the inside. The other nips 2, 3 and 4 and 2', 3' and 4' of the multi-roll calender 10 are all open in this nip configuration and do not take part in calendering. When it is desired to change the grade of the fibrous web W to be calendered, and thus the type of calendering, the upper nips 1 and 1' are opened and the fibrous web W of the second grade is in the lower nip of the first roll set 11 4 and the lower nip 4' of the second roller set 111 are calendered, as shown in FIG. And run through the lower nip 4' of the second roller group 111 on the side of the lower heat roller 151, and the lower side A of the web W passes through the lower nip 4 of the first roller group 11 on the lower heat roller 15 side, and Runs through the lower nip 4 ′ of the second roller set 111 on the side of the lower roller 161 . Closing and loading of the lower nips 4 and 4 ′ is provided by loading the shells of the lower rolls 16 and 161 from the inside and by locking mechanisms locking the support structure of the movable thermo rolls 15 and 151 . The other nips 1, 2 and 3 and 1', 2' and 3' of the calender 10 are open in this nip configuration and do not take part in calendering. For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the calendering parameters of the upper nip 1, 1' and the lower nip 4, 4' can be adjusted, that is, load, action time, humidity and temperature, etc., and can be selected according to the grade. The roll coating of the rolls in the above positions is used to achieve a specific level of calendering.

By adopting the above-mentioned structure, it is possible to bypass calendering obstacles caused by, for example, cracking of the roll coating. Thus, for example, when the polymer coating of the upper roll 12 running in the upper nip 1 of the first roll set 11 of the multi-roll calender 10 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is cracked or damaged, its surface quality When it becomes unsuitable for calendering, the nip configuration of the multi-roll calender 10 can be changed from that shown in Figure 2 to that shown in Figure 3 so that calendering can continue to produce the same grade Fiber web W.

Calendering with substantially equal calendering results on both sides can also be achieved in that the web W is guided completely around the roll set/sets, so that in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 , it is possible to Instead of the rolls of the first roll set 11 or the rolls of the second roll set 111 being bypassed, calendering can be performed in the second roll set 111 or in the first roll set 11 . The web W can be guided completely around the first roll set 11 and the web W can be calendered, for example, in the calendering nips 1' and 4' of the second roll set 111, which can replace the rolls in the first roll set 11 . Alternatively, the web W can be guided completely around the second roll set 111, and the web W can be calendered, for example, in the calendering nips 1 and 4 of the first roll set 11, which can replace the second roll set 111 roll. Calendering performed in only one roll set 11 or 111 of the multi-roll calender 10 may be caused by, for example, the coating of a certain grade of calender rolls from the roll set of this calender Delaminated, or due to a particular grade of calendering nip or roll coatings or other elements used in a particular nip, such as roll bearings or loading devices, so damaged that it cannot run through said nip according to set quality requirements to the extent of production. If the upper nip 1, 1' or the lower nip 2, 2' in this roll set is damaged, it is still possible to run production according to the set quality requirements. Alternatively, the web W can also be guided over one or more roller sets into a reeling device or another finishing device.

With the multi-roll calender 10 according to the invention, calendering with certain nips or 1+1 nips can be achieved even if the coating etc. of some rolls is damaged, e.g. matt calendering of coated paper . To achieve calendering with certain nips, it is possible to independently close at least one nip at a time both in the first roll set 11 and in the second roll set 111 and to change the size of the nip in the multi-roll calender 10 direction. Thus, for example, the fibrous web W can be guided through the lower nip 4 of the first roll set 11 in FIG. 1'.

By changing the path of travel, the fiber web W can advantageously be guided into the calender 10 along alternative paths that lead to the same or different calendering results. In this regard, for example, if the paper is double-sided, the web W travels on a different path than that used to normally run a particular grade. The web W can be introduced into the first roll set 11 so that it runs from top to bottom or from bottom to top and into the second roll set 111 so that it runs from top to bottom or from bottom to top, and/or The direction of the nip can be chosen, and the entire twin-roll multi-roll calender 10 can be arranged in such a way that the side processing of the web W can be carried out as required. According to one embodiment, the web W is introduced into the roller set 11 so that it runs from bottom to top and into the roller set 111 so that it runs from top to bottom. In that case, if it is desired to start calendering from the lower level and finish calendering and coiling on this lower level, the advantage is also a structural or layout improvement. According to an alternative illustrated embodiment, by guiding the web W as shown in Figures 2 and 3, calendering can start from an upper level and can end calendering and winding on this upper level. The uncoiling device and the coiling device also can be arranged on the upper horizontal plane and can also be arranged on the lower horizontal plane.

To form a multi-roll calender 10 intended for calendering of a fiber web W, sets of rolls placed one above the other and/or next to each other are provided, as shown for example in FIGS. 4 and 5 . The sets of rolls forming the multi-roll calender 10 are selected from these sets placed one above the other and/or adjacent to each other. Figure 4 shows by way of example three kinds of ways a), b) and c) to form a two-roll group multi-roll calender from the described roll group, and Fig. 5 shows three kinds by way of example Different ways a), b) and c) of forming a two-roll multi-roll calender from the roll set. In the multi-roll calender 10 according to one embodiment of the invention, there are two roll sets 11, 111, 112 and 113 which are placed one above the other and/or are arranged adjacent to each other, as shown in Fig. 4 and 5 example. In the multi-roll calender 10 shown in FIG. 4 , there are five rolls in the first roll set 11 and five rolls in the second roll set 111 , 112 , 113 . In the multi-roll calender 10 shown in FIG. 5 , there are three rolls in the first roll set 11 and five rolls in the second roll set 111 , 112 , 113 . In the multi-roll calender 10 of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the upper roll 12, 121, 122, 123 and the lower roll 16, 161, 162, 163 of each roll group 11, 111, 112, 113 are provided with deflection compensation device.

The two roll sets of the multi-roll calender 10 in the example of FIGS. 4 and 5 are: a) a first roll set 11 and a second roll set 111; b) a first roll set 11 and a second roll set 112; and c) a first roll set 11 and a second roll set 113 into which the web W can be guided to run from top to bottom or bottom to top in the roll set and/or the direction of the nip can be selected , and the entire double-roll multi-roll calender 10 can be set up in such a way that the sidedness of the web W can be performed as required.

In the foregoing, the invention has been described by way of example with reference to Figures 1-5 of the accompanying drawings. However, the invention is not restricted solely to the description of the figures, but several different embodiments of the invention may vary within the scope of the inventive concept defined by the appended claims.

Therefore, within the inventive concept, the roll group of the multi-roll calender includes five rolls and four nips, wherein the two nips can be controlled independently of each other when required, the closing, opening and closing of the nips The loading can also be set in such a way that the intermediate rolls can move freely within the distance defined by their supporting structure in the nip plane, that is, float. The intermediate rolls mentioned here refer to the upper rolls located in the calender 12 and the calender rolls 13, 14, 15 between the lower roll 16, while the upper roll 12 is fixedly supported on the roll frame, and the upper hot roll 13 is supported on the roll frame in a lockable and unlockable manner, thereby When the supporting structure of the upper thermal roller 13 is opened, the load in the roller set is generated by loading with the lower air cylinder 17 . On the other hand, this same calender can also lock the upper thermo roll 13 and the lower thermo roll 15 when operating in certain nips, in which case a loading device inside the housing of the upper roll 12 can be used The upper nip 1 is loaded, and the lower nip 4 can be loaded with the lower cylinder 17 or with a loading device inside the housing of the lower roll 16, the upper nip and the lower nip can be independent of each other in the manner described earlier in this specification control.

Figures 6 and 7 schematically show a calender 10 comprising a roll set comprising an upper roll 12, a lower roll 16 and three intermediate rolls arranged between the upper roll and the lower roll 13, 14, 15, like this, upper roll, lower roll and intermediate roll have just formed the calender roll 12-16 of calender 10. In this roll set, the central axes C of adjacent calender rolls 12, 13; 13, 14; 14, 15 and 15, 16 are parallel and perpendicular to the running direction of the web (not shown) in the transverse direction. In this connection, the calender rolls of the pair of calender rolls formed by the calender rolls 12-16 of the roll set define between them a nip N of the calender web, the pressure line or plane of which is parallel to the For the central axis C of the calender roll in the calender roll.

It should generally be emphasized that the number and/or orientation of the rolls or sets of rolls is not critical to the basic idea of the invention. Thus, the roll set can consist of roll assemblies with a different number of rolls, and the calender can comprise a different number of roll sets placed one above the other and/or next to each other. Also, it should be noted that the orientation of the roll sets can deviate from the vertical, and if the calender has several roll sets, the orientation of these roll sets can differ both from each other and from a horizontal machine perpendicular to a paper, pulp or other fiber machine A line of lines, the machine line is usually a transverse line parallel to the ground plane of the fiber machine site.

For the sake of simplicity, the embodiments of FIGS. 6-7 show only five calender rolls, so that the central axes C of all calender rolls 12-16 are placed in the same vertical plane, which vertically passes through the Nip N and center axis C of calender rolls 12-16. Of course, the linear shape of the pressure surface or line across the nip N is not necessary or important to the present invention, but the pressure surface or line of the nip may be formed relative to the Z-shape or A pressure surface or line inclined to a horizontal machine line.

Using the second variant of the invention, it is advantageous, although not essential, to have at least one calender roll in the roll set of the calender 10 which is supported or locked in a vertically immovable manner. The calender roll can be the lower roll 16, an optional intermediate roll 13-15 or the upper roll 12 of the roll set. It must be emphasized, however, that the second variant of the invention is equally applicable to a calender 10 in which roll sets all calender rolls are vertically movable.

In the following the second variant of the invention will be described with the aid of the embodiment of the lowest intermediate roller 15 of the roller set, which is supported immovably in the vertical direction by means of supporting and/or loading arms 31, 32 or Locked, wherein the lowest intermediate roll can form a roll pair with the intermediate roll 14 placed above it and with the lower roll 16 and thus form the nip N.

In general, according to the second solution of the invention, when the purpose is to adjust, optimize the load in at least one nip N of the roll set of the calender 10, and/or make it possible to open or close at least one nip, then let A pair of calender rolls is provided with a nip load adjusting and/or locking structure 20 which acts on the calender rolls 12- 16 between the bearing box 9, the bearing box bracket, the support and/or the loading arms 31,32. In this connection it should be pointed out that at least one roller of said pair of calender rollers is vertically movable in its position, i.e. it is supported by support and/or loading arms 31, 32 which move in a lever-like manner .

To move the calender rolls of a pair of calender rolls vertically relative to each other:

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 is provided at the end of the calender rolls 12-16 of the calender roll pairs 12, 13; 13, 14; 14, 15; 15, 16. Between the bearing box 9 or the bearing box bracket;

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 is arranged on the calender roll 12-16 of the calender roll pair 12, 13; 13, 14; 14, 15; 15, 16 between the support and/or loading arms 31, 32; and

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 is arranged between the chocks 9 or chock supports of the calender rolls 14 and 15 of the calender roll pair 14 , 15 .

To move the support and/or loading arms 31, 32, they can be supported on the frame (not shown) of the calender 10 so that they can rotate about their pivot point so that the calender rolls can be opposed to each other. Move to adjust or optimize nip load or open nip N or close it. In vertically moving the calender rolls, a slide plate provided on the frame (not shown) of the calender 10 may be used, and the bearing housing or bearing housing support may be slid along the slide plate.

According to the invention, by means of such a device for the calender 10 an improved and individual regulation or limitation of the load in the nip N located between the calender rolls of the normally selectable pair of calender rolls can be obtained between. Furthermore, the invention allows the nip of the calender 10 and/or the nip between two calender rolls to be quickly opened or locked.

Reference to the embodiment is given based on the example shown in FIG. 6 . The load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N comprises a pair of nip load adjustment and/or locking elements 101, 102 which act on the calender roll pairs 12, 13; 13, 14; 14, 15 of the roll set ; 15,16, while placing the calender rolls in the calender rolls 12-16 between the bearing box 9 or the bearing box support. In this regard, by loading the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20, the calender rolls of a calender roll pair can be moved relative to each other to individually increase/decrease the load on the nip N and open/close the nip contact.

Since the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N is placed between the chocks 9 or chock supports of the calender rolls, it can be changed individually by means of the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N The spacing between the calender rolls in combination with the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N, whereby it is possible to limit the load on the nip or to open the nip. In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the nip N in the pair of calender rolls 15, 16 has been opened using the nip load adjustment and/or locking arrangement according to the invention.

See Figure 6a which shows an enlarged view of a detail of the embodiment shown in Figure 6 . The load adjusting and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N comprises a pair of nip load adjusting and/or locking elements 101, 102 acting between the bearing housings 9 or bearing housing supports of the calender rolls of the calender roll pair. In this embodiment, the load regulating and/or locking elements 101 , 102 of the nip N generally comprise a load shoe 101 , which coincides with a mating surface 102 . As a result of the movement of at least one calender roll of a calender roll pair by means of the support and/or loading arms 31 , 32 which move in a lever-like manner, the mating surfaces 102 of the loading shoes 101 can be moved relative to each other. The magnitude of this relative movement depends on the length of the support and/or loading arms 31,32. In order to compensate for this relative movement and to ensure that the load bearings 101 bear against each other, the mating surfaces 102 are formed such that one mating surface 102 is convex, most advantageously a convex spherical surface, and the other mating surface 102 is concave, most advantageously concave spherical surface.

Advantageously, the drive of the nip load adjusting and/or locking structure 20 for loading and/or moving the nip load adjusting and/or locking element 101 is a hydraulic, pneumatic, electromechanical and/or mechanical drive or other available etc. Driven by effect. Among them, hydraulic power cylinder, pneumatic power cylinder, electric motor, manual can be given as some suitable driving examples.

In a first embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the load regulating and/or locking elements 101, 102 of the loading nip N generate a thrust between the calender rolls of a calender roll pair for reducing Small nip load, and separation of calender rolls in calender roll pairs from nip contact when required. By loading the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20, the calender rolls of a calender roll pair can be moved relative to each other to individually increase/decrease the nip load, or open/close the nip contact.

Reference to the embodiment is given based on the example shown in FIG. 7 . In this second embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, a load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N is provided for each pair of calender rolls 12, 13; 13, 14 in the set of rolls of the calender 10 ; 14,15; 15,16 between the support and/or loading arms 31,32 of the calender rolls 12-16. In this second embodiment, each calender roll in the upper set is free to move. Optionally, one calender roll in a pair of calender rolls can be supported or locked against movement in the vertical direction, which means that the application of nip load adjustment and/or locking structures in this set of calender roll pairs is The nip load of adjacent pairs of calender rolls placed below and/or above has no effect.

In the embodiment of Figure 7, the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N comprises a hydraulically powered or supporting element 103 acting on the support of the calender rolls 12-16 of the calender roll pair of the roll set And/or between the loading arms 31,32. The hydraulic power or support element itself is a hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or electromechanical power, or support element 103, which is connected between the support and/or loading arms 31, 32 of the pair of calender rolls, and Power can be transmitted between the calender rolls of the pair of calender rolls by means of this element. As an example of a more suitable power or supporting element 103, it may be a hydraulic power cylinder, a pneumatic power cylinder, an electric motor, a manual device, a distance measuring device, and the like.

In this way it is possible to adjust the nip load and/or to open and close the nip between the calender rolls. Such support or power means 103 according to the second embodiment of the second aspect of the invention make it possible to generate thrust or pull between the calender rolls, wherein said thrust is used to reduce the nip load or even to The calender rolls are separated from each other and the tension is used to increase the nip load and bring the calender rolls separated from nip contact back into nip contact. By loading the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20, the calender rolls of the pair can be moved relative to each other to individually increase/decrease the nip load, or open/close the nip contact.

In order to adjust the load on the nip N individually, the support and/or loading arms 31, 32 of the calender rolls 12-16 comprise two parts 221, 223, such that in each support and/or loading arm the first arm part 221 and An articulated joint 222 is provided between the second arm parts 223 . The second arm part 223 is connected to the bearing box 9 or the bearing box support of the calender roll.

Since the load adjusting and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N is interposed between the second arms 223 of the support and/or loading arms 31, 32, it is possible by means of the load adjusting and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N to make The angle between the arm parts 223 in combination with the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N is changed so that both the support and/or load arms 31, 32 can be stiffened by means of the intermediate articulation joint 222, and the It is possible to adjust or limit the nip load or open the nip. In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the nip N in the pair of calender rolls 15, 16 has been opened using the nip load adjustment and/or locking arrangement according to the invention.

Reference to the embodiment is given based on the example shown in FIG. 8 . In this third embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N is provided in the bearing housings at the ends of the calender rolls in the calender roll pair 14, 15 in the roll set 9 or between the bearing box supports, the calender rolls can move under the support of the bearing boxes or bearing box supports. In this connection, the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N acts on the bearing housing 9 or bearing housing support of the calender rolls 14, 15 of the calender roll pair. At least one of the calender rolls in a calender roll pair 14, 15 is supported vertically movable so that the load adjustment and/or locking structure of the nip N is applied, i.e. Movement in the direction of the line of the central axis of 14, 15 will not affect the position of the calender rolls which have been supported immovably, but the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 can adjust the position of the calender rolls 14, 15. The load of the nip between them and the distance between the two calender rolls, and the nip N between the pair of calender rolls 14, 15 can be opened or closed.

In the embodiment of Figure 8, the nip load adjustment and/or locking arrangement 20 comprises a wedge element 104 acting on the bearing housing 9 or bearing housing support of the calender roll of the calender roll pair, which also Can be fully equivalent to spherical elements. Particularly advantageously, the nip load adjusting and/or locking element 104 according to the embodiment of FIG. Below the chocks or chock supports of the intermediate rolls 14 and 15, this element can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the pressure line or nip line of the vertical roll set of the calender 10 by means of a power unit. Via the moving element 104 it is possible on the one hand to move the calender rolls 14, 15 away from each other, i.e. to open the nip or reduce the nip load, or on the other hand to move the calender rolls 14, 15 towards each other, i.e. to increase the nip load Or make the calender roller move normally.

In relation to the present invention, it should also generally be stated that the load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 of the nip N according to the second aspect of the present invention is generally used to lock a set of selectable roll pairs/groups of selectable roll pairs Vertical position of the calender rolls 12-16 in a roll pair 12, 13; 13, 14; 14, 15; 15, 16 relative to each other and relative to the other calender rolls. In that case, any selectable nip N may remain open, however the tail of the web may be threaded or the web may pass through all nips N. Likewise, in the in-line operation of the calender 10, the nip N can be opened if the casing of the calender rolls is damaged or if the quality of the fiber web has to be changed during processing (ie in-line operation). In this regard, when the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 according to the present invention is not used, i.e. it is in a non-operating state, the nip N is closed, its load can be adjusted conventionally, and when according to the present invention When the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure 20 is in use, that is, it acts between the bearing box 9 and the bearing box support of the calender roll, or acts on the support and/or loading arm 31, 32, the nip N is not closed or the load of the nip N cannot exceed a specific limit value, but the pressure is transmitted to the adjacent roll through the loading and/or support arms 31, 32 or through the bearing housing 9.

The present invention can also keep different numbers of different nips closed according to needs, and form different running paths of the web.

The foregoing has only described the invention by means of some embodiments which are considered to be advantageous. But this is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, as those skilled in the art can clearly know, within the concept scope of the present invention, and within the scope of protection in the appended claims, many optional structures and modifications are possible. Therefore, the nip load adjustment and/or locking structure according to the second aspect of the present invention may be provided between roll sets of a calender 10 comprising two roll sets. In this case, the separate roll sets may be combined to form one roll set when necessary. An advantageous embodiment is, for example, that the nip load adjustment and/or locking arrangement 20 is provided in a pair of rolls whose calender rolls are supported to be movable relative to each other along slides, and/or Or supported by support and/or loading arms 31, 32 that move in a lever-like manner, and the upper calender roll of the pair is the lower roll of the upper set, and the lower calender roll is the upper roll of the lower set roll. The nip load adjustment and/or locking device according to the invention also makes it possible to modify the roll set configuration of a calender comprising one roll set to a roll set structure comprising several roll sets without any problems.

Claims (25)

1, a kind of multiroll calender (10), it comprises that one places on the another one and/or a plurality of roller groups (11) of setting adjacent one another are, at least one roller group in the described roller group comprises at least three rollers, and another roller group at least in the described roller group comprises at least four rollers, thereby form at least one middle nip (2,3), make some middle nip to open by means of relief mechanism, and in this multiroll calender, top roll (12) and lower roll (16) in each roller group (11) all are provided with flexibility compensating device, and at least one hot-rolling is fixedly supported on maybe and can be locked on the roller frame with opening, and described roller group (11,111) roller in can move in the nip, contact with each other, in order to calendering fiber web (W) in the nip of closure, it is characterized in that, with top roll (12,121,122,123) the right last hot-rolling (13,131,132 of position roll, 133) be fixedly supported on maybe and can be locked on the roller frame with opening, be fixed and supported or during locking the closure of last nip (1,1 ') when going up hot-rolling like this, opening and loading is to load by the housing of giving this top roll from the inboard to be provided with, thereby when the locking of hot-rolling on this or supporting construction are opened, should go up the closure of nip (1,1 '), open and load by give this lower roll (16,161 from the inboard, 162,163) or the housing of this lower roll load and be provided with, and, selectively descend nip (4,4 ') closure, open and loading is by giving this lower roll (16,161,162,163) and/or the housing of this lower roll load and be provided with.

2, multiroll calender according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, with this top roll (12,121,122, what 123) position roll was right should go up hot-rolling (13,131,132,133) be fixedly supported on this roller frame, should go up nip (1,1 ') closure, open and loading is by give this top roll (12,121,122 from the inboard, 123) housing loads and is provided with, the closure of this time nip (4,4 '), open and loading is by give this lower roll (16,161 from the inboard, 162,163) housing loads and is provided with.

3, multiroll calender according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, this roller group (11,111,112,113) have at least four rollers, with this lower roll (16,161,162,163) the right following hot-rolling (15,151 of position roll, 152,153) be provided with supporting construction, this supporting construction is connected with this roller frame and can moves up and down, and its distance that moves downward can be limited, and this supporting construction comprises closure or the locking mechanism of opening, when it is closed in order to this supporting construction is locked on the fixed position.

4, multiroll calender according to claim 3 is characterized in that, for closed and load this time nip (4,4 '), and for make be positioned on this time nip (4,4 ') and be positioned at each middle nip under the nip on this (1,1 ') (2,2 '; 3,3 ') remain and open, this time hot-rolling (15,151,152,153) right with this lower roll (16,161,162,163) position roll is locked on the fixed position.

5, according to each described multiroll calender in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the closure of nip on this (1,1 ') and open and load level can be by independent control.

6, according to each described multiroll calender in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that the closure of this time nip (4,4 ') and open and load level can be by independent control.

7, according to each described multiroll calender in the claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that, be positioned on this time nip (4,4 ') and be positioned at each middle nip under the nip on this (1,1 ') (2,2 '; 3,3 ') closure can load by the housing of giving this lower roll (16,161,162,163) from the inboard and be provided with.

8, multiroll calender according to claim 7 is characterized in that, is positioned at intermediate calender rolls (14,141,142,143) on this time hot-rolling (15,151,152,153) and is provided with and is connected on this roller frame and the supporting construction that can move up and down.

9, multiroll calender according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the distance that moves downward that is positioned at the supporting construction of the intermediate calender rolls (14,141,142,143) on this time hot-rolling (15,151,152,153) is configured to be restricted.

10, according to each described multiroll calender in the claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that, be positioned on this time nip (4,4 ') and be positioned at each middle nip under the nip on this (1,1 ') (2,2 '; 3,3 ') load can load by the housing of giving this lower roll (16,161,162,163) from the inboard and be provided with.

11, according to each described multiroll calender in the claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that, for by means of this lower roll (16,161,162,163) come closure and loading to be positioned at this time nip (4,4 ') on and be positioned at each middle nip under the nip on this (1,1 ') (2,2 '; 3,3 '), the locking mechanism of the supporting construction of the following hot-rolling right with this lower roll position roll (15,151,152,153) is opened.

According to each described multiroll calender in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that 12, hot-rolling on this (13,131,132,133) is provided with the supporting construction that is connected and can moves up and down with this roller frame.

According to each described multiroll calender in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that 13, this top roll (12,121,122,123) is the polymer roll that is coated with elastic coating.

According to each described multiroll calender in the claim 1 to 13, it is characterized in that 14, this lower roll (16,161,162,163) is the polymer roll that is coated with elastic coating.

15, a kind of nip Load Regulation and/or latch-up structure, it is used for a pair of calender roll (12,13 of the roller group of multiroll calender; 13,14; 14,15; 15,16) and be used for this to the nip between the calender roll (N), this roller group (12-16) comprises, top roll (12) and lower roll (16) as calender roll, in these two rollers at least one is provided with elastic coating and is used as the backing roll of hard optical surface pressure roller, and at least one intermediate calender rolls (13 between this top roll and this lower roll, 14,15), in this roller group, the central shaft of described calender roll (C) all is parallel, and at the traffic direction of horizontal direction perpendicular to breadth, makes the nip that has this breadth of calendering between the adjacent calender roll that forms a pair of calender roll, the pressure line of this nip or pressure face are parallel to this central shaft to the described calender roll in the calender roll, it is characterized in that, in order to regulate at least one pair of calender roll (12,13 in this roller group; 13,14; 14,15; 15, the load of this nip (N) 16), to open described nip or to lock it in open position, this is provided with nip Load Regulation and/or latch-up structure (20) to calender roll, this structure function is between the bearing housing (9) or bearing housing support and/or loading and/or support arm (31,32) of calender roll.

16, nip Load Regulation according to claim 15 and/or latch-up structure, it is characterized in that, Load Regulation of this nip (N) and/or latch-up structure (20) comprise a pair of nip Load Regulation and locking device (101,102), and this device acts on a pair of calender roll (12,13; 13,14; 14,15; Between the bearing housing (9) or bearing housing support of the calender roll 15,16) (12-16).

17, nip Load Regulation according to claim 16 and/or latch-up structure, it is characterized in that, Load Regulation of this nip (N) and locking member all comprise can be by means of the loading bearing (101) of power set motions, thereby the mating surface (102) of described loading bearing positioned opposite to each other forms each other and conforms to.

18, nip Load Regulation according to claim 17 and/or latch-up structure is characterized in that, a mating surface in the described mating surface (102) is a convex surface, be protruding sphere advantageously, and another mating surface is a concave surface, advantageously is concave spherical surface.

19, nip Load Regulation according to claim 15 and/or latch-up structure, it is characterized in that, Load Regulation of this nip (N) and/or latch-up structure (20) comprise nip Load Regulation and/or locking member (103), and this element acts on a pair of calender roll (12,13; 13,14; 14,15; 15, the support of the calender roll 16) (12-16) or loading arm (31,32) between, and the one end is connected in this support or loading arm to a calender roll in the calender roll, and its other end is connected in this support or loading arm to another calender roll in the calender roll.

20, nip Load Regulation according to claim 19 and/or latch-up structure is characterized in that, this nip Load Regulation and/or locking member (103) itself are exactly power set.

21, nip Load Regulation according to claim 15 and/or latch-up structure, it is characterized in that, Load Regulation of this nip (N) and/or latch-up structure (20) comprise nip Load Regulation and/or locking member (104), and this element acts on a pair of calender roll (12,13; 13,14; 14,15; Between bearing housing of the calender roll 15,16) (9) or the bearing housing support.

22, nip Load Regulation according to claim 21 and/or latch-up structure is characterized in that, this nip Load Regulation and/or locking member (104) are wedge shape or ball type device, its can by means of power set perpendicular to this roller to (12,13; 13,14; 14,15; Move on the direction of central shaft 15,16) (C).

23, according to each described nip Load Regulation and/or latch-up structure in the claim 15 to 22, it is characterized in that, be hydraulic pressure, pneumatic, electronic and/or dynamo-electric driving with the driving that combine or that form the power set of this nip Load Regulation and/or latch-up structure of this nip Load Regulation and/or latch-up structure.

24, according to each described nip Load Regulation and/or latch-up structure in the claim 15 to 23, it is characterized in that, the increase of the load of Load Regulation of this nip (N) and/or latch-up structure (20) has and reduces or increase the load in this nip or the effect of line pressure, and the load of Load Regulation of this nip (N) and/or latch-up structure (20) reduce have the effect that increases the load in this nip.

25, nip Load Regulation according to claim 24 and/or latch-up structure is characterized in that, reducing or increase the load in this nip or the effect of line pressure is in the scope of 0 ± 50Mpa.

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