CN1700285B - 电子电路、电光装置、电子装置以及电子设备 - Google Patents
电子电路、电光装置、电子装置以及电子设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种电子电路,包括:具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的第一沟道区的第一晶体管;以及具有第三端、第四端和形成在第三端和第四端之间的第二沟道区的第二晶体管。在该电子电路中,第一晶体管的栅极电压可以基于在第一步骤期间从第一端流向第二端的编程电流,在第二步骤期间再现电流从第二端流向第一端,以及再现电流的电流电平对应于在第一步骤期间确定的栅极电压。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及能够应用于像素电路和读出(sensing)电路的电子电路、诸如电光装置和检测装置的电子装置,以及电子设备。
背景技术
近来,人们对具有诸如有机电致发光(EL)元件的电光元件的电光装置产生了兴趣,因为其优越之处在低功耗、宽视角和更高的对比度。晶体管常常用于驱动这种电光元件。晶体管特性的变化或改变对电光元件的性能具有较大影响。补偿或减小该变化或改变是提高电子装置的性能的重要主题。
发明内容
本发明涉及的一种电子电路可以包括:具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的第一沟道区的第一晶体管;以及具有第三端、第四端和形成在第三端和第四端之间的第二沟道区的第二晶体管。可以根据在第一步骤期间从第一端流向第二端的编程电流来确定第一晶体管的栅极电压。再现电流从第二端流向第一端,并且再现电流的电流电平对应于根据编程电流确定的栅极电压。在该电子电路中,编程电流可以通过第四端和第一端、从第三端流向第二端。
本发明涉及的一种电子电路可以包括:具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的第一沟道区的第一晶体管;具有第三端、第四端和形成在第三端和第四端之间的第二沟道区的第二晶体管;以及具有第五端、第六端和形成在第五端和第六端之间的第三沟道区的第三晶体管。可以根据在第一步骤期间从第五端流向第六端的编程电流来确定第一晶体管的栅极电压。在第二步骤期间从第二端流向第一端的再现电流的电流电平对应于根据编程电流确定的第一晶体管的栅极电压。在第一步骤期间,该电子电路的第五端的电势可以等于或大于第六端的电势。
第二电子电路的第三晶体管的栅极可以耦合到第五端和第六端之一。
该电子电路可以进一步包括具有第一电极和第二电极的电容器。该电容器的第一电极可以耦合到第一晶体管的栅极。该电容器的第二电极可以耦合到第一端和第二端之一。
至少在除第二步骤之外的期间,第一端的电势可以等于或大于第二端的电势。
在第二步骤期间,第六端的电势可以等于或大于第五端的电势。
本发明涉及的一种电子电路可以包括:具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的第一沟道区的第一晶体管;具有第三端、第四端和形成在第三和第四端之间的第二沟道区的第二晶体管;以及具有第五端、第六端和形成在第五端和第六端之间的第三沟道区的第三晶体管。可以根据在第一步骤期间从第五端流向第六端的编程电流来确定第一晶体管的栅极电压,在用于抑制第一晶体管的阈值电压变化的第一步骤至少一部分期间,反向偏置电流从第一端流向第二端,在第二步骤期间再现电流从第二端流向第一端,再现电流的电流电平对应于根据编程电流确定的栅极电压,以及在第二步骤期间第一端的电势等于或小于第二端的电势。这些电子电路可以用作可应用于诸如电光装置和检测装置的电子装置的电子电路。
本发明的一种电光装置可以包括:多条数据线,多条扫描线,多条电源电压线,以及多个像素电路。该多个像素电路的每一个可进一步包括:具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的沟道区的驱动晶体管;电光元件;以及开关晶体管,该开关晶体管受来自于多条扫描线之一的扫描信号控制。驱动晶体管的栅极电压基于,在第一步骤期间在多条数据线之一和多条电源电压线之一之间流动的数据电流。驱动电压和驱动电流中的至少之一被提供给电光元件。驱动电压的电压电平和驱动电流的电流电平对应于栅极电压。在第一步骤的至少一部分期间,反向偏置电流从第一端流向第二端,并且在第二步骤的至少一部分期间,正向偏置电流从第二端流向第一端。另外,该多个像素电路的每一个都可包括用于补偿驱动晶体管特性的补偿晶体管,并且数据电流流过该补偿晶体管。
本发明的一种电光装置可以包括:多条数据线,多条扫描线,多条电源电压线,以及多个像素电路,该多个像素电路的每一个进一步包括:具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的沟道区的驱动晶体管;电光元件;以及开关晶体管,该开关晶体管受来自于多条扫描线之一的扫描信号控制。栅极电压基于,在第一步骤期间在多条数据线之一和多条电源电压线之一之间流动的数据电流。在第二步骤期间驱动电流被提供给电光元件。驱动电流的电流电平对应于栅极电压。驱动电流从第二端流向第一端,并且在第一步骤期间数据电流从第一端流向第二端。
本发明的电子装置可以包括上述的电子电路。
本发明的电子设备可以包括上述的电光装置。
术语“对应”不仅仅表示编程电流或数据电流的电流电平等于再现电流或驱动电流的电流电平。除编程电流或数据电流的电流电平之外,可以考虑再现电流或驱动电流的电流电平确定的是什么。与耦合到驱动晶体管的栅极的电容器相联系的电容耦合是除诸如编程电流的数据信号以外的、用于确定驱动晶体管的栅极电压的因素的例子。
要在以下描述的如图1所示的电子电路具有位于驱动晶体管T2的栅极与驱动晶体管T2的源极和漏极之一之间的电容器C1。因为与电容器C1相联系的电容耦合,即使在再现步骤期间,驱动晶体管T2的栅极电压也可受作为被驱元件的有机电致发光元件OEL和驱动晶体管T2之间的节点N的电势影响。
附图说明
将参考其中相同附图标记表示相同元件的附图来描述本发明,其中:
图1显示了第一实施例的像素电路以及在编程期间的操作;
图2显示了第一实施例的像素电路以及在再现期间的操作;
图3显示了第二实施例的像素电路以及在编程期间的操作;
图4显示了第二实施例的像素电路以及在再现期间的操作;以及
图5显示了可应用本发明的电子电路的有机EL装置。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及的电子电路可应用于各种电子装置。诸如电致发光(EL)装置、液晶装置和电泳装置的电光装置以及用于微量分析或读出(sensing)的检测装置是可以应用这些电子电路的例子。以下,将描述可应用于有机电致发光装置的几种电路,作为优选的例子。也应该理解,这些电子电路也可应用于硅基晶体管电路、多晶硅薄膜晶体管(TFT)和非晶硅TFT。
图1显示了本发明第一实施例涉及的像素电路。如图1所示,该像素电路可以包括三个晶体管T1、T2和T3、电容器C1、以及有机EL元件(OEL)。晶体管T1的栅极耦合到扫描线,并且作为开关晶体管来操作。可以从扫描线向晶体管T1的栅极提供扫描信号。当使晶体管T1变为导通状态的扫描信号被提供给晶体管T1的栅极时,晶体管T1处于导通状态。晶体管T2是驱动晶体管,其导电状态确定被提供给OEL的驱动电流的电流电平。晶体管T3是用于补偿晶体管T2的特性的晶体管。晶体管T3的栅极耦合到晶体管T3的一端,如晶体管T3的源极或漏极。在该实施例中。所有的晶体管T1、T2和T3都是n沟道型晶体管。
如图1所示,电容器C1位于晶体管T2的栅极与T2的源极和漏极之一之间。组成C1的电极之一耦合到T2的栅极,而另一个电极耦合道T2与OEL之间的节点N。作为电容器C1的该配置的结果,晶体管T2的栅极电压受节点N的电势影响。尤其是,在以下更详细描述的编程和再现步骤中,晶体管T2的栅极电压与源极电压之差都可以保持恒定。
在该实施例中,至少有两个用于驱动该像素电路的步骤。一个步骤是编程步骤,在该编程步骤期间或通过该编程步骤,来确定T2的栅极电压。第二个步骤是再现步骤,在该再现步骤期间将驱动电流通过晶体管T2提供给OEL。
如图1所示,在编程步骤期间,编程电流Ip通过晶体管T1和T3在数据线与电源电压线之间流动。在该实施例中,编程电流Ip从数据线流向电源电压线。希望至少在编程步骤的至少一部分期间电源电压线的电势等于或小于OEL的反电极Ca的电势,即Vss或低于Vss。依据通过晶体管T1和T3在数据线与电源电压线之间流动的电流Ip,来确定晶体管T2的栅极电压。希望在编程步骤的至少一部分期间,位于OEL的相对侧的晶体管T2一端的电势等于Vss或低于Vss。换句话说,设置晶体管T2该端的电势,使得在编程步骤期间流过晶体管T2的电流方向与在再现期间流过晶体管T2的电流方向相反。在再现步骤与再现步骤之间改变电流方向可以抑制晶体管T2的阈值电压的漂移或OEL的恶化。
如图2所示,在再现步骤期间,在通过Ip确定晶体管T2的栅极电压之后,断开晶体管T1以便使晶体管T3的栅极与数据线电分开,并将电源电压线的电势改变为Vdd。在该实施例中,Vdd高于Vss。通过从Vss上升到Vdd,使晶体管T3自动断开,以便使晶体管T3的栅极与电源电压线电分开。具有依据通过Ip确定的栅极电压的电流电平的驱动电流Ir通过晶体管T2在电源电压线和Ca之间流动。在该实施例中,Ir从电源电压线流向Ca。
在整个编程步骤和再现步骤期间,位于晶体管T2与OEL之间的节点N的电势不总是恒定的,而是通常取决于流过晶体管T2的Ir的电流电平。由此,在电流Ip与Ir之间经常出现不一致。电容器C1被布置在节点N与T2的栅极之间,使得栅极电压能够跟随节点N的电势变化。如果再现步骤期间的节点N的电势变得高于编程步骤期间的节点N的电势,则在再现步骤期间可以通过电容器C1的电容耦合来升高通过提供编程电流确定的栅极电压,以便减小电流Ip与Ir之间的不一致程度。
图3显示了本发明涉及的示范性像素电路。该像素电路具有三个晶体管T4、T5和T6、电容器C1、以及OEL。晶体管T4操作为开关晶体管,其栅极由扫描线提供扫描信号。当使晶体管T4变为导通状态的扫描信号被提供给晶体管T4的栅极时,晶体管T4变为导通状态。晶体管T5是驱动晶体管,其导电状态确定被提供给OEL的驱动电流的电流电平。晶体管T6是控制节点N与晶体管T5的栅极之间的电连接的晶体管。节点N位于晶体管T5和OEL之间。电容器C1被布置在晶体管T5的栅极和第二电源电压线之间。组成电容器C1的电极之一耦合到晶体管T5的栅极,而另一个电极耦合到第二电压。
至少有两个用于驱动该像素电路的步骤。第一个步骤是编程步骤,在该编程步骤期间或通过该编程步骤、来确定T5的栅极电压。第二个步骤是再现步骤,在该再现步骤期间将驱动电流通过晶体管T5提供给OEL。
在编程步骤期间,编程电流Ip通过晶体管T4、T6和T5在数据线和第一电源电压线之间流动。在该实施例中,编程电流Ip从数据线流向第一电源电压线。希望第一电源电压线的电势等于或小于OEL的反电极Ca的电势,即Vss或低于Vss。依据通过晶体管T4、T6和T5在数据线和第一电源电压线之间流动的编程电流Ip,来确定晶体管T5的栅极电压。希望位于OEL的相对侧的晶体管T5一端的电势等于Vss或低于Vss。换句话说,这样设置晶体管T5的该端的电势,使得在编程步骤期间流过晶体管T5的电流Ip的方向与在再现期间流过晶体管T5的电流Ir(图4)的方向相反。作为在编程步骤与再现步骤之间改变方向的结果,可以抑制晶体管T5的阈值电压漂移或OEL的恶化。
在通过编程电流Ip确定栅极电压之后,在再现步骤期间,断开晶体管T4、以便使晶体管T5的栅极与数据线电分开,并将第一电源电压线的电势改变为Vdd,如图4所示。在该实施例中,Vdd高于Vss。通过从Vss上升到Vdd,具有依据通过Ip确定的栅极电压的电流电平的驱动电流Ir通过晶体管T5在第一电源电压线和OEL的反电极Ca之间流动。在该实施例中,Ir从第一电源电压线流向Ca。
因为流过驱动晶体管T2和T5的编程电流的方向不同于流过驱动晶体管T2和T5的驱动电流的方向,如上所述,因此可以抑制驱动晶体管T2和T5的阈值电压漂移或恶化。此外,因为反向偏置电流可以用作编程电流,如上所述,因此能够获得时间或一帧的有效利用。因此,以上说明的任一电子电路都尤其适用于包括非晶硅晶体管的电子电路,该非晶硅晶体管展示出大的阈值电压漂移、并且通常需要某种手段(means)来抑制大阈值电压漂移。
以上说明的每一个电子电路都可应用于电光装置的像素电路。图5显示了有机EL装置10,作为在像素区11中具有像素电路20的示例电光装置。在此,以上说明的任一电子电路都可以用作像素电路20。有机EL装置10也具有数据线驱动电路12、扫描线驱动电路13、输入控制电路14、以及电源电压线驱动控制电路15,以便驱动像素电路20。可以将像素电路20以及数据线驱动电路12、扫描线驱动电路13、输入控制电路14和电源电压线控制电路15中的一个或两个电路实施在一个衬底上。作为选择,可以将数据线驱动电路12、扫描线驱动电路13、输入控制电路14、电源电压线控制电路15和像素电路20全部都实施在一个衬底上。典型地,可以将像素电路20以及扫描线驱动电路13和电源电压线控制电路15中的至少之一实施在一个衬底上。最优地,可以将像素电路20、扫描线驱动电路13和电源电压线控制电路15实施在一个衬底上。
输入控制电路14接收控制信号CS,并产生用于控制扫描线驱动电路13的扫描线驱动电路控制信号SS、用于控制数据线驱动电路12的数据线驱动电路控制信号DS、以及用于控制电源电压线控制电路15的电源电压线控制电路控制信号VS。扫描线驱动电路13接收扫描线驱动电路控制信号SS,并将扫描信号通过扫描线Y1-Yn(n为大于1的自然数)提供给像素电路20。数据线驱动电路12接收数据线驱动电路控制信号DS,并将编程电流Ip(或数据电流)通过数据线X1-Xm(m为大于1的自然数)提供给像素电路20。数据线驱动电路控制信号DS可以包括用于产生编程电流Ip的电压信号。电源电压线控制电路15接收电源电压线控制电路控制信号VS,并控制在与数据线X1-Xm的延伸方向横断的方向或基本上与扫描线Y1-Yn的延伸方向平行的方向上延伸的电源电压线V1-Vn的每一个的电势。典型地,像素电路20可以由包括至少两个步骤的驱动方法来驱动。可以这样根据每一步骤来设置每个电源电压线的电势,以致流过像素电路20的编程电流Ip的方向不同于流过OEL的驱动电流的方向。电源电压线V1-Vn中的每一个都可以包括第一电源电压线和第二电源电压线,如图3和4所示。可以将第一电源电压线和第二电源电压线之一设置为恒压。
有机EL装置10可以用作诸如计算机、蜂窝电话和电视机的各种电子设备的显示单元。有机EL装置10也可以用作打印机头。
虽然连同本发明的特定实施例描述了本发明,但是显然,许多替换、更改和变化对本领域技术人员将是显而易见的。因此,如在此陈述的本发明优选实施例仅是说明性的、而非限制性的。在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以进行改变。
Claims (19)
1.一种电子电路,包括:
具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的第一沟道区的第一晶体管;
具有第三端、第四端和形成在第三端和第四端之间的第二沟道区的第二晶体管;以及
被驱动元件;
其中,所述电子电路通过编程步骤和再现步骤来驱动,
在编程步骤期间确定第一晶体管的栅极电压,
在再现步骤期间通过第一晶体管向被驱动元件提供驱动电流;以及
在编程步骤的至少一部分期间流过第一晶体管的第一电流的方向与在再现步骤的至少一部分期间流过第一晶体管的第二电流的方向相反。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电子电路,
第二电流的电流电平对应于第一晶体管的栅极电压。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电子电路,
第一电流通过第四端和第一端从第三端流向第二端。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电子电路,
第一晶体管的栅极电压是根据第一电流的电流电平来确定的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的电子电路,
第二电流从第二端流向第一端。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电子电路,进一步包括:
具有第五端、第六端和形成在第五端和第六端之间的第三沟道区的第三晶体管;
在编程步骤的至少一部分期间,第一电流从第五端流向第六端。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电子电路,进一步包括:
具有第一电极和第二电极的电容器,并且第一电极耦合到第一晶体管的栅极。
8.根据权利要求6所述的电子电路,
第二电极耦合到第一端和第二端之一。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电子电路,
第二电流通过第一端从第二端流向被驱动元件。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电子电路,
第一电流从第一端和被驱动元件之间的节点流向第二端。
11.根据权利要求1所述的电子电路,
第一电流抑制第一晶体管的阈值电压变化。
12.一种电光装置,包括:
多条数据线;
多条扫描线,与该多条数据线交叉;
多条电源电压线;
多个像素电路,该多个像素电路的每一个都包括:
具有第一端、第二端和形成在第一端和第二端之间的沟道区的驱动晶体管;
电光元件;以及
开关晶体管,该开关晶体管受来自于多条扫描线之一的扫描信号控制;
其中,每一个像素电路通过编程步骤和再现步骤来驱动,
在编程步骤期间确定驱动晶体管的栅极电压,
在再现步骤期间通过驱动晶体管向电光元件提供驱动电流;以及
在编程步骤的至少一部分期间流过该驱动晶体管的第一电流的方向与在再现步骤的至少一部分期间流过该驱动晶体管的第二电流的方向相反。
13.根据权利要求12所述的电光装置,
第二电流的电流电平对应于第一晶体管的栅极电压。
14.根据权利要求12所述的电光装置,
第二电流通过第二端从多条电源电压线的一条电源电压线流向第一端;以及
第一电流通过第一端从该一条电源电压线流向第二端。
15.根据权利要求12所述的电光装置,
第一电流通过第二端从第一端和电光元件之间的节点流向该一条电源电压线。
16.一种包括根据权利要求1所述的电子电路的电子装置。
17.一种包括根据权利要求9所述的电子电路的电子装置。
18.一种包括根据权利要求12所述的电光装置的电子设备。
19.一种包括根据权利要求16所述的电子装置的电子设备。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005338819A (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
| US20080297441A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
| TW200607378A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
| CN1783186A (zh) | 2006-06-07 |
| JP2009042776A (ja) | 2009-02-26 |
| TWI295899B (en) | 2008-04-11 |
| CN1700285A (zh) | 2005-11-23 |
| US20050258867A1 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
| CN100533529C (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
| JP4678234B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
| JP4770900B2 (ja) | 2011-09-14 |
| US8330679B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
| KR20060046112A (ko) | 2006-05-17 |
| KR100636261B1 (ko) | 2006-10-19 |
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