CN1798680A - A kind of miniature four-wheel vehicle and its frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a miniature four-wheel vehicle and a frame thereof, wherein the frame comprises an upper frame and a lower frame which are connected with each other, the upper frame and the lower frame respectively comprise an upper surface and a lower surface, at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface is a plane or forms an installation plane, a main pin positioning connecting device and a driving shaft installation device are alternatively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the frame, a steering rod positioning pipe is arranged at the front part of the frame in a backward inclining way, and 1-5 connecting frames or connecting rods are arranged between the upper frame and the lower frame. The miniature four-wheel vehicle comprises the frame, a pair of front wheels, a pair of rear wheels, a driving device, a steering device, a brake device and the like. The frame of the invention has simple structure and outstanding functions, integrates the whole vehicle bearing main body and the assembly base body, occupies small space, has light weight, is easy to process and has lower cost, the minitype four-wheel vehicle assembled by the frame is small and exquisite, is stable and safe to run and comfortable to ride, and can be combined with different driving modes to be made into minitype four-wheel bicycles, minitype four-wheel electric vehicles, minitype four-wheel motor vehicles and minitype four-wheel mopeds to be used as transportation and walk-substituting tools for urban and rural traffic, and can be developed into recreational vehicles, leisure body-building vehicles, tourist vehicles, baby carriages, disabled vehicles and the like with multiple purposes.

Description

A miniature four-wheel vehicle and its frame

【Technical field】

The invention relates to a four-wheel vehicle and its frame, in particular to a miniature four-wheel vehicle and its frame.

【Background technique】

So far, there are no mature products in the disclosed miniature four-wheel bicycles at home and abroad and the miniature four-wheel electric vehicles that can run on sidewalks, and the miniature four-wheeled motor-assisted vehicles. The reason is that these technical solutions are either complicated in structure or too large Large, heavy car body, high center of gravity, and can not be widely promoted in urban and rural areas as a means of transportation. Trace it to its cause, mainly be that the vehicle frame as the main structure of four-wheel vehicle generally has problems such as complex structure, single function, and difficult installation of parts. According to retrieval, as the closest comparative documents, Chinese patent 98800333.3 and Japanese patent JP5039072 also fail to solve this problem.

In the vehicle frame disclosed by ZL98800333. 3, there are two adjacent bent pipes extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, bent and close to each other, and the shape of the bent pipes is similar to that of a hacksaw. The obvious disadvantages of this solution are that the space occupied by the frame is too large, the frame is bulky, the installation performance is poor, the structure of the whole vehicle is complex, and the seismic performance is poor. The front and rear ends of the frame provided by Japanese Patent JP5039072 are respectively equipped with front and rear suspension systems. The frame is composed of double steel pipes arranged side by side and connected by horizontal pipes in the middle. The disadvantages are also the complex shape of the spatial structure and difficult processing.

【Content of invention】

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technical solutions, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a simple structure, outstanding function, which integrates the whole vehicle load-bearing body and the assembly base, takes up little space, is light in weight, easy to process, and relatively low in cost. Low miniature four-wheel vehicle frame; Another object of the present invention is to provide a miniature four-wheel vehicle that is small, light, safe and comfortable to ride, can be used as a means of transportation in urban and rural areas, and has multiple functions.

One of the objectives of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A frame of a miniature four-wheeled vehicle, including an upper frame and a lower frame connected to each other, the upper frame and the lower frame include respective upper surfaces and lower surfaces, and the upper surface At least one of the lower surface and the lower surface is a plane or constitutes an installation plane. The front and rear ends of the frame are provided with a kingpin positioning connection device and a drive shaft installation device, and the front part is equipped with a steering rod inclined backward. The positioning pipe is equipped with 1-5 connecting frames or connecting rods between the upper and lower frames.

Another object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a miniature four-wheeled vehicle, including a frame, a pair of front wheels and a pair of rear wheels, a driving device, a steering device, a brake device, etc., the frame includes The upper frame and the lower frame are connected to each other, the upper frame and the lower frame include respective upper surfaces and lower surfaces, at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface is a plane or constitutes an installation plane, and the front and rear ends of the vehicle frame are selected One ground is provided with a kingpin positioning connection device and a drive shaft installation device, the front part of which is equipped with a steering rod positioning tube inclined backwards, and 1-5 connecting frames or connecting rods are installed between the upper and lower frames.

The advantages of the miniature four-wheel vehicle frame of the present invention are as follows: 1) Simple structure, outstanding functions, integrating the whole vehicle carrying body and assembly base. Different from the traditional tubular frame, the upper or lower surface of the frame of the present invention is horizontal

1

Confirmation copy As a result, the frame structure is greatly simplified, firm and reliable, and also serves as an installation platform. The main components of the whole vehicle include wheels, driving devices, steering devices, brake devices, transmission devices, seats, shelves, etc. Can be mounted on the frame directly or with simple attachments. 2) Small footprint and light weight. Due to the improvement of the frame structure, the occupied space is doubled and the weight is greatly reduced. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length, width and height of the vehicle frame are only 128 cm X 32 cm X 40 cm. 3) The processing technology is simple and the cost is low. The upper and lower frames of the present invention can be formed by bending and welding metal plates or pipes without special joints, or integrally injection-molded with plastic, so the processing cost is relatively low.

Due to the above-mentioned advantages of the vehicle frame, the miniature four-wheel vehicle of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) The whole vehicle is small and light, and can be equipped with human-driven components as a means of transportation in urban and rural areas. Due to the significant improvement in the frame structure, plus the reduction of seat height and the use of small wheel diameter tires, the present invention can greatly reduce the volume of the whole vehicle, reduce the weight of the vehicle and lower the center of gravity. In the preferred embodiment of the miniature four-wheeled bicycle, the volume of the whole vehicle is only 166 cm in length X 50 cm in width X 96 cm in height, and the whole vehicle made of a metal frame weighs about 12-16 kg, which is slightly heavier than a bicycle; Micro quad bikes with plastic frames can also be made smaller and lighter. This small and light four-wheeled bicycle can fully replace the two-wheeled bicycle and is generally promoted in urban and rural areas. 2) It is stable, safe and comfortable to ride, and can be developed into a multi-purpose functional vehicle. The four wheels of the present invention are distributed around the vehicle body and have a low center of gravity structure, which greatly improves the stability and safety of driving; the front and rear wheels can adopt elastic suspensions, and half-lying driving can be adopted on the seat with backrest, which increases the driving stability and safety. Ride comfort; adjustable seats and steering wheel are suitable for people of different ages. The above functions enable the present invention not only to be used as a general means of transport, but also to be developed into recreational vehicles, leisure exercise vehicles, tourist vehicles, baby carriages, and assembled with batteries, electric motors or internal combustion engines to become miniature four-wheel electric vehicles and miniature four-wheel motors. Motor vehicles, miniature four-wheeled vehicles or vehicles for the disabled, etc. 3) A large number of common bicycle parts can be used, the investment is small, and the technical solution is easy to realize.

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the vehicle frame and some assembly parts with the upper and lower frames of the present invention having a straight section.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the vehicle frame and some assembly parts with the upper and lower frames of the present invention having a double-pipe cross-section.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the integrally injection-molded plastic vehicle frame of the present invention

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the plastic vehicle frame and some assembly parts of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the frame with a straight line fixed to the lower frame after the arc before the frame is mounted.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a frame with a straight line before the frame and a circular arc fixedly connected to the frame.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle frame in which the front and rear arcs of the upper frame are fixedly connected to the lower frame.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the frame of the upper frame trapezoidal fixed connection with the lower frame.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a frame with a T-shaped connection at the rear end of the upper frame and a lower frame.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of seat installation.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the double cross-bar type king pin positioning connection device.

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the shock absorber type king pin positioning connection device. Figure 13 is a perspective view of the A-shaped kingpin guide plate + shock absorber type kingpin positioning connection device.

Figure 14 is a perspective view of the double steel plate + shock absorber type king pin positioning connection device.

Figure 15 is a perspective view of the steering linkage mechanism and steering knuckle installation.

Figure 16 is a perspective view of the guide plate type drive shaft installation device.

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the adjusting rod type drive shaft installation device.

Figure 18 is a perspective view of the installation device for the front and rear transversely connected tubular drive shafts.

Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the installation device of the upper and lower horizontally connected tubular drive shafts.

Figure 20 is a perspective view of a U-shaped fork drive shaft installation device.

Figure 21 is a perspective view of the guide plate + shock absorber drive shaft installation device.

Figure 22 is a perspective view of the guide plate + load adjustment carriage type drive shaft installation device.

Figure 23 is a perspective view of a grooved or I-shaped guide plate + shock absorber drive shaft installation device.

Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the upper half-rolled rear guide plate with a connecting frame.

Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the lower half-rolled rear guide plate.

Fig. 26 is an effect diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the miniature four-wheel vehicle of the present invention.

In the figure: Upper frame 1 Lower frame 2 King pin positioning connection device 3 Drive shaft installation device 4 Connecting frame or connecting rod 5 Center shaft sleeve mounting frame 6 Steering rod positioning tube 7 Seat 8 Slide groove 21 Mounting groove 22 Positioning cross bar or Mounting holes for positioning steel plate 23, 23' Mounting holes for center axle casing 24 Mounting holes for brake shaft 25 Mounting holes for swing arm or guide plate positioning shaft 26 Mounting holes for rear shock absorber shaft 27 Mounting holes for transverse connecting pipe 28, 28' Coil reel 30 steel wire rope 31 kingpin locating steel plate 32, 32' kingpin mounting bearing 33, 33' front guide steel rope 34, 34' kingpin 35, 35' kingpin connection block 36, 36' steering knuckle 37, 37, steering knuckle arm 38, 38' Steering tie rod 39 Left and right guide swing arm 41, 41' Swing arm positioning shaft 42 Rear shock absorber 43, 43' Drive shaft bearing 44, 44' Rear shock absorber shaft 45, 45' Rear guide steel Rope 46, 46' Drive shaft 47 Center shaft 61 Brake shaft 62 Brake pedal 63 Hand brake lever 64' Steering rod sleeve 70 Positioning tube bearing 71, 71 Steering rod 72 Quick release fastening ring 73 Connecting bolt 81 Connecting nut 82 King pin positioning Crossbar 311, 311' Front shock absorber 331, 33Γ Front shock absorber shaft 332 A-shaped kingpin guide plate 341, 34Γ Left and right guide plate 411, 41Γ Guide plate positioning shaft 412 Load adjustment rod 433 Adjusting bolt 434 Adjusting nut 435 transverse connecting pipe 441, 44 connecting piece 442, 442, U-shaped vertical fork 451 U-shaped flat fork 452 rear guide plate 461 guide plate fixing frame 462 load adjustment slide frame 472 slide frame adjustment screw 473 groove shape or tool Glyph guide plate 491 pedal parts 611 [the specific embodiment] Preferred embodiment one: The present embodiment is a miniature four-wheeled bicycle made of a vehicle frame with an inline section for the upper and lower frames. As shown in Figure 1: The main structure of the frame includes upper frame 1 and lower frame 2, kingpin positioning connection device 3, drive shaft installation device 4, steering rod positioning tube 7 and connecting frame 5. The upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 are made of thin steel plates with a thickness of 4 mm and a width of 80 mm, both of which are in-line and grooved. The front end of the upper shelf 1 is bent downward into a circular arc to meet the front end of the lower shelf 2, and then continues to be folded downward, backward, and upward to form an inverted trapezoid. It is fixedly connected with the lower frame 2 at approximately right angles. In order to increase the strength, two connecting frames 5 are installed between the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2. The kingpin positioning connection device 3 and the drive shaft installation device 4 are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2.

As shown in Figure 1, the main pin positioning connection device 3 of this embodiment adopts a double steel plate type. This device comprises kingpin location steel plate 32,32 ', kingpin installation bearing 33,33, and front guide steel rope 34,34 '. The kingpin mounting bearings 33, 33' are mounted on the two ends of the upper and lower kingpin positioning steel plates 32, 32', and the kingpin positioning steel plates 32, 32' are parallel and respectively transversely fixed on the front bottom of the lower frame 2 and the upper frame 1 , in order to ensure the accurate positioning of the kingpin during the movement, the kingpin positioning steel plates 32, 32 are installed with front guide steel ropes 34, 34' between the outer side and the upper and lower frames. Since the relative position between the kingpin and the kingpin positioning steel plate often changes during motion, the kingpin mounting bearings 33, 33' of this example adopt joint bearings. During installation, the upper end of the connection between the shaft centers of the upper and lower bearings on the same side is inclined 4.5° to the rear side of the vehicle body and 6° to the inner side of the vehicle body to form a suitable caster angle and inclination angle of the kingpin.

Figure 15 describes the installation method of the steering linkage mechanism and steering knuckle in this embodiment. The kingpin 35, 35' is hinged with the kingpin positioning steel plate 32, 32' through the kingpin installation bearing 33, 33', and the kingpin connection block 36, 36' which is fixed on the kingpin 35, 35' is installed on the outside and rear side respectively. There are left and right steering knuckles 37, 37' and left and right steering knuckle arms 38, 38', the rear ends of the steering knuckle arms 38, 38' are hinged with the two ends of the steering tie rod 39, and the steering wheels are installed on the steering knuckles 37, 37, superior. Due to the elasticity of the kingpin positioning steel plate, the steering wheel can realize independent suspension.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 21, this embodiment adopts a guide plate + shock absorber drive shaft installation device. The device is mounted on the rear end of the vehicle frame and includes a rear guide plate 461 with a bushing at the front end, a guide plate fixing frame 462, a guide plate positioning shaft 412, transverse connecting pipes 441, 441', left and right connecting pieces 442, 442', Left and right rear shock absorbers 43, 43 ', drive shaft bearings 44, 44 ', upper and lower shafts 45, 45 ' of the rear shock absorbers. The front end of the rear guide plate 461 with sleeve pipe is hinged with the lower frame 2 through the guide plate fixing frame 462 and the guide plate positioning shaft 412, and the other end is fixedly connected with the middle part of the two horizontal connecting pipes 441 and 441 arranged side by side, and the horizontal connecting pipe 441 , 441, both ends are fixedly connected with connecting pieces 442, 442' equipped with drive shaft rolling bearings 44, 44', the upper and lower ends of the left and right rear shock absorbers 43, 43' are respectively connected with the upper and lower shafts 45 of the rear shock absorbers , 45' are hinged on the same side, and the upper and lower shafts 45, 45' of the rear shock absorber are respectively fixed on the rear upper side of the upper frame 1 and the rear guide plate 461. In order to ensure accurate positioning of the driving wheel during motion, rear guide steel ropes 46, 46' are symmetrically installed between the outside of the connecting pipe 441 and the positioning shaft 412 of the guide plate. Drive shaft 47 (Fig. 1) passes drive shaft bearing 44, 44 ', and the middle part is equipped with common bicycle flywheel with sprocket opposite position, and drive shaft 47 one end is affixed with a rear wheel, and the other end is connected with another rear wheel by bearing. The wheels are articulated to form a differential rotation.

As shown in Figure 1, the center shaft bushing installation frame 6 is equipped with in the lower frame 2 middle part of the present embodiment, and the center shaft bushing is housed on the mounting frame 6 to install the bicycle center shaft 61 and the pedal part 611, the pedal part 611, Bottom shaft 61, sprocket, chain The bar together with the above-mentioned flywheel and the drive shaft 47 constitute the human drive device of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 15, the front part of the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 is equipped with a steering rod positioning tube 7 that is inclined backward and forms an angle of about 45° with the plane. The steering rod sleeve 70 passes through the positioning tube bearing 71 , 7Γ are hinged with the steering rod positioning tube 7, the steering rod 72 that can slide up and down is inserted into the steering rod sleeve 70 and fixed on the appropriate position of the steering rod sleeve 70 through the quick-release fastening ring 73 (this position can vary depending on the person) different), the top of the steering rod 72 is equipped with a steering wheel (Fig. 26). The lower end of the steering rod sleeve 70 is fixed with a reel 30, and the two ends of the wire rope 31 wound on the reel 30 are connected to the steering tie rod 39. Through the steering linkage mechanism, turning the steering wheel can drive the steering wheel to turn. Adopting the steering wheel to steer not only improves the grade of the present invention, but also greatly increases the driving pleasure. The above-mentioned steering rod positioning tube 7, steering rod sleeve 70, positioning tube bearings 71, 71', steering rod 72, quick release fastening ring 73, steering wheel and the steering linkage shown in FIG. Steering device. '

As shown in Figure 1, a brake shaft 62 is mounted on the center shaft casing installation frame 6 in the middle of the lower frame 2, and a brake pedal 63 and a hand brake lever 64 are mounted on the brake shaft 62. The left and right connecting pieces 442, 442 in the drive shaft installation device 4 are symmetrically equipped with ordinary bicycle brake boxes concentric with the drive shaft bearings 44, 44' on the outside, and the inner sides of the bushings of the two rear wheels are installed on the corresponding parts of the brake boxes. There is a brake disc and a brake ring, and the bellcrank on the brake ring is connected with the brake pedal 63 and the handbrake lever 64 with a wire rope (not shown in the accompanying drawings), and the brake parts are connected together with the brake shaft 62, the brake pedal 63, the handbrake Pull bar 64 and wire rope etc. form the braking device of the present embodiment.

As shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 26, the rear part of the upper frame 1 is provided with a mounting groove 22, and a seat 8 made of plastic is installed on the mounting groove 22, and the connecting bolt 81 on the seat 8 passes through the mounting groove 22 and cooperates with the connecting nut 82 , so that the seat 8 can be adjusted forward and backward and fixed in place. The forward and backward movement of the seat 8 and the up-and-down adjustment of the steering rod 72 make this embodiment suitable for people of different ages, and solve the problem of constantly changing cars as children grow older. In addition, shelves can be installed at the rear end of the vehicle frame, and children's chairs can be installed at the front end, which not only makes full use of the space, but also makes it more functional.

As shown in Figure 26, the whole vehicle made of the above-mentioned frame is equipped with small-diameter wheels with 16" front wheels and 20" rear wheels, so that the volume of the whole vehicle can be reduced to 166 cm in length X 50 cm in width X 96 cm in height , the whole bike weighs about 12-16 kg, and its volume and weight are comparable to ordinary 24″ bicycles. This small, light, safe and comfortable miniature four-wheeled bicycle can completely replace the two-wheeled bicycle and be popularized in urban and rural areas.

Preferred embodiment two: The present embodiment is the miniature four-wheeled bicycle that the vehicle frame that adopts double circular tube section is made for upper and lower frame. As shown in Figure 2: The frame includes an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2. The upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 are made of two metal pipes parallel to each other on the left and right, connected horizontally by horizontal tubes, and with a square cross-section. The front and rear of the frame One of the two ends is provided with a kingpin positioning connection device 3 and a drive shaft installation device 4, and the front part of the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 is obliquely equipped with a steering rod positioning tube 7. The front end of the upper shelf 1 is bent downwards into a circular arc to connect with the front end of the lower shelf 2, and then continues to extend downward, backward, and upward to form an inverted trapezoidal front bottom to connect with the lower shelf 2, and the rear end of the upper shelf 1 is bent downward to meet the lower shelf 2. The lower frame 2 is fixed, the width of the upper frame and the lower frame are equal, and the two sides are aligned up and down, and are in the same longitudinal plane. Two connecting frames 5 are arranged between the upper frame and the lower frame, and a central shaft sleeve installation frame 6 is installed in the middle of the lower frame 2. The kingpin positioning connection device 3 of this example is the same as the previous example, and its drive shaft installation device 4 adopts a swing arm type and is installed at the rear end of the vehicle frame. The device includes left and right Guide swing arm 41, 4, swing arm positioning shaft 42, left and right rear shock absorbers 43, 43 ', drive shaft self-aligning bearings 44, 44, and rear shock absorber shaft 45. The rear ends of the left and right guide swing arms 41, 4 are equipped with drive shaft self-aligning bearings 44, 44' and are hinged to the lower ends of the left and right rear shock absorbers 43, 43' respectively, and the front ends are connected to the swing arms fixed on the lower frame 2 The positioning shaft 42 is hinged, and the upper ends of the rear shock absorbers 43, 43' are hinged with the rear shock absorber shaft 45 fixed to the rear end of the upper frame 1. The composition and installation method of the driving device, steering device, brake device, seat and other parts of this example are the same as the previous example (the brake box in the brake device can be directly installed on the rear ends of the left and right guide swing arms 41, 41). The advantages of this example are firm structure and high strength, and it is suitable for assembling miniature four-wheeled electric vehicles and miniature four-wheeled motor vehicles with high driving speed. The flat surface on the rack can also easily become the installation platform for the whole vehicle.

Preferred Embodiment Three: This embodiment is a miniature four-wheeled bicycle made of a plastic frame. As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4: The plastic vehicle frame includes the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2, the connecting frame 5 between the upper frame and the lower frame, and the steering rod positioning tube arranged in front of the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 and tilted backward 7. The central shaft sleeve installation hole 24 and the brake shaft installation hole 25 located in the front part of the lower frame 2, the positioning crossbar installation holes 23, 23 ' located in the front part of the lower frame 2, and the rear upper end of the upper frame 1 The rear shock absorber shaft mounting hole 27, the swing arm or guide plate positioning shaft mounting hole 26 located at the rear of the lower frame 2, and the horizontal connecting pipe mounting holes 28, 28' located at the rear end of the lower frame 2. The width of the upper frame 1 is 80 mm, and its cross section is straight. For the convenience of getting on and off, the middle section adopts a concave arc section (in other embodiments, the middle section can also take a straight section), and the front and rear two The end is a downwardly curved arc segment, and the lower frame 2 is a frame structure formed by connecting two rectangular flat plates juxtaposed up and down, arranged horizontally, extending longitudinally, with the same width of 80 Å, and eight intermediate flat plates arranged vertically. The upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 are connected by five vertical or horizontal connecting frames 5, and are integrally injection molded together with the above-mentioned mounting holes and the prefabricated steering rod positioning tube 7. (In this example, the upper shelf 1 and the lower shelf 2 have the same width. In other embodiments, the width difference between the middle section of the upper shelf 1 and the lower shelf 2 is selected between 0-30 cm, thereby forming a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom.

In this embodiment, the steering rod positioning tube 7 can be prefabricated, and the installation positions of the positioning tube bearings 71 and 7Γ are reserved at both ends, and the center shaft sleeve installation hole 24 can be formed by integral injection molding of the center shaft sleeve and the upper and lower frames. To facilitate the installation of the bicycle central axis 61. As described in Embodiment 1, in order to ensure accurate positioning of the kingpin, the upper ends of the same-side circle centers of the upper and lower positioning crossbar mounting holes 23, 23' should be inclined backward by 4.5° to form a suitable caster angle of the kingpin. The mounting holes 23, 23' can be circular or rectangular, corresponding to the installation of the double crossbar type or double steel plate type king pin positioning connection device 3 respectively, and the present embodiment adopts circular holes. The mounting holes 28, 28' of the front and rear transverse connecting pipes can be circular or square, corresponding to the round pipes or square pipes in the transverse connecting pipes respectively, and circular holes are used in this example. The center distance between the two holes should be greater than 90 mm, so that the operation of the flywheel will not be interfered after installing the transverse connecting pipes 441 and 441. The installation holes can be arranged in two rows, so that consumers can install different The rear wheel of the wheel diameter, or install the transverse connecting pipe 441, 44Γ horizontally, up and down or obliquely; in order to increase the installation strength, each installation hole can be directly made of metal or carbon fiber pipe and connected with the upper and lower frames and the connecting bracket 5 , Steering rod positioning tube 7 etc. are injection molded together.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 11, this embodiment adopts a double cross bar type king pin positioning connection device. The device includes the upper, Lower kingpin positioning crossbar 311, 311' and kingpin mounting bearing 33, 33'; when installing, insert and fix the upper and lower kingpin positioning crossbar 311, 31Γ into the positioning crossbar mounting hole 23, 23', and then It is enough to install the kingpin mounting bearings 33 and 33 ', and the kingpin mounting bearings 33 and 33 ' adopt end rod joint bearings. In order to ensure the accurate positioning of the steering wheel, a front guide steel rope 34, 34' can be installed between the outside of the kingpin positioning cross bar 311, 31Γ and the upper and lower frames. In order to reduce the impact of the road on the vehicle frame during driving, the king pin positioning cross bar can be made of spring steel.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 23, this embodiment adopts a grooved guide plate + a shock absorber type drive shaft installation device. The device includes a grooved guide plate 491, a guide plate positioning shaft 412, a rear shock absorber 43, 43 ′, a rear shock absorber shaft 45, a drive shaft bearing 44, 44 ′, a transverse connecting pipe 441, 441 ′, and a connecting piece 442 , 442 ', steering steel rope 46, 46 '; Both sides of the grooved guide plate 491 rear portion are provided with some round holes, and its front end is hinged with the guide plate positioning shaft 412 installed on the guide plate positioning shaft mounting hole 26; The pipes 441, 441' are inserted and fixed in the preset round holes at the rear end of the grooved guide plate 491, and the connecting pieces 442, 442' mounted on the two ends thereof are equipped with drive shaft rolling bearings 44, 44', rear shock absorbers 43, The upper and lower ends of 43' are respectively hinged with the rear shock absorber shaft 45 installed in the rear shock absorber shaft mounting hole 27 and the two sides of the connecting pipe 441, and the two sides of the connecting pipe 441 and the guide plate positioning shaft 412 can be equipped with steering steel Rope 46, 46'.

The miniature four-wheeled bicycle assembled with a plastic vehicle frame, and the installation of the other components refer to the description in Embodiment 1. In addition to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, there are various technical solutions for each main component of the present invention including vehicle frame, driving device, steering device, braking device, etc. Changes and combinations of these different technical solutions can form more implementation modes.

1. Frame

The frame is the main structure and skeleton of the miniature four-wheel vehicle. A frame in a complete sense is not only the main body of the vehicle, but also the equipment base and installation platform for the main components of the vehicle. Vehicle frame is main invention point of the present invention. Besides the preferred embodiment, there are other technical solutions for each part of the vehicle frame.

(1) On-shelf 1 and off-shelf 2

1. Section: The upper and lower frames can not only adopt the in-line and groove-shaped sections as described in Embodiment 1 (refer to Figure 1, Figure 16-Figure 22), but also can adopt T-shaped cross-sections and hollow rectangular cross-sections. The cross-section frame can adopt both the double-sided tubes described in the second embodiment, and can also use double-round tubes. Regardless of the structure or section, at least one of the upper or lower surfaces should be flat or constitute a mounting plane for the installation of various components. Reinforcing strips can be added on both sides of the inline section, or two Side-by-side round tube reinforcement.

2. Connection method and shape: Both ends of the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 can be bent into arcs or straight lines to be fixed to each other, but the lower frame 2 as the main beam is mostly straight, so the front and rear ends of the upper frame 1 are generally used Bend downwards into an arc or a straight line to be fixedly connected with the lower frame 2 . The front and rear ends of the upper and lower racks can be connected in a closed type (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5), or a T-shaped intersecting type (as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 9). In addition to Embodiment 1, the connection of the upper and lower frames can also adopt the front straight line rear arc type, front and rear arc type, ladder form, etc. as shown in Figure 6-Figure 9, and the frame shown in Figure 5-Figure 8 The front bottom must be provided with a U-shaped mounting bracket, so that the king pin positioning connection device 3 is installed. In order to increase the strength of the frame, 1-5 connecting frames or connecting rods 5 can be installed between the two frames, and the connecting frames 5 can be straight plates, Inverted U-shaped and inverted V-shaped plates, longitudinal plates or round tubes with holes in the middle can also be used (Fig. 5-Fig. 9).

3. Material: The upper shelf 1 and the lower shelf 2 can be made of carbon steel, aluminum alloy, carbon fiber or high-strength plastic. The sheet metal frame has a thickness of about 3-5 mm and a width of 40-120 mm. It has the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, and low cost, but it is slightly heavier. The carbon fiber frame is light in weight, high in strength, high in rigidity, and has certain elasticity, but the cost is high, so it is suitable for developing high-end cars. The plastic frame is light in weight and can be molded at one time, but its strength and rigidity are poor. It is suitable for making low-speed baby carriages. If it is made for adults, it needs to increase the thickness and width, and reinforce it with metal parts at the main stress points.

(2) King pin positioning connection device 3 ,

In addition to the double steel plate type and double cross bar type described in the preferred embodiment, the following main pin positioning connection devices can also be adopted -

1. Shock absorber type. As shown in Figure 12, the device includes left and right front shock absorbers 331, 331', front shock absorber shaft 332, kingpin positioning steel plate 32' and kingpin mounting bearings 33, 33'. The front shock absorber shaft 332 and the kingpin positioning steel plates 32' equipped with kingpin mounting bearings 33 and 33' at both ends are parallel and respectively transversely affixed to the front upper end and the front bottom end of the upper frame 1, and the left and right front shock absorbers 331 The upper and lower ends of , 33Γ are respectively hinged with the same side of the front shock absorber shaft 332 and the kingpin positioning steel plate 32'. The shock absorber inner shaft of this example can be used as kingpin 35, 35' to directly install left and right kingpin connecting blocks 36, 36'.

2. Α-shaped king pin guide plate + shock absorber type. As shown in Figure 13, the device includes upper and lower A-shaped kingpin guide plates 341, 341, front shock absorbers 331, 331', front shock absorber shafts 332 and kingpin mounting bearings 33, 33'. The tops of the upper and lower A-shaped kingpin guide plates 341, 341' are equipped with kingpin mounting bearings 33, 33', and the other ends are respectively hinged symmetrically with the front bottom ends of the lower frame 2 and the upper frame 1, and the left and right front shock absorbers 331 , 33Γ upper and lower ends are respectively hinged with the front shock absorber shaft 332 fixed on the front end of the upper frame 1 and the outer side of the A-shaped kingpin guide plate 341. A-shaped king pin guide plate 341,34 can be made of metal or carbon fiber.

3. Double steel plate + shock absorber type. As shown in FIG. 14, the device includes kingpin positioning steel plates 32, 32', kingpin mounting bearings 33, 33', front shock absorbers 331, 33Γ and front shock absorber shafts 332. The kingpin installation bearings 33, 33 are mounted on the two ends of the upper and lower kingpin positioning steel plates 32, 32', and the kingpin positioning steel plates 32, 32' are parallel and fixed to the front bottom of the lower frame 2 and the upper frame 1 respectively , the upper and lower ends of the left and right front shock absorbers 331, 33 are respectively hinged with the front shock absorber shaft 332 fixed on the front end of the upper frame 1 and the outside of the kingpin positioning steel plate 32.

In the above three embodiments, since the relative position of the kingpin often changes during driving, joint bearings should be used as the kingpin mounting bearings 33, 33'. At the same time, in order to ensure the accurate positioning of the steering wheel during driving, left and right front guide steel ropes 34 can be symmetrically installed on the outside of the front shock absorber shaft 332 and the upper and lower kingpin positioning steel plates 32 and 32, and between the upper and lower frames. , 34' (Fig. 1, Fig. 12, Fig. 14). The installation of the kingpin positioning connection device 3 must meet such requirements: The kingpin installation bearing 33, 33' on the same side, the upper end of the upper and lower axis connection must be inclined 2°-8° to the rear side and the inside of the vehicle body, left and right The outer sides of steering knuckles 37 and 37' are inclined downward by 0.5°-1.5° to form suitable kingpin caster angles, kingpin inclination angles and front wheel camber angles.

(3) Drive shaft installation device 4 The preferred embodiment adopts the drive shaft installation device of guide plate + shock absorber type, swing arm type and grooved guide plate + shock absorber type respectively. In addition, the drive shaft 47 can be installed in the following ways:

1. Guide plate type. As shown in Figure 16, the device includes left and right guide steel plates 411, 41Γ, left and right rear shock absorbers 43, 43', drive shaft self-aligning bearings 44, 44', guide plate positioning shaft 412 and rear shock absorbers The device shaft 45; the left and right guide steel plates 411, 411, the rear end is equipped with drive shaft self-aligning bearings 44, 44, and is respectively hinged with the lower end of the rear shock absorber 43, 43 ', and the other end is fixed to the lower frame 2 The guide plate positioning shaft 412 is hinged, and the upper ends of the rear shock absorbers 43, 43' are hinged with the rear shock absorber shaft 45 fixed to the rear upper end of the upper frame 1.

2. Adjusting rod type. As shown in Figure 17, the device includes left and right guide steel plates 411, 411', guide plate positioning shaft 412, load adjustment rod 433, adjustment bolt 434, adjustment nut 435 and drive shaft self-aligning bearings 44, 44; Guide steel plates 411, 411, the front end is connected with the guide plate positioning shaft 412 fixedly connected to the lower frame 2, the rear end is equipped with drive shaft self-aligning bearings 44, 44 ', and the two ends of the load adjustment rod 433 located below the lower frame 2 overlap On the upper sides of the left and right guide steel plates 411, 41Γ, the adjusting bolt 434 on the load adjusting rod 433 passes through the chute 21 of the lower frame 2 and cooperates with the adjusting nut 435. The guide steel plate in this example has the dual functions of guide and elastic suspension. The load can be adjusted according to the individual, and it is suitable for children to use in different growth stages in conjunction with the adjustment of the seat and steering wheel.

3. Horizontal connection tube type. As shown in Figure 18, the device includes two parallel horizontal connecting pipes 441, 441', connecting pieces 442, 442' and drive shaft rolling bearings 44, 44'; The two ends of the frame 2 are fixedly connected to the connecting pieces 442, 442', and the driving shaft rolling bearings 44, 44' are mounted on the connecting pieces 442, 442'. In addition, as shown in Figure 19, the two transverse connecting pipes can also be installed up and down on the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 respectively to form another embodiment. The transverse connecting pipes in this example can be replaced by connecting rods made of spring steel.

4. U-shaped fork. As shown in Figure 20, the device includes a U-shaped vertical fork 451, a U-shaped flat fork 452, connecting pieces 442, 442' and drive shaft rolling bearings 44, 44'; the U-shaped vertical fork 451 and the U-shaped flat fork The open ends of 452 are fixedly connected to the connecting pieces 442 and 442' respectively, and the other ends are fixedly connected to the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 respectively, and the connecting pieces 442 and 442' are equipped with driving shaft rolling bearings 44 and 44'.

5. Guide plate + load adjustment carriage type. As shown in Figure 22, the device includes a rear guide plate 461, a load adjustment carriage 472, a carriage adjustment screw 473, front and rear transverse connecting pipes 441, 441, left and right connecting pieces 442, 442, and drive shaft alignment Bearings 44, 44'; the front end of the rear guide plate 461 is fixedly connected to the lower frame 2, the rear end is fixedly connected to the middle of the two parallel horizontal connecting pipes 441, 44, the two ends of the front and rear horizontal connecting pipes 441, 441' are connected to the mounting The left and right connecting pieces 442, 442' of drive shaft self-aligning bearings 44, 44' are fixedly connected, and the load adjustment carriage 472 installed in the middle of the rear guide plate 461 can slide back and forth along the lower frame 2 and the rear guide plate 461, And the sliding frame 472 is fixed on the appropriate position of the lower frame 2 by the sliding frame adjustment screw 473, and the fixed position is determined due to the load. The rear guide plate 461 can adopt either the straight plate type shown in this example, or the one-end sleeve type as described in Embodiment 1 (see FIG. 21 ), or the one shown in FIG. 24 and FIG. 25 . Half rolled at one end. The rear guide plate 461 can be made of steel plate, carbon fiber or reinforced plastics, but this example must be made of steel plate because no shock absorber is adorned. The cross-sections of the transverse connecting pipes 441 and 441 in the drive shaft installation device 4 can be either circular pipes or square pipes as shown in FIGS. 21-23. When installing, there must be enough space between the two transverse connecting pipes to install the flywheel, chain and speed change mechanism. For the connection between the rear guide plate 461 and the transverse connecting pipes 441, 44, a connecting bracket with round holes can be added (FIG. 24). The rear guide plate 461 can be installed on the upper side of the lower frame 2 (as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 21, Fig. 22, and Fig. 24), or it can be installed on the lower side of the lower frame 2 as shown in Fig. 25 .

As described in Preferred Embodiment 1, in order to ensure the accurate positioning of the rear wheels during motion, rear guide steel ropes 46, 46' or V-shaped guide steel sheets can be symmetrically installed between both sides of the connecting pipe 441 and the lower frame 2.

The present invention is simply improved, and can also be made into a miniature four-wheel vehicle with front-wheel drive and rear-wheel steering. When improving, it is only necessary to install the kingpin positioning connection device 3 on the rear end of the vehicle frame, and the drive shaft installation device 4 on the front end of the vehicle frame. The improved miniature four-wheel vehicle is equipped with small-diameter wheels, and the length can be further shortened.

2. Drive device

The first preferred embodiment has outlined the composition of the human drive device and its connection method. A bicycle transmission can be added between the sprocket in the pedal part 611 and the flywheel, so that the present invention can increase the speed change function. In addition to using human power to drive, the lower frame 2 of the present invention is equipped with a battery, a motor or an internal combustion engine, and the present invention can be further improved into a miniature four-wheeled electric vehicle, a miniature four-wheeled motor vehicle or a miniature four-wheeled motorized vehicle. These miniature four-wheel vehicles can not only be used for walking instead of walking, but also can be widely used in fitness, leisure, amusement, tourism, delivery or use as disabled vehicles.

3. Steering device,

The steering device of the present invention can also adopt the handlebar to control the steering like a common bicycle except that the steering wheel is used to control the steering as described in the first preferred embodiment. Although the handlebar steering is not as beautiful and interesting as the steering wheel steering, but The handbrake handle can be directly installed on the handlebar and the seat can be installed in part of the space for the front part of the vehicle frame, so that the present invention becomes a two-seater miniature four-wheel vehicle and is suitable for mother and child or lovers to ride.

4. Braking device

In addition to the brake-type brake device described in the preferred embodiment 1, the brake device of the present invention can also use a brake-type brake device or a disc brake-type brake device. In the case where the drive shaft 47 does not use an elastic suspension, it can even use Ordinary brake or caliper brake device. If an expansion brake type or a disc brake type brake device is used, it is only necessary to refit the expansion brake parts or disc brake parts on the left and right connecting pieces 442, 442'. In addition, it is also possible to mount an ordinary bicycle hand brake handle on the steering wheel or the handlebar, and change the foot brake in the preferred embodiment one into a hand brake.

5. Other components

Other components include seats 8 and shelves. Except that the seat 8 can be adjusted back and forth as described in Embodiment 1, the angle between the backrest and the seat seat can also be adjusted by adding some simple devices to meet the needs of different riders. The shelf can be installed at the front end or the rear end of the vehicle frame, and can also be installed at the front and rear ends of the vehicle frame.

Claims (19)

Rights request 1. A frame of a miniature four-wheeled vehicle, comprising an upper frame (1) and a lower frame (2) connected to each other, characterized in that: the upper frame (1) and the lower frame (2) include respective upper surfaces and lower surface, at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface is a plane or constitutes an installation plane, and one of the front and rear ends of the frame is provided with a king pin positioning connection device (3) and a drive shaft installation device (4) , the front part is equipped with a steering rod positioning tube (7) inclined backwards, and 1-5 connecting frames or connecting rods (5) are installed between the upper and lower frames. 2. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-sections of the upper frame (1) and the lower frame (2) are selected from the group consisting of inline shape, T shape, groove shape, hollow rectangle, One of horizontally parallel double circular tubes and horizontally parallel double tubes; the upper and lower frames of the double circular tubes or double tubes are made of round tubes or square tubes connected horizontally by horizontal tubes. 3. The frame of the miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front end of the upper frame (1) is bent downwards into a circular arc to connect with the front end of the lower frame (2), and is sequentially downward and toward The rear end extends upwards to form an inverted trapezoidal front bottom and then connects with the lower frame (2), and the rear end of the upper frame (1) is bent downward to be fixedly connected with the lower frame (2); the width of the upper and lower frames is equal and the two sides are aligned up and down . 4. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: the kingpin positioning connection device (3) includes upper and lower kingpin positioning steel plates (32), (32') or upper and lower Kingpin positioning crossbar (311), (311'); kingpin positioning steel plate (32), (32') or kingpin positioning crossbar (311), (31Γ) are parallel to each other and respectively transversely fixed on the lower frame ( 2) front end and upper frame (1) front bottom end, upper and lower king pin positioning steel plates (32), (32') or upper and lower king pin positioning cross bars (311), (31Γ) are equipped with king pin installation at both ends Bearing (33), (33 '). 5. The frame of the miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the king pin positioning connection device (3) includes left and right front shock absorbers (331), (33) and front shock absorber shafts (332); front shock absorber shaft (332) and the kingpin positioning steel plate (32') that the kingpin installation bearing (33), (33') are equipped with at both ends are parallel and respectively laterally affixed to the front upper end and the front bottom end of the upper frame (1), left, The upper and lower ends of the right front shock absorber (331), (33Γ) are respectively hinged with the same side of the front shock absorber shaft (332) and kingpin positioning steel plate (32 '). 6. The frame of the miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the kingpin positioning connection device (3) includes upper and lower A-shaped kingpin guide plates (341), (34Γ), front brackets Vibrator (331), (331 '); Kingpin installation bearing (33), (33 ') is equipped with on the top of upper and lower Α-shaped kingpin guide plates (341), (34Γ), and the other end is respectively connected with the lower frame (2) and the front bottom of the upper frame (1) are symmetrically hinged, and the left and right front shock absorbers (331), (33Γ) upper and lower ends are respectively hinged with the front shock absorber axle (332) and the outside of the A-shaped kingpin guide plate (341) that are fixed on the front end of the upper frame (1). 7. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: the kingpin positioning connection device (3) includes upper and lower kingpin positioning steel plates (32), (32,) and left and right front Shock absorber (331), (331'); The kingpin positioning steel plates (32), (32') respectively equipped with kingpin mounting bearings (33), (33') at both ends are parallel and respectively transversely affixed to the lower frame (2) front end and upper frame (1) front bottom end, left and right front shock absorbers (331), (33Γ) The upper and lower ends are respectively hinged with the front shock absorber shaft (332) and the king pin positioning steel plate (32) outer sides that are fixed on the front end of the upper frame (1). 8. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: said drive shaft installation device (4) includes left and right guide swing arms (41), (4Γ) or left and right guide steel plates ( 411), (411,) and left and right rear shock absorbers (43), (43,); guide swing arm (41), (41,) or guide steel plate (411), (41Γ) rear end is equipped with drive Shaft bearings (44), (44') are respectively hinged with the lower ends of rear shock absorbers (43), (43'), and the front end is positioned with the swing arm positioning shaft (42) or the guide steel plate fixed on the lower frame (2) Axle (412) is hinged, and rear shock absorber (43), (43 ') upper end is hinged with the rear shock absorber axle (45) that is fixed on the rear upper end of upper frame (1). 9. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drive shaft installation device (4) includes left and right guide steel plates (411), (41Γ) and a load adjustment rod (433); The front ends of guide steel plates (411), (41Γ) are affixed to the guide steel plate locating shafts (412) that are affixed to the lower frame (2), and the rear end is equipped with drive shaft bearings (44), (44 '), which are positioned at the lower frame ( 2) The two ends of the load adjustment rod (433) below ride on the upper side of the guide steel plate (411), (41Γ), and the adjustment bolt (434) on the load adjustment rod (433) passes through the chute of the lower frame (2) ( 21) Mate with adjusting nut (435). 10. The frame of the miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drive shaft installation device (4) includes two parallel transverse connecting pipes (441), (441'); the transverse connecting pipe ( 441), (44Γ) are fixed horizontally or up and down on the lower frame (2) or between the upper and lower frames and the two ends are fixed to the connecting piece (442), (442'), and the connecting piece (442), (442, ) is equipped with drive shaft bearings (44), (44,). 11. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drive shaft installation device (4) includes a U-shaped vertical fork (451), a U-shaped flat fork (452), a connecting piece (442), (442') and driving shaft bearing (44), (44,); ') fixed connection, the other end is connected with the upper frame (1) and the lower frame (2) respectively, the connecting piece (442), (442' ) houses drive shaft bearings (44), (44' ). 12. The frame of the miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drive shaft installation device (4) includes a rear guide plate (461) with a sleeve or ear at the front end, a guide plate fixing frame ( 462) and the guide plate positioning shaft (412); the front end of the rear guide plate (461) with sleeve or roll ear is hinged with the lower frame (2) through the guide plate fixing frame (462) and the guide plate positioning shaft (412), and the rear End and the middle part of connecting pipe (441), (44Γ) side by side are affixed, connecting pipe (441), (44) two ends and the left and right connecting piece ( 442), (442,) are fixedly connected, the upper and lower ends of the left and right rear shock absorbers (43), (43' ) are respectively on the same side as the upper and lower axles (45), (45' ) of the rear shock absorbers Hinged, and the upper and lower axles (45), (45') of the rear shock absorber are respectively fixed on the rear upper side of the upper frame (1) and the rear guide plate (461). 13. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drive shaft installation device (4) includes a rear guide plate (461), a load adjustment carriage (472), a carriage adjustment screw ( 473); the front end of the rear guide plate (461) is affixed to the lower frame (2), the rear end is affixed to the middle part of the connecting pipes (441) and (44) arranged side by side, and the two ends of the connecting pipes (441), (441) are connected to the mounting There are left and right connecting pieces (442), (442') fixed connection, the middle part of the rear guide plate (461) is equipped with a load adjustment carriage (472) that can slide forward and backward along the lower frame (2) and the rear guide plate (461), and the carriage adjustment screw (473) will Slide frame (472) is fixed on the suitable position of lower frame (2). 14. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drive shaft installation device (4) includes a grooved guide plate (491), a guide plate positioning shaft (412) and a rear shock absorber (43), (43'); the front end of the grooved guide plate (491) is hinged with the guide plate positioning shaft (412) fixed on the lower frame (2); the transverse connecting pipe (441), (44) is inserted and fixed on In the preset circular hole at the rear end of the grooved guide plate (491), drive shaft bearings (44), (44') are installed on the connecting pieces (442), (442') at its two ends; the rear shock absorber ( 43), (43') upper and lower ends are respectively hinged with both sides of the rear shock absorber shaft (45) and the connecting pipe (441) that are fixed on the upper frame (1). 15. The frame of the miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the upper frame (1) is straight, and the middle section is a straight line segment or a concave arc segment, and the upper frame (1) The front and rear ends of 1) are circular arc segments that bend downwards, and the lower frame (2) is two parallel and horizontally arranged flat plates, with 4 to 8 intermediary planes connecting them to form a frame structure; The front part of the lower frame (2) is provided with mounting holes (23), (23,) for positioning crossbars or positioning steel plates, and the middle part of the lower frame (2) is provided with a mounting hole (24) for the center shaft sleeve and a mounting hole for the brake shaft. hole (25), the rear part of the lower frame (2) is provided with the mounting holes (28) and (28 ') for the transverse connection pipe, and the rear upper end of the upper frame (1) and the middle rear part of the lower frame (2) are respectively provided with a rear shock absorber shaft Mounting holes (27) and swing arm or guide plate positioning shaft mounting holes (26), the above-mentioned mounting holes and upper frame (1), lower frame (2) and connecting frame (5) are integrally injection molded with plastic, and the prefabricated rotary rick Rod positioning tube (7) is also injection molded together. •16. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 15, characterized in that: the kingpin positioning connection device (3) also includes kingpin mounting bearings (33), (33') at both ends The upper and lower kingpin positioning crossbars (311), (31Γ) or the kingpin positioning steel plate (32), (32'), the kingpin positioning connection device (3) is inserted and fixed in the positioning cross bar or the positioning steel plate mounting hole (23), (23'); The drive shaft installation device (4) includes two transverse connecting pipes (441), (441,); the transverse connecting pipes (441), (44Γ) are horizontally or vertically inserted and fixed in the transverse connecting pipe mounting holes (28), ( 28'), and both ends are affixed to the connecting piece (442) (442'), and the connecting piece (442), (442,) is equipped with drive shaft bearings (44), (44,). 17. The miniature four-wheel vehicle frame according to claim 15, characterized in that: the drive shaft installation device (4) also includes a grooved guide plate (491), a guide plate positioning shaft (412) and a rear reducer Vibrator (43), (43 '); The front end of grooved guide plate (491) is hinged with the guide plate positioning shaft (412) installed in the guide plate positioning shaft mounting hole (26); Connecting pipe (441), ( 44) is inserted and fixed in the preset round holes on both sides of the rear end of the grooved guide plate (491), and the drive shaft bearings (44), (44) are installed on the connecting pieces (442), (442') at both ends '); The upper and lower ends of the rear shock absorber (43), (43') are respectively connected with the rear shock absorber shaft installed in the rear shock absorber shaft mounting hole (27) (45) and connecting pipe (441) are hinged on both sides. 18. A miniature four-wheeled vehicle, comprising a frame, a pair of front wheels and a pair of rear wheels, a driving device, a steering device, and a brake device, characterized in that: the frame includes interconnected upper frames (1) and off the shelf (2), on the shelf (1) and the lower frame (2) include respective upper surfaces and lower surfaces, at least one of the upper and lower surfaces is a plane or constitutes an installation plane, and the front and rear ends of the vehicle frame are alternatively provided with The king pin positioning connection device (3) and the drive shaft installation device (4), the steering rod positioning tube (7) is installed on the front part inclined backward, and 1-5 connecting frames or connecting frames are installed between the upper and lower frames. Rod (5). 19. The miniature four-wheeled vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that: the cross-sections of the upper frame (1) and the lower frame (2) are selected from the group consisting of straight, T-shaped, trough-shaped, hollow rectangle, and horizontally juxtaposed One of the double-round tube shapes and two-side tube shapes juxtaposed horizontally; the double-round tube or two-side tube-shaped upper and lower frames are made of round or square tubes connected horizontally by horizontal tubes; the upper frame (1 ) is bent downward into a circular arc and connected to the front end of the lower frame (2), and then extended downwards, backwards, and upwards to form an inverted trapezoidal front bottom and then connected to the lower frame (2), after the upper frame (1) The end is bent downward and fixedly connected with the lower frame (2), the width of the upper frame and the lower frame is equal and the two sides are aligned up and down; the lower frame (2) The middle part is equipped with the center shaft bushing installation frame (6). 20. The miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that: the cross-section of the upper frame (1) is straight, and the middle section is a straight line or a concave arc segment, and the upper frame (1) The front and rear ends of the frame are downwardly curved arc segments, and the lower frame (2) is two horizontally arranged flat plates arranged side by side, with 4 to 8 intermediary planes connecting them to form a frame structure; and the The front part of the lower frame (2) is provided with a positioning bar or a positioning steel plate mounting seat (23), (23'), and the middle part of the lower frame (2) is provided with a center shaft sleeve mounting seat (24) and a brake shaft sleeve Mounting seat (25), the rear part of the lower frame (2) is provided with a transverse connecting pipe mounting seat (28), (28'), and the rear upper end of the upper frame (1) and the middle rear part of the lower frame (2) are respectively provided with a rear shock absorber Shaft mounting seat (27) and swing arm or guide plate positioning shaft mounting seat (26), above-mentioned mounting seats, upper frame (1), lower frame (2) and connecting frame (5) are integrally injection molded with plastic, prefabricated Steering rod positioning tube (7) is also injection molded together. 21. The miniature four-wheel vehicle according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that: the steering rod positioning tube (7) is equipped with a rotatable steering rod bushing through the positioning tube bearings (71), (7Γ) (70), the steering rod (72) that can slide up and down is inserted into the steering rod sleeve (70) and fixed on the proper position of the steering rod sleeve (70) through the quick release fastening ring (73); The central axis sleeve mounting frame (6) or the central axis sleeve mounting seat (24) is equipped with a central axis sleeve, a central axis (61) and a pedal part (611). Axle (47) passes drive shaft bearing (44), (44,), and its one end is fixedly connected with a rear wheel, and the other end is articulated with another rear wheel through bearing, and the middle part of drive shaft (47) is connected with pedal assembly (611) or the corresponding part of the sprocket in the power machine is equipped with a flywheel; Include kingpin (35), (35 ') in the described steering gear; Kingpin (35), (35 ') install bearing (33), (33') is hinged with kingpin positioning steel plate (32), (32'), kingpin positioning crossbar (311), (31Γ) or A-shaped kingpin guide plate (341), (341'), and is fixed on Left and right steering knuckles (37), (37, ) and left and right steering knuckle arms are respectively equipped with the kingpin connecting block (36), (36,) outer side and rear side of kingpin (35), (35,) (38), (38, ), steering knuckle arm (38), (38') rear end is hinged with the two ends of the steering tie rod (39), and a pair of steering wheels are installed on the steering knuckle (37), (37') respectively.