CN1793079A - Compound fertilizer for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1793079A CN1793079A CN 200510057356 CN200510057356A CN1793079A CN 1793079 A CN1793079 A CN 1793079A CN 200510057356 CN200510057356 CN 200510057356 CN 200510057356 A CN200510057356 A CN 200510057356A CN 1793079 A CN1793079 A CN 1793079A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 97
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 71
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 33
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 23
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 19
- 235000005976 Citrus sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 240000002319 Citrus sinensis Species 0.000 description 19
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 12
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 206010022971 Iron Deficiencies Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 208000008167 Magnesium Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 235000004764 magnesium deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000018343 nutrient deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001522083 Citrus trifoliata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000000404 Poncirus trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010048259 Zinc deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011985 X Citroncirus webberi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000235262 X Citroncirus webberi Species 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020983 fruit intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940023495 irrigation product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a compounding fertilizer used in purple soil area orange drip irrigation system and the manufacture method. It is made from urea 90-110 portions, potassium chloride 20-35 portions, magnesium nitrate 20-40 portions, zinc nitrate 0.10-0.30 portion, iron chelate 1.0-2.0 portions, borax 0.20-0.40 portions. The method is smashing the raw material and mixing in the container. It uses in purple soil area could balance the fertilizer efficiency. It could obviously improve the output of orange.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound manure that is used for orange drip irrigation system, particularly a kind of compound manure that is used for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Oranges and tangerines are one of China's advantageous agricultural products of national planning, and China's oranges and tangerines area the first in the world reaches more than 2,200 ten thousand mu.Wherein, about 5,000,000 mu are planted in purple soil area.Because the maturity of purple soil is low, soil layer is shallow, alkalescence is strong, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, is subject to drought impact, and magnesium deficiency appears easily, nutritional deficiency diseases such as manganese deficiency, iron deficiency, scarce zinc, have a strong impact on orange yield and quality.In order to address this problem, in recent years, domesticly begin to promote oranges and tangerines garden drip irrigation system with fertilizing functions.Now, only more than 30,000 mu of fertilising drip irrigation system has just been installed in the oranges and tangerines garden of reservoir area of Three Gorges, and still in quick growth.Yet, because of not being fit to the orange drip irrigation system dedicated fertilizer of purple soil area soil and irrigation water condition, bring following subject matter when adopting common chemical fertilizer drip irrigation: 1, common chemical fertilizer is most is single nutritive element, and a kind of nutrient can only be provided when carrying out fertigation; If 2 carry out fertigation after mixing with multiple chemical fertilizer is simple, not only be easy to generate untoward reactions such as precipitation, and inaccessible oranges and tangerines grow to the requirement of balance of nutritive element, utilization rate of fertilizer is low; 3, the oxide content of calcium and iron (this iron can not be absorbed by oranges and tangerines) is very high in the irrigation water of purple soil area, and a lot of chemical fertilizer form precipitation, blocking filter and water dropper easily with it in water; 4, the soil pH value of purple soil area is usually more than 7.5, nutritional deficiency symptoms such as zinc, magnesium deficiency, iron deficiency and manganese deficiency (the pH value does not occur this class nutritional deficiency disease when following substantially 7) appear easily lacking in oranges and tangerines, adopt common chemical fertilizer drip irrigation can not solve this class nutritional deficiency problem, also be difficult to solve the too high problem of soil pH value; 5, most chemical fertilizer dissolution raties in water commonly used are slow, and when being used for fertigation, the dissolution process of fertilizer is wasted time and energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound manure of orange drip irrigation system of ecological condition such as soil, water source of suitable purple soil area.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of this compound manure.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of compound manure that is used for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system, it is formed by following set of dispense ratio: 90～110 parts in urea, 20～35 parts in Repone K, 20～40 parts of magnesium nitrates, 0.10～0.30 part of zinc nitrate, 1.0～2.0 parts of chelated irons, 0.20～0.40 part of borax, all by weight.
The optimum ratio of above-mentioned compound manure is: 90～102 parts in urea, and 27～29 parts in Repone K, 27～29 parts of magnesium nitrates, 0.10～0.14 part of zinc nitrate, 1.1～1.3 parts of chelated irons, 0.32～0.38 part of borax, all by weight.
Another object of the present invention is achieved in that the preparation method of above-mentioned compound manure, it is characterized in that, it is with above-mentioned each component particles raw material pulverizing, places the container mixing to get final product then.
In order to make each component mixing in the above-mentioned compound manure more even, result of use is better, and its concrete preparation method is: above-mentioned each component particles raw material separated pulverizing is to powder, placed apart; At first the urea of pulverizing is added in the exsiccant agitator then,, get final product Yi Bian add Repone K, chelated iron, borax, magnesium nitrate and zinc nitrate mixing more successively in proportion Yi Bian slowly stir.In whole process of preparation, must not sneak into organism, water and other impurity.
Product of the present invention is the compound manure of being made by various ingredients, each nutritive element content is after testing: nitrogen 23～42%, potassium 5～16%, magnesium 1～3%, zinc 0.012～0.050%, iron 0.03～0.09%, boron 0.006～0.018%, by weight percentage.
Product fertilizer efficiency balance of the present invention promotes that the effect of oranges and tangerines sapling up-growth is obvious.Equate to adopt product fertigation of the present invention under the condition at nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount of application, oranges and tangerines sapling up-growth amount improves 50%～98% than conventional fertilizer application.When treelet began to go into operation, single plant yield increased by 26%～35%, thereby has improved fertilizer utilization ratio widely.
Product of the present invention also can significantly improve the output of the mandarin tree that grows up simultaneously.For example adopt product fertigation of the present invention, the fruit yield of bearing orchard improves 25.8%～30.2%, and relative utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 29%, and potassium utilization rate improves 44%.
Develop because of ecological conditions such as the special soil of product of the present invention, water sources in addition at purple soil area, the fertilizer efficiency balance, so adopt product fertigation of the present invention after 1 year, common magnesium deficiency, scarce zinc, iron deficiency and the boron deficiency symptom in alkalescence purple soil area orange garden disappears substantially, the fixed point drip irrigation is after 1 year continuously, in the 20cm radius, purple soil (alkalescence) pH value reduces by 0.3～0.4 around drip irrigation point.The fixed point drip irrigation is after 2 years continuously, and drip irrigation point surrounding soil pH reduces by 0.5～0.8.After the local soil acidifying, originally content is abundant but because of the too high elements such as iron, zinc, magnesium, boron and manganese that can not be absorbed by oranges and tangerines of soil pH in the purple soil, becomes gradually to absorb form.Estimate to adopt the continuous fertigation of product of the present invention 6～8 years, water dropper moved a position in per 2 years, after this fertilising can no longer add iron, zinc, boron and manganese element, because after the fertigation of product of the present invention makes the local soil acidifying, this dvielement that discharges in the soil is enough kept the needs of oranges and tangerines growth result.
Product of the present invention is dissolving easily in the calcareous water of purple soil area, does not have precipitation, and is easy to use, can not produce obstruction to drip irrigation system.
The contriver once made proof test to product of the present invention:
Test one: product of the present invention is to promoting the effect of summer orange sapling up-growth
1, materials and methods
Tested in 2002～2004 years and carry out in oranges and tangerines institute of Chongqing Bei Bei Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences experiment orchard, soil type is a calcareous purple soil, between the soil pH value 7.5～8.0, and water source for irrigation pH 7.2～7.3.The oranges and tangerines kind of planting is Delta summer orange/Schwinger trifoliate orange shaddock anvil, spring calendar year 2001 field planting bud seedling, 3 meters of spacing in the rows, 5 meters of line-spacings.Drip irrigation system is an Israel Netafilm company product, every next root drip irrigation pipe of row tree, and on drip irrigation pipe, pacify the water dropper (every strain 4 water droppers) that flow is 3L/h every 75cm.Spring in 2002 began manurial experiment, will test tree and be divided into fertigation district and the common cave fertilization area that digs, and every district's test tree quantity is respectively 50 strains.
The 50 strains tree in fertigation district, used fertilizer is product of the present invention, and it is dissolved in the fertilizer tank of drip irrigation system, by annotating fertile pump, carries out fertigation, annual 3-8 month fertigation 6 times.Because of product of the present invention does not contain phosphate fertilizer, dig cave soil and execute normal superphosphate one time annual July under tree crown.
The common 50 strains tree that digs the cave fertilization area, the year purity nitrogen of its individual plant, pure potassium, pure phosphorus amount of application are set identical with 50 strains in fertigation district, but used fertilizer is common urea, Repone K and calcium superphosphate, fertilizer adopts traditional cave soil that digs to execute, annual 3,5,6, August, under tree crown, dig cave soil and execute once.2002-2004 rate of fertilizer application and fertilizing method see Table 1-1.
The fertigation district is identical with common other cultivation managements that dig the cave fertilization area.Annual in growth season end back (mid-November) investigation trunk rugosity, the height of tree, tree crown size.Beginning result in 2004, investigation statistics is fruit yield then.
The comparison test (2002-2004) on Delta summer orange treelet of table 1-1 product of the present invention and common chemical fertilizer
| Time | Fertilizer is handled | Year rate of fertilizer application/strain (by weight of fertilizer, gram) | Nutritive element content in the fertilizer (gram/strain) | Fertilizing method |
| 2002 (2 years trees) | Product of the present invention | Product 500 calcium superphosphate 300 of the present invention | Nitrogen 163 magnesium 15 phosphorus 36 zinc 0.09 potassium 79 iron 0.23 boron 0.07 | Product of the present invention is dissolved in the irrigation water, carries out fertigation 6 times dividing the 3-8 month.Calcium superphosphate is disposable the finishing in primary excavation cave in July. |
| Common chemical fertilizer | Urea 350 Repone K 160 calcium superphosphate 300 | Nitrogen 161 phosphorus 36 potassium 80 | Fertilizer divides 4 times, respectively 3,5,6, dig the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes August. | |
| 2003 (3 years trees) | Product of the present invention | Product 800 calcium superphosphate 500 of the present invention | Nitrogen 261 magnesium 23 phosphorus 60 zinc 0.14 potassium 127 iron 0.37 boron 0.10 | Product of the present invention is dissolved in the irrigation water, carries out fertigation 6 times dividing the 3-8 month.Calcium superphosphate is disposable the finishing in primary excavation cave in July. |
| Common chemical fertilizer | Urea 570 Repone K 260 calcium superphosphate 500 | Nitrogen 262 phosphorus 60 potassium 130 | Fertilizer divides 4 times, respectively 3,5,6, dig the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes August. | |
| 2004 (4 years trees) | Product of the present invention | Product 1100 calcium superphosphate 800 of the present invention | Nitrogen 360 magnesium 32 phosphorus 96 zinc 0.19 potassium 174 iron 0.51 boron 0.14 | Product of the present invention is dissolved in the irrigation water, carries out fertigation 6 times dividing the 3-8 month.Calcium superphosphate is disposable the finishing in primary excavation cave in July. |
| Common chemical fertilizer | Urea 800 Repone K 350 calcium superphosphate 800 | Nitrogen 368 phosphorus 96 potassium 175 | Fertilizer divides 4 times, respectively 3,5,6, dig the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes August. |
2, test-results
See Table 1-2, when on-test (spring in 2002), the test of drip irrigation product of the present invention and common chemical fertilizer tree size is very approaching, and trunk rugosity, the height of tree and the tree crown volume of two district's test trees all do not have significant difference.But after test was carried out 3 years continuously, when growth season finished to the winter in 2004, the tree body difference in size of two different fertilizer treatment zones was extremely remarkable.Dig the mandarin tree of the usefulness of spreading manuer in holes with common chemical fertilizer and compare, the mandarin tree of adopting product of the present invention to carry out fertigation, the trunk rugosity increases by 39%, and the height of tree increases by 51%, and the tree crown volume increases by 98%.The test tree began in 2004 to go into operation, the mandarin tree of adopting product of the present invention to carry out fertigation, and single plant yield increases by 35%.
Field observation is found, digs the major part test tree of spreading manuer in holes with common chemical fertilizer, moderate iron deficiency phenomenon is all arranged every year, and slight magnesium deficiency, scarce zinc and manganese deficiency phenomenon are arranged.And the test tree of adopting product of the present invention to carry out fertigation, since summer in 2002, the branch nutritional deficiency symptom of new growth was rarely found, only had a small amount of branch of a small amount of tree that slight iron deficiency phenomenon is arranged once in a while.
Table 1-2 product of the present invention and common chemical fertilizer compare Delta summer orange sapling up-growth result's effect
(being respectively the mean value of 50 strains tree)
| Fertilizer is handled | Spring in 2002 tree body size | Winter in 2004 tree body size | 2004 annual production | ||||||
| Trunk thick (CM) | The height of tree (CM) | Tree crown volume (M 3) | Trunk thick (CM) | The height of tree (CM) | Tree crown volume (M 3) | Tree crown (%) | Kilogram/strain | Relative value (%) | |
| Product of the present invention | 2.1 | 86 | 0.23 | 6.8 | 242 | 3.80 | 198 | 9.2 | 135 |
| Common chemical fertilizer | 2.2 | 84 | 0.22 | 4.9 | 160 | 1.92 | 100 | 6.8 | 100 |
| The significance of difference | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | Extremely remarkable | Extremely remarkable | Extremely remarkable | - | Extremely remarkable | - |
3, conclusion
Delta summer orange treelet on alkaline purple soil carries out fertigation with product of the present invention, and is extremely remarkable to the effect that promotes sapling up-growth.Under the identical condition of year purity nitrogen, the pure potassium amount of application of individual plant, to compare with using common chemical fertilizer, the trunk rugosity of test of products tree of the present invention after 3 years increases by 39%, the height of tree increases by 51%, the tree crown volume increases by 98%.When beginning to go into operation, single plant yield increases by 35%.
Product of the present invention makes the magnesium deficiency of Xia Chengshu, scarce zinc and manganese deficiency transference cure, and the iron deficiency symptom is alleviated greatly, and few slight iron deficiency phenomenon is only arranged.And set with the test of common chemical fertilizer, there are slight iron deficiency, magnesium deficiency, lack zinc and manganese deficiency symptom to moderate.
Test two products of the present invention to promoting the effect of navel orange sapling up-growth
1, materials and methods
Test period, place, drip irrigation facility, fertilizer type and test method are identical with test one, and different is that test materials is this navel orange of good fortune/Ka Lizuo citrange anvil, spring calendar year 2001 field planting budlet seedling.Fertigation district and common test tree quantity of digging the cave fertilization area are respectively 80 strains.2002-2004 rate of fertilizer application and fertilizing method see Table 2-1.
Table 2-1 product of the present invention and common chemical fertilizer compare this navel orange of good fortune sapling up-growth result's effect
(2002-2004)
| Time | Fertilizer is handled | Year rate of fertilizer application/strain (by weight of fertilizer, gram) | Nutritive element content in the fertilizer (gram/strain) | Fertilizing method |
| 2002 (2 years trees) | Product of the present invention | Product 500 calcium superphosphate 300 of the present invention | Nitrogen 163 magnesium 15 phosphorus 36 zinc 0.09 potassium 79 iron 0.23 boron 0.07 | Product of the present invention is dissolved in the irrigation water, carries out fertigation 6 times dividing the 3-8 month.Calcium superphosphate is disposable having executed in primary excavation cave in July. |
| Common chemical fertilizer | Urea 350 Repone K 160 calcium superphosphate 300 | Nitrogen 161 phosphorus 36 potassium 80 | Fertilizer divides 4 times, respectively 3,5,6, dig the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes August. | |
| 2003 (3 years trees) | Product of the present invention | Product 800 calcium superphosphate 500 of the present invention | Nitrogen 261 magnesium 23 phosphorus 60 zinc 0.14 potassium 127 iron 0.37 boron 0.10 | Product of the present invention is dissolved in the irrigation water, carries out fertigation 6 times dividing the 3-8 month.Calcium superphosphate is disposable having executed in primary excavation cave in July. |
| Common chemical fertilizer | Urea 570 Repone K 260 calcium superphosphate 500 | Nitrogen 262 phosphorus 60 potassium 130 | Fertilizer divides 4 times, respectively 3,5,6, dig the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes August. | |
| 2004 (4 years trees) | Product of the present invention | Product 1100 calcium superphosphate 800 of the present invention | Nitrogen 360 magnesium 32 phosphorus 96 zinc 0.19 potassium 174 iron 0.51 boron 0.14 | Product of the present invention is dissolved in the irrigation water, carries out fertigation 6 times dividing the 3-8 month.Calcium superphosphate is disposable having executed in primary excavation cave in July. |
| Common chemical fertilizer | Urea 800 Repone K 350 calcium superphosphate 800 | Nitrogen 368 phosphorus 96 potassium 175 | Fertilizer divides 4 times, respectively 3,5,6, dig the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes August. |
2, test-results
See Table 2-2, when beginning was tested in imperial examination held in spring in 2002, the test tree size of product of the present invention and common chemical fertilizer was basic identical, does not have the significance of difference.After carrying out continuous 3 years manurial experiments, utmost point significant difference then appears in each test tree increment that the winter in 2004 was measured.Adopt common chemical fertilizer to dig this navel orange of good fortune of the usefulness of spreading manuer in holes, growth potential is medium on the weak side, ubiquity moderate magnesium deficiency and slight iron deficiency symptom, and summer shoot and autumn growth idol have zinc deficiency symptom.And this navel orange of good fortune that adopts product of the present invention to carry out fertigation, it is strong to grow, and tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, and blade is big and dark green, without any nutritional deficiency symptom.Dig with common chemical fertilizer and to spread manuer in holes with comparing, adopt the tree trunk rugosity of product of the present invention to increase by 26%, the height of tree increases by 24%, and the tree crown volume increases by 50%, and the single plant yield of just go into operation (2004) increases by 26%.
Table 2-2 product of the present invention and common chemical fertilizer compare this navel orange of good fortune sapling up-growth result's effect
(being respectively the mean value of 80 strains tree)
| Fertilizer is handled | Spring in 2002 tree body size | Winter in 2004 tree body size | 2004 annual production | ||||||
| Trunk thick (CM) | The height of tree (CM) | Tree crown volume (M 3) | Trunk thick (CM) | The height of tree (CM) | Tree crown volume (M 3) | Tree crown (%) | Kilogram/strain | Relative value (%) | |
| Product of the present invention | 1.8 | 68 | 0.18 | 5.8 | 198 | 2.7 | 150 | 5.3 | 126 |
| Common chemical fertilizer | 1.7 | 71 | 0.19 | 4.6 | 160 | 1.8 | 100 | 4.2 | 100 |
| The significance of difference | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | Extremely remarkable | Extremely remarkable | Extremely remarkable | -- | Extremely remarkable | -- |
3, conclusion
This navel orange of good fortune treelet on alkaline purple soil carries out fertigation with product of the present invention, and is extremely remarkable to the effect that promotes sapling up-growth.Execute common chemical fertilizer and compare with digging cave soil, under the identical situation of the year of individual plant purity nitrogen, pure potassium amount of application, the trunk rugosity of test of products tree of the present invention after 3 years increases by 26%, the height of tree increases by 24%, the tree crown volume increases by 50%.When beginning to go into operation, single plant yield increases by 26%.
Adopt product of the present invention to carry out this navel orange of good fortune tree of fertigation, do not have any nutritional deficiency symptom.And set with the test of common chemical fertilizer, there are moderate magnesium deficiency and slight iron deficiency symptom, and have odd scarce zinc to occur.
Test the effect of three products of the present invention to friend's Na navel orange bearing tree growth result
1, materials and methods
Tested in 2002～2004 years and carry out in oranges and tangerines institute of Chongqing Bei Bei Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences production orchard, soil type is a weakly alkaline purple soil, between the soil pH value 7.2～7.5, and water source for irrigation pH7.2～7.3.The oranges and tangerines kind of planting is friend's Na navel orange/trifoliate orange anvil, spring field planting in 1984,3.5 meters of spacing in the rows, 4 meters of line-spacings.Spring in 2002 was installed Israel Netafilm company drip irrigation facility, 4 water droppers that flow is 3L/h of every strain tree peace.To test tree and be divided into fertigation district and the common cave fertilization area that digs, every district's test tree quantity is respectively 30 strains.
30 strains in fertigation district tree, the fertilizer of using is product of the present invention, fertilizer is by fertigation, annual 3-8 month fertigation 6 times.In addition, under tree crown, dig cave soil and execute normal superphosphate one time annual July.
The common cave fertilization area that digs, the year purity nitrogen of its individual plant is identical with the fertigation district with pure phosphorus amount of application, but the pure potassium amount of application of individual plant increases by 13% than fertigation district.Used fertilizer is common urea, Repone K and calcium superphosphate.Adopt traditional cave soil that digs to execute, in annual 3,5,6, August, under tree crown, dig cave soil and execute once.The rate of fertilizer application in 2002-2004 every year identical with fertilizing method (table 3-1).
The fertigation district is identical with common other cultivation managements that dig the cave fertilization area.Every year is (early December) statistics single plant yield and analysis fruit quality when fruit picking.Because of bearing tree will be pruned every year, control growing, tree bulk-growth amount is not included scope of statistics in.
Table 3-1 product of the present invention and the comparison test of common chemical fertilizer on friend's Na navel orange bearing tree
(2002-2004)
| Time | Fertilizer is handled | Year rate of fertilizer application/strain (by weight of fertilizer, gram) | Nutritive element content in the fertilizer (gram/strain) | Fertilizing method |
| 2002-2004 | Product of the present invention | Product 2000 calcium superphosphate 2000 of the present invention | Nitrogen 650 magnesium 58 phosphorus 240 zinc 0.34 potassium 310 iron 0.92 boron 0.26 | Product of the present invention carries out fertigation 6 times dividing the 3-8 month.Calcium superphosphate is disposable having executed in primary excavation cave in July. |
| Common chemical fertilizer | Urea 1420 Repone K 700 calcium superphosphate 2000 | Nitrogen 653 phosphorus 240 potassium 350 | Fertilizer divides 4 times, respectively 3,5,6, dig the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes August. |
2, test-results
See Table 3-2, adopt the 30 strains tree of product of the present invention, in continuous 3 years test, the annual output all utmost point is significantly higher than the tree of using common chemical fertilizer, and 27.3%, 3 year accumulative total of volume increase in 2002 volume increase in 25.8%, 2003 year volume increase in 30.2%, 2004 year increases production 28%.
Calculate with the cumulative productions in 3 years, the test tree of product of the present invention, the purity nitrogen consumption of per hundred kilograms of fruits is that 1423 grams, pure potassium consumption are 679 grams.Common chemical fertilizer test tree, the purity nitrogen consumption of per hundred kilograms of fruits are that 1831 grams, pure potassium consumption are 981 grams.Test of products tree of the present invention, the relative consumption nitrogenous fertilizer of producing 100 kilograms of fruits reduces 29%, consumes the potassium amount relatively and reduces by 44% (table 3-3).
Through the fruit quality analysis in every year, use the fruit size, appearance color, soluble solid, sugar degree of friend's Na navel orange of product of the present invention and solid acid and compare etc., and dig friend's Na navel orange fruit of spreading manuer in holes and do not have difference with common chemical fertilizer.
Through field observation, dig friend's Na navel orange of spreading manuer in holes with common chemical fertilizer, performance slight magnesium deficiency symptom and odd autumn growth zinc deficiency symptom to moderate, and adopt friend's Na navel orange of product of the present invention not have any nutritional deficiency symptom.
Table 3-2 product of the present invention and common chemical fertilizer are to friend's Na navel orange bearing tree rate ratio
(being respectively the mean value of 30 strains tree)
| Fertilizer is handled | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 3 years accumulative total | ||||
| Kilogram/strain | Volume increase | Kilogram/strain | Volume increase | Kilogram/strain | Volume increase | Kilogram/strain | Volume increase | |
| Product of the present invention | 39 | 25.8％ | 56 | 30.2％ | 42 | 27.3％ | 137 | 28.0％ |
| Common chemical fertilizer | 31 | -- | 43 | -- | 33 | -- | 107 | -- |
| The significance of difference | Extremely remarkable | -- | Extremely remarkable | -- | Extremely remarkable | -- | -- | -- |
Table friend 3-3 Na navel orange uses nitrogen, the relative utilization ratio of potassium nutrition element in product of the present invention and the common chemical fertilizer
| Fertilizer is handled | 3 gross annual output amounts (kilogram/strain) | 3 years purity nitrogen consumptions (gram/strain) | Hundred kilograms of fruit nitrogen consuming amounts (gram) | Relative nitrogen consuming amount (%) | 3 years pure potassium application rates (gram/strain) | Hundred kilograms of fruit consumption potassium amounts (gram) | Consume potassium amount (%) relatively |
| Product of the present invention | 137 | 1950 | 1423 | 100 | 930 | 679 | 100 |
| Common chemical fertilizer | 107 | 1959 | 1831 | 129 | 1050 | 981 | 144 |
3, conclusion
Friend's Na navel orange bearing tree carries out fertigation with product of the present invention, can significantly improve output, and fruit quality is not had detrimentally affect.Execute and compare with the cave soil that digs of common chemical fertilizer, reduce at identical, year pure potassium amount of application of individual plant year purity nitrogen amount of application under 13% the condition, the per unit area yield of test of products tree of the present invention increases by 25.8%～30.2%, and the relative consumption nitrogenous fertilizer of producing 100 kilograms of fruits reduces 29%, consumes the potassium amount relatively and reduces 44%.
Product of the present invention can overcome the appearance of nutritional deficiency symptoms such as the magnesium deficiency of navel orange tree and scarce zinc.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of compound manure that is used for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system, it is formed by following set of dispense ratio: 90 parts in urea, 20 parts in Repone K, 20 parts of magnesium nitrates, 0.10 part of zinc nitrate, 1.0 parts of chelated irons, 0.20 part of borax is in weight part.
In this example, urea is fertilizer grade, and Biuret Content is no more than 2%, totally not moisture absorption; Repone K is fertilizer grade, and foreign matter content is no more than 2%, totally not moisture absorption; Magnesium nitrate is a fertilizer grade, and foreign matter content is no more than 2%; Zinc nitrate is a chemical pure, and foreign matter content is no more than 2%; Borax is a chemical pure, and foreign matter content is no more than 2%; Chelated iron is a fertilizer grade, and chelated iron content is not less than 6%.
The preparation method: with above-mentioned each component particles raw material pulverizing, place the container mixing to get final product then, but must not sneak into organism in its preparation process, water and other impurity.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of compound manure that is used for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system, it is formed by following set of dispense ratio: 92 parts in urea, 23 parts in Repone K, 23 parts of magnesium nitrates, 0.11 part of zinc nitrate, 1.1 parts of chelated irons, 0.25 part of borax is in weight part.
Preparation method: above-mentioned each component particles raw material separated pulverizing is to powder, placed apart; At first the urea of pulverizing is added in the exsiccant agitator then, slowly stirring gets final product Yi Bian add above-mentioned Repone K, chelated iron, borax, magnesium nitrate and zinc nitrate mixing more successively on one side, but must not sneak into organism in its preparation process, water and other impurity.
Embodiment 3～embodiment 8:
The weight part proportioning of each component raw material is pressed table 4; The grade of each component raw material and content requirement thereof are with embodiment 1; Preparation process is with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
The weight part proportioning of each component raw material among table 4 the present invention
。
| Material name | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 | Embodiment 8 |
| Urea | 95 | 98 | 102 | 105 | 108 | 110 |
| Repone K | 25 | 27 | 29 | 31 | 33 | 35 |
| Magnesium nitrate | 25 | 27 | 29 | 33 | 37 | 40 |
| Zinc nitrate | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 |
| Chelated iron | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
| Borax | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.4 |
Claims (4)
1, a kind of compound manure that is used for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system, it is formed by following set of dispense ratio: 90～110 parts in urea, 20～35 parts in Repone K, 20～40 parts of magnesium nitrates, 0.10～0.30 part of zinc nitrate, 1.0～2.0 parts of chelated irons, 0.20～0.40 part of borax, all by weight.
2, the compound manure that is used for purple soil area orange drip irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by 90～102 parts in urea, 27～29 parts in Repone K, 27～29 parts of magnesium nitrates, 0.10～0.14 part of zinc nitrate, 1.1～1.3 parts of chelated irons, 0.32～0.38 part of borax is all formed by weight.
3, the preparation method who is used for the compound manure of purple soil area orange drip irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: with described each component particles raw material pulverizing, place the container mixing to get final product then in proportion.
4, the preparation method who is used for the compound manure of purple soil area orange drip irrigation system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described each component particles raw material separated pulverizing is to powder, placed apart; At first the urea of pulverizing is added in the exsiccant agitator then,, get final product Yi Bian add described Repone K, chelated iron, borax, magnesium nitrate and zinc nitrate mixing more in proportion successively Yi Bian slowly stir.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101258825B (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2010-08-18 | 湖南省经济地理研究所 | Purple soil slope land abandoned land young economic fruit and green manure collocation forestation method |
| CN101580438B (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-01-04 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | Navel orange nutritional deficiency etiolation correcting multivariant leaf fertilizer, preparation and use method thereof |
| CN102584390A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-18 | 九禾股份有限公司 | Orange package fertilizer and fertilization method |
| CN103183551A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-07-03 | 陈卫文 | Compound fertilizer applicable to citrus cultivation in milled/low-fertility area |
| CN103183555A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-07-03 | 陈卫文 | Compound fertilizer applicable to citrus cultivation in high-fertility area |
| CN104541646A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 广东烟草清远市有限公司 | Method for improving tobacco-planting soil in south purple soil drought sloping land |
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Family Cites Families (3)
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| CN1180060A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 1998-04-29 | 山西省临猗县磷酸二氢钾厂 | Compound multi-component potassium dihydrogen phosphate |
| CN1189432C (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-02-16 | 呼世斌 | Long-acting compound nutrient injection for fruit tree and applying method |
| CN1631850A (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-06-29 | 山东理工大学 | biological foliar fertilizer |
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- 2005-11-02 CN CNB200510057356XA patent/CN100391908C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101258825B (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2010-08-18 | 湖南省经济地理研究所 | Purple soil slope land abandoned land young economic fruit and green manure collocation forestation method |
| CN101580438B (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-01-04 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | Navel orange nutritional deficiency etiolation correcting multivariant leaf fertilizer, preparation and use method thereof |
| CN102584390A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-18 | 九禾股份有限公司 | Orange package fertilizer and fertilization method |
| CN102584390B (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2014-01-01 | 九禾股份有限公司 | Orange package fertilizer and fertilization method |
| CN103183551A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-07-03 | 陈卫文 | Compound fertilizer applicable to citrus cultivation in milled/low-fertility area |
| CN103183555A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-07-03 | 陈卫文 | Compound fertilizer applicable to citrus cultivation in high-fertility area |
| CN104541646A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 广东烟草清远市有限公司 | Method for improving tobacco-planting soil in south purple soil drought sloping land |
| CN104541646B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-02-23 | 广东烟草清远市有限公司 | A kind of method for improveing Purple Soil in South China arid hillside field tobacco-growing soil |
| CN113387755A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-14 | 华强化工集团股份有限公司 | Citrus drip irrigation fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN118164799A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-06-11 | 国投新疆罗布泊钾盐有限责任公司 | A special formula fertilizer for lemon fruit setting suitable for purple soil and its application |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN100391908C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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