Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cellular activated-carbon catalyst and methods for making and using same that can efficiently remove nitrogen oxide at low temperatures.
Catalyst of the present invention is made up of Alveolate activated carbon capable and active component, and its percentage by weight consists of: Alveolate activated carbon capable 92-99.5%, active component 0.5-8%, active component are one or more metal oxides of iron, manganese, vanadium.
Aforesaid Alveolate activated carbon capable is by being mixed into the plasticity material by coal dust and adhesive, and extrusion molding then, drying, charing, steam activation obtain, and concrete making step sees that application number is 200410092429.4 patent of invention.
Preparation of catalysts method of the present invention is that the salt with one or more metal active compositions of iron, manganese, vanadium is mixed with solution, adopts equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable, and drying, calcining, oxidation obtain then.
Aforesaid molysite or manganese salt are nitrate, and vanadic salts is an ammonium metavanadate.
Catalyst application process of the present invention makes catalyst filling in reactor, and reaction temperature is controlled at 120-250 ℃, feeds flue gas, and the operation air speed is 500-3000h
-1Condition under carry out denitration, NO
XConversion ratio reaches 50-95%.
Advantage of the present invention is:
Have characteristics such as purification efficiency height, non-secondary pollution, bed resistance be low.Can be used for the improvement of industrial tail gas, be particularly useful for the improvement of big air quantity boiler smoke, nitric acid tail gas.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1, preparation Alveolate activated carbon capable
(1) coal dust configuration: brown coal and coking coal are crushed to respectively≤2mm, then by quality than brown coal: after coking coal=mixing in 1: 0.3, be ground to below the 74 μ m coal dust that obtains mixing again.
(2) emulsification coal tar: the first step, bitumen content are that 57% high temperature coal-tar is preheated to 120 ℃; Second step, the preparation emulsifier aqueous solution.Add 4% surfactant (is benchmark with coal tar) and 0.5% stabilizing agent (is benchmark with coal tar) in the water, and be preheated to 80 ℃ and form emulsifier aqueous solutions; In the 3rd step, press high temperature coal-tar: emulsifier aqueous solution (mass ratio)=1: 0.5 slowly adds coal tar under stirring condition and makes emulsification coal tar in the emulsifier aqueous solution.The surfactant of emulsification high temperature coal-tar is a sodium lignin sulfonate, and stabilizing agent is a calcium chloride.
(3) processing of plasticity coal slime: coal dust in proportion: emulsification coal tar: water: polyvinyl alcohol: tung oil=38: 36: 20: add in kneaders at 4: 2 and to stir, make plastic coal slime.
(4) pugging: the plasticity coal slime is handled through vacuum deairing machine or extrusion shaping machine, and coal slime is mixed, and removes the large particulate matter that above-mentioned operation may be brought into 60 purpose silk screen filter then in make-up machine.
(5) extrusion molding: the coal slime adding after pugging is handled is equipped with in the extrusion shaping machine of honeycomb steel mold, is to carry out moulding, the honeycomb ceramics that obtains wetting under the 7Mpa in briquetting pressure.
(6) drying: wet honeycomb ceramics is dried to moisture and is lower than 2%.
(7) charing and activation: as protection gas, be heated to 600 ℃ with nitrogen or argon gas by 3 ℃/min of programming rate, and charing 2 hours under this temperature; Being warmed up to 800 ℃ by 5 ℃/min of programming rate then, is activated media activation 10 hours with steam, obtains Alveolate activated carbon capable.
2, preparation cellular activated-carbon catalyst and application
The ammonium metavanadate solution of configuration 0.01g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier; place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 4h in 500 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that pentoxide content is 0.5% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 120 ℃, and air speed is 500h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen are balance gas, with 500ppm NH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 80% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 2:
The ammonium metavanadate solution of configuration 0.02g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 4h in 500 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that pentoxide content is 1.0% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 120 ℃, and air speed is 1200h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen is balance gas, with 500ppmNH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 60% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 3:
The ammonium metavanadate solution of configuration 0.04g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 4h in 500 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that pentoxide content is 2.0% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 200 ℃, and air speed is 1200h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen is balance gas, with 500ppmNH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 78% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 4:
The ammonium metavanadate solution of configuration 0.05g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 4h in 500 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that pentoxide content is 2.5% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 250 ℃, and air speed is 2000h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen is balance gas, with 500ppmNH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 65% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 5:
The manganese nitrate solution of configuration 0.043g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 3h in 200 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 5h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that manganese dioxide content is 4.5% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 120 ℃, and air speed is 1200h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen are balance gas, with 500ppm NH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 65% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 6:
The manganese nitrate solution of configuration 0.018g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 3h in 200 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 10h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that manganese dioxide content is 2% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 150 ℃, and air speed is 1800h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen are balance gas, with 500ppm NH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 85% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 7:
The iron nitrate solution of configuration 0.013g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 3h in 200 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that ferric oxide content is 4% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 120 ℃, and air speed is 1200h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen is balance gas, with 500ppmNH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 57% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 8:
The iron nitrate solution of configuration 0.026g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 4h in 200 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that ferric oxide content is 8% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 200 ℃, and air speed is 1800h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen are balance gas, with 500ppm NH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 70% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 9:
The iron nitrate solution of configuration 0.0066g/ml; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection, calcine 4h in 500 ℃; then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain the cellular activated-carbon catalyst that ferric oxide content is 2% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Ф 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 250 ℃, and air speed is 2000h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen is balance gas, with 500ppmNH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 90% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 10:
Manganese nitrate 0.043g, ferric nitrate 0.66g join in the 100ml water; be configured to solution; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection in 500 ℃ the calcining 4h, then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain MnO
2, Fe
2O
3Content is respectively the cellular activated-carbon catalyst of 1%, 2% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 150 ℃, and air speed is 1500h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen are balance gas, with 500ppm NH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 84% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 11:
Ferric nitrate 0.66g, ammonium metavanadate 2g join in the 100ml water; be configured to solution; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection in 500 ℃ the calcining 4h, then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain Fe
2O
3, V
2O
5Content is respectively the cellular activated-carbon catalyst of 2%, 1% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 200 ℃, and air speed is 2000h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4%H
2O, nitrogen are balance gas, with 500ppm NH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 90% under this operating condition.
Embodiment 11:
Manganese nitrate 0.043g, ferric nitrate 0.66g, ammonium metavanadate 2g join in the 100ml water; be configured to solution; adopt equi-volume process dipping Alveolate activated carbon capable carrier (preparation of absorbent charcoal carrier is with embodiment 1); place 2h; in 120 ℃ of dry 3h; under nitrogen protection in 500 ℃ the calcining 4h, then in air in 250 ℃ of oxidation 8h, obtain MnO
2, Fe
2O
3, V
2O
5Content is respectively the cellular activated-carbon catalyst of 1%, 2%, 1% (percentage by weight).Get length and place reactor (Φ 20mm) for the 50mm catalyst, the control reaction temperature is at 250 ℃, and air speed is 3000h
-1, simulated flue gas consists of 500ppm NO, 4% O
2, 3.4% H
2O, nitrogen are balance gas, with 500ppm NH
3Be reducing agent, the NO conversion ratio is 95% under this operating condition.