CN1791029A - Method and system for automatically gaining configuration management server initial allocation - Google Patents
Method and system for automatically gaining configuration management server initial allocation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method to automatic acquire initial configuration of management server, which comprises: A. with acquirement unit, after starting, running the auto-configuration command to acquire the IP address and port number and share key of configuration management server center by dynamic host configuration protocol; B. with read unit connected to said acquirement unit, the configuring device uses self device SN as its unique label in network. This invention can solve problem that lots of branch devices need to repeat configure the initial configuration of management server.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network technology, particularly relate to a kind of method and system of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically.
Background technology
Traditional network management software is mainly by Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP, Simple NetworkManagement Protocol), agreement such as Telnet realizes the management to equipment, this requires webmaster at first will determine the IP address of managed device, and can initiatively initiate to ask and connect, i.e. webmaster active management equipment to managed device.If equipment adopts the IP address of dynamic assignment or IP address not to fix, this has just increased the difficulty of active management; If equipment is positioned at NAT gateway back, will turn turtle based on the webmastering software of agreements such as SNMP or telnet.Simultaneously, in the network environment of reality, network edge device often disposes similar and enormous amount, and traditional manual way to manage will make webmaster face a large amount of loaded down with trivial details duplications of labour.
At present, in order to address the above problem, and proposition BIMS (Branch Intelligent ManagementSystem) branch's site intelligent management, pass through HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) (HTTP between BIMS webmaster side and the equipment side, Hypertext Transfer Protocol) carries out communication, the advantage that adopts HTTP to communicate is its firewall-penetrating easily, and agreement is simple, easily expansion, can realize equipment that dynamically obtains the IP address or centralized monitor and the management that is positioned at the branched network point device of NAT gateway back; Especially when the network-termination device basic identical to service application, that quantity is huge and widely distributed managed, BIMS can greatly improve efficiency of managing, saves management cost greatly.Its concrete implementation procedure sees for details shown in Figure 1.
Described BIMS comprises two parts: equipment side 11 and BIMS administrative center side 12, and described BIMS administrative center side is the webmaster side, both sides adopt http protocol to communicate.Described webmaster side 12 is as hypertext transfer protocol server HTTP Server, and equipment side 11 is as HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) terminal HTTPClient, regularly initiatively visits webmaster by equipment and realizes management to equipment.When equipment was initiatively visited webmaster, the current configuration file of reporting equipment, the characteristic information of device software were judged whether and need be upgraded equipment by webmaster, thus the characteristics that embody address the above problem intelligent and be easy to manage.
Described equipment side 11 need be ID fixing, that the whole network is unique of each equipment disposition, the webmaster side is come identification equipment with this ID, and be no longer dependent on the IP address of equipment, often change and can not influence the identification of webmaster so equipment has public network or private network IP address or IP address equipment.The functional characteristics of its BIMS mainly comprises: 1) support the configuration file and the device software of batch device are upgraded automatically; 2) support batch device is configured modification; 3) support is to the preservation of device history configuration file; 4) preservation of support equipment upgrading historical record; 5) support is to the monitoring of device upgrade progress.
But described BIMS equipment side need be realized the initial configuration of BIMS by the configuration order row, and described BIMS initial configuration comprises: the unique ID of configuration device; Key is shared in configuration; The IP address and the port numbers of configuration NM server.This initial configuration mainly realizes that by manual operations repeated workload is big on every equipment, if each equipment region decentralization height, then the manpower and materials of required cost will be bigger.In addition, equipment side need be fixing and unique sign ID of the whole network of each equipment disposition, described unique ID is designated a character string, need plan uniquely identified nomenclature principle and each devices allocation unique identification in advance for being managed, and make sign that certain meaning be arranged, with convenient management in webmaster GUI side.But this identifier needs loaded down with trivial details planning, such as, can plan that represent Beijing as ID-1, ID-2 represents Shanghai etc. according to the region, this planning duplicates easily, causes managerial confusion, if stolen, also causes the problem of fail safe easily.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides a kind of method and system of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically, needs the problem of repeated configuration management server initial configuration to solve a large amount of branch equipment;
In addition, the present invention also solves the ID that needs in the present network by loaded down with trivial details planning equipment and comes marking equipment uniqueness problem, to improve internet security.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of method of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically, described method comprises step:
A, device power to be configured move automatic configuration order after starting, by DHCP to central apparatus obtain the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key;
B, equipment to be configured are with the unique identification of Equipment Serial Number as this equipment in the network own.
The process of obtaining described in the steps A comprises:
21) on physical interface, encapsulate DHCP, to central apparatus application IP Address requests;
22) central apparatus responds this request, and is this devices allocation IP address;
23) after equipment to be configured obtains the IP address, to the request of IP address, port numbers and the shared key at central apparatus application configuration management server center;
24) the central apparatus feedback has the response message of configuration information, and described configuration information comprises: the IP address at configuration management server center and port numbers, shared key.
The process of obtaining described in the steps A comprises:
31) on physical interface, encapsulate DHCP, to the request of IP address, port numbers and the shared key at central apparatus application IP address, configuration management server center;
32) the central apparatus feedback has the response message of configuration information, and described configuration information comprises: distribute to the IP address of equipment to be configured, IP address, port numbers and the shared key at configuration management server center.
Step 24) or 32) described in OPTION 217 territories of response message with the form of IP:PORT:SHAREKEY write the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key.
Step 24) configuration information comprises described in: the domain name at configuration management server center, port numbers and shared key; Perhaps
Step 32) configuration information comprises described in: distribute to the IP address of equipment to be configured, domain name, port numbers and the shared key at configuration management server center.
Central apparatus is by resolving the IP address at domain name acquisition configuration management server center.
Described central apparatus is the server with DHCP function.
Described method also comprises:
Equipment to be configured regularly sends the configuration management request to the configuration management server center, and described configuration management request comprises: Equipment Serial Number, device type, current current systems soft ware, the shared key of startup configuration file, equipment of equipment;
Described configuration management server center is according to the legitimacy of Equipment Serial Number judgment device, and judges whether that according to the current startup configuration file of equipment to be configured needs are to this device upgrade and management.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of system that obtains the configuration management server initial configuration automatically, and described system comprises:
Acquiring unit, after device power to be configured starts, by automatic configuration order and DHCP obtain the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key;
Reading unit links to each other with acquiring unit, is used for reading the Equipment Serial Number of the flash memory of equipment to be configured own, and with the unique identification of described Equipment Serial Number as this equipment in the network.
Described system also comprises:
The configuring request unit links to each other with reading unit with acquiring unit respectively, after equipment to be configured obtains initial configuration information, regularly sends the configuration management request to the configuration management server center;
Judge administrative unit, link to each other with the configuring request unit, described configuration management server center is according to the legitimacy of the Equipment Serial Number judgment device in this configuration management request, and current configuration management request judges whether that needs are to this device upgrade and management according to equipment to be configured.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: mainly to be equipment to be configured or branch equipment obtain the parameters (such as the IP address of BIMS administrative center and port numbers, the Equipment Serial Number sharing key and read this equipment) of configuration server initial configuration and parse by DHCP technical scheme of the present invention automatically.In addition, described parameter also comprises domain name, also can obtain the IP address of BIMS administrative center and port numbers etc. by resolving domain name.Solving equipment to be configured or a large amount of branch equipment needs the problem of configuration management server (as: BIMS) initial configuration, alleviates the configuration effort amount, realizes the zero configuration of branch equipment.In addition, the unique sign of indication equipment that is used for of the present invention is the sequence number of equipment, this Equipment Serial Number is to burn in advance to put in each equipment, thereby need in the solution network to come marking equipment by the planning device id, save steps such as loaded down with trivial details planning, configuration device unique identification, and improved fail safe.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of branch site intelligent management in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that obtains the method for configuration management server initial configuration automatically of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that obtains configuration management server initial configuration system automatically of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is that pairing Equipment Serial Number identifies this equipment when at first every equipment being dispatched from the factory, to reduce the step of loaded down with trivial details planning ID in the prior art; After device power to be configured starts, if do not detect configuration file, then move automatic configuration order and finish automatically that link connects and generate dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP Client state on physical interface, seek automatically central apparatus (such as, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server), obtain the IP address; After this equipment to be configured adopted the IP address, central apparatus sent to equipment to be configured with the IP address and the configuration informations such as port numbers, shared key at configuration management server center, so that equipment to be configured initiates to connect to the configuration management server center; After described equipment to be configured receives described configuration information, read the Equipment Serial Number of self, send the configuration management request, set up with it and be connected, finish initial configuration to the configuration management server center; After described configuration management server center receives this management request,, and determine that according to the current startup configuration file of equipment whether needs are upgraded to this equipment and managed according to the legitimacy of Equipment Serial Number judgment device.
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See also Fig. 2, be the flow chart that obtains the method for configuration management server initial configuration automatically of the present invention, described method comprises step:
Step S11: device power to be configured is moved automatic configuration order after starting, by DHCP to central apparatus obtain the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key;
Step S12: equipment to be configured is with the unique identification of in-house facility sequence number as this equipment in the network.
At first, before explanation the present invention, introduce following technology earlier:
Automatically configuration auto-config: this function be one can detect automatically the network equipment installed and used for the first time (such as router etc.), the convenient function of configuration automatically.After the equipment physical connection was finished and powered on, this equipment finished automatically that link connects and generate dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP Client state, seeks central apparatus automatically, and described central apparatus has the server of DHCP function, obtained the IP address.It can detect and dispose all sync cap serial automatically under the situation that does not need user intervention, asynchronous interface Controller (E1/T1/E3/T3), Ethernet interface Ethernet, AM (AnalogModem) interface, move telnet then, ftp, services such as web, automatically finish control by pre-configured network center equipment (router or configurating terminal) to peripheral router, this function is mainly used in the mid-range-and-low-end routers of enterprise network end, can build the automatic remote configuration network at the physical interface type that provides on the router to be configured.
Equipment Serial Number Serial Number: be that each equipment dispatches from the factory the sequence number of a correspondence is all arranged, described sequence number just is written among the flash of (burning is put) equipment when equipment dispatches from the factory, is the unique identification of this equipment.
Configuration management server (such as BIMS): for the user provides a way to manage very easily, equipment is provided the update functions of an intelligent configuration file and application program.For equipment side, mainly comprise the configuration of the following aspects: the unique identifier of configuration device (the present invention identifies this equipment by Equipment Serial Number), the IP address at configuration BIMS center and port and BIMS both sides' shared key are to dispose, the mode at device access BIMS center then can be selected configuration, both can be that the automatic back of visiting conducted interviews according to the certain intervals time when powering on, also can be in the time period of appointment, to visit according to certain time interval, or fill order makes equipment zero access BIMS center etc., the renewal and the upgrading of realization configuration automatically.
Scheme of the present invention mainly is that the cooperation by automatic configuration auto-config function, configuration management server BIMS and Equipment Serial Number Serial Number realizes the batch upgrade scheme to branch equipment.If equipment to be configured links to each other with central apparatus (such as center router) by physical interface, behind the electrifying startup, equipment to be configured can utilize auto-config and dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP Client to finish layoutprocedure automatically, and BIMS administrative center can regularly treat configuration device (or in batches branch equipment) and upgrades.
Be example with the Ethernet interface below, illustrate that branch equipment of the present invention obtains the process of configuration management server initial configuration automatically, its specific implementation flow process of obtaining automatic configuration is:
After device power to be configured starts, detect whether there is configuration file, if detect configuration file, then direct running configuration file is not carried out the auto-config function.If there is not configuration file, and detect the default configuration file (vrpcfg.def) that dispatches from the factory, then carry out the default configuration file that dispatches from the factory, do not carry out the auto-config function.
If do not detect above configuration file, then move auto-config order (the auto-config enabler flags is enable under the default situation) automatically, encapsulation DHCP Client agreement on the Ethernet interface is sent discovery DISCOVER broadcasting packet application IP address to the opposite end central apparatus.If the central apparatus of opposite end has the DHCP function, and be responsible for to equipment to be configured (such as router to be configured) distributing IP address, and respond the OFFER message as DHCP Server.After described equipment to be configured obtains the IP address, send request REQUEST message to central apparatus or DHCP Server, notice central apparatus or this IP address of DHCP Server are used.Described central apparatus or DHCP Server postback and reply the ACK message, simultaneously this reply in OPTION 217 (the being option 217) territory of ACK message with the form of ip:port:sharekey write configuration management server center BIMS Server IP address and port numbers, share configuration informations such as key, so that equipment to be configured initiates to connect to configuration management server center BIMS Server after a while.Described equipment to be configured is from IP address and the shared key that parses BIMS Server the ACK message of replying of the DHCP Server that receives, and reads the Equipment Serial Number of oneself.Wherein, also can reply the configuration informations such as domain name, port numbers and shared key that write configuration management server center BIMS Server in OPTION 217 (the being option 217) territory of ACK message with the form of ip:port:sharekey at this, described equipment to be configured obtains the IP address of configuration management server by resolving this domain name.
In addition, equipment to be configured obtains the IP address at configuration management server center and port numbers, shares key to central apparatus, can also be by on physical interface, encapsulating DHCP, the while is to IP address, port numbers and the shared key at central apparatus application IP address, configuration management server center; Described central apparatus feedback has the response message of configuration information, and described configuration information comprises: distribute to IP address, the configuration management server center of equipment to be configured IP address and port numbers, share key.Configuration information entrained in response message can also comprise: distribute to the IP address of equipment to be configured, domain name, port numbers and the shared key at configuration management server center; Described central apparatus obtains the IP address at configuration management server center by resolving this domain name.
Equipment to be configured sends configuration management request bims request according to the IP address of BIMS Server to the configuration management server center, and visit BIMS Server finishes final configuration.Described configuration management request comprises: Equipment Serial Number, device type, the current current systems soft ware of startup configuration file, equipment of equipment.These information vias carry with the HTTP message after sharing secret key encryption.
After described configuration management server center BIMS Server receives the HTTP message of sending,, judge the legitimacy of this equipment to be configured according to Equipment Serial Number through data decryption.Described sequence number is that producer's burning is put in the FLASH of equipment to be configured, and the configuration management server center can be by searching and authenticate the legitimacy of judgment device.That is to say, be provided with the database of device-dependent message to be configured in the configuration management server in the heart, these information are to read in the external packing of slave unit, set up equipment information database to be configured in the server by manually being input to.When the configuration management server center receives the configuration management request of equipment to be configured, by resolving the Equipment Serial Number of this this equipment to be configured of request acquisition, and compare in already present Equipment Serial Number itself, if it is identical, think that then this equipment is legal, and determine whether that according to the current characteristic informations such as startup configuration file of equipment needs upgrade to this equipment to be configured, otherwise, think that this equipment to be upgraded is illegal equipment.Wherein, in fact described characteristic information comprises the version number of software on the equipment, the particular content of configuration file.The difference of the strategy by comparing these information and user's deployment facility determines whether the configuration of updating apparatus software or equipment.
Suggestion adds 4: described automatic layoutprocedure automatically performs when being device start, does not need manual intervention.Automatically after configuration was finished, equipment just can be installed to each branch site, thereby realized professional quick deployment.So, directly being dealt into each branch site after equipment can dispatch from the factory and installing by the workman, electrifying startup disposes automatically afterwards, connects BIMS Server.Whole process does not need human intervention, sharpest edges of the present invention just.After equipment installed, visit BIMS Server server that can be regular was realized the renewal and the upgrading of configuration automatically.When equipment operation gets up, can from flash, read this Equipment Serial Number.Under the situation that equipment is managed concentratedly, the visit that each equipment also effectively prevents illegality equipment can be distinguished by Equipment Serial Number by BIMS administrative center.
Certainly, physical interface of the present invention is not limited to Ethernet interface, can also comprise: synchronous serial interface, asynchronous Controller (E1/T1/E3/T3) interface and AM (Analog Modem) interface etc.Described synchronous Serial interface, encapsulation ppp link agreement on this interface, all Serial interfaces are operated under the PPP Negotiate mode, specify default the user name and password, support services such as telnet, ftp.Described Controller (e1/e3/t3) interface uses the using{e1|t3|e3} order, and Mr. becomes corresponding serial interface, and then finishes the configuration identical with the Serial interface; Described Controller (t1) interface is bundled into a serial ports by the channel-set order with all time slots, and finishes the configuration identical with the Serial interface.Described AM interface, the configuration effort mode is a stream mode, and the coded format of modem is set, and supports the terminal service.The present invention except the agreement or utility command that itself encapsulate, encapsulates DHCP Client agreement for above-mentioned interface again on this agreement or utility command on this interface, and send discovery DISCOVER broadcasting packet application IP address to the opposite end central apparatus.Its later implementation procedure is identical with the implementation procedure of Ethernet interface, specifically sees for details aforementionedly, does not repeat them here.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of system that obtains the configuration management server initial configuration automatically, and the structural representation of this system sees Fig. 3 for details.Described system comprises: acquiring unit 21, reading unit 22, configuring request unit 23 and judgement administrative unit 24.Described acquiring unit 21, after device power to be configured starts, by automatic configuration order and DHCP obtain the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key; Described reading unit 22 links to each other with acquiring unit 21, is used for reading the Equipment Serial Number of the flash memory of equipment to be configured own, and with the unique identification of described Equipment Serial Number as this equipment in the network; Described configuring request unit 23 links to each other with reading unit 22 with acquiring unit 21 respectively, after equipment to be configured obtains initial configuration information, regularly sends the configuration management request to the configuration management server center; Described judgement administrative unit 24, link to each other with configuring request unit 23, described configuration management server center is according to the legitimacy of the Equipment Serial Number judgment device in this configuration management request, and current configuration management request judges whether that needs are to this device upgrade and management according to equipment to be configured.The specific implementation process of each unit is identical with the implementation procedure of said method in the described system, please see for details above-mentionedly, is not giving unnecessary details at this.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment system of the present invention is described further.
Please refer to Fig. 4, be an embodiment of system of the present invention.Described system comprises: a plurality of equipment 31 to be configured, central apparatus 32 and configuration management server center 33; Wherein, described a plurality of equipment 31 to be configured, after this device power, on physical interface, finish the link connection automatically and generate DHCP, obtain the IP address at configuration management server center 33 and port numbers, share key to central apparatus 32, and the Equipment Serial Number that reads self, and with the unique identification of described Equipment Serial Number as this equipment in the network; And access configuration management server center 33 initiatively, report the characteristic information of the current configuration file of this equipment, device software.Described physical interface comprises: sync cap, asynchronous interface, Ethernet interface and AM interface; Described Equipment Serial Number is to burn in advance to put in equipment to be configured.Described central apparatus 32, link to each other 32 with a plurality of equipment to be configured respectively, server with DHCP function, be responsible for to equipment to be configured 31 distributing IP addresses, and with the IP address and the port numbers at configuration management server center 33, share key feeds back to this employing IP address with the form of response message equipment to be configured.Described configuration management server center 33, link to each other with central apparatus 32 with a plurality of equipment 31 to be configured respectively, judge the legitimacy of this equipment according to the Equipment Serial Number of equipment 31 to be configured, and judge whether that according to the characteristic information that reports current configuration file, device software needs upgrade this equipment, and realize centralized management to this equipment 31 to be configured.
In addition, configuration management server of the present invention is that example illustrates with the BIMS server, but be not limited to the BIMS server, the present invention can be used in various configuration management servers, and that the initiation parameter of configuration also can comprise is multiple, be not limited to the configuration management server center IP address, port numbers, share the unique identification (such as ID, Equipment Serial Number) of key, equipment etc.Can also be such as the IP address that obtains the configuration management server center by obtaining the domain name of configuration management server, equipment to be configured obtains by resolving this domain name.That is to say that central apparatus is according to the request of equipment to be configured, domain name, port numbers and the shared key of configuration management server sent to equipment to be configured, equipment to be configured obtains the IP address at configuration management server center by resolving this domain name again.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically is characterized in that, comprising:
A, device power to be configured move automatic configuration order after starting, by DHCP to central apparatus obtain the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key;
B, equipment to be configured are with the unique identification of Equipment Serial Number as this equipment in the network own.
2, according to the described method of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically of claim 1, it is characterized in that the process of obtaining described in the steps A comprises:
21) on physical interface, encapsulate DHCP, to central apparatus application IP Address requests;
22) central apparatus responds this request, and is this devices allocation IP address;
23) after equipment to be configured obtains the IP address, to the request of IP address, port numbers and the shared key at central apparatus application configuration management server center;
24) the central apparatus feedback has the response message of configuration information, and described configuration information comprises: the IP address at configuration management server center and port numbers, shared key.
3, according to the described method of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically of claim 1, it is characterized in that the process of obtaining described in the steps A comprises:
31) on physical interface, encapsulate DHCP, to the request of IP address, port numbers and the shared key at central apparatus application IP address, configuration management server center;
32) the central apparatus feedback has the response message of configuration information, and described configuration information comprises: distribute to the IP address of equipment to be configured, IP address, port numbers and the shared key at configuration management server center.
4, according to claim 2 or the 3 described methods of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically, it is characterized in that step 24) or 32) described in OPTION 217 territories of response message with the form of IP:PORT:SHAREKEY write the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key.
5, according to claim 2 or the 3 described methods of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically, it is characterized in that,
Step 24) configuration information comprises described in: the domain name at configuration management server center, port numbers and shared key; Perhaps
Step 32) configuration information comprises described in: distribute to the IP address of equipment to be configured, domain name, port numbers and the shared key at configuration management server center.
According to the described method of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically of claim 4, it is characterized in that 6, central apparatus is by resolving the IP address at domain name acquisition configuration management server center.
7, according to claim 1,2, the 3 or 5 described methods of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically, it is characterized in that described central apparatus is the server with DHCP function.
8, according to the described method of obtaining the configuration management server initial configuration automatically of claim 1, it is characterized in that described method also comprises:
Equipment to be configured regularly sends the configuration management request to the configuration management server center, and described configuration management request comprises: Equipment Serial Number, device type, current current systems soft ware, the shared key of startup configuration file, equipment of equipment;
Described configuration management server center is according to the legitimacy of Equipment Serial Number judgment device, and judges whether that according to the current startup configuration file of equipment to be configured needs are to this device upgrade and management.
9, a kind of system that obtains the configuration management server initial configuration automatically is characterized in that, comprising:
Acquiring unit, after device power to be configured starts, by automatic configuration order and DHCP obtain the configuration management server center IP address and port numbers, share key;
Reading unit links to each other with acquiring unit, is used for reading the Equipment Serial Number of the flash memory of equipment to be configured own, and with the unique identification of described Equipment Serial Number as this equipment in the network.
10, the described according to Claim 8 system that obtains the configuration management server initial configuration automatically is characterized in that, described system also comprises:
The configuring request unit links to each other with reading unit with acquiring unit respectively, after equipment to be configured obtains initial configuration information, regularly sends the configuration management request to the configuration management server center;
Judge administrative unit, link to each other with the configuring request unit, described configuration management server center is according to the legitimacy of the Equipment Serial Number judgment device in this configuration management request, and current configuration management request judges whether that needs are to this device upgrade and management according to equipment to be configured.
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2005
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