CN1774094A - A radio base station system and its transmitting and receiving information method - Google Patents
A radio base station system and its transmitting and receiving information method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无线基站系统，包括：至少一个基带单元，且集中设置；以及至少一个射频远端单元；所述每个基带单元和射频远端单元中分别包括至少一个用于光/电信号互换的光接口；利用各自的光接口，基带单元与射频远端单元通过光纤连接。本发明还公开了上述系统收发信息的方法，发送方法为：A.基带单元将需发送的电信号转化为光信号，再发送给射频远端单元；B.射频远端单元将接收到的光信号转化为电信号之后，再处理发射。接收方法为：a.射频远端单元将接收的电信号转化为光信号再传送给基带单元；b.基带单元将收到的光信号转化为电信号后，再对该电信号进行处理。本发明能集中管理基带单元，使射频单元分布覆盖通讯区域，节省成本，提高处理效率。
The invention discloses a wireless base station system, comprising: at least one baseband unit, which is centrally arranged; and at least one radio frequency remote unit; each of the baseband unit and the radio frequency remote unit includes at least one optical/electrical An optical interface for signal exchange; the baseband unit and the radio frequency remote unit are connected through optical fibers by using their respective optical interfaces. The invention also discloses a method for sending and receiving information of the above system, the sending method is as follows: A. the baseband unit converts the electrical signal to be sent into an optical signal, and then sends it to the radio frequency remote unit; B. the radio frequency remote unit converts the received optical signal After the signal is converted into an electrical signal, it is processed for transmission. The receiving method is as follows: a. The radio frequency remote unit converts the received electrical signal into an optical signal and then transmits it to the baseband unit; b. The baseband unit converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, and then processes the electrical signal. The invention can centrally manage the baseband unit, make the radio frequency unit distributed and cover the communication area, save the cost and improve the processing efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the networking technology in the wireless telecommunication system, relate in particular to a kind of wireless base system and transmit and receive the method for information.
Background technology
At present, in the networking process of third generation wireless telecommunication system (3G), for example in the networking process of code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system and Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication system (WCDMA), three sector modes are mainstream configuration modes, be that each site all adopts macro base station to carry out the signal covering, a plurality of macro base stations are formed a kind of wireless base system.Referring to Fig. 1, in the existing macro base station, mainly comprise: Base Band Unit 101 and radio frequency unit 102 connect by cable between them.Wherein, Base Band Unit 101 comprises again: baseband data processor 103 is used to handle base band data; And spread spectrum/despreader 104, be used for the base band data that sends is carried out being transferred to radio frequency unit 102 behind the spread spectrum, and the data that receive are carried out being transferred to baseband data processor 103 after the despreading.Radio frequency unit 102 comprises again: transceiver 105 is used for receiving and sending radiofrequency signal; Power amplifier 106 is used to amplify the radiofrequency signal that will send.Wherein transceiver 105 comprises again: IQ modulator/demodulator 107, filter 108, digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter 109 and radio-frequency (RF) device 110.
The process that above-mentioned existing macro base station sends data is: baseband data processor 103 sends to spread spectrum/despreader 104 with base band data and carries out spread spectrum, base band data behind the spread spectrum sends to radio frequency unit 102, in radio frequency unit 102, this base band data is earlier through 107 modulation of IQ modulator/demodulator, send to afterwards and carry out filtering in the filter 108, be converted to analog signal by digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter 109 again, this analog signal is through radio-frequency (RF) device 110 radio frequencies, and, send by antenna 111 by after power amplifier 106 amplifications.
The process that above-mentioned existing macro base station receives data is: the signal that antenna 111 receives directly enters radio-frequency (RF) device 110 and carries out radio frequency processing, be converted to data-signal by digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter 109 again, after filter 108 filtering, carry out demodulation by IQ modulator/demodulator 107, spread spectrum/despreader 104 that restituted signal sends to Base Band Unit 101 carries out despreading, and the data after the despreading are delivered in the baseband data processor and handled.
Because in the macro base station of above-mentioned prior art, connect by cable between Base Band Unit 101 and the radio frequency unit 102, and because the attenuation characteristic of cable transmission signal, it is too far away to make Base Band Unit 101 and radio frequency unit 102 not to be separated by, therefore industry generally puts together Base Band Unit 101 and radio frequency unit 102 at present, causes macro base station to take bigger machine room area.Referring to Fig. 2, existing networking needs all will place macro base station in each site, and adopts honeycomb to cover the whole communications zone that needs covering.Therefore this macro base station takes up space greatlyyer, needs special machine room and antenna land used, land used cost height not only, and also the machine room resource is quite deficient at present, and the difficulty of searching machine room is big.In addition, because a Base Band Unit can only cooperate a radio frequency unit, therefore existing macro base station can't be managed concentratedly Base Band Unit, and treatment effeciency is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of wireless base system, can manage concentratedly the Base Band Unit of base station, makes the distributed covering communication of radio frequency unit zone, saves cost, improves treatment effeciency.
Another object of the present invention provides the method that above-mentioned wireless base system transmits and receives information, can manage concentratedly the Base Band Unit of base station equally, makes the distributed covering communication of radio frequency unit zone, saves cost, improves treatment effeciency.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of wireless base system, this system comprises: at least one Base Band Unit, and at least one RF remote unit; Described Base Band Unit is concentrated and is provided with; Comprise respectively in described each Base Band Unit and the RF remote unit that at least one is used for the optical interface that light/signal of telecommunication exchanges; Utilize optical interface separately, Base Band Unit is connected by optical fiber with RF remote unit.
As a kind of preferred version of wireless base system of the present invention, comprise a plurality of optical interfaces in the described Base Band Unit, each optical interface connects with different RF remote unit respectively by optical fiber.
As another preferred version of wireless base system of the present invention, a plurality of described RF remote units are by the optical fiber cascade, and wherein at least one RF remote unit is connected with the optical interface of described Base Band Unit by optical fiber.
Further comprise the common public radio interface CPRI logical block in described Base Band Unit and the RF remote unit respectively, be used for data are carried out CPRI format conversion and parsing;
CPRI logical block in the described Base Band Unit is converted to the CPRI form with the data that need send to RF remote unit, add the optical interface that sends to Base Band Unit in the CPRI Frame to, and receive the data that RF remote unit that the optical interface of Base Band Unit receives sends and resolve;
The data that the optical interface of the CPRI logical block received RF far-end unit in the RF remote unit is received from Base Band Unit, parse the data that self need, and the data that will receive from the external world are converted to the CPRI form and are inserted into the CPRI Frame, are sent to the optical interface of RF remote unit.
As a preferred version again of wireless base system of the present invention, described each RF remote unit is connected with a Base Band Unit, and all Base Band Unit are concentrated and to be arranged in the baseband equipment.
A kind of method of wireless base system emission information, described wireless base system comprises at least one Base Band Unit and RF remote unit, Base Band Unit is concentrated and is provided with, and is connected with RF remote unit by optical fiber;
This method comprises:
A, Base Band Unit are light signal with the electrical signal conversion that need send to RF remote unit, with the corresponding relation of himself signal described light signal are sent to corresponding RF remote unit according to each RF remote unit that sets in advance;
After B, RF remote unit are received light signal, light signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication, carries out the information emission and handle.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned wireless base system emission information approach, described corresponding relation is an optical interface in the corresponding Base Band Unit of each RF remote unit;
The described signal process of transmitting of steps A is: Base Band Unit is sent to optical interface corresponding with this RF remote unit in self with the signal that need send to RF remote unit.
As another preferred version of above-mentioned wireless base system emission information approach, the transmission signals between described Base Band Unit and the RF remote unit is the form of Frame, and described corresponding relation is a time slot in each RF far-end module corresponding data frame,
The described signal process of transmitting of steps A is: Base Band Unit places the corresponding time slot of Frame with the data that need send to RF remote unit, and sends to RF remote unit after being converted to light signal;
RF remote unit described in the step B further comprises after the light signal that receives is converted to the signal of telecommunication: read the data of self corresponding time slot from the signal of telecommunication of form of data frames, carry out the information emission and handle.
Described Frame meets the common public radio interface form.
A kind of wireless base system receives the method for information, and described wireless base system comprises at least one Base Band Unit and RF remote unit, and Base Band Unit is concentrated and is provided with, and is connected with RF remote unit by optical fiber;
This method comprises:
A, RF remote unit are converted into light signal with the signal of telecommunication after the information that receives from the external world is carried out radio frequency processing, send to Base Band Unit;
After b, Base Band Unit are received light signal, light signal is converted into the signal of telecommunication, and determines the RF remote unit that each signal is corresponding with the corresponding relation of himself signal, carry out Base-Band Processing according to each RF remote unit that sets in advance.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned wireless base system reception information approach, described corresponding relation is an optical interface in the corresponding Base Band Unit of each RF remote unit;
Deterministic process described in the step b is: Base Band Unit is determined the RF remote unit of each signal correspondence according to the optical interface of receiving each light signal.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned wireless base system reception information approach, the transmission signals between described Base Band Unit and the RF remote unit is the form of Frame, and described corresponding relation is a time slot in each RF far-end module corresponding data frame;
RF remote unit described in the step a carries out further comprising after the radio frequency processing to the information that receives from the external world: the data that obtain are added to Frame and this RF remote unit time slot corresponding;
Deterministic process described in the step b is: Base Band Unit is known the pairing RF remote unit of data in each time slot according to the corresponding relation of each time slot and RF remote unit in the Frame.
Described Frame meets the common public radio interface form.
Because the present invention adopts optical interface to be connected Base Band Unit and radio frequency unit with optical fiber, utilize the advantage of optical fiber remote transmission signal, make Base Band Unit from an equipment, separate with radio frequency unit, radio frequency unit can be placed on outside tens kilometers even tens kilometers of Base Band Unit, therefore can carry out distributed covering with radio frequency unit, promptly but the site of each in networking is as long as place outdoor and both covering communication zone of radio frequency unit that land area is less and antenna, thereby solved machine room scarcity of resources problem, reduced the land used cost; Simultaneously, a plurality of Base Band Unit of radio frequency unit correspondence can be placed in the equipment of a central machine room, and whole operation maintenance can be concentrated in this equipment and be carried out, and has not only improved and has safeguarded treatment effeciency, and saved a large amount of machine room resource and maintenance workload.
In addition, the present invention can utilize existing abundant fiber resource to connect Base Band Unit and radio frequency unit, and input cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing macro base station;
Fig. 2 utilizes the networking schematic diagram in macro base station covering communication zone for prior art;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the described wireless base system of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the networking schematic diagram that utilizes the described wireless base system covering communication of embodiment of the invention zone;
Fig. 4 A be shown in the structural representation of the described base band cabinet of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that described Base Band Unit of the embodiment of the invention and RF remote unit pass through the star fashion networking;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that described Base Band Unit of the embodiment of the invention and RF remote unit pass through the cascade system networking;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart that the wireless base system of the described employing star fashion of embodiment of the invention networking sends information;
Fig. 8 is the flow chart that the wireless base system of the described employing star fashion of embodiment of the invention networking receives information;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart that the wireless base system of the described employing cascade system of embodiment of the invention networking sends information;
Figure 10 is the flow chart that the wireless base system of the described employing cascade system of embodiment of the invention networking receives information.
Embodiment
Further specify implementation method of the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 3, comprise in the described wireless base system of present embodiment: Base Band Unit 201 and radio frequency unit 202, connect by optical fiber between them,, therefore following radio frequency unit 202 is called RF remote unit 202 because the radio frequency unit 202 of present embodiment is placed on the far-end of Base Band Unit 201.Wherein, Base Band Unit 201 comprises again: baseband data processor 103 is used to handle base band data; Spread spectrum/despreader 104 is used for the base band data that sends is carried out spread spectrum, and the rf data of receiving is carried out despreading; At least one optical interface 203, being used for the signal of telecommunication that Base Band Unit produces is converted into can be by the light signal of Optical Fiber Transmission, and will be converted into the signal of telecommunication that can handle for Base Band Unit from the light signal of RF remote unit 202.RF remote unit 202 comprises again: at least one optical interface 203, and the light signal that is used for receiving is converted into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication that sends is converted into light signal; Transceiver 105 is used for sending and received RF signal; Power amplifier 106 is used to amplify the radiofrequency signal that will send.Wherein transceiver 105 comprises again: IQ modulator/demodulator 107, filter 108, digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter 109 and radio-frequency (RF) device 110, because the part of described transceiver and operation principle no longer describe in detail for existing known technology herein.
Comprise at least one Base Band Unit 201 in the described base station system of present embodiment, each Base Band Unit 201 respectively corresponding at least one different RF remote unit 202, each RF remote unit 202 links to each other with Base Band Unit 201 with optical fiber by optical interface, the data of 202 pairs of different radio frequency far-end units of this Base Band Unit focus on, and RF remote unit 202 can be by fiber optic stretch to tens even tens kilometers outer far-ends, and because volume is less, can zoom out step by step and be placed in each covering communication sub-district, special-purpose machine room needn't be set, both satisfy the purpose of coverage cell, saved the machine room resource again.
Referring to Fig. 4, These characteristics in view of present embodiment, present embodiment can make full use of the existing abundant fiber resource of operator, adopt 202 pairs of communications zones of RF remote unit to carry out distributed covering, place, site in the network planning only needs to place outdoor RF remote unit 202 and antenna, substitute existing macro base station, do not need to rent machine room, thereby solved the problem that machine room takes up an area of; Simultaneously, consider that radio frequency unit has partly passed through fiber optic stretch, if a plurality of Base Band Unit are arranged in the wireless base system, can be with a plurality of Base Band Unit centralised arrangements in 401 li in the base band cabinet of this locality, this base band cabinet can be placed in the central machine room, and the RF remote unit of each website can be connected on the base band cabinet 401 of a central machine room by the fiber resource of operator; Whole operation maintenance can be carried out in these base band cabinet 401 sides, has saved a large amount of machine room resources and has reduced the workload of safeguarding.
Fig. 4 A is depicted as the structural representation of base band cabinet 401, referring to Fig. 4 A, this base band cabinet 401 is a hierarchy, a plurality of Base Band Unit 201 in the described wireless base system are placed on respectively on each layer of this base band cabinet 401, and the operation maintenance of these a plurality of Base Band Unit 201 is all concentrated in this base band cabinet 401 and carried out.
In the described wireless base system of present embodiment, connect networking mainly based on two kinds of basic modes by optical fiber between Base Band Unit 201 and the RF remote unit 202, a kind of is the star net forming mode, another kind is the cascade network mode.
Fig. 5 is Base Band Unit 201 and the schematic diagram of RF remote unit 202 by the star fashion networking.As shown in Figure 5:
A Base Band Unit 201 in the described base station system comprises a plurality of optical interfaces 203, each optical interface 203 connects a pair of optical fiber, each optical interface 203 connects a RF remote unit by a pair of optical fiber, and each optical interface 203 fixing corresponding RF remote unit, this fixed relationship can preestablish.Like this, it is the data of which RF remote unit that Base Band Unit just can pick out what received according to the sign of this optical interface 203, and the data that send to a RF remote unit should send by which optical interface 203.
Fig. 6 is Base Band Unit 201 and the schematic diagram of RF remote unit 202 by the cascade system networking, as shown in Figure 6: a Base Band Unit 201 in the described base station system comprises at least one optical interface 203, each optical interface 203 connects a pair of optical fiber, and a pair of optical fiber can be supported at least one RF remote unit 202 of cascade.RF remote unit 202 numbers that a pair of optical fiber is supported are relevant with the practical application design, in general, a pair of optical fiber can be supported the information of 4 Remote Radio Unit at most, a plurality of RF remote units 202 can connect by the form of cascade, that is: directly link to each other with Base Band Unit 201 by optical fiber with the nearest RF remote unit 202 of Base Band Unit 201, other RF remote units 202 are by optical fiber cascade one by one; Middle RF remote unit 202 all has two optical interfaces 203, and one of them optical interface 203 is connected with Base Band Unit 201 or upper level RF remote unit 202, and another optical interface 203 is connected with next stage RF remote unit 202; The RF remote unit 202 of distal-most end can be provided with an optical interface 203.In addition, the RF remote unit 202 that described level is associated on the Base Band Unit 201 can be divided different groups according to conditions such as regions, RF remote unit 202 on the same group not, and level is associated on the different optical interfaces 203 of Base Band Unit 201; 202 grades of same optical interfaces 203 that are associated in Base Band Unit 201 of same group RF remote unit, and preestablish the optical interface 203 of RF remote unit 202 pairing Base Band Unit 201, therefore, the data that belong to same group of RF remote unit can be passed through same optical interface 203 transmissions.
As shown in Figure 6, in the mode of cascade network, in order to make Base Band Unit 201 connect a plurality of RF remote units 202 by an optical interface 203, need in Base Band Unit 201 and RF remote unit 202, increase common public radio interface (CPRI) logical block 204, this CPRI logical block 204 can be the CPRI logic chip, the data that are used for sending are converted to the Frame of CPRI form, and resolve the Frame of the CPRI form that receives.Described CPRI is a kind of standard interface, and in the present embodiment, the data of each RF remote unit 202 are arranged in the fixedly time slot of this CPRI Frame, and the corresponding relation of each time slot in each RF remote unit 202 and the CPRI Frame preestablishes.When sending data, the CPRI logical block places the data of each RF remote unit 202 respectively the time slot corresponding of CPRI Frame; When receiving data, the CPRI logical block is taken out the data in each time slot of CPRI Frame again, thus the corresponding data of obtaining each RF remote unit 202.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the wireless base system emission information of the described employing star fashion of present embodiment networking, and referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, the flow process of this emission information comprises:
Receive the optical interface 203 that sends data in step 702, the Base Band Unit 201 electrical signal data is converted into optical signal data, send to RF remote unit 202 with the 203 corresponding connections of this optical interface by optical fiber.
After the optical interface 203 of step 703, RF remote unit 202 receives optical signal data, this optical signal data is converted into electrical signal data, this electrical signal data is processed into radiofrequency signal through transceiver, and, launches by antenna 111 through after power amplifier 106 amplifications.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart that the wireless base system of the described employing star fashion of present embodiment networking receives information, and as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 8, the flow process of this received signal comprises:
After the optical interface 203 of step 802, Base Band Unit 201 is received optical signal data, this optical signal data is converted into electrical signal data, and, sends to baseband data processor 103 by after 104 despreadings of spread spectrum/despreader.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the wireless base system emission information of the described employing cascade system of present embodiment networking, and referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, this flow process may further comprise the steps:
Step 901, baseband data processor 103 will send to the transfer of data of each RF remote unit 202 and carry out spread spectrum to spread spectrum/despreader 104.
CPRI logic chip 204 in step 902, the Base Band Unit 201 is the Frame of CPRI form with the data conversion that sends; In the Frame of CPRI form, the data that are sent to different radio frequency far-end unit 202 lay respectively at time slots different in the Frame, and the data of each RF remote unit 202 are pairing time slot position relative fixed in Frame, and the Frame after will transforming sends optical interface 203 to.
In this step, owing to on the same group RF remote unit 202 not, be connected the different optical interfaces 203 of Base Band Unit 201, same group RF remote unit 202 is connected the same optical interface 203 of Base Band Unit 201.Therefore according to the corresponding relation of group with optical interface, the data that belong to same group of RF remote unit 202 send by same optical interface 203 after being converted into the CPRI Frame; Belong to after the data conversion of RF remote unit 202 is not the CPRI Frame on the same group, send by different optical interface 203.
The electrical signal data frame that the optical interface 203 of step 903, Base Band Unit 201 will send is converted into the optical signal data frame, and by optical fiber the optical signal data frame is sent to the RF remote unit 202 that directly links to each other with Base Band Unit 201, with this RF remote unit 202 as current RF remote unit 202.
After the optical interface 203 of step 904, current RF remote unit 202 receives the optical signal data frame that will send, this optical signal data frame is converted into the electrical signal data frame, the CPRI logical block 204 of current afterwards RF remote unit 202 is resolved this electrical signal data frame, promptly judge in this electrical signal data frame and free of data is arranged with these current RF remote unit 202 time slot corresponding, if have, then read these data, after the data that read are handled by transceiver 105 and power amplifier 106, launch by antenna, carry out next step; Otherwise, carry out next step.
Because networking structure relative fixed, the order of connection of several RF remote units 202 of cascade and RF remote unit 202 has been provided with fixing in advance on optical interface 203, therefore, this step is also replaceable to be: current RF remote unit 202 judges self whether to be final stage RF remote unit 202 in the cascade connection, if, then execution in step 906, otherwise, finish transmission flow.
Figure 10 is the flow chart that the wireless base system of the described employing cascade system of present embodiment networking receives information, and referring to Fig. 6 and Figure 10, the flow process of this received signal may further comprise the steps:
Step 1001, RF remote unit 202 carry out radio frequency processing with the information that antenna receives by transceiver 105.
The information that step 1004, RF remote unit 202 are received self is converted into the electrical signal data frame that meets the CPRI form by CPRI logical block 204, and by optical interface 203 this electrical signal data frame is converted into the optical signal data frame, execution in step 105.
After the optical interface 203 of step 1006, Base Band Unit 201 receives the optical signal data frame, this optical signal data frame is converted into the electrical signal data frame, resolve this electrical signal data frame by CPRI logic chip 204 again, be about to the taking-up of the data in each time slot in this electrical signal data frame, and the data that each time slot is taken out are as the data of the RF remote unit 202 of this time slot correspondence, after 104 despreadings of spread spectrum/despreader, handle by baseband data processor 103.
Above-mentioned when having introduced the networking of employing star fashion respectively and having adopted the cascade system networking, the structure of wireless base system of the present invention and the flow process of receiving and sending messages.Based on above-mentioned two kinds of networking modes, the present invention also can be provided with different networking modes flexibly, and the mode networking of for example adopting star and cascade to mix mutually can reach purpose of the present invention equally, and its flow process of receiving and sending messages is same or similar with above-mentioned flow process respectively.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
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