CN1772798A - Conductive plastic and its processing method and apparatus - Google Patents
Conductive plastic and its processing method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1772798A CN1772798A CN 200510086201 CN200510086201A CN1772798A CN 1772798 A CN1772798 A CN 1772798A CN 200510086201 CN200510086201 CN 200510086201 CN 200510086201 A CN200510086201 A CN 200510086201A CN 1772798 A CN1772798 A CN 1772798A
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses one kind of conductive plastic and its processing method and apparatus. The conductive plastic includes conductive fiber 0.1-45 vol%, thermoplastic plastic 55-99 vol% and machining assistant 0-3 vol%. The conductive fiber is arranged in 3D netted form homogeneously with multiple joining points, and the conductive plastic has high conductivity, high antistatic and electromagnetic shielding effect, and low surface resistance and volumetric resistivity, and may be injected, extruded and molded like common plastic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastics and working method thereof, processing unit (plant), especially a kind of being widely used under the various environment, requirement has in the plastic casing goods of the high-performance electronic product of antistatic and anti-electromagnetic interference effect and device, contains the conductive plastics of the electro-conductive fiber that the three-dimensional network shape arranges and working method thereof, processing unit (plant).
Background technology
In the electronic industry high speed development epoch, be accompanied by the abundant day by day of electronic product and device, the main electronics (hertzian wave) that static, hertzian wave become people's life, Working environment one of pollutes.Correspondingly, to being used to eliminate static, preventing that hertzian wave from polluting a kind of novel electron material that necessary protective function material becomes present research, the chemistry of its structure and material, physics, mechanical property are all improved day by day along with the develop rapidly of electronic industry.
At electromagnetic compatibility (Electromagnetic Compatibility, be called for short EMC)/electromagnetic interference (Electromagnetic Interference, abbreviation EMI) in the technology, usually use that effectiveness of shielding is good, the metallic conduction material of stable performance is as shielding material, but, adopt metal as shielding material exist than great, price is expensive, perishable, effectiveness of shielding is difficult to shortcoming and defect such as adjusting.These shortcomings have greatly limited its design in every field and have used with concrete.Therefore, in antistatic and EMI/EMC field, domestic and international many scientific research departments and enterprise be all at a kind of novel conductive material of research and development---conductive plastics, with its first-selected novel material of conventional metals electro-conductive material as an alternative.
General plastics are nonconducting, and electromagnetic field is not almost had any shielding effect, especially to below the 1GHz and low-frequency electromagnetic wave almost be fully " seeing through ".Disturb and prevent the digital communication leakage of information in order to make plastics possess electromagnetic radiation resistant, improve the confidentiality and the safety performance of information transmission, usually adopt conductive coating or coating as the top coat or the coating of plastic casing, then can eliminate or alleviate electromagnetic interference and echoing.At present, the normal treatment process of using generally is divided into two kinds of inner interpolation, external treatment.External treatment comprise adopt that electrically conducting coating sprays at frosting, brushing, roller coating or carry out surface metalation and handle, as plating, vacuum evaporation etc. or with sheet metal and wire netting in the frosting processing of fitting; The inner interpolation then is the material that adds high conductivity in plastics, rubber substrate, form electrically conductive composite or conductive rubber sealed strip as carbon black, metal-powder (alloy, fragment), metal oxide, conductive carbon fibre, steel fiber etc., with the electromagnetic interference that prevents that electric charge from causing damage and producing.But above-mentioned two kinds of treatment processs have the addition height usually, disperse physicals uneven, that processing difficulties reaches plastics to influence shortcomings such as big, thereby cause the easy embrittlement of frosting coating, lose effectiveness of shielding.Simultaneously, have volatile poisonous organic solvent in the electrically conducting coating, life-time service can have a strong impact on surrounding environment.
Conductive plastics is the NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE polymer shielding material after electrically conducting coating, can be used for to eliminate under the various environment the high shielding properties plastic casing goods of the electronic industry, communication product, military project, aerospace, medical device etc. of static and anti-EMI effect, have very important in a lot of fields and use widely.
At present, conductive plastics mainly comprises three major types, the one, and graphitized carbon black, metal-powder or inorganic conductive materials such as fragment, conductive oxide are dosed the type conductive plastics, and the 2nd, electro-conductive fiber enhancement type conductive plastics.The former only is applicable to that antistatic and part requires to have the common conductive plastics of using of low effectiveness of shielding and mechanical property, and the latter is applicable to that antistatic and part requires the special-purpose conductive plastics with higher effectiveness of shielding and mechanical property; The 3rd, the eigenstate conductive polymers, this is the conductive plastics that the recent two decades new development is got up, as PAn, PPy, PTh, PPV etc.
The general working method of conductive plastics comprises: (1) conducting staple fiber and the processing of plastic matrix mixed injection molding; (2) processing is extruded in conduction macrofiber and plastic granule blend.But there is shortcoming and defect separately in above-mentioned two kinds of methods, have the surface color and polish heterogeneity as particle; Fiber dispersion is inhomogeneous, and electroconductibility is not high, the volume specific resistance instability, thus cause the effectiveness of shielding instability; Conductive plastics injection moulding poor processability has the particular design requirement to injection-moulding device, complete processing simultaneously; Macrofiber adds man-hour, the screw rod in the forcing machine extrudes that when motion produce turn round the power of refusing and heat energy can the havoc electro-conductive fiber, cause equipment loss serious, fiber electroconductibility is descended.
Chinese patent (publication number CN1530391A) discloses a kind of electro-magnetic screen function polyolefin plastics master batch that has, wherein main conductive additive is inorganic aluminium powder, the brilliant ore deposit of tourmalinite micro mist, the acquisition effectiveness of shielding is higher, but addition big (＞30wt%), product injection moulding poor processability; Chinese patent (publication number CN1518852A) discloses a kind of urethane foam pad with electro-magnetic screen function, wherein contain high addition the swelling property electrically conductive graphite (＞35wt%), use but can only make conductive rubber, and can not use as the structural conductive material; Chinese patent (publication number CN1415649A) discloses a kind of conductive plastics particulate composite and preparation method of metal fiber, the steel fiber (bundle) of proposition after two-layer macromolecule resin coats is arranged in parallel in plastic substrate, thereby can improve fiber dispersion, effectiveness of shielding is improved, but its Production Flow Chart is many, Technology is complicated, cause the production cost height, and because the big and height-oriented arrangement of steel fiber content, thereby make the moulding processability such as injection moulding, extrusion molding of conductive plastics particle poor, can not satisfy the technical requirements of suitability for industrialized production.Simultaneously, also the someone adopts Brabender plasticizing instrument to mix and obtains the thermoplastic conductive plastic material, but effectiveness of shielding is low, can not satisfy the service requirements of EMI with conductive polymeric composite.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, at conductive plastics of the prior art in technical obvious deficiency of material composition, structure design and suitability for industrialized production and shortcoming, propose a kind ofly to have, have the advantages that production process is easy, electro-conductive fiber is uniformly dispersed, electroconductibility is controlled, effectiveness of shielding is high, cost is low, plasticity-is strong, can recycle repeatedly by the thermoplastic conductive plastics that mix the three-dimensional network shape arrangement architecture that electro-conductive fiber constitutes.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is, at the deficiency in existing conductive plastics processing and the production technology, a kind of working method of conductive plastics is proposed, complete processing is simple, easy to operate, the effectiveness of shielding of product is controlled, is applicable to the long and short electro-conductive fiber addition and the effective control of Fiber Distribution in plastic basis material of various different sizes.
The technical problem again that the present invention will solve is, deficiency and shortcoming at existing conductive plastics processing unit (plant), a kind of processing unit (plant) of conductive plastics is proposed, be used to realize the working method of above-mentioned conductive plastics, make the complete processing of conductive plastics simple, easy to operate, the effectiveness of shielding of product is controlled, is fit to large-scale industrial production.
At above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of conductive plastics, comprising: the electro-conductive fiber of 0.1-45v%, the thermoplastics of 55-99v% and the processing aid of 0-3v%, wherein, described electro-conductive fiber is the arrangement of three-dimensional network shape after blend is compound in thermoplastics.Thereby overcome that fiber dispersion in the conductive plastics in the past is inhomogeneous, overlapped points is few, shortcoming such as poorly conductive, effectiveness of shielding are low.Simultaneously, also overcome complete processing complexity in the prior art, need the high special processing units of price, cost height, injection moulding poor, be not suitable for deficiency and shortcomings such as large-scale industrial production.
Electro-conductive fiber in the described conductive plastics is the electro-conductive fiber of single electro-conductive fiber or bunchy.
The diameter of described electro-conductive fiber is 1-200um, and length-to-diameter ratio is 10-5000; Described electro-conductive fiber comprises that length is that macrofiber and/or the length of 10-100mm is the staple fibre of 0.1-10mm; When electro-conductive fiber comprised macrofiber and staple fibre, described macrofiber was 6: 1～10: 1 with the mixed volume ratio of staple fibre.
Described electro-conductive fiber is a steel fiber, a kind of or any several composition or the mixtures in carbon fiber, metallizing carbon fiber, metallized glass fiber, metallizing boron fibre and the metallizing silicon carbide fiber etc.
Described steel fiber is a kind of or any several mixture in Stainless Steel Fibre, copper fiber, aluminum fiber, nickel fiber, metallic alloy fiber or the conducting metal oxide fiber etc.; Coated metal on the described various metallized fibre is steel, copper, aluminium, iron, nickel, chromium, manganese, rare earth or metal alloy etc.
Processing aid is a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in softening agent, surface treatment agent, fire retardant, photostabilizer and the oxidation inhibitor, is used to improve the processing characteristics and the final use properties of plastics and fiber.Wherein, softening agent is paraffin oil, aromatic hydrocarbon oil, Octyl adipate, Di Iso Decyl Phthalate or Vanay etc.; Surface treatment agent is silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent or fatty acid ester etc.; Oxidation inhibitor is butylation cresols or N, N-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine etc.; Fire retardant is ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE SB 203 99.8 PCT, tetrabromophthalic anhydride or aluminium hydroxide etc.; Photostabilizer is benzophenone, benzotriazole category or triazines etc.
Described thermoplastics comprises a kind of or any several formed high performance plastics alloy of combination or the blends in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), ABS/PC, vinylformic acid-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and the polyether ethersulfone (PEEK) etc.
The present invention also provides a kind of working method of conductive plastics, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, with electro-conductive fiber ultrasonic infiltration 10-40 minute in the mixed aqueous solution of aluminate coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol, room temperature was placed 2-24 hour, make aluminate coupling agent be deposited on fiber surface full and uniformly, wherein, three's proportioning is: the electro-conductive fiber of 80-90wt%, 0-3wt% aluminate coupling agent, 10-20wt% dehydrated alcohol, all the other are water.For electro-conductive fiber, particularly for steel fiber, after the aluminate coupling agent treat surface, can significantly improve and thermoplastic plastic substrates between interfacial adhesion power, promote fiber effectively to disperse.
In the working method of above-mentioned conductive plastics, in described step 2, the electro-conductive fiber diameter that adds at the side spout is 1-200um, and length-to-diameter ratio is 10-5000; Described electro-conductive fiber comprises that length is that macrofiber and/or the length of 10-100mm is the staple fibre of 0.1-10mm; When electro-conductive fiber comprised macrofiber and staple fibre, described macrofiber was 6: 1～10: 1 with the mixed volume ratio of staple fibre.
In the working method of above-mentioned conductive plastics, in described step 2, also comprise the processing aid of 0-3v% is added forcing machine simultaneously from described main spout or side spout and thermoplastics or electro-conductive fiber.
The present invention also provides a kind of processing unit (plant) of conductive plastics, comprises plastics extruder, cooling tank and dicing machine, and described plastics extruder comprises main spout and side spout, and described side spout is arranged on the position of distance mouthful 3-25 times of screw diameter of mould; Described screw rod is that 4-10 the mutual interlock of building blocks threaded block of 5-20mm forms by pitch, and leaves the flow gap of 1-200um between the threaded block, and the electro-conductive fiber of being convenient to different length-to-diameter ratios produces the high-shear orientation and flows; The die head runner of described mouthful of mould is a webge slot, and the inclination angle of described webge slot is the 5-35 degree.
In the processing unit (plant) of above-mentioned conductive plastics, the notch shape of described webge slot is one by two parallel edges and two geometrical shapies that the inscribe semicircle is formed by connecting, and described inscribe circular diameter is 1.2-2.0mm.
Electro-conductive fiber in the conductive plastics provided by the invention is uniformly dispersed, (wherein, surface resistivity is 10 to the electroconductibility height
-1-10
5Ω, volume specific resistance are 10
-2-10
8Ω cm, and has light weight, the intensity height, easily compound, anticorrosive, high temperature resistant, cost is low, easily processing, can be recycled, characteristics such as Application Areas is extensive, conductive plastics volume specific resistance provided by the invention is stable, antistatic good (wherein with electromagnet shield effect, the SE value is between 40-99dB), and can satisfy injection moulding repeatedly, the processing requirement of plastic shaping such as extrusion molding or mold pressing processing, by thermoplasticity machine-shaping, become and have the static of elimination and anti-electromagnetic wave interferential high performance plastics housing or sheet, rod, plate and various special-shaped structural part can be widely used in and be used to eliminate static and anti-electromagnetic wave interferential electronic product, communication device, fields such as safety precaution.
By processing unit (plant) of the present invention, adopt working method of the present invention, the distribution of may command electro-conductive fiber in plastic grain, the electric property of the conductive plastics that processes is strong, make the elimination static and the anti-EMI performance of material controlled, and significantly improve, reach best effect, and complete processing is simple, can satisfy the requirement of industrialized production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of conductive plastics particle of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flat scanning Electronic Speculum figure of the conductive plastics particle of embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the cross section sem photograph of the conductive plastics particle of embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the effectiveness of shielding test pattern of the conductive plastics of embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 5 attempts for the electromagnetic wave attenuation measurement of the conductive plastics of embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the flat scanning Electronic Speculum figure of the conductive plastics particle of embodiment two of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the cross section sem photograph of the conductive plastics particle of embodiment two of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the effectiveness of shielding test pattern of the conductive plastics of embodiment two of the present invention;
Fig. 9 attempts for the electromagnetic wave attenuation measurement of the conductive plastics of embodiment two of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schema of the working method of conductive plastics of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the processing unit (plant) of conductive plastics of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the mouth mould die head synoptic diagram of the processing unit (plant) of conductive plastics of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the right view of mouthful mould die head among Figure 12.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
In the present invention, described conductive plastics comprises the electro-conductive fiber of 0.1-45v%, the thermoplastics of 55-99v% and the processing aid of 0-3v%, and wherein, described electro-conductive fiber is the three-dimensional network shape and arranges in thermoplastics.In the present invention, described processing aid can have, and also can not have.Wherein, the diameter of described electro-conductive fiber is 1-200um, and length-to-diameter ratio is 10-5000, and described electro-conductive fiber comprises that length is that macrofiber and/or the length of 10-100mm is the staple fibre of 0.1-10mm; When described electro-conductive fiber comprised macrofiber and staple fibre, the mixed volume of described long and short fiber ratio was 6: 1～10: 1.Referring to Fig. 1, be the schematic perspective view of conductive plastics particle of the present invention; Macrofiber 21 and staple fibre 22 mutual crisscross overlap joint in thermoplastics 1 form three-dimensional network-like structure.
Wherein, described electro-conductive fiber comprises: a kind of or any several composition or the mixtures in steel fiber, carbon fiber, metallizing carbon fiber, metallized glass fiber, metallizing boron fibre and the metallizing silicon carbide fiber etc.
Described steel fiber is: a kind of or any several mixture or the mixtures in Stainless Steel Fibre, copper fiber, aluminum fiber, nickel fiber, metallic alloy fiber or the conducting metal oxide fiber etc.; Described coated metal is steel, copper, aluminium, iron, nickel, chromium, manganese, rare earth or metal alloy etc.
Described thermoplastics comprises: a kind of or any several formed high performance plastics alloy of combination or the blends in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), ABS/PC, vinylformic acid-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and the polyether ethersulfone (PEEK).
Described processing aid is used to improve the processing characteristics and the final use properties of plastics and fiber, is a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in softening agent, surface treatment agent, fire retardant, photostabilizer and the oxidation inhibitor.
Embodiment one
In present embodiment one, described conductive plastics comprises the Stainless Steel Fibre (SS) of 5v%, the thermoplastics PC of 93v% and the processing aid of 2v%.Described Stainless Steel Fibre (SS) is divided into long and short fiber, and long stapled diameter is 12um, and length is 10mm, the diameter of staple fibre is 6um, length is 1mm, and macrofiber is 10: 1 with the mixed volume ratio of staple fibre, and long and short fiber is the three-dimensional network shape in thermoplastics PC.The Di Iso Decyl Phthalate that comprises 1.0v% in the processing aid, the aluminic acid ester of 0.3v%, the N of 0.2v%, N-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine, the ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE SB 203 99.8 PCT of 0.4v%, the benzophenone of 0.1v%.
The flat scanning Electronic Speculum of the conductive plastics particle of present embodiment as shown in Figure 2, the cross section scanning electron microscope of the conductive plastics particle of present embodiment as shown in Figure 3, from above two width of cloth figure as can be seen, long and short Stainless Steel Fibre (SS) is staggered overlap joint in thermoplastics PC, or is " well " word or is " rice " word or is grid type or the network-like topology structure of other complexity.
Fig. 4 is the effectiveness of shielding test pattern of the conductive plastics of present embodiment, Fig. 5 attempts for the electromagnetic wave attenuation measurement of the conductive plastics of present embodiment, as seen, the conductive plastics of present embodiment is very good to different frequency shielding electromagnetic waves usefulness, between 50-70dB, and it is very big to decay, more than 99.5%.
Behind the content that changes Stainless Steel Fibre (SS), every performance of this conductive plastics will change to some extent, as embodiment two, different with embodiment one is, among the embodiment two in the conductive plastics content of Stainless Steel Fibre (SS) be 15v%, the content of thermoplastics PC is 83v%, other are all identical, the flat scanning Electronic Speculum of the conductive plastics particle of present embodiment as shown in Figure 6, the cross section scanning electron microscope of the conductive plastics particle of present embodiment as shown in Figure 7, Fig. 8 is the effectiveness of shielding test pattern of the conductive plastics of present embodiment; Fig. 9 attempts for the electromagnetic wave attenuation measurement of the conductive plastics of present embodiment; As seen from the figure, the conductive plastics of embodiment is very good to the electromagnetic effectiveness of shielding of different frequency, and between 50-80dB, and decay is very big, more than 99.5%.
Above-mentioned physicals with conductive plastics of different Stainless Steel Fibres (SS) content is compared, as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Project | PC | SS/PC | |
| Stainless Steel Fibre content (v%) | 0 | 5 | 15 |
| Effectiveness of shielding SE value (dB) | 0 | 50-70 | 50-80 |
As can be seen from Table 1, it is good to electromagnetic effectiveness of shielding that the three-dimensional netted arrangement architecture that mixes Stainless Steel Fibre (bundle) makes, effectiveness of shielding increases along with the increase of the Stainless Steel Fibre content that adds.
The present invention also provides the working method corresponding to the conductive plastics among the embodiment one, as shown in figure 10, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, Stainless Steel Fibre (SS) was soaked into 30 minutes in the mixed aqueous solution of aluminate coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol, room temperature was placed 3 hours, make the aluminate coupling agent uniform deposition on the Stainless Steel Fibre surface, wherein, three's proportioning is: 80wt% Stainless Steel Fibre (SS), 3wt% aluminate coupling agent, 10wt% dehydrated alcohol, and all the other are water;
Wherein, the long stapled diameter of the Stainless Steel Fibre (SS) that adds at the side spout is 12um, and length is 10mm, and the diameter of staple fibre is 6um, and length is 1mm, and wherein, the mixed volume of long and short fiber ratio is 10: 1.
The present invention also provides a kind of processing unit (plant) of the conductive plastics corresponding to embodiment one; as shown in figure 11; comprise plastics extruder 100, cooling tank 110 and dicing machine 120; described plastics extruder 100 comprises two spouts; one is main spout 101; one is side spout 102, and main spout 101 is mainly used in doses thermoplastics, and side spout 102 is mainly used in doses electro-conductive fiber.
Wherein, 6 times of distances to screw rod 103 diameters at distance mouthful mould 104 are provided with described side spout 102; Described screw rod 103 is that the mutual interlock of building blocks threaded block of 10mm forms by several pitch, and leaves the flow gap of 20um between the threaded block, is convenient to fiber and shears orientation and flow.
4 heating zone are arranged in the mixing zone, and the temperature of each heating zone is followed successively by 260 ℃, 280 ℃, 320 ℃, 380 ℃ from spout to mouth mould.
The structure of described mouthful mould 104 as shown in figure 12, its right view is as shown in figure 13.The die head runner 1041 of mouth mould 104 is a webge slot, and the inclination alpha of described webge slot is 25 degree, and die head runner 1041 has three holes 1042, is used to extrude the conductive plastics that mixes.In order to make conductive plastics mix better, thermopair 1043 is installed also in mouth mould 104.
The die head runner 1041 of through port mould 104 is extruded into the conductive plastics of line behind cooling tank 110 internal cooling, cuts granulation by dicing machine 120, finally forms the conductive plastics particle.
Described conductive plastics particle has that electro-conductive fiber is uniformly dispersed, electroconductibility (surface resistivity 10
-1-10
2Ω and volume specific resistance 10
-2-10
3Ω cm) may command, effectiveness of shielding (SE value, 40-80dB) height, mechanical property height, the characteristics that moulding processability is good.With described conductive plastics particle is raw material, through injection moulding or extrude, processing and forming technology such as pressing mold, form plastic casing or sheet, rod, plate and special-shaped structural part goods with antistatic and electromagnet shield effect.
Need to prove, embodiment one, two only is two preferred embodiments of the present invention, electro-conductive fiber among the present invention is not limited to the Stainless Steel Fibre (SS) among the embodiment, can also be other steel fiber, as: a kind of or any several mixture of copper fiber, aluminum fiber, nickel fiber, metallic alloy fiber or conducting metal oxide fiber, can also be carbon fiber, metallizing carbon fiber, metallized glass fiber, metallizing boron fibre and metallizing silicon carbide fiber, can also be the composition or the mixture of above any several fibers.Described coated metal is steel, copper, aluminium, iron, nickel, chromium, manganese, rare earth or metal alloy etc.
Category of thermoplastics also is not limited to PC, can be other various thermoplasticss.
Difference according to electro-conductive fiber kind in the conductive plastics, the difference of category of thermoplastics, in order to reach the optimal effectiveness of conductive plastics, mixed inclination angle, processing district temperature of stirring speed, screw speed, pitch, webge slot in the working method may be different, be determined on a case-by-case basis, in like manner, the side spout in the processing unit (plant) is apart from mouth mould distance; The pitch of building blocks threaded block, the flow gap between the threaded block, the technical parameter at the inclination angle of heating zone and webge slot etc. is determined on a case-by-case basis.
The several embodiment that below enumerate, the course of processing of conductive plastics is identical with embodiment one with the structure of processing unit (plant), and the structural parameter of employed parameter that different is in the course of processing and processing unit (plant) have nothing in common with each other, and different embodiment is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Sequence number | Title | Implement three | Implement four | Implement five | Implement six | Implement seven |
| 1 | Electro-conductive fiber content (v%) | 0.5 | 1 | 25 | 38 | 42 |
| 2 | The electro-conductive fiber kind | Stainless Steel Fibre | Stainless Steel Fibre | Nickel-coated carbon fibers | Conductive carbon fibre | |
| 3 | Thermoplastics content (v%) | 97.5 | 97 | 73 | 60 | 56 |
| 4 | Category of thermoplastics | PC | PC | ABS | ABS | ABS/PC |
| 5 | Processing aid content (v%) | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 6 | The processing aid kind | With embodiment one | With embodiment one | With embodiment one | With embodiment one | With embodiment one |
| 7 | Macrofiber diameter (um) | 10 | 30 | 100 | 100 | 200 |
| 8 | Long fiber length (mm) | 40 | 100 | 100 | 10 | 50 |
| 9 | The macrofiber length-to-diameter ratio | 4000 | 3333 | 1000 | 100 | 250 |
| 10 | Staple fibre diameter (um) | 10 | 30 | 100 | 100 | 200 |
| 11 | Staple length (mm) | 10 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 4 |
| 12 | The staple fibre length-to-diameter ratio | 1000 | 266 | 50 | 20 | 20 |
| 13 | The volume ratio of long and short fiber | 6∶1 | 8∶1 | 8∶1 | 9∶1 | 10∶1 |
| 14 | Mix the speed of stirring (rev/min) | 150 | 300 | 500 | 500 | 1000 |
| 15 | Screw speed (rev/min) | 30 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 200 |
| 16 | Pitch (mm) | 5 | 5 | 15 | 20 | 20 |
| 17 | Threaded block gap (um) | 20 | 60 | 30 | 100 | 200 |
| 18 | The inclination angle of webge slot (degree) | 5 | 25 | 25 | 15 | 35 |
| 19 | The processing district temperature (℃) | 340-380 | 340-380 | 160-180 | 160-180 | 360-380 |
| 20 | The side spout is apart from mouth mould (times screw diameter) | 5 | 10 | 20 | 20 | 25 |
| 21 | The inscribed circle diameter of the notch of webge slot (mm) | 1.2 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 22 | Effectiveness of shielding (dB) | 4-10 | 10-30 | 40-60 | 40-50 | 50-70 |
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to explanation the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of conductive plastics is characterized in that, comprising: the electro-conductive fiber of 0.1-45v%, and the thermoplastics of 55-99v% and the processing aid of 0-3v%, wherein, described electro-conductive fiber is the three-dimensional network shape and arranges after blend is compound in thermoplastics.
2, conductive plastics according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of described electro-conductive fiber is 1-200um, and length-to-diameter ratio is 10-5000; Described electro-conductive fiber comprises that length is that macrofiber and/or the length of 10-100mm is the staple fibre of 0.1-10mm; When electro-conductive fiber comprised macrofiber and staple fibre, described macrofiber was 6: 1～10: 1 with the mixed volume ratio of staple fibre.
3, conductive plastics according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described electro-conductive fiber is: a kind of or any several composition or mixtures of steel fiber, carbon fiber, metallizing carbon fiber, metallized glass fiber, metallizing boron fibre and metallizing silicon carbide fiber.
4, conductive plastics according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described thermoplastics comprises: a kind of or any several composition in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)/polycarbonate, vinylformic acid-styrene-acrylonitrile, polymeric amide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide and the polyether ethersulfone.
5, conductive plastics according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described processing aid is used for improvement and mixes electro-conductive fiber reinforced thermoplastic processing of plastic performance and final use properties, is a kind of or any several composition in softening agent, surface treatment agent, fire retardant, photostabilizer and the oxidation inhibitor.
6, a kind of working method of conductive plastics is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, electro-conductive fiber was soaked into 10-40 minute in the mixed aqueous solution of aluminate coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol, room temperature was placed 2-24 hour, make aluminate coupling agent be deposited on fiber surface fully, equably, wherein, three's proportioning is: the electro-conductive fiber of 80-90wt%, 0-3wt% aluminate coupling agent, 10-20wt% dehydrated alcohol, and all the other are water;
Step 2, the thermoplastics of 55-99v% is added forcing machine at main spout, at the electro-conductive fiber adding forcing machine of side spout with 0.1-45v%, by controlling that to mix the speed of stirring be 20-1400 rev/min, screw speed 30-200 rev/min, threaded block spacing at the inclination angle of 1-200um, mouthful die wedge shape channel mould head runner in 5-35 degree and processing district temperature, make electro-conductive fiber in thermoplastics, form three-dimensional network shape structure arranged at 120-380 ℃;
Step 3, above-mentioned blend is coextruded into line, cooling, cuts granulation then, form the conductive plastics particle.
7, the working method of conductive plastics according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in described step 2, the electro-conductive fiber diameter that adds at the side spout is 1-200um, and length-to-diameter ratio is 10-5000; Described electro-conductive fiber comprises that length is that macrofiber and/or the length of 10-100mm is the staple fibre of 0.1-10mm; When electro-conductive fiber comprised macrofiber and staple fibre, described macrofiber was 6: 1～10: 1 with the mixed volume ratio of staple fibre.
8, according to the working method of claim 6 or 7 described conductive plasticss, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, also comprise the processing aid of 0-3v% is added forcing machine simultaneously from described main spout or side spout and thermoplastics or electro-conductive fiber.
9, a kind of processing unit (plant) of conductive plastics comprises plastics extruder, cooling tank and dicing machine, it is characterized in that, described plastics extruder comprises main spout and side spout, and described side spout is arranged on the position of distance mouthful 3-25 times of screw diameter of mould; Described screw rod is that 4-10 the mutual interlock of building blocks threaded block of 5-20mm forms by pitch, and leaves the flow gap of 1-200um between the threaded block, and the electro-conductive fiber of being convenient to different length-to-diameter ratios produces the high-shear orientation and flows; The die head runner of described mouthful of mould is a webge slot, and the inclination angle of described webge slot is the 5-35 degree.
10, the processing unit (plant) of conductive plastics according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the notch shape of described webge slot is that described inscribe circular diameter is 1.2-2.0mm by two parallel edges and two geometrical shapies that the inscribe semicircle is formed by connecting.
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| CN113087990A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-09 | 上海田强环保科技股份有限公司 | Production process of low-temperature-resistant high-toughness modified polyethylene PE material |
| WO2024069580A1 (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-04 | Graphenest S.A. | Electromagnetic wave shielding thermoplastic composition |
| CN115746463A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-03-07 | 河北新华联汽车零部件有限公司 | Sealing strip material and preparation method thereof |
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