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CN1767762A - Component delivery device,surface mounting machine and component experiment device - Google Patents

Component delivery device,surface mounting machine and component experiment device Download PDF

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CN1767762A
CN1767762A CN 200510113589 CN200510113589A CN1767762A CN 1767762 A CN1767762 A CN 1767762A CN 200510113589 CN200510113589 CN 200510113589 CN 200510113589 A CN200510113589 A CN 200510113589A CN 1767762 A CN1767762 A CN 1767762A
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component
suction nozzle
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adsorption element
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CN100475018C (en
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米光正典
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Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及吸附部件的顶端部具有缓冲功能的元件搬送装置,其可对缓冲功能的低下等所引起的异常进行判断,并在异常时采取适当的处理措施。本发明中,吸附电子元件的吸嘴的顶端部可相对于吸嘴主体沿出没方向以规定量予以摇动,并通过弹簧的压靠作用而呈突出状态,设置有检测吸嘴顶端部相对于吸嘴主体的位置的摄像机(20),另外控制器(30)包括根据摄像机(20)所拍摄的吸嘴顶端部的图像检查吸嘴顶端部是否位于正常范围内,若不在正常范围内则判定为异常的吸嘴异常判定单元(35),和在判定为异常时进行处理的异常处理单元(36)。

Figure 200510113589

The present invention relates to a component conveying device having a buffer function at the tip of an adsorption member, which can judge abnormality caused by a decrease in the buffer function, and take appropriate measures when the abnormality occurs. In the present invention, the top end of the suction nozzle that absorbs electronic components can be shaken relative to the main body of the suction nozzle by a predetermined amount in the direction of going in and out, and is in a protruding state by the pressing action of the spring. The camera (20) of the position of the mouth main body, in addition the controller (30) includes checking whether the top end of the suction nozzle is in the normal range according to the image of the top end of the suction nozzle taken by the camera (20), if it is not in the normal range, it is judged as An abnormal suction nozzle abnormality judging unit (35), and an abnormality processing unit (36) for processing when it is judged to be abnormal.

Figure 200510113589

Description

元件搬送装置、表面安装机及元件试验装置Component transfer device, surface mounter, and component testing device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种元件搬送装置、应用该装置的表面安装机和元件试验装置,所述元件搬送装置中,吸附电子元件的吸附部件升降可能地支撑在头部单元上,该吸附部件的顶端部位可以摇动,并通过弹性部件的压靠呈突出状态。The present invention relates to a component conveying device, a surface mounter and a component testing device to which the device is applied. In the component conveying device, an absorbing part for absorbing electronic components is supported on a head unit in a manner capable of lifting up and down. The top end of the absorbing part It can be shaken, and is in a protruding state through the pressing of the elastic parts.

背景技术Background technique

以往的表面安装机,一般包括具有吸附电子元件的吸附部件(吸嘴)且移动可能的头部单元,首先将头部单元移至元件供给部,通过吸附部件真空吸附元件供给部中所存储的电子元件。然后将头部单元移至保持在安装机主体的规定位置处的印刷电路板的上方,并将所吸附的电子元件安装在印刷电路板上。在吸附或安装时,将吸附部件从上升位置下降到规定的吸附高度位置或安装高度位置,进行电子元件的吸附或安装,由于吸附部件具有缓冲功能,所以此时吸附部件的顶端部可相对于吸附部件的主体沿上下方向以规定量予以摇动,并在弹簧的压靠作用下呈突出状态(例如参照日本专利公开公报特开2002-151893号)。Conventional surface mounting machines generally include a movable head unit that has a suction member (suction nozzle) that adsorbs electronic components. Electronic component. Then the head unit is moved over the printed circuit board held at a prescribed position of the mounter main body, and the attracted electronic components are mounted on the printed circuit board. During adsorption or installation, the adsorption part is lowered from the raised position to the specified adsorption height position or installation height position, and the electronic components are adsorbed or installed. Since the adsorption part has a buffer function, the top part of the adsorption part can be relatively The main body of the suction member is oscillated vertically by a predetermined amount, and protrudes under the pressure of a spring (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-151893).

吸附部件具有缓冲功能后,可吸收由装置在高度方向的定位误差、电子元件本身的外形误差、印刷电路板的扭曲(warping)、元件供给部的皮带卷轴的浮动等原因造成的在高度方向上的误差,抑制电子元件及其安装该电子元件的印刷电路板受到物理压力的作用,以实现高速安装。After the adsorption part has a buffer function, it can absorb the positioning error of the device in the height direction, the shape error of the electronic component itself, the warping of the printed circuit board, and the floating of the belt reel in the component supply part. The error of the electronic component and the printed circuit board on which the electronic component is mounted are suppressed from being subjected to physical pressure to achieve high-speed mounting.

但最近随着电子元件趋向于小型化,吸附部件顶端部的形状亦趋向于小型化,所以使吸附部件的顶端部具有缓冲功能的结构也变得非常小。因此,即使采用较高的加工技术来制作上述部分,由于吸附部件在使用中会吸入空气中的尘埃或印刷电路板上的膏状焊料等,若持续使用就会引起磨损,从而使缓冲功能低下,例如在吸附元件时吸附部件的顶端部受外力作用而予以没入,之后即使外力解除也无法恢复到原来的突出状态。发生这样的情况时,有可能无法正确地进行电子元件的吸附和安装。However, recently, as electronic components tend to be miniaturized, the shape of the top end of the adsorption member also tends to be miniaturized, so the structure that enables the top end of the adsorption member to have a cushioning function has also become very small. Therefore, even if the above-mentioned parts are made with high processing technology, since the suction part will absorb dust in the air or cream solder on the printed circuit board during use, it will cause wear and tear if it is continuously used, thereby reducing the cushioning function. For example, when absorbing components, the tip of the absorbing member is submerged by an external force, and then cannot return to the original protruding state even if the external force is removed. When such a case occurs, there is a possibility that the adsorption and mounting of the electronic components cannot be performed correctly.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明鉴于上述问题而作,目的在于提供一种吸附部件的顶端部具有缓冲功能的元件搬送装置,对缓冲功能的低下等所引起的异常进行判断,并在异常时采取适当的处理措施。The present invention is made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a component transfer device having a buffer function at the tip of the suction member, which can judge abnormalities caused by a decrease in the buffer function, and take appropriate measures when abnormalities occur.

本发明的元件搬送装置,包括可移动的头部单元;吸附电子元件的吸附部件,升降可能地支撑在上述头部单元上,该吸附部件的顶端部,可相对于吸附部件的主体沿出没方向以规定量予以摇动,并通过弹性部件予以压靠而呈突出状态;检测单元,检测上述吸附部件的顶端部相对于上述吸附部件主体的位置;和吸嘴异常判定单元,根据上述检测单元的检测,检查上述吸附部件的顶端部的位置是否位于预先设定的正常范围内,若不在正常范围内则判定为发生异常。The component conveying device of the present invention includes a movable head unit; an adsorption member for adsorbing electronic components is supported on the head unit in a liftable manner; shaken by a predetermined amount, and pressed by an elastic member to protrude; a detection unit that detects the position of the tip end of the above-mentioned suction member relative to the main body of the above-mentioned suction member; , it is checked whether the position of the tip portion of the above-mentioned adsorption member is within a preset normal range, and if it is not within the normal range, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred.

采用上述结构,在吸附元件时通过施加在吸附部件的顶端部的外力作用,吸附部件的顶端部向没入方向移位后外力被解除,此时若存在缓冲不良等而使吸附部件的顶端部没有返回至正常范围内,吸嘴异常判定单元则根据上述检测单元的检测而判定发生异常。由此,可在发生异常时采取适当的处理措施。With the above-mentioned structure, the external force applied to the top end of the adsorption member is applied to the adsorption component, and the top end of the adsorption member is displaced in the sinking direction, and the external force is released. Returning to the normal range, the suction nozzle abnormality determination unit determines that an abnormality occurs based on the detection by the detection unit. Accordingly, appropriate measures can be taken when an abnormality occurs.

在本发明中,上述检测单元可具有从侧面拍摄上述吸附部件的顶端部的摄像机。由此,可根据摄像机所拍摄的图像对吸附部件的顶端部相对于吸附部件的主体的位置进行高精度的检测。In this invention, the said detection means may have the camera which photographs the front-end|tip part of the said adsorption|suction member from a side. Thereby, the position of the front-end|tip part of an adsorption member with respect to the main body of an adsorption member can be detected with high precision based on the image captured by a camera.

上述检测单元,也可具有距离传感器,检测从一定位置到上述吸附部件的顶端部的距离。此时亦可对吸附部件的顶端部相对于吸附部件的主体的位置进行高精度的检测。The detection unit may include a distance sensor for detecting a distance from a certain position to the tip end of the adsorption member. Also in this case, the position of the tip portion of the adsorption member relative to the main body of the adsorption member can be detected with high accuracy.

本发明中较为理想的是,还可包括异常处理单元,在上述吸嘴异常判定单元判定为发生异常时,至少进行该吸附部件的使用停止、该吸附部件的更换、该吸附部件的运作变更或该吸附部件所吸附电子元件的废弃中的一种处理。Preferably, in the present invention, an abnormality processing unit may further be included for at least stopping the use of the suction member, replacing the suction member, changing the operation of the suction member, or A disposal of electronic components adsorbed by the adsorption member.

由此,在吸嘴异常判定单元判定为发生异常时,可进行与其对应的适当处理。Accordingly, when the nozzle abnormality determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred, appropriate processing corresponding thereto can be performed.

上述异常处理单元,在上述吸嘴异常判定单元判定为异常时,使通报单元对异常做出通报为宜。Preferably, the abnormality processing means causes the reporting means to report the abnormality when the nozzle abnormality determining means determines that the abnormality is abnormal.

由此,可迅速地向操作者通知异常的发生。Accordingly, the occurrence of an abnormality can be promptly notified to the operator.

本发明可有效地应用于表面安装机。即,在将元件供给部所供给的元件搬送到定位在安装作业位置的电路板上,并将上述元件安装到电路板的规定位置上的表面安装机中,将元件从上述元件供给部搬送到电路板上的单元,可包括上述元件搬送装置。The present invention can be effectively applied to surface mount machines. That is, in a surface mounter that transports the components supplied by the component supply unit to the circuit board positioned at the mounting operation position, and mounts the above-mentioned components on the predetermined position of the circuit board, the components are transported from the above-mentioned component supply unit to A unit on a circuit board may include the above-mentioned component transfer device.

此外,本发明亦可有效地应用于元件试验装置。即,在将元件供给部所供给的元件搬送到试验单元进行各种试验的元件试验装置中,将元件从上述元件供给部搬送到试验单元的单元,可包括上述元件搬送装置。In addition, the present invention can also be effectively applied to device testing equipment. That is, in the component testing device that transports the components supplied from the component supply unit to the test unit for various tests, the unit that transports the components from the component supply unit to the test unit may include the component transport device.

由以上的记载可知,采用本发明,当发生吸附元件后的吸附部件的顶端部不能返回正常范围内的异常情况时,可以切实地对此做出判断,防止上述异常情况被忽视,并可适当地采取与异常情况相应的处理措施。From the above description, it can be known that with the present invention, when there is an abnormality that the top end of the adsorption component after the adsorption element cannot return to the normal range, it can be reliably judged to prevent the above-mentioned abnormality from being ignored, and can properly Take appropriate measures to deal with abnormal situations.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一实施例所涉及的表面安装机的概略俯视图。FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a surface mounter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

图2是图1中的表面安装机的一部分被省略的正视图。FIG. 2 is a front view in which a part of the surface mounting machine in FIG. 1 is omitted.

图3是表示头部单元支撑部件及支撑于其上的头部单元和摄像机的侧视图。Fig. 3 is a side view showing a head unit support member, a head unit and a camera supported thereon.

图4是吸嘴的放大正视图。Fig. 4 is an enlarged front view of the suction nozzle.

图5是摄像机所拍摄的吸嘴顶端部附近的图像,(a)是正常时的图像,(b)是异常时的图像。Fig. 5 is an image of the vicinity of the tip end of the nozzle captured by a camera, (a) is an image when it is normal, and (b) is an image when it is abnormal.

图6是表面安装机的由控制器等构成的控制系统的方框图。Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a control system including a controller and the like of the surface mounting machine.

图7是图6所示控制器中包含的吸嘴异常判定单元及异常处理单元的具体处理示例的流程图。7 is a flowchart of a specific processing example of a nozzle abnormality determination unit and an abnormality processing unit included in the controller shown in FIG. 6 .

图8是异常处理的各种情况的说明图。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of various cases of exception handling.

图9是设置有检测单元的第2实施例的示意图,(a)是正视图,(b)是侧视图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment provided with a detection unit, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a side view.

图10是设置有检测单元的第3实施例的示意图,(a)是正视图,(b)是侧视图。Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment provided with a detection unit, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a side view.

图11是设置有检测单元的第4实施例的示意图,(a)是正视图,(b)是侧视图。Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment provided with a detection unit, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a side view.

图12是检测单元采用距离传感器时的结构示意图,(a)是正视图,(b)是侧视图。Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the detection unit adopts a distance sensor, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a side view.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下,参照附图对本发明较为理想的实施方式进行说明。Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

图1及图2概略地表示了本发明一实施例所涉及的表面安装机。如同图所示,安装机的基座1上设置有搬送印刷电路板的搬送带2,印刷电路板3在搬送带2上予以搬送,并停止在规定的安装作业位置上。1 and 2 schematically show a surface mounter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a conveyor belt 2 for conveying printed circuit boards is provided on a base 1 of the mounting machine, and a printed circuit board 3 is conveyed on the conveyor belt 2 and stopped at a predetermined mounting operation position.

上述搬送带2的两侧设置有元件供给部4。这些元件供给部4中,设置着多列带式送料器4a。各带式送料器4a,分别将以规定间隔存储、保持IC、晶体管、电容器等小片状电子元件的带子从卷轴导出,所述电子元件可通过后述的头部单元6间歇地取出。Component supply units 4 are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt 2 . In these component supply parts 4, a multi-row tape feeder 4a is installed. Each tape feeder 4a draws out from a reel a tape storing and holding small electronic components such as ICs, transistors, and capacitors at predetermined intervals, and the electronic components can be intermittently taken out by the head unit 6 described later.

上述基座1的上方,装备有用于安装元件的头部单元6。该头部单元6可在元件供给部4和印刷电路板3所在的元件安装部之间移动,并可在X轴方向(搬送带2的移动方向)和Y轴方向(水平面上与X轴正交的方向)上移动。Above the above-mentioned base 1, a head unit 6 for mounting components is equipped. The head unit 6 can move between the component supply part 4 and the component mounting part where the printed circuit board 3 is located, and can move in the X-axis direction (moving direction of the conveyer belt 2) and the Y-axis direction (normal to the X-axis on the horizontal plane). direction of intersection).

即,基座1上,设置有沿Y轴方向延伸的固定导轨7和通过Y轴伺服电动机9转动驱动的滚珠丝杠8,上述固定导轨7上设置有头部单元支撑部件11,该支撑部件11上所设置的螺母部分12与上述滚珠丝杠轴8相螺合。此外,上述支撑部件11中设置有沿X轴方向延伸的引导部件13和受X轴伺服电动机15驱动的滚柱丝杠14,上述头部单元6移动可能地保持在上述引导部件13上,该头部单元6上所设置的螺母部分(未图示)与上述滚珠丝杠14相螺合。而且,上述支撑部件11随Y轴伺服电动机9的运作在Y轴方向上移动,同时头部单元6随轴伺服电动机15的运作相对于支撑部件11在X轴方向上移动。That is, on the base 1, a fixed guide rail 7 extending along the Y-axis direction and a ball screw 8 driven by a Y-axis servo motor 9 are provided. The head unit support member 11 is provided on the above-mentioned fixed guide rail 7. The nut part 12 provided on 11 is screwed with the above-mentioned ball screw shaft 8 . In addition, the support member 11 is provided with a guide member 13 extending in the X-axis direction and a roller screw 14 driven by an X-axis servo motor 15, and the head unit 6 is held on the guide member 13 possibly movable. A nut portion (not shown) provided on the head unit 6 is screwed to the above-mentioned ball screw 14 . Further, the support member 11 moves in the Y-axis direction by the operation of the Y-axis servo motor 9 , and the head unit 6 moves in the X-axis direction relative to the support member 11 by the operation of the axis servo motor 15 .

此外,Y轴伺服电动机9和X轴伺服电动机15中分别设置有编码器9a、15a,以此检测上述头部单元6的移动位置。In addition, encoders 9 a and 15 a are respectively provided in the Y-axis servo motor 9 and the X-axis servo motor 15 to detect the moving position of the head unit 6 .

上述头部单元6中设置有多个顶端分别具有吸嘴17(吸附部件)的安装用头部16。该安装用头部16,受图外的Z轴伺服电动机等的升降驱动单元和R轴伺服电动机等的转动驱动单元的驱动,可相对于头部单元6的框架升降(Z轴方向上的移动)并围绕吸嘴中心轴(R轴)转动。在本实施例中,设置有6个安装用头部16。The head unit 6 is provided with a plurality of attaching heads 16 each having a suction nozzle 17 (suction member) at the tip. The mounting head 16 is driven by a lifting drive unit such as a Z-axis servo motor outside the figure and a rotation drive unit such as an R-axis servo motor, and can be raised and lowered relative to the frame of the head unit 6 (movement in the Z-axis direction). ) and rotate around the central axis of the nozzle (R axis). In this embodiment, six attachment heads 16 are provided.

吸嘴17,可自由装脱于安装用头部16。吸嘴17对应于所吸附的电子元件的种类和大小备有多个种类,由此可选择合适的种类安装在安装用头部16上。The suction nozzle 17 can be freely attached to and detached from the head 16 for installation. A plurality of types of suction nozzles 17 are prepared according to the type and size of electronic components to be sucked, so that an appropriate type can be selected and mounted on the mounting head 16 .

上述吸嘴17,如图4所示,包括吸嘴主体17a、可相对于该吸嘴主体17a沿出没方向以规定量予以摇动的吸嘴顶端部17b(吸附部件的顶端部)和弹簧18(弹性部件)。该弹簧18,安装在吸嘴主体17a和吸嘴顶端部17b所设置的上下挡板之间,将吸嘴顶端部17b相对于吸嘴主体17a的突出方向予以压靠。因此,吸嘴顶端部17b,在不受外力作用的状态下保持从吸嘴主体17a中突出规定量的状态,若受到来自顶端侧的外力作用则克服弹簧18的压靠力而向没入方向(上方)位移。The above-mentioned suction nozzle 17, as shown in FIG. elastic parts). The spring 18 is installed between the nozzle body 17a and the upper and lower shutters provided on the nozzle tip 17b, and presses the nozzle tip 17b against the protruding direction of the nozzle body 17a. Therefore, the tip end portion 17b of the suction nozzle maintains a state protruding by a predetermined amount from the nozzle main body 17a in a state where no external force acts on it, and if it is subjected to an external force from the tip side, it will overcome the pressing force of the spring 18 and sink in the direction ( above) displacement.

此外,在该安装机中,设置有检测吸嘴顶端部17b相对于吸嘴17的吸嘴主体17a的位置的检测单元,在本实施例中,设置有从侧面拍摄吸嘴顶端部17b的摄像机20。该摄像机20,如图3所示,位于头部单元支撑部件11的下方,经安装部件22安装在头部单元支撑部件11上,包括多个摄像元件排成一列的线传感器21,线传感器21按摄像元件的排列方向(主扫描方向)为上下方向。当头部单元6沿X轴方向移动,经过头部单元支撑部件11的中间部位时,吸嘴顶端部17b与摄像机20相对面,随着头部单元6沿X轴方向的移动由摄像机20拍摄吸嘴顶端部。In addition, in this mounting machine, a detection unit that detects the position of the nozzle tip portion 17b relative to the nozzle body 17a of the nozzle 17 is provided, and in this embodiment, a camera that photographs the nozzle tip portion 17b from the side is provided. 20. This video camera 20, as shown in Figure 3, is positioned at the below of head unit supporting part 11, is installed on the head unit supporting part 11 through mounting part 22, comprises the line sensor 21 that a plurality of imaging elements are arranged in a row, line sensor 21 The direction in which the imaging elements are arranged (the main scanning direction) is the up-down direction. When the head unit 6 moves along the X-axis direction and passes through the middle part of the head unit support member 11, the top end of the suction nozzle 17b faces the camera 20, and is photographed by the camera 20 as the head unit 6 moves along the X-axis direction. The tip of the nozzle.

图5(a)(b)表示上述摄像机20所拍摄的吸嘴顶端部17b及其附近的图像,在这些图中,用实线表示的图像区域25的内部即为吸嘴顶端部17b及其附近的图像。图5(a)是吸嘴顶端部17b从吸嘴主体17a中突出规定量L的正常状态图像,图5(b)是吸嘴顶端部17b从吸嘴主体17a中突出的量较小的异常状态图像。Fig. 5 (a) (b) shows the image of the suction nozzle tip 17b and its vicinity taken by the above-mentioned camera 20. In these figures, the inside of the image area 25 represented by the solid line is the suction nozzle tip 17b and its vicinity. images nearby. Fig. 5(a) is an image of a normal state in which the nozzle tip 17b protrudes a predetermined amount L from the nozzle body 17a, and Fig. 5(b) is an abnormality in which the nozzle tip 17b protrudes from the nozzle body 17a by a small amount status image.

另外,在图1中,24为用于元件识别的摄像机。该摄像机24,设置在元件供给部4附近的基座1上,在头部单元6吸附元件后移经摄像机24上方时,从下方拍摄安装用头部16的吸嘴17所吸附的元件。根据该摄像机24所拍摄的图像,进行元件识别,判定元件吸附状态是否良好,检测元件吸附位置的偏差,并进行与上述偏差相应的安装位置补正。In addition, in FIG. 1 , 24 is a camera for component recognition. The camera 24 is installed on the base 1 near the component supply part 4, and when the head unit 6 moves over the camera 24 after picking up the component, it takes pictures of the component picked up by the suction nozzle 17 of the mounting head 16 from below. Based on the images captured by the camera 24, component recognition is performed to determine whether the component suction state is good, to detect deviations in component suction positions, and to perform mounting position corrections corresponding to the deviations.

图6表示设置在安装机中的控制30。该控制30由执行逻辑运算的CPU和预先存储程序等的ROM及临时存储各种数据的RAM等构成,功能上的结构有主控制部31、图像处理部32、轴控制部33及存储器34,上述主控制部31包括吸嘴异常判定单元35及异常处理单元36。Figure 6 shows the control 30 provided in the mounting machine. The control 30 is composed of a CPU for executing logic operations, a ROM for storing programs, etc., and a RAM for temporarily storing various data. The functional structure includes a main control unit 31, an image processing unit 32, an axis control unit 33, and a memory 34. The main control unit 31 includes a nozzle abnormality determination unit 35 and an abnormality processing unit 36 .

上述主控制部31,依照预先存储的程序对图像处理部32及轴控制部33进行总括控制。上述图像处理部32,在识别元件时,输入由元件识别用摄像机24所拍摄的元件图像,通过执行规定的图像处理,可对吸嘴17所吸附的元件形状等做出识别。此外,进行吸嘴顶端部17b的位置检测时,输入由摄像机20所拍摄的吸嘴顶端部17b附近的图像,通过执行规定的图像处理,可对吸嘴顶端部17b的形状等做出识别。The above-mentioned main control unit 31 collectively controls the image processing unit 32 and the axis control unit 33 according to a program stored in advance. The image processing unit 32 receives a component image captured by the component recognition camera 24 when recognizing a component, and performs predetermined image processing to recognize the shape of the component picked up by the suction nozzle 17 . In addition, when detecting the position of the nozzle tip 17b, the image near the nozzle tip 17b captured by the camera 20 is input, and the shape of the nozzle tip 17b can be recognized by performing predetermined image processing.

上述轴控制部33,控制使头部单元6及安装用头部16等进行运作的伺服电动机等。例如,吸附元件时,在控制X伺服电动机15及Y伺服电动机9将头部单元6移至元件供给部4的上方的同时,控制图外的Z轴伺服电动机使安装用头部16下降,在吸嘴17吸附电子元件后使安装用头部16返回至上升位置,此外,在安装元件时,在控制X伺服电动机15及Y伺服电动机9将头部单元6移至印刷电路板3的上方的同时,控制图外的Z轴伺服电动机使安装用头部16下降,在电子元件从吸嘴17安装到印刷电路板3上后使安装用头部16返回至上升位置。The above-mentioned axis control unit 33 controls a servo motor and the like which operate the head unit 6 and the mounting head 16 and the like. For example, when absorbing components, while controlling the X servo motor 15 and Y servo motor 9 to move the head unit 6 above the component supply part 4, the Z-axis servo motor outside the figure is controlled to lower the mounting head 16. After the suction nozzle 17 absorbs the electronic components, the mounting head 16 returns to the raised position. In addition, when the components are mounted, the X servo motor 15 and the Y servo motor 9 are controlled to move the head unit 6 to the top of the printed circuit board 3. Simultaneously, the Z-axis servo motor outside the diagram is controlled to lower the mounting head 16, and return the mounting head 16 to the raised position after the electronic component is mounted on the printed circuit board 3 from the suction nozzle 17.

此外,上述主控制部31所包含的吸嘴异常判定单元35,根据摄像机20所拍摄的如图5所示的吸嘴顶端部17b附近的图像,检查吸嘴顶端部17b的位置是否位于预先设定的正常范围内,具体是检查吸嘴顶端部17b相对于吸嘴主体17a的突出量是否位于预先设定的正常范围(图5(a)中的规定量L所允许的误差范围)内。不在正常范围内即判为发生异常。In addition, the suction nozzle abnormality determination unit 35 included in the above-mentioned main control unit 31 checks whether the position of the suction nozzle top end 17b is within a predetermined position based on the image captured by the camera 20 near the suction nozzle top end 17b as shown in FIG. 5 . Specifically, check whether the protrusion amount of the nozzle tip 17b relative to the nozzle body 17a is within a preset normal range (permissible error range of the specified amount L in FIG. 5( a )). If it is not within the normal range, it is judged to be abnormal.

进而,上述主控制部31中所包括的异常处理单元36,在吸嘴异常判定单元25判定为发生异常时,使警报显示部37(通报单元)对异常进行通报,同时进行异常处理。作为异常处理,至少进行该吸嘴的使用停止、该吸嘴的更换、该吸嘴的动作变更或该吸嘴所吸附的电子元件的废弃中的一种处理即可。另外,上述警报显示部37,能向操作者通知异常即可,可采用以显示器界面显示异常发生的显示装置、警报音发生装置、警报光发生装置等。Furthermore, the abnormality processing unit 36 included in the main control unit 31 causes the alarm display unit 37 (notification unit) to notify the abnormality when the nozzle abnormality determination unit 25 determines that an abnormality has occurred, and simultaneously performs abnormality processing. As the abnormality processing, at least one of stopping the use of the suction nozzle, replacing the suction nozzle, changing the operation of the suction nozzle, or discarding the electronic component picked up by the suction nozzle may be performed. In addition, the above-mentioned alarm display unit 37 only needs to be able to notify the operator of an abnormality, and a display device, an alarm sound generator, an alarm light generator, etc. that display the occurrence of an abnormality on a display interface may be used.

图7是上述吸嘴异常判定单元35及上述异常处理单元36进行处理的具体示例的流程图。该流程图所示的处理是在元件吸附时及元件安装时除外的适当时间,在安装用头部16受升降驱动单元的驱动到达规定上升位置的状态下开始的。例如,在元件安装后,头部单元6为吸附一下个元件而移向元件供给部4的途中进行。此外,亦可在元件吸附后,向印刷电路板3安装元件的元件搬送途中进行。另外,上述处理也可只在安装元件后的头部单元6向元件供给部4移动的途中,或吸附元件后的头部单元6在搬送元件的途中的任意一方予以执行。FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a specific example of processing performed by the nozzle abnormality determination unit 35 and the abnormality processing unit 36 . The process shown in this flowchart is started when the mounting head 16 is driven to a predetermined raised position by the lifting drive unit at an appropriate timing other than the time of component suction and component mounting. For example, after component mounting, the head unit 6 moves toward the component supply part 4 in order to attract the next component. In addition, after component suction, you may carry out in the middle of component conveyance which mounts a component on the printed circuit board 3. In addition, the above-mentioned processing may be performed either only when the head unit 6 after mounting components is moving to the component supply unit 4 or when the head unit 6 after picking up components is on the way to transport components.

该流程图所示的处理开始后,首先,沿X轴方向驱动头部单元6,使吸嘴17的吸嘴顶端部17b经过与摄像机20相对面的位置,一边用上述摄像机20从侧面拍摄吸嘴顶端部17b附近,将该图像取入控制器30中进行识别(步骤S1)。然后,由吸嘴异常判定单元35检查吸嘴顶端部17b相对于吸嘴主体17a的突出量是否在正常范围外,以此判定是否发生异常(步骤S2)。After the process shown in this flowchart is started, first, the head unit 6 is driven in the X-axis direction, and the nozzle tip end 17b of the suction nozzle 17 passes through the position facing the camera 20, and the camera 20 is used to photograph the suction from the side. Near the tip of the mouth 17b, the image is taken into the controller 30 for recognition (step S1). Then, the nozzle abnormality determination unit 35 checks whether the protrusion amount of the nozzle tip portion 17b relative to the nozzle main body 17a is out of the normal range, thereby determining whether an abnormality occurs (step S2).

步骤S2判定没有发生异常时结束本次处理。When it is judged in step S2 that no abnormality has occurred, this processing ends.

步骤S2判定为发生异常时,对异常的次数n进行累加(步骤S3),判定该异常次数n是否超过预先设定的界限值nx(步骤S4)。When it is determined in step S2 that an abnormality has occurred, the number n of abnormalities is accumulated (step S3 ), and it is determined whether the number n of abnormalities exceeds a preset limit value nx (step S4 ).

异常次数n没有超过预先设定的界限值nx时,转移到步骤S5,驱动警报显示部37进行错误显示,表示有异常。接着在步骤S6中,判定吸嘴17是否持有元件。此时,根据摄像机20所拍摄的图像判断元件的有无。或根据当前安装机的运作情况,当该吸嘴17处于吸附元件后的元件搬送途中时判定为持有元件,当处于安装元件后的头部单元6移向元件供给部4的途中时判定为未持有元件。If the number n of abnormalities does not exceed the preset limit value nx, the process goes to step S5, and the drive alarm display unit 37 displays an error indicating that there is an abnormality. Next, in step S6, it is judged whether the suction nozzle 17 holds a component. At this time, the presence or absence of components is judged from the image captured by the camera 20 . Or according to the current operation of the mounting machine, when the suction nozzle 17 is in the middle of component conveyance after absorbing the component, it is judged to be holding the component; Component not held.

上述步骤S6判定为YES时,进入步骤S7判定吸附状态是否正常(是否可向印刷电路板3上搭载元件)。该判定根据上述摄像机20所拍摄的图像进行,或根据元件识别用摄像机24从吸嘴17所吸附的元件下方拍摄的图像进行。When the above-mentioned step S6 is determined as YES, it proceeds to step S7 to determine whether the suction state is normal (whether components can be mounted on the printed circuit board 3 ). This judgment is performed based on an image captured by the aforementioned camera 20 or an image captured by the component recognition camera 24 from below the component picked up by the suction nozzle 17 .

依据步骤S6、S7的判定结果和异常次数等,从图8所示的CASE1至4中选择异常处理。Based on the determination results of steps S6 and S7, the number of abnormalities, etc., an abnormality process is selected from CASE1 to 4 shown in FIG. 8 .

亦即,在吸嘴17未持有元件时(步骤S6判定为NO时),从CASE1至3中选择其一(步骤S8)。That is, when the suction nozzle 17 does not hold a component (step S6 judges NO), one of CASE1 to 3 is selected (step S8).

此处,CASE1是改变程序以停止使用判定为异常的吸嘴17,并使用头部单元6装备的多个吸嘴17中剩余的正常吸嘴17进行安装,将元件再次分配到正常的吸嘴17上,然后再继续进行安装机的运转。CASE2是将备用的吸嘴通过自动或手动更换判定为异常的吸嘴17,然后再继续运转。此外,CASE3是修正控制数据,针对判定为异常的吸嘴17,变更其在吸附元件或安装元件时头部下降行程,或降低下降速度,然后继续执行安装机的运转。Here, CASE1 is to change the program to stop using the suction nozzle 17 judged to be abnormal, and use the remaining normal suction nozzle 17 among the plurality of suction nozzles 17 equipped with the head unit 6 to perform mounting, and redistribute the component to the normal suction nozzle 17, and then continue the operation of the installation machine. In CASE2, the suction nozzle 17 judged to be abnormal is replaced automatically or manually by a spare suction nozzle, and then the operation is continued. In addition, CASE3 is the correction control data, for the suction nozzle 17 determined to be abnormal, change its head descending stroke when absorbing or mounting components, or reduce the descending speed, and then continue the operation of the mounting machine.

步骤S8的处理选择,可以预先设定某一情况,亦可根据异常次数n进行选择。根据异常次数n进行选择时,例如,预先按照n1<n2<nx的关系设定第1、第2阀值n1、n2,不到第1阀值n1时选择CASE3,在第1阀值n1和第2阀值n2之间时选择CASE2,超过第2阀值n2时选择CASE1。The processing selection in step S8 can be preset in a certain situation, or can be selected according to the number of abnormalities n. When selecting according to the number of abnormalities n, for example, set the first and second thresholds n1 and n2 in advance according to the relationship of n1<n2<nx, and select CASE3 when it is less than the first threshold n1. Select CASE2 when it is between the second threshold n2, and select CASE1 when it exceeds the second threshold n2.

另外,吸嘴17持有元件(步骤S6判定为YES时)且吸附姿势正常时(步骤S7判定为YES时),从CASE3、4中选择其一(步骤S9)。In addition, when the suction nozzle 17 holds the component (YES in step S6 ) and the suction posture is normal (YES in step S7 ), one of CASE 3 and 4 is selected (step S9 ).

此处,CASE3如上所述,CASE4是回收或废弃该吸嘴17所吸附的元件。Here, CASE3 is as described above, and CASE4 is to recover or discard the component sucked by the suction nozzle 17 .

步骤S9的处理选择,可以预先设定某一情况,亦可根据异常次数n进行选择。根据异常次数n进行选择时,例如,设定小于界限值nx的阀值,不到该阀值时选择CASE3,超过阀值时选择CASE4。The processing selection in step S9 may be preset in a certain situation, or may be selected according to the number n of abnormalities. When selecting according to the number of abnormalities n, for example, set a threshold value smaller than the threshold value nx, select CASE3 when it is less than the threshold value, and select CASE4 when it exceeds the threshold value.

另外,吸嘴17持有元件(步骤S6判定为YES时)且吸附姿势不正常时(步骤S7判定为NO时),进行CASE4的处理。In addition, when the suction nozzle 17 holds a component (YES in step S6 ) and the suction posture is not normal (NO in step S7 ), the process of CASE4 is performed.

另外,上述步骤S4判定异常次数n超过预先设定的界限值nx时,驱动警报显示部37进行错误显示的同时,停止安装机的运转(步骤S11)。In addition, when it is determined in the above-mentioned step S4 that the number of abnormalities n exceeds the preset limit value nx, the drive alarm display unit 37 displays an error and stops the operation of the mounting machine (step S11).

根据如上所述的本实施例的装置,可通过摄像机从侧面拍摄吸嘴顶端部及其附近,根据图像,检查吸嘴顶端部17b相对于吸嘴主体17a的突出量,若其不位于正常范围内则判定为发生异常。因此,由于吸嘴17吸入尘埃或膏状焊料及磨损等造成缓冲功能低下,使吸附元件或安装元件后的吸嘴的顶端部17b没有返回正常的突出状态,如图5(b)所示呈没入状态时,可对此做出切实的判断。According to the device of the present embodiment as described above, the top end of the suction nozzle and its vicinity can be photographed from the side by the camera, and the amount of protrusion of the top end of the suction nozzle 17b relative to the main body 17a of the suction nozzle can be checked based on the image, if it is not in the normal range If it is inside, it is judged as an abnormality. Therefore, because the suction nozzle 17 absorbs dust or creamy solder and wears, etc., the cushioning function is low, so that the top end 17b of the suction nozzle after absorbing the component or mounting the component does not return to the normal protruding state, as shown in FIG. 5(b). When you are not in the state, you can make a practical judgment on this.

在发生上述异常时,通过改变吸嘴17的下降行程或下降速度,对缓冲功能的降低进行补偿。此外,亦可更换吸嘴17来消除异常。或者,通过停止使用判定为异常的吸嘴17,使用剩余的正常吸嘴17,可以避免无法正确地吸附或安装电子元件。此外,当吸嘴17持有元件时,若异常次数增多,则缓冲功能会大大降低,有可能在安装时对元件造成损害,因此可进行元件的回收、废弃等。进而在异常次数显著增多时,可停止安装机的运转。When the above-mentioned abnormality occurs, the reduction of the cushioning function is compensated by changing the descending stroke or descending speed of the suction nozzle 17 . In addition, it is also possible to replace the suction nozzle 17 to eliminate the abnormality. Alternatively, by stopping the use of the suction nozzles 17 determined to be abnormal and using the remaining normal suction nozzles 17, it is possible to avoid failure to correctly suction or mount electronic components. In addition, when the number of abnormalities increases when the suction nozzle 17 holds the component, the cushioning function will be greatly reduced, and the component may be damaged during mounting, so the recovery and disposal of the component can be performed. Furthermore, when the number of abnormalities increases remarkably, the operation of the mounting machine can be stopped.

如此,在吸嘴处于没有正常突出的异常情况下,根据此时安装机的状态和异常次数等采取处理措施,抑制吸嘴的缓冲功能低下所引起的元件损伤及安装不良等问题的发生。In this way, when the suction nozzle does not protrude normally, take measures according to the state of the mounting machine and the number of abnormalities at that time, so as to suppress the occurrence of problems such as component damage and mounting failure caused by the low cushioning function of the suction nozzle.

另外,本发明装置的具体结构并不局限于上述实施例,可进行多种变更。以下对其他实施例进行说明。In addition, the specific structure of the device of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various changes can be made. Other examples will be described below.

(1)在上述实施例中,拍摄吸嘴顶端部及其附近的摄像机20安装在头部单元支撑部件11上,亦可如图9(a)(b)所示在安装机的基座1上设置摄像机40。亦即,在本实施例中,包括线传感器41的摄像机40通过支撑台42固定在基座1上。在本实施例中,也可控制头部单元6的驱动,使吸嘴17经过与摄像机40相对面的位置,同时通过上述摄像机40拍摄吸嘴17的顶端部附近。(1) In the above-mentioned embodiment, the camera 20 for photographing the top end of the suction nozzle and its vicinity is installed on the head unit support member 11, and it can also be installed on the base 1 of the installation machine as shown in Figure 9(a)(b). Set the camera 40 on it. That is, in this embodiment, the camera 40 including the line sensor 41 is fixed on the base 1 through the supporting table 42 . In this embodiment, the drive of the head unit 6 may be controlled so that the suction nozzle 17 passes the position facing the camera 40, and the vicinity of the tip of the suction nozzle 17 may be photographed by the camera 40 at the same time.

(2)如图10(a)(b)所示,亦可在头部单元6上设置摄像机50。亦即,在本实施例中,通过安装框52安装具备线传感器51的摄像机50,使其可相对于头部单元6在吸嘴排列方向(X轴方向)上移动,摄像机50受图外的驱动单元驱动在吸嘴排列方向上移动,通过拍摄各吸嘴17的顶端部及其附近。(2) As shown in FIG. 10( a ) ( b ), a camera 50 may be provided on the head unit 6 . That is, in the present embodiment, the camera 50 equipped with the line sensor 51 is installed through the mounting frame 52 so that it can move in the nozzle arrangement direction (X-axis direction) relative to the head unit 6. The driving unit is driven to move in the direction in which the suction nozzles are arranged, and takes pictures of the top end of each suction nozzle 17 and its vicinity.

(3)如图11(a)(b)所示,亦可对应于各吸嘴17设置多个摄像机60。亦即,在本实施例中,通过安装框62安装对应于6个吸嘴17的6个摄像机60,使其相对于头部单元6固定。此时,摄像机60中使用区域传感器即可。(3) As shown in FIGS. 11( a ) and ( b ), a plurality of cameras 60 may be provided corresponding to each suction nozzle 17 . That is, in this embodiment, the six cameras 60 corresponding to the six suction nozzles 17 are installed through the installation frame 62 so as to be fixed relative to the head unit 6 . In this case, an area sensor may be used for the camera 60 .

(4)检测吸嘴顶端部17b相对于吸嘴主体17a的位置的检测单元并不局限于上述摄像机20、40、50、60,亦可为图12(a)(b)所示的距离传感器70。亦即,在本实施例中,将激光式距离传感器70设置在基座1上,头部单元6经过其上时,检测从距离传感器70的位置到吸嘴17顶端的距离,据此求取吸嘴顶端部17b的高度位置。(4) The detection unit for detecting the position of the nozzle tip 17b relative to the nozzle main body 17a is not limited to the above-mentioned cameras 20, 40, 50, 60, and may also be a distance sensor as shown in Fig. 12(a)(b) 70. That is, in the present embodiment, the laser type distance sensor 70 is arranged on the base 1, and when the head unit 6 passes over it, it detects the distance from the position of the distance sensor 70 to the top end of the suction nozzle 17, and obtains accordingly The height position of the tip end portion 17b of the suction nozzle.

(5)在上述各实施例中,采用滚珠丝杠14及伺服电动机15作为移动头部单元6的机构,亦可用线性电动机(linear motor)取而代之。(5) In the above-mentioned embodiments, the ball screw 14 and the servo motor 15 are used as the mechanism for moving the head unit 6, and a linear motor (linear motor) can also be used instead.

(6)在上述各实施例中,说明了在表面安装机中的应用情况,本发明亦可应用于对IC等电子元件施行各种电气试验的元件试验装置。亦即,图示省略的装置,具有搭载了用于元件安装的一个或多个头部的可移动头部单元,上述头部吸附置于元件供给位置的元件并送至试验单元,在这样的试验装置中,头部单元及设置于其上的安装用头部的吸嘴采用与上述各实施例所示相同的结构,同时设置由检测吸嘴顶端部相对于吸嘴主体的位置的摄像机或距离传感器构成的检测单元,并在控制器中设置与图6相同的吸嘴异常判定单元和异常处理单元即可。(6) In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, application to a surface mounter has been described, but the present invention can also be applied to a component testing device for performing various electrical tests on electronic components such as ICs. That is, the device omitted from the illustration has a movable head unit equipped with one or more heads for component mounting. In the test device, the head unit and the suction nozzle of the installation head installed thereon adopt the same structure as that shown in the above-mentioned embodiments, and a camera or a camera that detects the position of the top end of the suction nozzle relative to the suction nozzle main body is installed The detection unit constituted by a distance sensor, and the same suction nozzle abnormality determination unit and abnormality processing unit as those in Fig. 6 are installed in the controller.

Claims (7)

1. component delivery device is characterized in that comprising:
The displaceable head unit;
The adsorption element of stick electronic components, lifting are supported on the above-mentioned head unit possibly, and the top ends of this adsorption element can be shaken with ormal weight along the direction of haunting with respect to the main body of adsorption element, and are pressed by elastomeric element and to be outstanding state;
Detecting unit detects the position of the top ends of above-mentioned adsorption element with respect to above-mentioned adsorption element main body; With
Suction nozzle abnormality juding unit according to the detection of above-mentioned detecting unit, checks whether the position of the top ends of above-mentioned adsorption element is positioned at predefined normal range (NR), does not take place unusually if then be not judged to be in normal range (NR).
2. component delivery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned detecting unit, the video camera with the top ends of taking above-mentioned adsorption element from the side.
3. component delivery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned detecting unit has range sensor, detects the distance of the top ends from certain position to above-mentioned adsorption element.
4. according to each described component delivery device in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that comprising:
Exception processing unit, be judged to be in said suction nozzle abnormality juding unit and take place when unusual, the use of carrying out this adsorption element at least stops, the running change of the replacing of this adsorption element, this adsorption element or the adsorbed electronic component of this adsorption element discarded in a kind of processing.
5. component delivery device according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned exception processing unit is judged to be in said suction nozzle abnormality juding unit when unusual, makes the circular unit to making circular unusually.
6. surface mounting apparatus, the element conveyance that component feeding portion is supplied with and are installed to said elements on the assigned position of circuit board to the circuit board that is positioned at the installation exercise position, it is characterized in that:
With the unit of element on, comprise each described component delivery device in the claim 1 to 5 from the conveyance of said elements supply unit to circuit board.
7. a component experiment device carries out various tests with the element conveyance that component feeding portion is supplied with to test unit, it is characterized in that:
With the unit of element, comprise each described component delivery device in the claim 1 to 5 from the conveyance of said elements supply unit to test unit.
CNB2005101135897A 2004-10-12 2005-10-12 Component delivery device, surface mounting machine and component experiment device Expired - Lifetime CN100475018C (en)

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