CN1765976A - A kind of polypropylene foam premix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of polypropylene foam premix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1765976A CN1765976A CN 200410086290 CN200410086290A CN1765976A CN 1765976 A CN1765976 A CN 1765976A CN 200410086290 CN200410086290 CN 200410086290 CN 200410086290 A CN200410086290 A CN 200410086290A CN 1765976 A CN1765976 A CN 1765976A
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种发泡塑料,进一步地说,是涉及发泡聚丙烯材料的预混料及其制备方法。The present invention relates to a kind of foamed plastics, more specifically, it relates to a premixed material of foamed polypropylene material and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
由于聚丙烯熔融时粘度急剧下降,熔体强度很低,发泡成型非常困难。因此,常常采用交联工艺来提高体系的熔融粘度,制备发泡聚丙烯。如美国专利US4766159,是采用辐射交联发泡的方法制备聚丙烯发泡材料。它采用均聚或共聚聚丙烯,或二者与无规共聚聚丙烯共混树脂为基体,配合化学发泡剂AC及过氧化物交联剂等加工成型后,经辐照再发泡。但由于聚丙烯易降解,在交联过程中聚丙烯分子的降解和交联会同时发生,这对发泡材料的最终使用性和力学性能等都会产生影响,泡孔均匀性不容易控制。Due to the sharp drop in viscosity when polypropylene is melted, the melt strength is very low, and foam molding is very difficult. Therefore, the cross-linking process is often used to increase the melt viscosity of the system to prepare foamed polypropylene. Such as U.S. Patent No. 4,766,159, adopts the method for radiation cross-linking and foaming to prepare polypropylene foaming material. It adopts homopolymerized or copolymerized polypropylene, or the blended resin of the two with random copolymerized polypropylene as the matrix, and is processed with chemical foaming agent AC and peroxide crosslinking agent, etc., and then foamed after irradiation. However, because polypropylene is easy to degrade, the degradation and crosslinking of polypropylene molecules will occur simultaneously during the crosslinking process, which will affect the final use and mechanical properties of the foamed material, and the cell uniformity is not easy to control.
此外,现有技术中也有采用在聚丙烯中配合其他熔体强度高的树脂,共同发泡得到泡沫材料的方法。如美国专利US5,527,573,采用嵌段共聚聚丙烯、无规共聚聚丙烯、传统聚丙烯、高熔体强度聚丙烯的二种或二种以上聚合物为发泡基体,采用物理发泡剂如MeCl、FC-B34、CFC-114、HCFC-1426等通过单螺杆挤出机制备泡沫容重小于80kg/m3的聚丙烯泡沫材料。但由于混入其他树脂存在相容性的问题,会使泡沫材料的力学性能及耐热温度下降较多。而且该专利未公开这种发泡基体是否用于化学发泡剂。In addition, in the prior art, there is also a method of co-foaming polypropylene with other resins with high melt strength to obtain foam materials. Such as U.S. Patent No. 5,527,573, two or more polymers of block copolymerized polypropylene, random copolymerized polypropylene, traditional polypropylene, and high melt strength polypropylene are used as the foaming matrix, and physical foaming agents such as MeCl, FC-B34, CFC-114, HCFC-1426, etc. are prepared through a single-screw extruder to produce polypropylene foam materials with a foam density less than 80kg/m3. However, due to the compatibility problem of mixing other resins, the mechanical properties and heat-resistant temperature of the foam material will drop a lot. And this patent does not disclose whether this foaming matrix is used for chemical blowing agent.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明利用一种无规共聚聚丙烯和一种高熔体强度的聚丙烯的混合物进行发泡,可得到高发泡倍率、泡孔均匀、刚性和热稳定性好的聚丙烯泡沫材料。Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention uses a mixture of a random copolymerized polypropylene and a polypropylene with high melt strength for foaming, which can obtain high expansion ratio, uniform cells, rigidity and thermal stability Good polypropylene foam material.
本发明目的是要提供一种可得到泡孔结构均匀、发泡倍率高、刚性及热稳定性好的聚丙烯发泡材料的发泡预混料。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a foaming premix which can obtain a polypropylene foaming material with uniform cell structure, high foaming ratio, rigidity and thermal stability.
本发明的另一个目的是提供所述的发泡预混料的制备方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of said foaming premix.
为达到上述目的,本发明采用一种无规共聚聚丙烯树脂(PPR)和一种经辐照接枝得到的高熔体强度的聚丙烯的混合物作为基础树脂,通过化学发泡,可得到高发泡倍率的发泡聚丙烯材料。In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a mixture of a random copolymerized polypropylene resin (PPR) and a polypropylene with high melt strength obtained through irradiation grafting as the base resin, and through chemical foaming, high foaming Expanded polypropylene material with high foam ratio.
本发明所述的聚丙烯发泡预混料,包含有共混的以下组分:聚丙烯I、聚丙烯II和有机化学发泡剂。其中以聚丙烯I为100重量份数计,聚丙烯II的含量为5~10重量份数,优选为6~8重量份数。The polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention comprises the following components blended: polypropylene I, polypropylene II and an organic chemical foaming agent. Wherein based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene I, the content of the polypropylene II is 5-10 parts by weight, preferably 6-8 parts by weight.
以上所述的本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料中,聚丙烯I为丙烯和乙烯的无规共聚物,即一种无规共聚聚丙烯(PPR)。这种无规共聚聚丙烯的乙烯含量[通过红外(Magna-IR760,Nicolet)及核磁(400M,瑞士AVANCE)测得]为3.5~6.5wt%,优选为4.0~5.0wt%;分子量分布(Mw/Mn)为3.0~9.0,优选为4.2~7.0[凝胶色谱仪GPC(150-CALC/GPC,Waters)测定]。其熔融指数为0.10~1.2g/10min(测试仪器:熔融指数仪code 6942,意大利CDAST制造;测试标准ASTMD1238;测试条件:230℃,2.16kg),优选为0.13~0.40g/10min;其熔体拉伸强度(210℃(Rheotens71.97,德国GOTTFERT,210℃))为0.75~4.5N,优选1.35~3.50N。In the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention described above, the polypropylene I is a random copolymer of propylene and ethylene, that is, a random copolymerized polypropylene (PPR). The ethylene content of this random copolymerized polypropylene [measured by infrared (Magna-IR760, Nicolet) and nuclear magnetic (400M, Swiss AVANCE)] is 3.5 to 6.5 wt%, preferably 4.0 to 5.0 wt%; molecular weight distribution (M w /M n ) is 3.0 to 9.0, preferably 4.2 to 7.0 [measured by gel chromatography with GPC (150-CALC/GPC, Waters)]. Its melt index is 0.10~1.2g/10min (test instrument: melt index meter code 6942, made by Italy CDAST; test standard ASTMD1238; test condition: 230 ℃, 2.16kg), preferably 0.13~0.40g/10min; its melt Tensile strength (210°C (Rheotens 71.97, GOTTFERT, Germany, 210°C)) is 0.75-4.5N, preferably 1.35-3.50N.
以上所述的本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料中,聚丙烯II采用熔融指数为1~4g/10min、熔体强度为0.25~0.60N(200℃测)的聚丙烯(HMSPP)。其熔融指数优选为2~3g/10min。该中聚丙烯具有较高的熔体强度。In the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention described above, the polypropylene II is polypropylene (HMSPP) with a melt index of 1-4g/10min and a melt strength of 0.25-0.60N (measured at 200°C). Its melt index is preferably 2 to 3 g/10 min. The medium polypropylene has high melt strength.
本发明所采用的这种乙烯含量、分子量分布在上述范围内无规共聚聚丙烯,具有优异的熔体强度,特别适合于热分解型化学发泡剂制备聚丙烯泡沫材料。当化学发泡剂分解时产生大量的气体及热量,泡孔的形成、增长和定型过程中,一般聚丙烯的粘弹性随温度发生很大变化,温度增高时聚丙烯熔体的粘弹性会迅速降低,泡孔破壁塌陷,大小不均,如附图2所示。而本发明的无规共聚聚丙烯配合高熔体强度的聚丙烯能够满足泡孔形成过程的粘弹性要求,形成泡孔结构均匀发泡体(见附图1)。The random copolymerized polypropylene with ethylene content and molecular weight distribution in the above ranges used in the present invention has excellent melt strength and is especially suitable for preparing polypropylene foam materials from thermal decomposition type chemical blowing agents. When the chemical blowing agent decomposes, a large amount of gas and heat are generated. During the formation, growth and shaping of cells, the viscoelasticity of general polypropylene changes greatly with temperature. When the temperature increases, the viscoelasticity of polypropylene melt will rapidly increase. Reduced, the cell walls collapsed and the size was uneven, as shown in Figure 2. However, the random copolymerized polypropylene of the present invention is combined with high melt strength polypropylene to meet the viscoelastic requirements of the cell formation process and form a foam with a uniform cell structure (see accompanying drawing 1).
本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料中的聚丙烯II可采用现有技术中熔融指数和熔体强度符合上述条件的聚丙烯,也可优选采用包括以下步骤的方法制备:The polypropylene II in the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention can adopt the polypropylene that melt index and melt strength meet above-mentioned conditions in the prior art, also can preferably adopt the method preparation that comprises the following steps:
a.将聚丙烯与多官能团单体混合均匀,得到混合物;a. uniformly mixing polypropylene and multifunctional monomers to obtain a mixture;
b.将上述混合物用氮气充分置换,并在氮气气氛下辐照;b. The above mixture is fully replaced with nitrogen, and irradiated under a nitrogen atmosphere;
c.将上述步骤处理得到的聚丙烯与抗氧剂混合,经挤出造粒得到高熔体强度聚丙烯。c. Mixing the polypropylene obtained through the above steps with an antioxidant, extruding and granulating to obtain polypropylene with high melt strength.
以上方法中多功能团单体为双官能团或二以上官能团单体,如:1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯(HDDA)、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯(NPGDA)、二乙烯基苯等。其以聚丙烯为100重量份数计,用量为0.1~3.0份。In the above method, the multifunctional group monomer is a monomer with two or more functional groups, such as: 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), neopentyl glycol diacrylate (NPGDA), divinylbenzene, etc. . Based on 100 parts by weight of polypropylene, the dosage is 0.1-3.0 parts.
与所用原料相比,这种方法得到的聚丙烯熔体拉伸力值变化ΔF大于等于40cN,储能模量G′是空白样的1~2倍。Compared with the raw materials used, the change ΔF of the tensile force value of the polypropylene melt obtained by this method is greater than or equal to 40cN, and the storage modulus G' is 1 to 2 times that of the blank sample.
上述聚丙烯II的制备方法步骤a中聚丙烯和多功能团单体的混合为普通的混合,即使用浸渍、搅拌等通常的混合方法使多功能团单体与所用的聚丙烯充分接触、混合均匀。在该方法中为了使多功能团单体和聚丙烯最大面积接触、均匀混合以达到有效的提高聚丙烯熔体强度的目的,最好选用粉状(包括球状)的聚丙烯。原料聚丙烯的熔融指数为1~5g/10min、熔体强度为0.1N以上,优选0.1~0.5N(200℃测)。The mixing of polypropylene and multifunctional group monomers in step a of the above-mentioned polypropylene II preparation method is common mixing, that is, using common mixing methods such as dipping and stirring to fully contact and mix the multifunctional group monomers with the polypropylene used uniform. In this method, in order to make the multi-functional group monomer and polypropylene contact and mix uniformly to achieve the purpose of effectively improving the melt strength of polypropylene, it is best to choose powdery (including spherical) polypropylene. The melt index of the raw material polypropylene is 1-5g/10min, and the melt strength is above 0.1N, preferably 0.1-0.5N (measured at 200°C).
上述聚丙烯II的制备方法所述辐照利用的辐照射线选自电子射线、伽马射线、x-射线或紫外光,优选为电子射线或伽马射线。辐照剂量为0.2~10kGy,优选为0.5-5kGy。The irradiation used in the above-mentioned preparation method of polypropylene II is selected from electron ray, gamma ray, x-ray or ultraviolet light, preferably electron ray or gamma ray. The irradiation dose is 0.2-10 kGy, preferably 0.5-5 kGy.
辐照后的聚丙烯物料还残存有自由基。按照常规的辐照技术,辐照后的物料需要消除自由基,以免残存自由基与氧作用使聚丙烯降解。所以一般将辐照后的物料于氮气气氛下常温放置若干天,或于高温下放置若干小时。本发明一般将辐照后的聚丙烯于100C处理2小时即可消除残余自由基。Free radicals still remain in the irradiated polypropylene material. According to the conventional irradiation technology, the irradiated material needs to eliminate free radicals, so as to prevent the residual free radicals from interacting with oxygen to degrade polypropylene. Therefore, the irradiated materials are generally placed in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature for several days, or at high temperature for several hours. The present invention generally treats the irradiated polypropylene at 100C for 2 hours to eliminate residual free radicals.
以上所述的本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料中,有机化学发泡剂可采用现有技术中各种适合于聚丙烯发泡的有机化学发泡剂。其一般分解温度在180-240℃,优选在190-230℃。它们包括但不限于偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)、偶氮二异丁腈、N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺(BN)、对甲苯磺酰氨基尿等。其用量均为常规用量,或根据实际情况的要求进行调整。本发明预混料中有机化学发泡剂的含量以聚丙烯I为100重量份数计优选为2~6重量份数,更优选为3~5重量份数。In the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention described above, various organic chemical foaming agents suitable for polypropylene foaming in the prior art can be used as the organic chemical foaming agent. Its general decomposition temperature is 180-240°C, preferably 190-230°C. They include, but are not limited to, azodicarbonamide (AC), azobisisobutyronitrile, N,N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (BN), p-toluenesulfonamidourea, and the like. The amount used is the usual amount, or adjusted according to the requirements of the actual situation. The content of the organic chemical blowing agent in the premix of the present invention is preferably 2-6 parts by weight, more preferably 3-5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene I.
以上所述的本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料中,还可包括无机填料。无机填料包括无机盐类和金属氧化物的固体颗粒,可选自二氧化硅、滑石粉、碳酸钙、氧化锌或氧化镁等。无机填料在此处作为成核剂使用,其所起的作用就象沸石在沸腾液体中的作用一样对发泡过程非常重要。准确的说,无机填料在发泡时形成热点即气泡生长点,在发泡剂分解时便能在气泡生长点形成气泡,无机填料对于泡孔的均匀分布及稳定生长起到很重要的作用。无机填料的用量可采用常规用量,或根据实际情况的要求进行调整。通过调节无机填料的用量可以控制泡孔的大小。其用量太高则成为填充剂,反而起不到热点的作用了。因此本发明预混料中无机填料用量以聚丙烯I为100重量份数计,优选为0.5~5重量份数,更优选0.5~1.0重量份数。无机填料的平均粒径一般为1250目或以上。The above-mentioned polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention may also include inorganic fillers. Inorganic fillers include solid particles of inorganic salts and metal oxides, which can be selected from silica, talc, calcium carbonate, zinc oxide or magnesium oxide. Inorganic fillers are used here as nucleating agents, which are as important to the foaming process as zeolites are in boiling liquids. To be precise, inorganic fillers form hot spots during foaming, that is, bubble growth points. When the blowing agent decomposes, bubbles can be formed at the bubble growth points. Inorganic fillers play an important role in the uniform distribution and stable growth of cells. The amount of inorganic fillers can be used in conventional amounts, or adjusted according to the requirements of actual conditions. The cell size can be controlled by adjusting the amount of inorganic filler. If the amount is too high, it will become a filler, but it will not work as a hot spot. Therefore, the amount of inorganic filler in the premix of the present invention is based on 100 parts by weight of polypropylene I, preferably 0.5-5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5-1.0 parts by weight. The average particle size of the inorganic filler is generally 1250 mesh or above.
以上所述的本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料中,还可包括现有发泡技术中常用的加工助剂,以利于稳定发泡,如液体助剂。液体助剂起到在挤出过程中润滑及发泡时泡孔调整的作用,其加入有利于发泡材料的挤出,也有助于形成均匀稳定、尺寸可控的泡孔。在此液体助剂为液体低分子直链烃或液体低分子有机硅化合物,优选为白油、液体石蜡或硅油。其用量可采用常规用量,或根据实际情况的要求进行调整。液体助剂加入太少起不到作用,太多则不利于加工。因此本发明的预混料中液体助剂用量以聚丙烯I重量份数为100计优选为0.1~1,更优选为0.2~0.5。The above-mentioned polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention may also include processing aids commonly used in the existing foaming technology to facilitate stable foaming, such as liquid additives. The liquid additive plays the role of lubricating during the extrusion process and adjusting the cells during foaming. Its addition is beneficial to the extrusion of the foaming material and also helps to form uniform, stable, and controllable cells. Here, the liquid auxiliary agent is a liquid low-molecular-weight linear hydrocarbon or a liquid low-molecular-weight organosilicon compound, preferably white oil, liquid paraffin or silicone oil. Its dosage can adopt conventional dosage, or be adjusted according to the requirement of actual situation. Adding too little liquid additive will not be effective, and too much will be unfavorable for processing. Therefore, the amount of liquid additives in the premix of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 1, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5, based on 100 parts by weight of polypropylene.
此外,在本发明的聚丙烯发泡预混料中,还可包括其它的塑料加工常用的助剂,如抗氧剂、阻燃剂等。其用量均为常规用量,或根据实际情况的要求进行调整。In addition, the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention may also include other commonly used additives for plastic processing, such as antioxidants, flame retardants and the like. The amount used is the usual amount, or adjusted according to the requirements of the actual situation.
本发明所述的聚丙烯发泡预混料的制备方法包括以下步骤:将包括所述的聚丙烯I、聚丙烯II和有机化学发泡剂在内的组分进行熔融共混。其中以聚丙烯I为100重量份数计,聚丙烯II的含量为5~10重量份数,优选为6~8重量份数。The preparation method of the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention comprises the following steps: melt blending the components including the polypropylene I, the polypropylene II and the organic chemical foaming agent. Wherein based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene I, the content of the polypropylene II is 5-10 parts by weight, preferably 6-8 parts by weight.
本发明的方法通常是将各个组分一起混合均匀,然后进行熔融共混。但为了使发泡预混料中的两种聚丙烯树脂充分共混,使基体树脂质地均匀,优选现将包括上述两种聚丙烯树脂在内的组分混合均匀进行熔融共混;再将所得到的共混料同包括有机化学发泡剂在内的组分混合均匀进行熔融共混。The method of the present invention is usually to mix the components together homogeneously, and then carry out melt blending. However, in order to fully blend the two polypropylene resins in the foaming premix and to make the matrix resin uniform in texture, it is preferable to mix the components including the above two polypropylene resins evenly for melt blending; The obtained blend is uniformly mixed with the components including the organic chemical blowing agent for melt blending.
以上所述本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料的制备方法中,聚丙烯I为前述的无规共聚聚丙烯。这种无规共聚聚丙烯的乙烯含量[通过红外(Magna-IR760,Nicolet)及核磁(400M,瑞士AVANCE)测得]为3.5~6.5wt%,优选为4.0~5.0wt%;分子量分布(Mw/Mn)为3.0~9.0,优选为4.2~7.0[凝胶色谱仪GPC(150-CALC/GPC,Waters)测定]。In the preparation method of the polypropylene foam premix of the present invention described above, the polypropylene I is the aforementioned random copolymerized polypropylene. The ethylene content of this random copolymerized polypropylene [measured by infrared (Magna-IR760, Nicolet) and nuclear magnetic (400M, Swiss AVANCE)] is 3.5 to 6.5 wt%, preferably 4.0 to 5.0 wt%; molecular weight distribution (M w /M n ) is 3.0 to 9.0, preferably 4.2 to 7.0 [measured by gel chromatography with GPC (150-CALC/GPC, Waters)].
以上所述本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料的制备方法中,聚丙烯II采用熔融指数为1~4g/10min、熔体强度为0.25~0.60N的聚丙烯(HMSPP)。其熔融指数优选为2~3g/10min。该中聚丙烯具有较高的熔体强度。该种聚丙烯可采用现有技术中熔融指数和熔体强度符合上述条件的聚丙烯,也可按上述的方法制备。In the above-mentioned preparation method of the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention, the polypropylene II adopts polypropylene (HMSPP) with a melt index of 1-4 g/10 min and a melt strength of 0.25-0.60N. Its melt index is preferably 2 to 3 g/10 min. The medium polypropylene has high melt strength. This kind of polypropylene can adopt the polypropylene whose melt index and melt strength meet the above-mentioned conditions in the prior art, and can also be prepared according to the above-mentioned method.
以上所述本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料的制备方法中,有机化学发泡剂可采用现有技术中各种适合于聚丙烯发泡的有机化学发泡剂。其一般分解温度在180-240℃,优选在190-230℃。它们包括但不限于偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)、偶氮二异丁腈、N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺(BN)、对甲苯磺酰氨基尿等。其用量均为常规用量,或根据实际情况的要求进行调整。在本发明中有机化学发泡剂的含量以聚丙烯I为100重量份数计优选为2~6重量份数,更优选为3~5重量份数。In the above-mentioned preparation method of the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention, various organic chemical foaming agents suitable for polypropylene foaming in the prior art can be used as the organic chemical foaming agent. Its general decomposition temperature is 180-240°C, preferably 190-230°C. They include, but are not limited to, azodicarbonamide (AC), azobisisobutyronitrile, N,N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (BN), p-toluenesulfonamidourea, and the like. The amount used is the usual amount, or adjusted according to the requirements of the actual situation. In the present invention, the content of the organic chemical foaming agent is preferably 2-6 parts by weight, more preferably 3-5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene I.
以上所述本发明聚丙烯发泡预混料的制备方法中,还可包括现有发泡技术中常用的加工助剂,以利于稳定发泡。In the above-mentioned preparation method of the polypropylene foaming premix of the present invention, processing aids commonly used in the existing foaming technology may also be included to facilitate stable foaming.
如前述的起到成核剂作用的无机填料,可包括无机盐类和金属氧化物的固体颗粒。可选自二氧化硅、滑石粉、碳酸钙、氧化锌或氧化镁等。其用量均为常规用量,或根据实际情况的要求进行调整。在本发明中无机填料用量以聚丙烯I为100重量份数计优选为0.5~5重量份数,更优选0.5~1.0重量份数。一般为1250目或以上。The aforementioned inorganic fillers that function as nucleating agents may include solid particles of inorganic salts and metal oxides. It can be selected from silicon dioxide, talc, calcium carbonate, zinc oxide or magnesium oxide, etc. The amount used is the usual amount, or adjusted according to the requirements of the actual situation. In the present invention, the amount of the inorganic filler is preferably 0.5-5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5-1.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene I. Generally 1250 mesh or above.
如前述的起到在挤出过程中润滑及发泡时泡孔调整作用的液体助剂,可为液体低分子直链烃或液体低分子有机硅化合物,优选为白油、液体石蜡或硅油。其用量均为常规用量,或根据实际情况的要求进行调整。在本发明中液体助剂用量以聚丙烯I为100重量份数计优选为0.1~1,更优选为0.2~0.5。As mentioned above, the liquid additives used for lubricating during extrusion and adjusting cells during foaming can be liquid low-molecular linear hydrocarbons or liquid low-molecular organosilicon compounds, preferably white oil, liquid paraffin or silicone oil. The amount used is the usual amount, or adjusted according to the requirements of the actual situation. In the present invention, the amount of the liquid additive is preferably 0.1-1, more preferably 0.2-0.5 based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene I.
此外,在本发明的方法涉及的配方组分中还可包括其它的塑料加工常用的助剂,如抗氧剂、阻燃剂等。In addition, the formulation components involved in the method of the present invention may also include other commonly used additives for plastic processing, such as antioxidants, flame retardants, and the like.
在上述本发明的制备方法中物料熔融共混前混合的设备可采用现有技术中所用的各种混料设备,如搅拌机、捏和机等。In the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention, various mixing equipment used in the prior art can be used as the equipment for mixing materials before melt blending, such as mixers, kneaders, etc.
上述本发明的方法中所使用的熔融共混设备为橡塑加工业中的通用共混设备,可以是双螺杆挤出机、单螺杆挤出机、开炼机或密炼机等。The melt blending equipment used in the above method of the present invention is a general blending equipment in the rubber and plastic processing industry, which can be a twin-screw extruder, a single-screw extruder, an open mill or an internal mixer.
本发明的方法中所用到的熔融共混可采用现有技术中的工艺及设备,如共混温度一般控制在155~175℃;熔融共混设备可使用橡塑加工业中的通用共混设备,可以包括开炼机、密炼机、单螺杆挤出机或双螺杆挤出机等。The melt blending used in the method of the present invention can adopt the process and equipment in the prior art, such as the blending temperature is generally controlled at 155 ~ 175 ° C; the melt blending equipment can use the general blending equipment in the rubber and plastic processing industry , can include an open mill, an internal mixer, a single-screw extruder or a twin-screw extruder, etc.
将上述本发明的聚丙烯发泡预混料成型后得到的型材,恒温加热发泡可得到所需的聚丙烯发泡制品。其所用到的成型工艺为现有技术中通用的塑料成型工艺,包括压片成型或直接挤出成型、注射成型或用其它方法成型,所得的型材包括片材、异型材等,通常用片材。其所用到的恒温发泡工艺,可采用现有技术中有机化学发泡剂发泡时所采用的设备和工艺条件。一般加热可选择在在烘箱或发泡炉中恒温加热发泡或在压机上加热加压发泡。烘箱或发泡炉恒温加热发泡的发泡温度控制在195~235℃,优选210~235℃;发泡时间3~10分钟,优选4~8分钟。压机加热加压发泡的温度控制在200~255℃,优选210~235℃;压力0.5~5Mpa;发泡时间3~10分钟,优选4~8分钟。The profiles obtained after molding the polypropylene foam premix of the present invention can be heated and foamed at a constant temperature to obtain desired polypropylene foam products. The molding process used is the common plastic molding process in the prior art, including tablet molding or direct extrusion molding, injection molding or molding by other methods. The obtained profiles include sheet materials, profiled materials, etc., usually sheet materials . The constant temperature foaming process used can adopt the equipment and process conditions used in the foaming of organic chemical foaming agents in the prior art. General heating can be selected to heat and foam at a constant temperature in an oven or a foaming furnace, or to heat and pressurize on a press to foam. The foaming temperature is controlled at 195-235° C., preferably 210-235° C. by constant temperature heating and foaming in an oven or a foaming furnace; the foaming time is 3-10 minutes, preferably 4-8 minutes. The temperature of the press heating and pressurizing foaming is controlled at 200-255°C, preferably 210-235°C; the pressure is 0.5-5Mpa; the foaming time is 3-10 minutes, preferably 4-8 minutes.
由此得到的聚丙烯发泡材料的发泡倍率为7~12倍,优选为9~12倍。其泡沫容重为75~129Kg/m3。The expansion ratio of the polypropylene foam thus obtained is 7 to 12 times, preferably 9 to 12 times. The bulk density of the foam is 75-129Kg/m 3 .
本发明所述的聚丙烯发泡预混料经过常规发泡后得到的发泡材料,泡孔结构良好,孔径均匀,发泡倍率为7~12倍,优选为9~12倍。其泡沫容重为75~129Kg/m3。同时具有模量高和热稳定性好等优点。适合用于节能、隔音、减震缓冲等场合,在汽车、冷藏、建材、包装、运输和农业等多个领域,具有广泛的应用前景。The foamed material obtained after conventional foaming of the polypropylene foamed premix described in the present invention has good cell structure, uniform pore diameter, and a foaming ratio of 7 to 12 times, preferably 9 to 12 times. The bulk density of the foam is 75-129Kg/m 3 . At the same time, it has the advantages of high modulus and good thermal stability. It is suitable for energy saving, sound insulation, shock absorption and buffering, etc., and has broad application prospects in many fields such as automobiles, refrigeration, building materials, packaging, transportation, and agriculture.
本发明所述发泡聚丙烯材料的制备方法,可以不需要进行交联,因此工艺简单、产品成本低。The preparation method of the foamed polypropylene material of the present invention does not need to carry out cross-linking, so the process is simple and the product cost is low.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为实施例2的聚丙烯发泡材料的扫描电镜照片,放大倍数12倍。Fig. 1 is the scanning electron micrograph of the polypropylene foam material of embodiment 2, magnification 12 times.
图2为比较例5的聚丙烯发泡材料的扫描电镜照片,放大倍数13倍。Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the polypropylene foam material of Comparative Example 5, with a magnification of 13 times.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面用实施例进一步描述本发明,但本发明的范围不受这些实施例的限制。本发明的范围在权利要求书中提出。The present invention is further described below with examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples. The scope of the present invention is set forth in the claims.
实施例1~2
将聚丙烯I——无规共聚聚丙烯(PPR产地:燕山石化股份公司,乙烯含量:4.1wt%,分子量分布5.2,熔融指数0.223g/10min,熔体拉伸强度190℃测1.98N,210℃测1.40N,230℃测1.1N)、聚丙烯II——高熔体强度聚丙烯(熔融指数2.35g/10min,熔体拉伸强度200℃测0.29N,自制)、有机化学发泡剂与各加工助剂通过高速混合机均匀混合,然后通过双螺杆挤出机熔融共混、挤出造粒。再通过挤出机口模成型形成2~6mm厚片材,共混温度为155~175℃。将片材于热烘道上加热发泡,发泡温度为200~255℃,发泡时间为3~10分钟。之后冷却得到3~15mm厚度的发泡片材。其中有机化学发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺(AC,天津第一有机化工厂)、加工助剂中的无机填料为二氧化硅(SiO2,德国卡波特公司生产,平均粒径2500目)、液体助剂为白油(北京有机化工厂)、抗氧剂(1010、168,瑞士汽巴加基生产)。配方以聚丙烯I重量份数为100份计见表1。样品性能测试结果及测试标准见表1。Polypropylene I—— random copolymerized polypropylene (PPR origin: Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., ethylene content: 4.1wt%, molecular weight distribution: 5.2, melt index: 0.223g/10min, melt tensile strength: 1.98N measured at 190°C, 210 ℃ 1.40N, 230 ℃ 1.1N), polypropylene II - high melt strength polypropylene (melt index 2.35g/10min, melt tensile strength 200 ℃ 0.29N, self-made), organic chemical foaming agent It is uniformly mixed with various processing aids through a high-speed mixer, and then melted and blended through a twin-screw extruder, extruded and granulated. Then, it is molded by an extruder die to form a sheet with a thickness of 2 to 6 mm, and the blending temperature is 155 to 175° C. The sheet is heated and foamed on a heating tunnel, the foaming temperature is 200-255° C., and the foaming time is 3-10 minutes. Then cool to obtain a foamed sheet with a thickness of 3-15 mm. Wherein the organic chemical foaming agent is azodicarbonamide (AC, Tianjin No. 1 Organic Chemical Plant), and the inorganic filler in the processing aid is silicon dioxide (SiO2, produced by Capote, Germany, with an average particle size of 2500 mesh) , The liquid additives are white oil (Beijing Organic Chemical Factory), antioxidants (1010, 168, produced by Ciba Jiaji, Switzerland). Prescription sees Table 1 in terms of 100 parts by weight of polypropylene. The performance test results and test standards of the samples are shown in Table 1.
以上聚丙烯II——高熔体强度聚丙烯(熔融指数2.35g/10min,熔体拉伸强度190℃测0.34N,210℃测0.34N,230℃测0.31N)的制备方法:The preparation method of the above polypropylene II - high melt strength polypropylene (melt index 2.35g/10min, melt tensile strength 0.34N at 190°C, 0.34N at 210°C, 0.31N at 230°C):
在聚丙烯粉料(天津第二石化厂,熔融指数4g/10min,熔体强度200℃测0.17N)中加入以聚丙烯为100重量份计,0.35份的1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯(市售),在高速搅拌器(1500rpm)中混合10分钟,装入容器中。然后用氮气充分置换并密封。再用钴源辐照,辐照剂量1.0kGy。辐照后的物料在100℃下处理2小时,降温后取出,经挤出造粒即为所述高熔体强度聚丙烯。Add 0.35 parts of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylic acid based on 100 parts by weight of polypropylene to polypropylene powder (Tianjin Second Petrochemical Plant, melt index 4g/10min, melt strength 0.17N at 200°C) Esters (commercially available), mixed on a high speed mixer (1500 rpm) for 10 minutes, charged to a container. It was then fully replaced with nitrogen and sealed. Then irradiate with cobalt source, the irradiation dose is 1.0kGy. The irradiated material is treated at 100°C for 2 hours, taken out after cooling down, extruded and granulated to obtain the high melt strength polypropylene.
其参数测定:在ARES旋转流变仪上测定储能模量G′,测定温度200℃,剪切速率:0.01秒/弧度,原料聚丙烯的G′为18Pas,高熔体强度聚丙烯G′为47Pas。在德国Geottfert Werkstoff Pruefmaschinen公司熔体强度仪上测定熔体强度,熔体测定温度为200℃,测得拉伸力值变化ΔF为13.3cN(该聚丙烯未改性前纯料的拉伸力值为0.17N,经本实施例的实验条件改性后的拉伸力值为0.29N)。Its parameters are measured: the storage modulus G' is measured on the ARES rotational rheometer, the measurement temperature is 200°C, the shear rate is 0.01 seconds/rad, the G' of the raw material polypropylene is 18 Pas, and the high melt strength polypropylene G' It is 47Pas. Measure the melt strength on the melt strength instrument of Geottfert Werkstoff Pruefmaschinen Company in Germany, the melt measurement temperature is 200°C, and the measured tensile force value change ΔF is 13.3cN (the tensile force value of the pure material before the polypropylene is not modified is 0.17N, and the tensile force value after modification by the experimental conditions of this embodiment is 0.29N).
实施例3Example 3
除了无规共聚聚丙烯为齐鲁石化生产(乙烯含量:4.3wt%,分子量分布4.2,熔融指数0.135g/10min,熔体拉伸强度190℃测1.9N,210℃测1.3N,230℃测1.0N)外,其余组分、用量及工艺条件均与实施例1相同。配方及样品性能测试结果见表1。Except that random copolymerized polypropylene is produced by Qilu Petrochemical (ethylene content: 4.3wt%, molecular weight distribution: 4.2, melt index: 0.135g/10min, melt tensile strength: 1.9N at 190°C, 1.3N at 210°C, 1.0 at 230°C N) except that all the other components, consumption and processing conditions are the same as in Example 1. The formula and sample performance test results are shown in Table 1.
比较例1~2Comparative example 1~2
除了不加聚丙烯II——高熔体强度聚丙烯以外,其余组分、用量及工艺条件均与实施例1相同。配方及样品性能测试结果见表1。Except not adding polypropylene II---high melt strength polypropylene, all other components, dosage and process conditions are the same as in Example 1. The formula and sample performance test results are shown in Table 1.
比较例3Comparative example 3
除了不加聚丙烯II——高熔体强度聚丙烯以外,其余组分、用量及工艺条件均与实施例3相同。配方及样品性能测试结果见表1。Except not adding polypropylene II---high melt strength polypropylene, all other components, dosage and process conditions are the same as in Example 3. The formula and sample performance test results are shown in Table 1.
比较例4Comparative example 4
除了无规共聚聚丙烯被燕山石化股份公司生产的嵌段共聚聚丙烯1330(乙烯含量:8.9wt%)替换外,其余组分、用量及工艺条件均与实施例1相同。配方及样品性能测试结果见表1。Except that random copolymerized polypropylene was replaced by block copolymerized polypropylene 1330 (ethylene content: 8.9 wt%) produced by Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., other components, dosage and process conditions were the same as in Example 1. The formula and sample performance test results are shown in Table 1.
比较例5Comparative Example 5
除了不加聚丙烯II——高熔体强度聚丙烯以外,其余组分、用量及工艺条件均与比较例4相同。配方及样品性能测试结果见表1。Except that polypropylene II—high melt strength polypropylene was not added, the other components, dosage and process conditions were the same as in Comparative Example 4. The formula and sample performance test results are shown in Table 1.
上述实施例、比较例中样品性能测试的表标准如下:The table standard of sample performance test in above-mentioned embodiment, comparative example is as follows:
泡沫容重 GB/T6343-86Bulk density GB/T6343-86
发泡倍率材料 发泡后的密度与发泡前密度的比Foaming ratio material The ratio of the density after foaming to the density before foaming
弯曲强度 GB/T8812-88Bending strength GB/T8812-88
尺寸热稳定性 ISO2796Dimensional Thermal Stability ISO2796
表1
*注:由于泡孔结构均匀性很差,难以满足弯曲强度测试用的制样要求,故无法得到该栏数据。 * Note: Due to the poor uniformity of the cell structure, it is difficult to meet the sample preparation requirements for the bending strength test, so the data in this column cannot be obtained.
从表1的测试结果可以看出,使用本发明所述的无规共聚聚丙烯并配合高熔体强度聚丙烯作为发泡的基础树脂所得到的发泡材料,容重低,发泡倍率高,刚性、耐热性良好。从附图1照片可见,本发明实施例2得到的发泡聚丙烯材料,其孔径分布均匀、泡孔壁厚薄且均匀。从附图2照片可见,比较例5得到的发泡聚丙烯材料,其孔径分布大小不均、泡孔壁厚较厚,而且壁厚不均匀。经过比较可见本发明得到的发泡聚丙烯材料的泡孔结构良好,优于比较例。As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the foamed material obtained by using the random copolymerized polypropylene described in the present invention and coordinating high-melt strength polypropylene as the base resin for foaming has low bulk density and high expansion ratio. Good rigidity and heat resistance. It can be seen from the photo of accompanying drawing 1 that the foamed polypropylene material obtained in Example 2 of the present invention has a uniform pore size distribution and a thin and uniform cell wall thickness. It can be seen from the photo of accompanying drawing 2 that the foamed polypropylene material obtained in Comparative Example 5 has uneven pore size distribution, thick cell wall thickness, and uneven wall thickness. After comparison, it can be seen that the foamed polypropylene material obtained by the present invention has a good cell structure, which is better than that of the comparative example.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101506261B (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2011-04-27 | 博里利斯技术有限公司 | polypropylene foam |
| CN101353460B (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2011-11-16 | 丹阳市华东工程塑料有限公司 | Environment-friendly type micro-foaming polypropylene sheet and preparation thereof |
| CN102888055A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-melt strength polypropylene foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102888054A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Antistatic polypropylene foam material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102115561B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2013-02-20 | 李晓丽 | Physical foaming polypropylene sheet material |
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| JPH0649257A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1994-02-22 | Tonen Chem Corp | Resin composition for producing crosslinked foamed polypropylene |
| JP3510069B2 (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 2004-03-22 | 住化プラステック株式会社 | Polypropylene resin foam and method for producing the same |
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