CN1627785A - Method and system of mapping quality of service from mobile communication system to IP network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the quality of service in communication, and discloses a method and system for mapping the quality of service from a general mobile communication system to an IP network, so that the QoS of different types of networks can be matched, and the overall quality of data communication across different types of networks can be improved. This QoS mapping method from a general mobile communication system to an IP network comprises the following steps: A pre-configures QoS mapping rules in a configuration library; B responds to a request message sent by a user to negotiate QoS; As a result, the configuration library is queried to obtain the mapping rules; D maps service quality according to the mapping rules; E performs data forwarding of the service according to the mapped service quality.

Description

Quality of Service Mapping Method and System from Universal Mobile Communication System to IP Network

technical field

The invention relates to the quality of service in communication, in particular to the conversion of the quality of service between two different types of networks.

Background technique

With the continuous development and popularization of the network and the continuous emergence of new services, the network is no longer just a carrier for data transmission. For some new services, such as Voice over Internet Protocol (Voice over Internet Protocol, "VOIP"), Enterprise Resource Planning (Enterprise Resource Planning, "ERP"), Virtual Private Network (Virtual Private Network, "VPN"), video Communication, streaming media, etc. have strict restrictions on the delay, transmission rate, and error of data in network transmission, and different users have different requirements for new services. Different requirements provide the corresponding Quality of Service ("QoS") technology to ensure the service difference of the business, so that the operator can get the corresponding return.

At the same time, due to the continuous development of mobile communication services, users are no longer satisfied with just data communication within the mobile service network. They prefer to access the Internet or other network systems through the mobile service network, and require consistent QoS.

The following first briefly describes the current UMTS system and its Qos mechanism. The UMTS system is a third-generation mobile communication system that uses Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) air interface technology, and is usually referred to as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). The system is called WCDMA communication system. The UMTS system adopts a structure similar to that of the second-generation mobile communication system, including a radio access network (Radio Access Network, "RAN" for short) and a core network (CoreNetwork, "CN" for short). Among them, RAN is used to handle all wireless-related functions, while CN handles all voice calls and data connections in the UMTS system, and realizes switching and routing functions with external networks. CN can be logically divided into circuit switched domain (Circuit Switched Domain, referred to as "CS") and packet switched domain (Packet Switched Domain, referred to as "PS"). UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network, referred to as "UTRAN"), CN and User Equipment (User Equipment, referred to as "UE") together constitute the entire UMTS system.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the network unit configuration of the UMTS system, as shown in the figure. The whole system mainly consists of four parts: UE10, UTRAN20, CN30 and external network 40.

The UE10 is composed of a mobile station (Mobile Station, "MS") 11 and a UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (UMTS Subscriber Identity Module, "USIM") 12. Wherein, MS11 may be a mobile phone, and USIM12 may be a SIM card. MS11 and USIM12 are connected through Cu electrical interface.

UTRAN20 is composed of base station Node B21 and radio network controller (Radio Network Controller, referred to as "RNC") 22. RNC22 mainly completes the control and management function of Node B21. Among them, Node B21 and RNC22 are connected through lub interface, and RNC22 are connected through lur interface.

CN30 is mainly composed of Service GPRS Support Node ("SGSN") 31, Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register (Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register, "MSC/VLR") 32, Home Location Register ( HomeLocation Register, referred to as "HLR") 33, Gateway GPRS Support Node (Gateway GPRSSupport Node, referred to as "GGSN") 34, Mobile Switching Center Gateway (Gateway MobileSwitching Center, referred to as "GMSC") 35.

Among them, MSC/VLR32 and GMSC35 belong to the circuit switching domain CS, SGSN31 and GGSN34 belong to the packet switching domain PS, and HLR33 belongs to a function node shared by both the circuit switching domain CS and the packet switching domain PS.

MSC/VLR32 completes the control, management, authentication and encryption functions of CS in the circuit switching domain. GSMC35 is the network management of the mobile switching center MSC, responsible for the connection with other fixed or mobile networks. SGSN31 is a device connecting the access network and GGSN34, and performs functions such as routing forwarding and mobile management. It is generally in the same routing area as the access network; GGSN34 is an interface with the external IP packet network. HLR33 is the core database of the WCDMA system, which stores the user data of all activated users in the control area of HLR33.

GGSN34 is connected with SGSN31 by Gn/Gp interface, is connected with external network 40 by Gi interface; SGSN31 is connected with UTRAN20 by lu PS interface, is connected with UTRAN20 by Gn/Gp interface

GGSN34 is connected, connected with HLR/AUC33 through Gr interface, connected with MSC/VLR32 through Gs interface, and connected with SGSN31 through Gn/Gp interface.

The external network 40 includes the Internet (Internet) 41 and other networks 42 such as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN for short) and the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN for short). The external network 40 can be mainly divided into circuit switched networks (Circuit Switched Networks, "CSN" for short) and packet switched networks (Packet Switched Networks, "PSN" for short). The CSN provides circuit-switched connections, such as telephony services. Both ISDN and PSTN belong to CSN. PSN provides connection services for data packets, and the Internet belongs to PSN.

Among them, UE10 and UTRAN20 are connected through Uu interface, and UTRAN20 and CN30 are connected through lu interface.

The structure of the UMTS communication system has been roughly described above, and the QoS mechanism of UMTS will be described below. UMTS QoS is a capability of the UMTS network, that is, across multiple underlying network technologies (Frame Relay (Frame Relay, "FR"), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (Asynchronous Transfer Mode, "ATM"), Ethernet, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, referred to as "SDH"), etc.) IP network, to provide the ability to guarantee the quality of service required for each type of specific business carried, such as delay, reliability, priority, Average throughput, peak throughput, etc.

According to the sensitivity to delay, QoS can be divided into four categories: session, flow, interaction and background. Among them, the session class and stream class mainly carry real-time data streams, and the interactive class and background class are mainly used for traditional Internet applications, such as WWW, E Mail, Telnet, FTP, and News.

The session class is most sensitive to latency. The basic QoS feature in a real-time session is to save the time relationship between Information Elements ("IE" for short) and the session model. Its maximum transition latency depends on human latency sensitivity in video and audio sessions. A live session requires both terminals to be online at all times. The session class is mainly used for delay-sensitive applications such as voice calls and video conferencing.

The basic feature of the flow class is to maintain the time relationship between the information elements IE, and there is no high delay requirement. It can accept that the maximum switching delay can be much larger than the delay that can be perceived by human beings. The stream class is mainly used in real-time video and audio.

The basic characteristics of the interactive class are to maintain the payload content and request-reply mode. Not very sensitive to delay. It is mainly used for data interaction between the terminal and the remote device.

The basic feature of the background class is to keep the load content, and does not expect the data to be within a certain period of time

arrive. It is mainly used for sending and receiving data in the background of the terminal.

Currently, there are two main versions of QoS: R97/98 and R99. R97/98 is an old version, and R99 is a new version. R99 is compatible with R97/98. The structure of the UMTS system QoS letter yuan is a 13-byte IE. The first byte is the flag type of the QoS IE. The second byte is the length of the QoS IE. The 1 to 3 bits of the third byte are the reliability classification (ReliabilityClass). The 4 to 6 bits of the third byte are the delay class (Delay Class). Bits 7 and 8 of the third byte are not used. Bits 1 to 3 of the fourth byte are the Precedence Class. 4 bits of the 4th byte are not used. Bits 5 to 8 of the fourth byte are Peak Throughput. Bits 1 to 5 of the fifth byte are Mean Throughput. Bits 6 to 8 of byte 5 are not used. Bits 1 to 3 of the sixth byte are used to determine whether to transmit a wrong service data unit (Service Data Unit, referred to as "SDU"). The 4th and 5th digits of the 6th byte indicate the delivery order. The 6 to 8 bits of the 6th byte indicate the traffic class (Traffic Class). The seventh byte represents the maximum service data unit (Maximum Service Data Unit). The eighth byte indicates the maximum uplink rate (Maximum Bit Rate For Uplink). The ninth byte indicates the maximum downlink rate (Maximum Bit Rate For Downlink). Bits 1 to 4 of the 10th byte represent the bit error rate (Service Data Unit Error Ratio) of the service data unit. Bits 5 to 8 of the 10th byte indicate the undetected bit error rate (Residual Bit Error Ratio). Bits 1 and 2 of the 11th byte represent Traffic Handling Priority. The 3 to 8 bits of the 11th byte represent the transfer delay (Transfer Delay). The 12th byte indicates the guaranteed uplink rate (Guaranteed Bit Rate For Uplink). The 13th byte indicates the guaranteed downlink rate (GuaranteedBit Rate For Downlink). The attribute value of QoS R97/98 version is from the 3rd byte to the 5th byte. The attribute value of the QoS R99 version is from the 3rd byte to the 13th byte, and the attribute definition from the 3rd byte to the 5th byte is the same as the R97/98 version, so it is compatible with the R97/98 version. The default values of unused bits in the QoS Cell Structure IE are all 0.

Each attribute value is defined as follows:

Reliability classification attributes, through the GPRS Tunnel Protocol (GPRS Tunnel Protocol, referred to as "GTP"), Radio Link Control Layer Protocol (Radio Link Control Layer, referred to as "RLC"), Logic Link Control Layer Protocol (Logic Link Control Layer , referred to as "LLC") combination mode selection and data protection to control reliability. During bidirectional transmission between the MS and the network, when the value of this attribute in the quality of service is 001, it is interpreted as recognized GTP, LLC and RLC, protecting data; when the value is 010, it is interpreted as unrecognized GTP, recognized LLC and RLC, protected data; when the value is 011, it is interpreted as unrecognized GTP and LLC, recognized RLC, protected data; when the value is 100, it is interpreted as unrecognized GTP, LLC, RLC, protected data; value When it is 101, it is interpreted as unrecognized GTP, LLC, RLC, and unprotected data; when the value is 111, it is reserved for unused; when the value is 000 and 110, it is interpreted as unrecognized GTP and LLC, recognized RLC, protected data.

There are mainly four types of delay classification attributes. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 001, it means delay class 1; when the value is 010, it means delay class 2; when the value is 011, it means delay class 3; when the value is 100, it means delay class 4; The value is 111, reserved for unused; others default to delay category 4.

Priority classification attribute, used to set the priority of the service. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 001, it means high priority; when the value is 010, it means medium priority; when the value is 011, it means low priority; if the value is 111, it is reserved for unused; other defaults are medium priority.

The peak throughput attribute indicates the maximum transmission speed. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 0001, it provides a rate of up to 1000Bps; when the value is 0010, it provides a rate of up to 2000Bps; when the value is 0011, it provides a rate of up to 4000Bps; when the value is 0100, it provides a rate of up to 8000Bps; When the value is 0101, it provides a rate of up to 16000Bps; when the value is 0110, it provides a rate of up to 32000Bps; when the value is 0111, it provides a rate of up to 64000Bps; The rate of up to 256000Bps, the value is 1111, reserved for unused; others default to the rate of up to 1000Bps.

The average throughput attribute indicates the average transfer speed. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 00001, it means that an average of 100 bytes can be transmitted per hour; when the value is 00010, it means that an average of 200 bytes can be transmitted per hour; bytes; when the value is 00100, it means that an average of 1000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; when the value is 00101, it means that an average of 2000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; section; when the value is 00111, it means that an average of 10,000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; when the value is 01000, it means that an average of 20,000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; When the value is 01010, it means that an average of 100,000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; when the value is 01011, it means that an average of 200,000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; When the value is 01101, it means that an average of 1,000,000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; when the value is 01110, it means that an average of 2,000,000 bytes can be transmitted per hour; , which means that 10000000 bytes can be transmitted on average per hour; when the value is 10001, it means that 20000000 bytes can be transmitted on average per hour; when the value is 10010, it means that 50000000 bytes can be transmitted on average per hour; Use; other values indicate best-effort transmission.

Whether to transmit the wrong service data unit attribute indicates whether the UMTS system transmits the wrong service data unit, and is used to determine whether to perform error detection and determine whether to transmit the wrong frame. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 001, it means that error detection is not required during the transmission of service data units; when the value is 010, it means that error detection is required during the transmission of service data units, and the wrong The SDU is sent together with the error signal; when the value is 011, it means that error detection is required during the transmission of the service data unit, but the erroneous service data unit will be discarded.

The transmission sequence attribute indicates whether the UMTS bearer is required to send service data units in order, so as to determine whether out-of-sequence service data units can be accepted. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 01, it means that there is a transmission sequence; when the attribute value is 10, it means that there is no transmission sequence.

The service classification attribute is the type of user of the UMTS bearer service. Through this property you can

Allows the UMTS system to estimate the characteristics of the communication source and optimize the communication. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 001, it means the session class; when the value is 010, it means the flow class; when the value is 011, it means the interactive class; when the value is 100, it means the background class.

The maximum allowable business data unit length attribute is used for control and management. When one-way from the MS to the network, the attribute value of QoS is 00000000, indicating the maximum length of service data unit that has been signed; the attribute value 11111111 is reserved for unused. When unidirectional from the network to the MS, the QoS attribute values 00000000 and 11111111 are reserved and unused. When the network and MS are bidirectional, the attribute value of QoS is 150 8-bit binary codes between 00000001 and 10010110, with a step size of 10, indicating the byte range from 10 to 1500; when the value is 10010111, it indicates 1502 Bytes; when the value is 10011000, it means 1510 bytes; when the value is 10011001, it means 1520 bytes. Other undefined values on the network side will be mapped to one of the above defined values. On the MS side, all values are considered reserved.

The maximum uplink and downlink rate attribute is the ratio of the maximum number of bits of data sent and received by the UMTS service access point (Service Access Point, referred to as "SAP") to the measurement period within a measurement period. As long as the traffic follows the token bucket algorithm, the token rate is equal to the maximum bit rate, and the bucket size is equal to the maximum service data unit value. From the MS to the network, the value of this attribute in QoS is 00000000, indicating the maximum uplink rate that has been subscribed; from the network to the MS, the value of this attribute in QoS is 00000000, which is not used. In the two-way between MS and network, when the value of this attribute in QoS is 00000001, it indicates the binary code of the maximum rate, and the interval granularity is 1Kbps; when the value is from 00000001 to 00111111, the maximum rate is from 1Kbps to 63Kbps, and the step size is 1Kbps ;When the value is from 01000000 to 01111111, the maximum rate is from 64Kbps to 568Kbps with a step size of 8Kbps; when the value is from 10000000 to 11111110, the maximum rate is from 576Kbps to 8640Kbps with a step size of 64Kbps; when the value is 11111111, it is 0Kbps.

The bit error rate attribute of the service data unit. From the MS to the network, when the value of this attribute in the QoS is 0000, it indicates the bit error rate of the service data unit that has been subscribed. From network to MS, the value 0000 is reserved and unused. Two-way between MS and network, when the value is 0001, the bit error rate is 1*10-2; when the value is 0010, the bit error rate is 7*10-3; when the value is 0011, the bit error rate is 1* 10-3; when the value is 0100, the bit error rate is 1*10-4; when the value is 0101, the bit error rate is 1*10-5; when the value is 0110, the bit error rate is 1*10 -6; when the value is 0111, the bit error rate is 1*10-1;

The value 1111 is reserved and unused. Other undefined values at the network side will be mapped to one of the above values, and the values at the MS side are considered to be reserved and unused.

The undetected bit error rate attribute is used to indicate the undetected bit error rate in the transmitted service data unit. If there is no error detection requirement, this attribute indicates the bit error rate of the transmitted service data unit, which is used to select the radio interface Protocols, algorithms and error protection codes. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 0001, it means that the bit error rate is 5*10-2; when the value is 0010, it means that the bit error rate is 1*10-2; when the value is 0011, it means that the bit error rate is 5* 10-3; when the value is 0100, it means that the bit error rate is 4*10-3; when the value is 0101, it means that the bit error rate is 1*10-3; when the value is 0110, it means that the bit error rate is 1*10- 4; when the value is 0111, it means that the bit error rate is 1*10-5; when the value is 1000, it means that the bit error rate is 1*10-6; when the value is 1001, it means that the bit error rate is 6*10-8; The value 1111 is reserved and unused. Other undefined values on the network side will be mapped to one of the above defined values. On the MS side, all values are considered reserved.

The processing priority attribute specifies the relative priority of the system to process the UMTS bearer service data unit and other bearer service data units. In interactive applications, the requirements of different bearer qualities can be distinguished by processing the setting of the priority attribute. When the value of this attribute in QoS is 01, the priority is 1; when the value is 10, the priority is 2; when the value is 11, the priority is 3. If the service type is session, stream or background, this value will be ignored.

The transmission delay attribute is used to specify the tolerable delay of the actual application. When the value of this attribute in QoS is from 000001 to 001111, the transmission delay is from 10ms to 150ms with a step size of 10ms; when the value is from 010000 to 011111, the transmission delay is from 200ms to 950ms with a step size of 50ms; From 100000 to 111110, the transmission delay is from 1000ms to 4100ms with a step size of 100ms; the value 111111 is reserved for use. If the business type is interactive or background, this value will be ignored.

The guaranteed rate attribute includes uplink guaranteed rate and downlink guaranteed rate. In a measurement period, the UMTS service access point SAP guarantees the ratio of the number of bits that can be sent and received to the measurement period. The guaranteed bit rate is controlled through the token bucket algorithm, wherein the token rate is equal to the guaranteed bit rate, and the bucket size is equal to K multiplied by the maximum service data unit length. For R99, the value of K is 1. In future versions, K may be allowed to take a value greater than 1, and K may be set through related signaling. By setting this parameter, UMTS can be simplified

Access control and resource allocation based on available resources in the system. QoS attribute requirements such as delay and reliability are only provided up to the rate that can be guaranteed. The encoding of the guaranteed uplink rate is the same as that of the maximum uplink rate. If the service type is interactive or background, or the maximum uplink rate is 0, the guaranteed uplink rate attribute can be ignored. The encoding of the guaranteed downlink rate is the same as that of the maximum downlink rate. If the service type is interactive or background, or the maximum downlink rate is 0, the downlink guaranteed rate attribute can be ignored.

The UMTS system, the classification, structure and various attributes of the QoS of the UMTS system have been introduced above. The following briefly describes the QoS mechanism of the current IP network.

Since the services provided by the Internet currently mainly adopt best effort services (Best Effort) such as E-Mail, FTP, WWW, etc., these services do not strictly depend on the bandwidth, delay, and jitter of the network. This service does not provide any service or delivery guarantees when forwarding packets. However, due to the continuous popularization and development of the Internet, the simple data network has been transformed into a bearer network with commercial value, and it is necessary to provide various QoS guarantees for various new services.

IP QoS is a capability of the IP network, which can provide the required services for specific services on the IP network across multiple underlying network technologies (FR, ATM, Ethernet, SDH, etc.). The technical indicators for measuring IP QoS include: (1) bandwidth/throughput, which refers to the average rate of specific application traffic between two nodes of the network; (2) delay, which refers to the transmission of data packets between two nodes of the network (3) Jitter, which refers to the change of delay; (4) Packet loss rate, which refers to the percentage of lost packets during network transmission, which is used to measure the ability of the network to correctly forward user data; (5) Availability , which is the percentage of time that the network can serve users.

At present, there are mainly two QoS service models and architectures: one is the integrated service model (Integrate Service, referred to as "IntServ" or "IS"), which uses admission control and resource reservation to provide guaranteed QoS for data flows, However, because it is difficult to know the exact characteristics of the flow in advance, reserving bandwidth will lead to a decrease in resource utilization, and because each routing node needs to save the number of flow states, which is proportional to the number of flows, it requires a large amount of storage space and processing overhead, so the system has poor scalability; the other is the Differentiated Service model (Differentiated Service, referred to as "DiffServ" or "DS"), which aggregates service flows with similar QoS requirements into groups, and the network one

Class data flow provides a certain degree of QoS guarantee. Usually, the setting of the DS field of the data packet header specifies the service level, and the processing based on the DS field can generate different service levels. Since the number of states saved by routing nodes is proportional to the service class, not the number of flows, the network scalability is good, but it cannot provide guaranteed QoS. In practice, these two models are usually used in combination.

The specific implementation of QoS in the current UMTS system will be described below. In order to realize end-to-end QoS in UMTS system. 3GPP (third Generation Partnership Project) defines a set of hierarchical and regional bearer service functions for the UMTS system, including all the functions that need to be provided at each layer to ensure the agreed QoS. The architecture of the entire UMTS QoS is shown in Figure 2, and the entire architecture is mainly composed of a terminal equipment (Terminal Equipment, "TE") 23, a UMTS system 24, and a TE 29. The UMTS system 24 can be further divided into a mobile terminal (Mobile Terminator, "MT" for short) 25, UTRAN 26, CN lu interface edge node 27 and CN gateway 28.

At the bottom layer UTRAN26, the signals of different MT25s are multiplexed to the network 201 through Node B by means of Time Division Duplex (TDD for short) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD for short). The physical bearer service 202 is provided between the CN lu interface edge node 27.

In the sub-bottom layer, the wireless bearer service 211 is provided between the MT25 and the UTRAN26, the lu bearer service 212 is provided between the UTRAN26 and the CN lu interface edge node 27, and the backbone network bearer service 213 is provided between the CN lu interface edge node 27 and the CN gateway 28 .

In the middle layer, wireless access bearing service 221 is provided between MT25 and CN lu interface edge node 27, and core network bearer service 222 is provided between CN lu interface edge node 27 and CN gateway 28.

On the second level, it is shown that the TE/MT local bearer service 231 is provided between the TE23 and the UMTS system 24, the UMTS system 24 provides the UMTS bearer service 232, and the external bearer service 233 is provided between the UMTS system 24 and the TE29.

At the highest layer, it is represented as providing an end-to-end service 241 between TE23 and TE29.

Fig. 3 is a basic scheme diagram of realizing UMTS QoS by using SGSN/GGSN in the prior art, as shown in the figure. The solution is mainly composed of three parts: RAN36, CN37, and backbone network38. Among them, RAN36 mainly implements access control, wireless resource reservation and monitoring, packet data protocol (PacketData Protocol,

"PDP" for short) context QoS negotiation; CN37 mainly implements QoS negotiation of packet data protocol PDP context, packet priority marking, traffic supervision and shaping, queue scheduling mechanism, resource management and mobility management, QoS subscription information inspection, QoS billing, and intercommunication with the backbone network; the backbone network 38 mainly provides queue scheduling mechanism and traffic engineering.

FIG. 4 is a message transfer diagram of PDP context activation in the prior art, as shown in the figure. The system consists of 4 modules, MS43, UTRAN44, SGSN45, GGSN46.

First, MS43 sends an activation packet data protocol PDP context request message 401 to SGSN45, which includes Network Service Access Point Identifier (Network Service Access PointIdentifier, referred to as "NSAPI"), Transaction Identifier (Transaction Identifier, referred to as "TI"), packet data Protocol type, packet data protocol address, access point name, QoS requirements, packet data protocol configuration items.

After receiving the activation request from MS43, SGSN45 goes through a simple determination process, and then proposes to GGSN46 a request message 402 to create a packet data protocol PDP context, which contains the type of packet data protocol PDP context to be created and the address of the packet data protocol PDP , access point name, QoS negotiation, tunnel endpoint identifier, NSAPI, selection mode, path reference, path type, trigger flag, operation and maintenance center flag, packet data protocol configuration items. Among them, the QoS negotiation is the QoS determined by the SGSN45.

After GGSN46 is judged, send to SGSN45 create packet data PDP context response message 403, the format of this message is identical with the format of message 402, and wherein QoS parameter can be the QoS parameter of request, also can be the parameter after the operator of GGSN46 revises.

Then after the SGSN45 confirms twice, it returns to the MS43 a message 404 of allowing to activate the packet data protocol PDP context.

In the process of message sending, if the V0 version of GTP is used, only QoS R97/98 version can be processed; when the V1 version of GTP is used, the QoS version number can be determined, and both R97/98 and R99 versions can be processed. Its default QoS version is R99.

In practical application, the above solution has the following problem: there is no QoS solution for the whole network.

The above solutions can only implement QoS control on the intranet of the UMTS system. When the UMTS system is connected to the external network, the QoS of the UMTS system and the external network are relatively independent, and the entire system cannot be guaranteed to have the same QoS. Therefore, even if the QoS of one network is very good, the QoS of other networks cannot match it. The QoS of the whole system will also be reduced. At the same time, the QoS version number is not unified in the above solution, which will cause the system to only process a single QoS version.

The main reason for this situation is that the QoS of different networks is not mapped, so that the QoS of different network systems cannot be matched; the version numbers of QoS are not unified, resulting in poor system compatibility.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a QoS mapping method and system from a general mobile communication system to an IP network, so that the QoS of different types of networks can be matched, and the overall quality of data communication across different types of networks can be improved.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of QoS mapping method of general mobile communication system to IP network, comprises the following steps:

A pre-configures the mapping rules of service quality in the configuration library;

B responds to the request message sent by the user to negotiate the quality of service;

C queries the configuration library according to the negotiation result to obtain the mapping rule;

D performs service quality mapping on the business according to the mapping rule;

E performs data forwarding of the service according to the mapped service quality.

Wherein, said step D further comprises the following sub-steps:

D1 determines whether the IP network supports the service type or the differentiated service code point, if it supports the service type, then enters step D2, if it supports the differentiated service code point, then enters step D3;

D2 maps the session class, flow class, interactive class, and background class in the general mobile communication system to 8 priority queues of the service type of the IP network according to the mapping rule of the service type;

D3 According to the mapping rules of differentiated service code points, the session class, flow class, interactive class, and background class in the general mobile communication system are mapped to the fast forwarding, guaranteed forwarding or best-effort forwarding mode of the differentiated service code point value of the IP network .

Said step D2 further comprises the following sub-steps:

When no suitable mapping rule can be found, the quality of service mapping is performed according to the following default configuration:

The session class of the quality of service is mapped to the queue 7 of the service type;

The flow class of the quality of service is mapped to the queue 3 of the service type;

The interaction class of the quality of service is mapped to the queue 1 of the service type;

The background class of the quality of service is mapped to queue 0 of the service type.

Said step D3 further comprises the following sub-steps:

When no suitable mapping rule can be found, the quality of service mapping is performed according to the following default configuration:

QoS session classes are mapped to fast forwarding queues;

QoS flow classes are mapped to guaranteed forwarding queues;

QoS interactive classes and background classes map to best-effort forwarding queues.

Said step E further comprises the following sub-steps:

The agreed access speed parameter is extracted from the quality of service before mapping, and flow control is performed on the data forwarding of the service according to the agreed access speed parameter.

The step of extracting the agreed access speed parameter from the quality of service before mapping includes the following sub-steps:

Determine whether the version of the quality of service before the mapping is R97/98 or R99, if it is R97/98, convert the peak throughput into the maximum uplink rate and the maximum downlink rate of the R99 version, and extract these two parameters, if it is For R99, the maximum uplink rate, maximum downlink rate, guaranteed uplink rate and guaranteed downlink rate are extracted.

The step B also includes the following sub-steps:

According to the negotiated quality of service, it is judged whether the version of the quality of service belongs to R97/98, and if so, the quality of service of the R97/98 version is converted into the quality of service of the R99 version.

The mapping rules are either global or access point name based.

The present invention also provides a quality of service mapping system from a general mobile communication system to an IP network, which includes a service module for receiving request messages and a data forwarding module for data forwarding, and the system also includes a processing module for Perform quality of service negotiation and quality of service mapping, and send the agreed access speed of data forwarding to the data forwarding module;

The service module notifies the processing module to perform quality negotiation after receiving the request message.

Wherein, the processing module is also used to convert the quality of service of the universal mobile communication system from the R97/98 version to the R99 version.

The processing module also includes a configuration library for saving the mapping rules of the quality of service mapping.

Through comparison, it can be found that the difference between the technical solution of the present invention and the prior art lies in that by designing the mapping from UMTS system QoS to IP network QoS and formulating the rules of mapping, users can configure the QoS between the two networks to reach the corresponding match, thereby ensuring the QoS of the entire system. Utilize the compatibility of the R99 version of QoS with the R97/98 version of QoS, and complete the unification of the two before mapping, thereby optimizing the compatibility of this system.

The difference in this technical solution has brought obvious beneficial effects, that is, the QoS solution of the entire network is realized, that is, the QoS parameters in UMTS can also play a full role in the IP network, so that the services entering the IP network from UMTS Get the right level of quality of service throughout the process. It avoids high-level business being delayed due to service quality confusion, and makes full use of limited network bandwidth resources. Users can obtain network-wide QoS guarantees that meet their needs by configuring the mapping mechanism from UMTS system QoS to IP network QoS. And the unification of the two versions of QoS increases the compatibility of the system.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of network elements of a UMTS system;

Fig. 2 is the architectural diagram of the QoS of UMTS system;

Fig. 3 is the basic scheme diagram utilizing SGSN/GGSN to realize UMTS QoS in the prior art;

Fig. 4 is a message passing diagram of packet data unit PDP context activation in the prior art;

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a QoS mapping system from UMTS to an IP network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for mapping UMTS to IP network quality of service according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 5 is a system structure diagram of mapping QoS of UMTS network to IP network according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure. The structure consists of three modules: a business module 51 , a processing module 52 , and a data forwarding module 55 . The processing module 52 can be further divided into a negotiation module 53 and a mapping module 54 .

The service module 51 is configured to receive a request message, which may be an activation request or the like. Those skilled in the art can know that the service module 51 may be an SGSN in actual use.

The processing module 52 is mainly used to complete the QoS negotiation and complete the configuration of the QoS mapping relationship based on the global or Access Point Name (Access Point Name, "APN" for short). The processing module 52 further includes a negotiation module 53 and a mapping module 54 .

The negotiation module 53 is used to complete the QoS negotiation process and obtain the service category of the user. Thereby, the mapping from UMTS system QoS to IP service category (Type of Service, referred to as "TOS") or differentiated services code point (Differentiated Services CodePoint, referred to as "DSCP") can be realized according to the user's business category, and the QoS R97/98 The version is converted to the R99 version. The main thing here is to convert the delay class of the R97/98 version into the service class and priority of the R99 version, and then map according to the unified R99.

The above process will be specifically described below.

If the delay class of R97/98 is 1, 2, or 3, the service class converted to R99 is the interactive class; if the delay class of R97/98 is 4, the service class converted to R99 is the background class . After conversion, the priority of R99 is consistent with that of R97/98.

The guaranteed rate provided by R97/98 is the peak rate; the transmission delay is 00.

The mapping module 54 is used to complete the mapping of UMTS system QoS to TOS or DSCP of IP, and the session class in the UMTS system, flow class, interactive class, background class are mapped to 8 priority queues of TOS of IP or DSCP of IP Expedited Forwarding ("EF" for short), Assured Forwarding ("AF" for short), and Best Effort Forwarding ("BF" for short) modes.

If the system supports TOS mapping, query the QoS configuration according to the service category in the user negotiation QoS, if the query fails, use the default configuration. The default configuration is: QoS session class corresponds to TOS queue 7; QoS flow class corresponds to TOS queue 3; QoS interactive class corresponds to TOS queue 1; QoS background class corresponds to TOS queue 0. The configuration of QoS can be configured by the user according to the QoS supported by the GGSN. Users configure global-based and APN-based QoS mapping relationships.

If the system supports DSCP mapping, query the QoS configuration according to the service category in the QoS negotiated by the user. The QoS to be queried is configured by the user, and is usually configured into three categories: EF, AF, and BF. If the queried service configuration is EF, it is mapped to EF queue, and the DSCP value is 101110; if the queried service configuration is BF, it is mapped to BF queue, and the DSCP value is 000000; if the queried service configuration is AF , are mapped to the 12 queues of the AF according to the delay and priority of the service. Since the delay occupies 6 bits in the QoS structure, only the upper 2 bits are used here. The priority occupies 2 bits, and the value can be 01, 10, or 11. The mapping relationship is described as follows:

When the value of the upper 2 bits of the delay is 00, if the priority value is 01, it is configured as AF queue 0, and the corresponding DSCP value is 001010; if the priority value is 10, it is configured as AF queue 1, corresponding The DSCP value of the queue is 001100; if the priority value is 11, it is configured as AF queue 2, and the corresponding DSCP value is 001110.

When the high 2 bits of the delay are 01, if the priority value is 01, it is configured as AF queue 3, and the corresponding DSCP value is 010010; if the priority value is 10, it is configured as AF queue 4, and the corresponding DSCP value is 010010. The value is 010100; if the priority value is 11, it is configured as AF queue 5, and the corresponding DSCP value is 010110.

When the high 2 digits of the delay are 10, if the priority value is 01, it is configured as AF queue 6, and the corresponding DSCP value is 011010; if the priority value is 10, it is configured as AF queue 7, and the corresponding DSCP value is 011010. The value is 011100; if the priority value is 11, it is configured as AF queue 8, and the corresponding DSCP value is 011110.

When the high 2 bits of the delay are 11, if the priority value is 01, configure it as AF queue 9, and the corresponding DSCP value is 100010; if the priority value is 10, configure it as AF queue 10, and the corresponding DSCP value The value is 100100; if the priority value is 11, it is configured as guaranteed forwarding AF queue 11, and the corresponding DSCP value is 100110.

If the query fails, the default configuration is used. The session class of QoS is mapped to the EF queue, the flow class corresponds to the AF queue, and the interaction class and background class are mapped to the BF queue.

The data forwarding module 55 is used to forward data according to the Committed Access Rate (CAR) provided by the service module 51, and perform flow control. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data forwarding module 55 is a router. For the QoS R97/98 version, the peak throughput needs to be converted to the maximum uplink rate and maximum downlink rate of the R99 version, and the guaranteed uplink rate and guaranteed downlink rate are not provided; for the R99 version, the maximum uplink rate and the maximum downlink rate are forwarded, and the guaranteed Uplink rate and guaranteed downlink rate.

The function of each module in the system structure diagram of mapping UMTS network QoS to IP network according to an embodiment of the present invention is briefly described above, and the specific processing process is briefly described below.

At first the business module 51 receives the request message, then in the processing module 52 the message is analyzed, the QoS of the message is negotiated by the negotiation module 53, and the QoS is all converted into the R99 version, then enters the mapping module 54, according to the QoS business category, referring to the configuration of the user, to complete the global-based or APN-based quality of service mapping, and finally the data forwarding module 55 performs data forwarding according to the agreed access speed CAR of the service module 51.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the process of mapping the QoS of the UMTS network to the IP network according to an embodiment of the present invention is further described, as shown in the figure.

In step 610, the service module receives the request message sent by the user. In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, such a message may be a request for activating a packet data protocol PDP context sent by the MS to the SGSN.

Enter step 620 and step 630 then, carry out QoS negotiation to the request received, finish the format conversion of QoS R97/98 version to quality of service QoS R99.

Specifically, in step 620, QoS negotiation is performed. It should be noted that the so-called QoS negotiation refers to matching system and network resources according to pre-defined QoS parameters, and satisfying user requirements through resource allocation and scheduling. Those skilled in the art should know that the content of QoS negotiation may be bandwidth, delay, bit error rate and so on.

In step 630, the service category of the user is determined according to the negotiated QoS, and the unification of the two versions of the service quality is completed, and the R97/98 version is converted into the R99 version. As mentioned above, in the UMTS system, there are four types of user services: session type, flow type, interactive type and background type. The session class and stream class are more sensitive to delay, while the interactive class and background class are not sensitive to delay.

Then enter step 640, query the user configuration database according to the service type of the user, and obtain the QoS mapping rule. The user configuration library can be configured by the user on the GGSN. Because there are two ways to provide QoS guarantee for IP, one is provided by TOS, and the other is provided by DSCP. Therefore, there are two configuration methods for mapping rules, and which method to use depends on which method the system supports.

The combination of step 650 and step 660 or step 670 is used to realize the mapping process of different network QoS. What is realized in the embodiment of the present invention is the QoS mapping from the UMTS network to the IP network.

Specifically, in step 650, the underlying interface is queried to determine whether the system supports TOS or DSCP, so as to determine the mapping rule adopted when mapping between different networks. If it is determined that the system supports TOS, the TOS mapping rule is adopted, and the process proceeds to step 660; if it is determined that the system supports DSCP, the DSCP mapping rule is adopted, and the process proceeds to step 670.

In step 660, the system converts the service type of the user into a corresponding TOS value according to the TOS mapping rule in the user configuration database, and completes the mapping to the IP network.

In step 670, the system converts the service type of the user into a corresponding DSCP value according to the DSCP mapping rule in the user configuration database, and completes the mapping to the IP network.

Then enter step 680, send the value of TOS or DSCP, and the CAR parameter to the data forwarding module, and send to the new network after format conversion. The CAR parameter can be used for flow control during data forwarding.

Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. a general mobile communication system to the quality of service mapping method of IP network, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: A pre-configures the mapping rules of service quality in the configuration library; B responds to the request message sent by the user to negotiate the quality of service; C queries the configuration library according to the negotiation result to obtain the mapping rule; D performs service quality mapping on the business according to the mapping rule; E performs data forwarding of the service according to the mapped service quality. 2. universal mobile communication system according to claim 1 to the quality of service mapping method of IP network, it is characterized in that, described step D also further comprises the following substeps: D1 determines whether the IP network supports the service type or the differentiated service code point, if it supports the service type, then enters step D2, if it supports the differentiated service code point, then enters step D3; D2 maps the session class, flow class, interactive class, and background class in the general mobile communication system to the priority queue of the service type of the IP network according to the mapping rule of the service type; D3 According to the mapping rules of differentiated service code points, the session class, flow class, interactive class, and background class in the general mobile communication system are mapped to the fast forwarding, guaranteed forwarding, or best-effort of the differentiated service code point value of the IP network Forwarding mode. 3. the quality of service mapping method of universal mobile communication system to IP network according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step D2 also further comprises the following substeps: When no suitable mapping rule can be found, the quality of service mapping is performed according to the following default configuration: The session class of the quality of service is mapped to the queue 7 of the service type; The flow class of the quality of service is mapped to the queue 3 of the service type; The interaction class of the quality of service is mapped to the queue 1 of the service type; The background class of the quality of service is mapped to queue 0 of the service type. 4. universal mobile communication system according to claim 2 to the quality of service mapping method of IP network, it is characterized in that, described step D3 also further comprises the following sub-steps: When no suitable mapping rule can be found, the quality of service mapping is performed according to the following default configuration: QoS session classes are mapped to fast forwarding queues; QoS flow classes are mapped to guaranteed forwarding queues; QoS interactive classes and background classes map to best-effort forwarding queues. 5. the quality of service mapping method of universal mobile communication system to IP network according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step E also further comprises following sub-step: The agreed access speed parameter is extracted from the service quality before mapping, and flow control is performed on the data forwarding of the service according to the agreed access speed parameter. 6. the quality of service mapping method of universal mobile communication system according to claim 5 to IP network, it is characterized in that, the described step that extracts agreed access speed parameter from the quality of service before mapping comprises the following substeps: Determine whether the version of the quality of service before the mapping is R97/98 or R99, if it is R97/98, convert the peak throughput into the maximum uplink rate and the maximum downlink rate of the R99 version, and extract these two parameters; if it is For R99, the maximum uplink rate, maximum downlink rate, guaranteed uplink rate and guaranteed downlink rate are extracted. 7. the quality of service mapping method of universal mobile communication system to IP network according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step B also comprises the following substeps: According to the negotiated quality of service, it is judged whether the version of the quality of service belongs to R97/98, and if so, the quality of service of the R97/98 version is converted into the quality of service of the R99 version. 8. The method for mapping the quality of service from the universal mobile communication system to the IP network according to claim 1, wherein the mapping rule is based on global or access point names. 9. A quality of service mapping system from a general mobile communication system to an IP network, comprising a service module for receiving a request message, and a data forwarding module for data forwarding, characterized in that the system also includes a processing module for To perform quality of service negotiation and quality of service mapping, and send the agreed access speed of data forwarding to the data forwarding module; and The service module notifies the processing module to perform quality negotiation after receiving the request message. 10. The quality of service mapping system from the universal mobile communication system to the IP network according to claim 9, wherein the processing module is also used to convert the quality of service of the universal mobile communication system from the R97/98 version to the R99 version . 11. The quality of service mapping system from the universal mobile communication system to the IP network according to claim 9, wherein the processing module further comprises a configuration library for storing the mapping rules of the quality of service mapping.

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