CN1614111A

CN1614111A - Knitting structure, method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN1614111A
Application number: CN 200410067299
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡红
Original assignee: Donghua University
Current assignee: Donghua University
Priority date: 2004-10-20
Filing date: 2004-10-20
Publication date: 2005-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2024-10-20
Also published as: CN100441758C

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of textiles and provides a multiaxial reinforced weft knitting structure, a weaving method and a yarn feeding device for a special flat knitting machine. The multiaxial reinforced weft knitting structure includes two weft plain stitches, two sets of warp yarns, two sets of weft yarns, one set of +45° oblique yarns and one set of -45° oblique yarns, warp yarns, weft yarns and oblique yarns The directional yarns are lined into the weft and plain stitches in a straight way, and are bound by their coil posts and sinker arcs respectively, which enhances the binding ability of the knitted yarns to the warp, weft and oblique yarns, and improves the symmetry of the structure It is suitable for the reinforcement of high-performance structural-functional composite materials.

Description

A kind of knitted structure and braid method thereof and isolated plant

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of knitted structure and braid method thereof and device, relate to a kind of multiaxis particularly to strengthening weft-knitting structure and braid method and special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device.

Background technology:

Multiaxis is a kind of a kind of fabric structure that serves as a contrast warp thread, weft yarn and oblique yarn in organizing to knitted structure knittingly, and it has good plane mechanical property, is widely used as the enhancing of industry with knit materials and structural composite material.At present representative multiaxis has three types to knitted structure: first type is that the multiaxis that weaves on warp knitting machine is to knitted structure, in this fabric construction, during at least 4 layers yarn (one deck weft yarn, one deck warp thread, one deck+45 ° oblique yarn and one deck-45 ° oblique yarn) is organized by parallel lining with going into, the ground tissue can also adopt other institutional frameworks such as chaining except warp plain stitch.Second type be the multiaxis that on knit-stitch machine, weaves to knitted structure, it is to very similar to knitted structure through compiling flat pattern weft knitting multiaxis.In knitted structure, can also add one or more layers non-weaving cloth at this multiaxis of two types.The third type be the multiaxis that on parallel weft-knitting machine, weaves to knitted structure, the difference of base area tissue has two kinds of different structures.A kind ofly organize, as shown in Figure 1 with the flat pin of latitude with serving as.In this fabric construction, not straight in the ground tissue through weft yarn and oblique yarn, they are interweaved as woven, therefore have anti-preferably yarn separating power, but the plane mechanical property are subjected to certain influence.Another kind is organized with the rib-loop with being, as shown in Figure 2.In this fabric construction, all be to serve as a contrast in the ground tissue through weft yarn and oblique yarn straightly, owing to adopt rib-loop to organize, therefore have suitable preferably type with being.In the weft-knitting structure, all is to adopt a stocking yarn braiding ground tissue at above multiaxis, though they have good plane mechanical property, the mechanical property of fabric thickness direction is relatively poor, therefore is subjected to certain restriction in the use.

Summary of the invention:

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of multiaxis to strengthening weft-knitting structure and braid method and special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device, with solve in the prior art multiaxis to knitted structure along the relatively poor shortcoming of fabric thickness direction mechanical property.

The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of multiaxis is to strengthening the weft-knitting structure, comprise two the flat pin of latitude ground tissues 28,28 ', two groups of warp thread 25,25 ', two groups of weft yarns 27,27 ', one group of-45 ° of oblique yarn 26 and one group+45 ° oblique yarns 26 ', wherein warp thread 25,25 ', and weft yarn 27,27 ' all becomes balanced configuration with the flat pin of latitude ground tissue 28,28 ', oblique yarn 26,26 ' is positioned at warp thread 25,25 ' the inside, and weft yarn 27,27 ' is positioned at warp thread 25,25 ' outside; Weft yarn 27,27 ', warp thread 25,25 ' and oblique yarn 26,26 ' all serve as a contrast in the flat pin of the latitude ground tissue 28,28 ' in straight mode, held onto with sinker loop 30,30 ' by their loop pillar 29,29 ' respectively.

Multiaxis strengthens the special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device of knitted structure to weft knitting, needle-bar 1,1 ' before and after comprising, front and back needle-bed knitting needle 2,2 ', front and back weft feeders 3,3 ', before and after stocking yarn thread-carrier 6,6 ', the two groups of warp thread thread-carriers in front and back 9,9 ' and+-45 ° of two groups of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11,11 ', wherein two groups of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11,11 ' come two groups of warp thread thread-carriers 9,9 ' the inside; Described weft feeders 3,3 ', stocking yarn thread-carrier 6,6 ', warp thread thread-carrier 9,9 ' and oblique yarn thread-carrier 11,11 ' before and after balanced configuration, their in the past needle-bar backward the needle-bar distributing order of leading be: weft feeders 3, stocking yarn thread-carrier 6 ', warp thread thread-carrier 9 ,-45 ° of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11 ,+45 ° of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11 ', warp thread thread-carrier 9 ', stocking yarn thread-carrier 6, weft feeders 3 '.

Weft feeders 3,3 ' is mobile along

guide rail

5,5 ' and 8,8 ' by their

slide block

4,4 ' and 7,7 ' respectively with stocking yarn thread-carrier 6,6 '; Two groups of warp thread thread-carriers 9,9 ' are installed in respectively on two warp thread support bars 10,10 ', and they maintain static; Two groups-+45 ° oblique yarn thread-carriers 11,11 ' all are installed on the oblique yarn thread-carrier slide block 12,12 ', every slide block is only installed a thread-carrier, they are done-45 ° and+45 ° along needle-bar respectively and laterally move, and change its direction of motion by circular motion at two edges of fabric, the left side from-45 ° forward to+45 °, the right forwards-45 ° to, the formation shuttling movement from+45 °.

Two groups of warp thread thread-carriers 9,9 ' are horizontal along the needle-bar direction, and each thread-carrier is between two pieces of knitting needles, and its thread-carrier spacing is identical with needle gage; Two groups of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11,11 ' are horizontal along the needle-bar direction, and each thread-carrier is between two pieces of knitting needles, and its thread-carrier spacing is identical with needle gage, and all oblique yarn thread-carriers are lined up a closed-loop path; Support bar 10,10 ' symmetry are installed on the frame of straight-bar machines, and its position can be regulated; All oblique yarn thread-carrier slide blocks 12,12 ' connect together by pin 13 and chain piece 14 and form slide block chain 15, and by front and back gear 16,16 ' come transmissions, slide block chain 15 each mobile needle gages can change; Pin 13,13 ' on the slide block 12,12 ', guide pin 17,17 ' and slide block chimb 18,18 ' embed respectively in the guide rail 19,20 and 21 that track is an oval shape, in case limited slip block upset and guarantee when mobile steady; Slide block 12,12 ' Breadth Maximum are identical with needle gage, and head end is a semicircular sector, is convenient to the circular motion at two edges; Before and after

guide rail bracket

22,22 ' and 23,23 ' be separately fixed on the guide rail support bar 24,24 ', and cramp bar 24,24 ' is installed on the frame of straight-bar machines.

Multiaxis is to the braid method that strengthens the weft-knitting structure, comprise the steps: (a) warp thread thread-carrier 9,9 ' with two groups of warp thread 25,25 ' from vertical feeding woven extent, every warp thread is fed between two pieces of knitting needles, and two weft yarns 27,27 ' only feed when two needle-bed knitting needles 2,2 ' lopping braiding; (b) stocking yarn thread-carrier 6,6 ' and weft feeders 3,3 ' respectively stocking yarn 28,28 ' and weft yarn 27,27 ' before broadwise feeding knitting needle 2,2 ' pin and the needle back position, described braiding process is alternately carried out on two needle-bars 1,1 '; (c) oblique yarn thread-carrier 11,11 ' is by along laterally the moving of needle-bar direction, and from vertically two groups of oblique yarns 26,26 ' being fed woven extent respectively with certain angle of inclination, every oblique yarn is between two pieces of knitting needles.Oblique yarn thread-carrier 11,11 ' does not only just laterally move when the front and back knitting needle is not worked, thread-carrier 11 moves to-45 ° of directions, thread-carrier 11 ' moves to+45 ° of directions, and change its direction of motion by circular motion at two edges of fabric, by changing the angle of inclination that thread-carrier 11,11 ' each needle gage size that moves can change oblique yarn.

Comparing advantage of the present invention with existing interval knitted structure is:

1. owing to adopt two stocking yarns, strengthened the constraint ability of maille sinker loop pair warp and weft yarn and oblique yarn, and improved the symmetry of structure and the mechanical property of third dimension direction respectively at front and back needle-bar braiding ground tissue.

2. owing to adopt the oblique yarn transmission system of independent control, the each traversing needle gage of oblique thread-carrier can change flexibly, can feed the oblique yarn of differing tilt angles, adapts to the requirement that changed by force direction.

3. respectively self-movement of stocking yarn thread-carrier and weft feeders, but and flexible modulation, the flexibility of straight-bar machines is improved, the multiaxis that can weave different structure is to strengthening the weft-knitting structure.

Description of drawings:

The existing weft-knitted multiaxis of Fig. 1 is to knitted structure schematic diagram (the flat pin of latitude is organized with being)

The existing weft-knitted multiaxis of Fig. 2 is to knitted structure schematic diagram (rib-loop is organized with being)

Fig. 3 multiaxis is to strengthening the weft-knitting structural representation

Fig. 4 special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device schematic diagram

Oblique yarn horizontal mobile device schematic diagram among Fig. 5 Fig. 4

Fig. 6 special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device braiding original state schematic diagram

Needle-bar braiding process schematic diagram before Fig. 7 special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device

Needle-bar braiding process schematic diagram behind Fig. 8 special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device

The specific embodiment:

Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 as seen, multiaxis of the present invention comprises two the flat pin of latitude ground tissues 28,28 ' to strengthening the weft-knitting structure, two groups of

warp thread

25,25 ', 27,27 ', one group of-45 ° of oblique yarn 26 of two groups of weft yarns and one group+45 ° oblique yarns 26 '.Warp thread 25,25 ', weft yarn 27,27 ' becomes balanced configuration with the flat pin of latitude ground tissue 28,28 ', and oblique yarn 26,26 ' is positioned at warp thread 25,25 ' the inside, and weft yarn 27,27 ' is positioned at warp thread 25,25 ' outside; Weft yarn 27,27 ', warp thread 25,25 ' and oblique yarn 26,26 ' serve as a contrast in the flat pin of the latitude ground tissue 28,28 ' in straight mode, respectively by their loop pillar 29,29 ' and sinker loop 30,30 ' hold onto, strengthen the constraint ability of stocking yarn pair warp and weft yarn and oblique yarn, and improved the symmetry of structure and the mechanical property of third dimension direction.

Consult Fig. 4, Fig. 5, multiaxis of the present invention is to strengthening weft-knitting structure special flat knitting machine yarn feeding device, needle-bar 1,1 ' before and after comprising, front and back needle-bed knitting needle 2,2 ', before and after weft feeders 3,3 ', front and back stocking yarn thread-carrier 6,6 ', the two groups of warp thread thread-carriers in front and back 9,9 ' and two group of oblique yarn thread-

carrier

11,11 '.Two groups of warp thread thread-carriers 9,9 ' are installed on two warp thread support bars 10,10 ', and support bar 10,10 ' is installed on the frame of straight-bar machines.Two groups of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11,11 ' are installed on the oblique yarn thread-carrier slide block 12,12 ', every slide block is only installed a thread-carrier, all oblique yarn thread-carrier slide blocks 12,12 ' connect together by pin 13 and chain piece 14 and form slide block chain 15, and do-45 ° and+45 ° by travelling gear 16,16 ' transmission along needle-bar and laterally move.Except stocking yarn thread-carrier 6, outside 6 ', remaining thread-

carrier

3,3 ', 9,9 ' and 11,11 ' all be processed into by required form with thin metal pipe, all thread-

carriers

3,3 ', 6,6 ', 9,9 ' and 11,11 ' all before and after balanced configuration, their in the past needle-bar backward the needle-bar distributing order of leading be: weft feeders 3, stocking yarn thread-carrier 6 ', warp thread thread-carrier 9 ,-45 ° of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11 ,+45 ° of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11 ', warp thread thread-carrier 9 ' stocking yarn thread-carrier 6, weft feeders 3 '.

Its operation principle as shown in Figure 6, from vertical feeding woven extent, feed between two pieces of knitting needles by every warp thread with two groups of warp thread 25,25 ' for warp thread thread-

carrier

9,9 '.Weft feeders 3,3 ' moves back and forth along corresponding carrier rod 5,5 ' by slide block 4,4 ' respectively, and with weft yarn 27,27 ' feeds the needle back position of front and back needle-bed knitting

needle

2 and 2 '.Stocking yarn thread-carrier 6,6 ' moves back and forth along corresponding carrier rod 8,8 ' by slide block 7,7 ' respectively, and with stocking yarn 28,28 ' feeds the lapping position before front and back needle-bed knitting needle 2, the 2 ' pin respectively.Oblique yarn thread-carrier 11,11 ' is under travelling gear 16,16 ' effect, move laterally along the needle-bar direction by slide block 12,12 ', from vertically two groups of oblique yarns 26,26 ' being fed woven extent respectively with certain angle of inclination, every oblique yarn is between two pieces of knitting needles.Oblique yarn thread-carrier 11,11 ' does not only just laterally move when the front and back knitting needle is not worked, its middle yarn guider 11 moves towards-45 ° of directions, thread-carrier 11 ' moves towards+45 ° of directions, and change its direction of motion by circular motion at two edges of fabric, the left side from-45 ° forward to+45 °, the right forwards-45 ° to, the formation shuttling movement from+45 °.During braiding,, can obtain having the weft-knitted multiaxis of the oblique yarn of differing tilt angles to knitted structure by changing thread-carrier 11,11 ' each needle gage size that moves.

Multiaxis of the present invention is as follows to the operation principle that strengthens the special-purpose braid method of weft-knitting structure:

As shown in Figure 6, at initial position, front and back knitting needle 2,2 ' is just finished the braiding of a repetitive, is in extreme lower position.Cam system is in the left side or the right side of needle-bar simultaneously before and after this moment, is positioned at the outside of the formed woven extent of work knitting needle.Put on stocking yarn 28,28 ' stocking yarn thread-carrier 6,6 ' with put on weft yarn 27, the position that 27 ' weft feeders 3,3 ' and cam system are in needle-bar the same side.Two groups of warp thread thread-carriers 9,9 ' are respectively warp thread 25, and 25 ' from vertical feeding woven extent, and every warp thread is fed between two pieces of knitting needles, and its position remains unchanged.Two groups of oblique yarn thread-carriers 11,11 ' are temporarily motionless after certain needle gage is laterally moved in a last position, and from vertically two groups of oblique yarns 26,26 ' being fed woven extent respectively with certain angle of inclination, every oblique yarn is between two pieces of knitting needles.

The braiding process: cam system is in the left side of needle-bar simultaneously before and after supposing.Front needle bed knitting needle 2 weaves earlier, as shown in Figure 7, preceding needle-bar cam system and preceding needle-bar weft feeders 3 and stocking yarn thread-carrier 6 are synchronized with the movement from left to right, preceding needle-bar weft feeders 3 rises prior to knitting needle 2 and moves back the preceding position that weft yarn 27 is filled up needle back of circle, weft feeders 3 position of weft yarn 27 being filled up needle back for convenience, first pressing before knitting needle 2 withdrawals of needle, and then circle is moved back in rise.Knitting needle 2 is finished and is moved back the decline of circle back, before needle-bar stocking yarn thread-carrier 6 fills up the pinhock of knitting needle 2 to stocking yarn 28 before this moment, the right side of warp thread 25 ', knitting needle 2 continues to descend then, carry out the kinking lopping, when knitting needle 2 dropped to minimum point, multiaxis of needle-bar was to the line braiding that strengthens the weft-knitting structure before finishing.Next, back needle-bed knitting needle 2 ' weaves, and its braiding process is identical when weaving with preceding needle-bar.As shown in Figure 8, back needle-bar cam system and back needle-bar weft feeders 3 ' and stocking yarn thread-carrier 6 ' are synchronized with the movement from left to right, back needle-bar weft feeders 3 ' rises prior to knitting needle 2 ' and moves back the preceding position that weft yarn 27 ' is filled up needle back of circle, weft feeders 3 ' the position of weft yarn 27 ' being filled up needle back for convenience, first pressing before the knitting needle 2 ' withdrawal of needle, and then circle is moved back in rise.Knitting needle 2 ' is finished and is moved back the decline of circle back, before this moment, needle-bar stocking yarn thread-carrier 6 ' in back filled up the pinhock of knitting needle 2 ' to stocking yarn 28 ', warp thread 25 the left side, knitting needle 2 ' continues to descend then, carry out the kinking lopping, when knitting needle 2 ' dropped to minimum point, twin shaft of needle-bar was to strengthening the weft knitting line braiding of knitted structure at interval after finishing.Front and back knitting needle 2,2 ' finish braiding after, all be in not duty, at this moment oblique yarn thread-carrier is done traversing moving, thread-carrier 11 moves towards-45 ° of directions, and thread-carrier 11 ' moves towards+45 ° of directions, makes the yarn 26 from vertical feeding woven extent, 26 ' respectively towards-45 ° and+45 ° of directions inclinations, form oblique yarn.Like this, needle-bar wove once respectively that to add once oblique yarn thread-carrier traversing before and after repetitive needed.When a repetitive was finished, all mechanisms got back to initial position as shown in Figure 7 again, and the braiding of new repetitive can begin again to carry out.

From said process as can be seen: former and later two needle-bars weave two the flat pin of latitude ground tissues respectively, have strengthened the constraint ability of stocking yarn pair warp and weft yarn and oblique yarn, and have improved the symmetry of structure and the mechanical property of third dimension direction.Braiding order by selecting the different modes of entrying through weft yarn and oblique yarn, front and back needle-bar and change the needle gage size that oblique thread-carrier moves at every turn, the multiaxis that can knit out differing tilt angles, different Density and different stocking yarn constraint degree is to strengthening the weft-knitting structure.

Claims

1. A multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure, comprising two weft plain stitches (28), (28 '), two groups of warp yarns (25), (25 '), two groups of weft yarns (27), ( 27 '), one group of -45 ° oblique yarn (26) and one group of +45 ° oblique yarn (26 '), it is characterized in that: warp yarn (25), (25 '), weft yarn (27), (27 ') and weft flat stitches (28), (28') are all symmetrically configured, oblique yarns (26), (26') are positioned inside warp yarns (25), (25 '), weft yarns (27), (27 ') is positioned at the outside of warp yarn (25), (25 '); Weft yarn (27), (27 '), warp yarn (25), (25 ') and oblique yarn (26), (26 ') all with Straight way interlinings are inserted into weft flat stitch ground weaves (28), (28'), bound by their collar posts 29, 29' and sinker loops 30, 30' respectively.

2. The special-purpose flat knitting machine yarn feeding device of multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising front and rear needle beds, front and rear needle beds knitting needles, front and rear weft yarn guides, front and rear knitting yarn guides , two groups of warp yarn guides before and after and +-45° two groups of oblique yarn guides, characterized in that: two groups of oblique yarn guides (11), (11') are arranged in two groups of warp yarn guides The inside of (9), (9'); the weft yarn guide, the knitting yarn guide, the warp yarn guide and the oblique yarn guide are symmetrically arranged front and back, and they are guided from the front needle bed to the rear needle bed. The arrangement sequence is: weft yarn guide (3), knitting yarn guide (6'), warp yarn guide (9), -45° oblique yarn guide (11), +45° oblique yarn Yarn guide (11'), warp yarn guide (9'), knitting yarn guide (6), weft yarn guide (3').

3. The special-purpose flat knitting machine yarn feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the two weft yarn guides (3), (3') and the two knitting yarn guides (6) , (6') can move along the direction of the needle bed; the two groups of warp thread guides (9), (9') are respectively fixed on two warp thread support rods (10), (10'); Group +-45° oblique yarn guides (11), (11') are all installed on the oblique yarn guide sliders (12), (12'), and each slider is only equipped with one yarn guide They move horizontally along the needle bed at -45° and +45° respectively, and change their direction of motion through circular motion at the two edges of the fabric, from -45° to +45° on the left, and from +45° to +45° on the right -45°, forming a circular motion.

4. The special-purpose flat knitting machine yarn feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the two groups of warp yarn guides (9), (9') are arranged horizontally along the direction of the needle bed, and each yarn guide The device is located between two knitting needles, and the distance between the yarn guides is the same as the needle pitch; the two groups of oblique yarn guides (11), (11') are arranged horizontally along the direction of the needle bed, and each yarn guide Located between two knitting needles, the distance between the yarn guides is the same as the needle pitch, and all oblique yarn guides are arranged in a closed loop; the support rods (10), (10') are symmetrically installed on the flat knitting machine On the frame, its position can be adjusted; Described oblique yarn guide slider (12), (12') passes pin (13), (13') and chain block (14), (14') Be linked together to form slide block chain (15), and drive by front and back gear (16), (16 '); Pin (13), (13 ') on slide block (12), (12 '), guide pin (17), (17') and slider flanges (18), (18') are respectively embedded in the guide rails (19), (20) and (21) whose track is a waist circle, to prevent the slider from overturning and ensure Steady when moving; The maximum width of slide block 12,12 ' is identical with pitch, and the head end is semicircle fan-shaped, is convenient to the circular motion at two edges; Front and back rail frame (22), (22 ') and (23), ( 23 ') are respectively fixed on the guide rail support bar (24), (24 '), and support bar (24), (24 ') is installed on the frame of flat knitting machine again.

5. The special-purpose flat knitting machine yarn feeding device according to any one of claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: the front needle bed knitting needles (2) and the weft yarn guide (3) and the knitting yarn guide The device (6) works simultaneously; the knitting needles (2') of the rear needle bed work simultaneously with the weft yarn guide (3') and the knitting yarn guide (6'); the oblique yarn guide (11) , (11') can only move laterally when the front and rear knitting needles (2), (2') are not working.

6. The special-purpose flat knitting machine yarn feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that said yarn guides (3), (3'), (9), (9'), (11) and ( 11 ') all adopt fine metal tube to form by required shape processing.

7. The method for weaving multi-axially reinforced weft-knitted structures as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (a) warp yarn guides (9), (9') guide two groups of warp yarns (25) , (25') are fed into the knitting area from the longitudinal direction, and each warp yarn is fed between two knitting needles, and the two weft yarns (27), (27') are only knit on the two needle beds (2), (2' ) feeding when knitting into a loop; (b) the knitting yarn guide (6), (6') and the weft yarn guide (3), (3') respectively feed the knitting yarn (28), (28 ') and The weft yarn (27), (27') is fed into the needle front and needle back positions of the knitting needles (2), (2') from the weft direction, and the knitting process is alternately performed on the two needle beds (1), (1') (c) oblique yarn guides (11), (11 ') move two groups of oblique yarns (26), (26 ') at a certain angle of inclination from the longitudinal direction by moving laterally along the direction of the needle bed Feed separately to the knitting area, each diagonal yarn is positioned between two needles.

8. The method for weaving multi-axial reinforced weft-knitted structures according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step (c), the diagonal yarn guides (11), (11') only knit Just laterally move when pin does not work, yarn guide (11) moves to-45 ° direction, and yarn guide (11 ') moves to +45 ° direction, and changes its motion direction by circular motion at fabric two edges.

9. The method for weaving a multi-axial reinforced weft-knitted structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step (c), each movement of the diagonal yarn guide (11), (11') Stitch size can be changed.