Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the problem at above-mentioned existence, provide a kind of simple in structure, only use a small amount of high-tension high-power electronic power switch device, just can realize the load tapchanging method and apparatus of power transformer dynamic combined pressure regulation winding, it is low to have cost, the advantage that reliability is high.
The purpose of foregoing invention realizes by following method and device.
The load tapchanging method of power transformer dynamic combined pressure regulation winding of the present invention:
The former side's pressure regulation of transformer, its winding is by a main winding and a plurality of with forming around the pressure regulation winding to, series connection, and each pressure regulation winding and two arm electronic power switches and a bridge electronic power switch composition brachium pontis formula pressure regulation unit is characterized in that:
1, determines capacity, the number of pressure regulation winding: the capacity of each pressure regulation winding is not all equated to change into equate that all when the pressure regulation value was M%, the number of the pressure regulation winding of series connection was M-1 to the maximum;
2, determine the pressure regulation method of attachment of pressure regulation winding: the method for attachment that inserts several pressure regulation windings of pressure regulation work is that adjacent pressure regulation windings in series connects.
Aforesaid load tapchanging method is characterized in that: when the pressure regulation state is 3+12N, N is a natural number, and the minimum number of the pressure regulation winding of series connection is 2+4N; Capacity Ratio is: during N=1, the static order of connection that the pressure regulation winding of series connection is represented by measure is 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2; During N=2,1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2; Can exchange end to end.
Aforesaid load tapchanging method is characterized in that: during the current over-zero of pressure regulation side winding, control corresponding electronic power switch break-make.
The load tapchanging device of power transformer dynamic combined pressure regulation winding of the present invention is made of main winding, pressure regulation winding, electronic power switch, checkout equipment, controller, auxiliary circuit breaker and current-limiting resistance; Its winding of pressure regulation by a main winding and a plurality of with around to, the series connection the pressure regulation winding form, each pressure regulation winding and two arm electronic power switches and a bridge electronic power switch are formed brachium pontis formula pressure regulation unit, it is characterized in that: the pressure regulation winding head end of series connection connects an end of main winding through an auxiliary circuit breaker and current-limiting resistance series component, one end of another termination power of main winding, the terminal other end that connects power supply through another auxiliary circuit breaker and current-limiting resistance series component; It is characterized in that:
The capacity of each pressure regulation winding does not equate all that when the pressure regulation state was M%, the number of the pressure regulation winding of series connection was M-1 to the maximum;
Several pressure regulation windings that insert pressure regulation work are that adjacent pressure regulation windings in series connects.
Aforesaid load tapchanging device is characterized in that: when the pressure regulation state is 3+12N, N is a natural number, and the minimum number of the pressure regulation winding of series connection is 2+4N; Capacity Ratio is: during N=1, the static order of connection that the pressure regulation winding of series connection is represented by measure is 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2; During N=2,1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2; Can exchange end to end.
Compare with traditional mechanical tap switch on-load tap-changing transformer and mixed type on-load tap-changing transformer, the invention solves those indeterminable problem of mechanical tap switch (1)~(6) that above-mentioned traditional on-load voltage regulating device is in operation and exists.
Compare with substituted type electronic power switch on-load tap-changing transformer, the present invention has following characteristics:
1. simple in structure, the electronic power switch device is few, volume is little
The voltage regulating transformer of traditional structure, the pressure regulation number of windings is with effectively the pressure regulation status number is corresponding one by one, and the pressure regulation winding can not make up the effective pressure regulation state more than the pressure regulation number of windings.Effectively the pressure regulation state is meant other pressure regulation state except that the rated voltage state.
2. control method is simple, pressure regulation speed is fast, dynamic property good
According to pressure regulation state and the definite electronic power switch state of pressure regulation winding syntagmatic,, realize adjusting to the direct conversion of another state, and need not transfer process from a pressure regulation state by controlling corresponding electronic power switch.
3. fail safe is good, reliability is high
Adopt two groups of auxiliary circuit breakers and current-limiting resistance and main circuit breaker and electronic power switch cooperating, during Transformer Close, close two auxiliary circuit breakers earlier, close main circuit breaker then, treat system stability after, enter normal pressure regulation state and disconnect two auxiliary circuit breakers, thereby, both reduced the Transformer Close magnetizing inrush current, the condition of work of electronic power switch was provided again, and avoided the electronic power switch device to bear voltage above withstand voltage level; During normal pressure regulation, when pressure regulation winding current zero passage, control the break-make of corresponding electronic power switch, realizes that a pressure regulation state adjusts to the conversion of another state, avoided the bigger circulation of pressure regulation process appearance.Pressure regulation winding combination pressure regulation state the winding open circuit situation can not occur.The pressure regulation winding can not appear at the short circuit operating state.
4. high efficiency
The pressure regulation winding need not the transition resistance current limliting.A pressure regulation state need not transfer process when adjusting to another state;
5. reduced the requirement of electronic power switch device withstand voltage
In 15% range of regulation of electric power system regulation, the Capacity Ratio of maximum pressure regulation winding is 5/100, and maximum withstand voltage is no more than 8000V.
Embodiment
Be further introduced below in conjunction with 2 pairs of operation principles of the present invention of accompanying drawing.With 15% range of regulation is example.
In accompanying drawing 2, PT and CT represent the voltage transformer summation current transformer respectively.DL0 and DL1, DL2 represent main circuit breaker and two auxiliary circuit breakers respectively.R1, R2 represent current-limiting resistance respectively.L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and L6 represent 6 pressure regulation windings respectively.K11, K21, K31, K41, K51, K61 and K71 represent 7 arm electronic power switches respectively.K12, K22, K32, K42, K52 and K62 represent 6 bridge electronic power switches respectively.
Brachium pontis formula pressure regulation of the present invention unit can be by pressure regulation winding L 1 and K11, K21 and K12, or is represented with K21, K31 and K22 by pressure regulation winding L 2.
Maximum numbers of pressure regulation winding can be 15-1=14, and the heap(ed) capacity of its pressure regulation winding is 2; Be that present embodiment has adopted minimum number 6, thereby used electronic power switch is minimum under 5 the condition at the heap(ed) capacity of pressure regulation winding.The number of pressure regulation winding can also be 7 to 13 therebetween.
Main winding L0 is the main body of transformer voltage conversion.Its end connects power supply through main circuit breaker DL0, and the other end is through an end of auxilliary circuit breaker DL1 and current-limiting resistance R1 series connection pressure regulation winding L 1.One end of another termination pressure regulation winding L 2 of pressure regulation winding L 1.The link that is connected termination electronic power switch group bridge switch K12 and arm switch K11 of main winding L0 and main circuit breaker DL0, another termination K22 of K12 and the link of K21.
The pressure regulation winding is the pressure regulation part of transformer voltage conversion.In order to take into account the withstand voltage level that reduces the electronic power switch device and to make up the pressure regulation state as much as possible, the pressure regulation winding is divided into 6 sections, be used to make up 16 pressure regulation states.These six sections are equivalent to six with around to, collinear footpath, same material, be in series with independent winding L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 unshakable in one's determination, and the Capacity Ratio L1 of 6 pressure regulation windings: L2: L3: L4: L5: L6 is: 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2.Series sequence is: L1-L2-L3-L4-L5-L6.Each link of pressure regulation winding all connects an end of an arm switch of electronic power switch group respectively.The other end of pressure regulation winding L 6 is through the other end of auxilliary circuit breaker DL2 and current-limiting resistance R2 series connection power supply.The termination auxiliary circuit breaker DL2 of current-limiting resistance R2, the link of another termination power and electronic power switch group bridge switch K62, arm switch K71.
The electronic power switch group is used to make up the pressure regulation winding, the pressure regulation that is consistent with pressure regulation requirement state is provided, it is by 7 arm switch K11, K21, K31, K41, K51, K61, sharp 6 the bridge switch K12 of K71, K22, K32, K42, K52, K62 forms, bridge switch K12, K22, K32, K42, K52, K62 is connected in series, arm switch K11, K21, K31, K41, K51, K61, each switch one end of K71 connects pressure regulation winding L 1 respectively, L2, L3, L4, the link of L5 and L6, the other end meet bridge switch K12 respectively, K22, K32, K42, K52, the link of K62.That is: the link of K11 one termination L1 and R1, the link of another termination K12 and main winding L0, auxiliary circuit breaker DL1; The link of K21 one termination L1 and L2, the link of another termination K12 and K22, the link of K31 one termination L2 and L3, the link of another termination K22 and K32, the link of K41 one termination L3 and L4, the link of another termination K32 and K42, the link of K51 one termination L4 and L5, the link of another termination K42 and K52, the link of K61 one termination L5 and L6, the link of another termination K52 and K62, the link of another termination K71 of K62 and R2, power supply.
Checkout equipment is made up of threephase potential transformer PT and threephase current transformer CT, is used to detect the three-phase system voltage of transformer pressure regulation side and the electric current of three phase voltage regulating winding, and it connects two groups of inputs of controller respectively.
Controller is made up of Regulation Control unit, detecting unit, thyristor trigger element, display unit, communication unit, man-machine interface unit, circuit breaker control unit, is used for the Regulation Control and the operating condition monitoring of on-load tap-changing transformer.It has three groups of inputs, three groups of outputs and two groups of interactive interfaces.The threephase potential transformer PT of one group of input termination checkout equipment, the threephase current transformer CT of one group of input termination checkout equipment, other input signal of one group of input termination.The control end of one group of output termination 13 electronic power switch K11, K21, K31, K41, K51, K61, K71, K12, K22, K32, K42, K52, K62, the control end of three circuit breakers of one group of output termination, one group of output termination display and other control appliance.One group of interactive interface is connected letter, and another group interactive interface is as man-machine interface.
The series connection of auxiliary circuit breaker and current-limiting resistance is used to separate the wiring of pressure regulation winding and main winding and power supply gets in touch, and does not produce circulation in the pressure regulation process.When Transformer Close, reduce its magnetizing inrush current, and the condition of work of electronic power switch K11 and K71 is provided.Auxiliary circuit breaker DL1 and current-limiting resistance R1 series connection back one termination main circuit breaker DL0, another termination pressure regulation winding L 1 and electronic power switch K11.Auxiliary circuit breaker DL2 and current-limiting resistance R2 series connection back one termination pressure regulation winding L 6 and electronic power switch K71, the other end of another termination power and electronic power switch K71, the link of electronic power switch K62.
Its voltage-regulation principle is as follows:
(1) the former side's pressure regulation of transformer: its winding is made up of a main winding and 6 pressure regulation windings, and the Capacity Ratio L1 of pressure regulation winding: L2: L3: L4: L5: L6 is: 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2; Method of attachment: connect in proper order by L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and L6, head end connects an end of this side main winding through an auxiliary circuit breaker and current-limiting resistance series component, one end of another termination power of this side main winding, the terminal other end that connects power supply through another auxiliary circuit breaker and current-limiting resistance series component, each tie point is drawn a connecting line and is connect electronic power switch, is used to make up the pressure regulation state; The total capacity of pressure regulation winding and main winding capacity ratio if there is not specific (special) requirements, then generally get 15/100 respectively according to the requirement design of pressure regulation;
(2) detect three-phase system voltage and three phase voltage regulating winding current: detect the three-phase system voltage of transformer pressure regulation side and the electric current of three phase voltage regulating winding by the voltage transformer summation current transformer;
(3) determine the method for attachment of pressure regulation state and pressure regulation winding: determine the method for attachment of the pressure regulation state and the pressure regulation winding of current pressure regulation winding according to the system voltage value in the step (2), the pressure regulation state has 16, corresponding method of attachment is: 0~no pressure regulation winding connects, 1~L1,2~L2,3~L1L2,4~L3,5~L4,6~L2L3,7~L1L2L3,8~L4L5L6,9~L3L4,10~L3L4L5,11~L2L3L4,12~L2L3L4L5,13~L1L2L3L4L5,14~L2L3L4L5L6,15~L1L2L3L4L5L6;
(4) Transformer Close method: during Transformer Close, close two auxiliary circuit breakers earlier, close main circuit breaker then, closed a floodgate for 3 seconds, promptly treat system stability after, enter normal pressure regulation state, and disconnect two auxiliary circuit breakers, thereby, the Transformer Close magnetizing inrush current both reduced, the condition of work of electronic power switch is provided again, avoids the electronic power switch device to bear voltage above withstand voltage level;
(5) transformer pressure regulation method and control strategy thereof: the some specific pressure regulation state of determining according to step (3) and the method for attachment of pressure regulation winding, in the step (2) during the current over-zero of pressure regulation side winding, control corresponding electronic power switch break-make, the method of attachment that makes the pressure regulation state of pressure regulation winding combination and pressure regulation winding is consistent with the requirement of system's pressure regulation, avoids the bigger circulation of pressure regulation process appearance.The corresponding relation of the increase and decrease percentage of pressure regulation state and the transformer side of paying rated voltage, is then generally got: 0~+ 10% if there is not specific (special) requirements according to the requirement design of pressure regulation, 1~+ 9%, 2~+ 8%, 3~+ 7%, 4~+ 6%, 5~+ 5%, 6~+ 4%, 7~+ 3%, 8~+ 2%, 9~+ 1%, 10~+ 0%, 11~-1%, 12~-2%, 13~-3%, 14~-4%, 15~-5%;
(6) transformer separating brake method: during the transformer separating brake, closeall electronic power switch disconnects main circuit breaker then earlier.
The electric current of voltage transformer pt summation current transformer CT real-time detecting system voltage and pressure regulation winding is sent into controller, and controller is determined current pressure regulation state, that is: the control logic of electronic power switch according to the pressure regulation demand of system.When pressure regulation winding current zero passage, trigger or close corresponding electronic power switch.Corresponding two the conducting arm electronic power switches of each pressure regulation state provide the connection combination of pressure regulation winding, and constitute the current channel of this pressure regulation state with the break-make of corresponding bridge electronic power switch.For example: when the system voltage that detects be lower than rated voltage 6% the time, voltage regulating transformer should raise 6% with the output voltage of the side of paying, at this moment, pairing pressure regulation state is 4~+ 6%, the pressure regulation winding of conducting is L3, the arm electronic power switch of conducting is K31, K41, and the bridge electronic power switch is K12, K22, K42, K52, K62, and other electronic power switch is in off-state.When the system voltage that detects is higher than voltage levvl 5%, voltage regulating transformer should be with the output voltage downward modulation 5% of the side of paying, at this moment, pairing pressure regulation state is 15~-5%, the pressure regulation winding of conducting is L1L2L3L4L5L6, the arm electronic power switch of conducting is K11, K71, and other electronic power switch is in off-state.
In the embodiments of the invention: 110kV/10kV, the 10000kVA voltage regulating transformer, the pressure regulation of 110kV side, pressure regulation progression: 15 grades, the voltage of main winding L0 and six pressure regulation winding L 1L2L3L4L5L6 is respectively: 95.65kV, 0.9565kV, 1.9130kV, 3.8260kV, 4.7825kV, 0.9565kV, 1.9130kV.R1=R2=0.04 Ω/120W, electronic power switch adopts high-pressure high-power thyristor, two antiparallel thyristors of anode and cathode (or turn-off thyristor IGBT, insulated gate bipolar transistor GTO) constitute a bi-directional electric power electronic switch, the requirement of withstand voltage of electronic power switch K32 and K42 is the highest, maximum peak reverse voltage is not less than 8kV, on state current effective value 500A.The on state current effective value of other electronic power switch is identical with K32 and K42, and maximum peak reverse voltage is not less than 6.5kV.Main circuit breaker DLO adopts the SF6 circuit breaker with strong arc extinguishing function, and auxiliary circuit breaker DL1 and DL2 adopt 10kV on-load switch FN2-10.Controller is made up of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system or industrial computer system or programmable controller controls system and relevant electronic circuit and auxiliary equipment etc.
Can to increase pressure regulation winding number with 15% the time be 10 or 14 when range of regulation is big, and Biao Shi best connection is 1: 2: 4 by measure: 5: 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2 or 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2: 4: 5: 1: 2.
Compare with traditional mechanical tap switch on-load tap-changing transformer and mixed type on-load tap-changing transformer, the invention solves those indeterminable problem of mechanical tap switch (1)~(6) that above-mentioned traditional on-load voltage regulating device is in operation and exists.
Compare with substituted type electronic power switch on-load tap-changing transformer, the present invention has following characteristics:
1. simple in structure, the electronic power switch device is few, volume is little
The voltage regulating transformer of traditional structure, the pressure regulation number of windings is with effectively the pressure regulation status number is corresponding one by one, and the pressure regulation winding can not make up the effective pressure regulation state more than the pressure regulation number of windings.Effectively the pressure regulation state is meant other pressure regulation state except that the rated voltage state.Traditional structure voltage regulating transformer with 15 effective pressure regulation states, if directly substitute mechanical tap switch with electronic power switch, then transformer pressure regulation side is every will draw 16 mutually and be wired to the electronic power switch group, the electronic power switch group is made up of 18 electronic power switches, wherein: current limliting when 2 electronic power switches are used for pressure regulation state exchange transient process.And employing the present invention, the every phase of transformer pressure regulation side only need be drawn 7 and is wired to the electronic power switch group, the electronic power switch group is made up of 13 electronic power switches, the pressure regulation state exchange need not transient process, as seen, save lead-out wire 9 * 3=27 root, save electronic power switch and trigger control assembly 5 * 3=15 group.Because lead-out wire and electronic power switch device reduce, so the also corresponding minimizing of the volume of regulator.
2. control method is simple, pressure regulation speed is fast, dynamic property good
According to pressure regulation state and the definite electronic power switch state of pressure regulation winding syntagmatic,, realize adjusting to the direct conversion of another state, and need not transfer process from a pressure regulation state by controlling corresponding electronic power switch.
3. fail safe is good, reliability is high
Adopt two groups of auxiliary circuit breakers and current-limiting resistance and main circuit breaker and electronic power switch cooperating, during Transformer Close, close two auxiliary circuit breakers earlier, close main circuit breaker then, after treating system stability, enter normal pressure regulation state and disconnect two auxiliary circuit breakers, thereby both reduced the Transformer Close magnetizing inrush current, the condition of work of electronic power switch is provided again, has avoided the electronic power switch device to bear voltage above withstand voltage level; During the transformer separating brake, closeall electronic power switch when pressure regulation winding current zero passage disconnects main circuit breaker then earlier, occurs switching overvoltage when avoiding the shear depressor.During normal pressure regulation, when pressure regulation winding current zero passage, control the break-make of corresponding electronic power switch, realizes that a pressure regulation state adjusts to the conversion of another state, avoided the bigger circulation of pressure regulation process appearance.Pressure regulation winding combination pressure regulation state the winding open circuit situation can not occur.The pressure regulation winding can not appear at the short circuit operating state.
4. high efficiency
The pressure regulation winding need not the transition resistance current limliting.A pressure regulation state need not transfer process when adjusting to another state;
5. reduced the requirement of electronic power switch device withstand voltage
In 15% range of regulation of electric power system regulation, the Capacity Ratio of maximum pressure regulation winding is 5/100, and maximum withstand voltage is no more than 8000V.