CN1608766A - Metal mold for press working and press working method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a metal mold for press working and a press working method, wherein a lubricating liquid pool (10) for storing lubricating liquid is formed on the whole or part of the outer peripheral surface (13a) of the overlapped part of a male mold (1) or the inner peripheral surface (24a) of the overlapped part of a female mold (2) when the male mold (1) and the female mold (2) which are mutually embedded and cut the material are overlapped, thereby fully supplying the lubricating liquid to the cut part and eliminating the problem of insufficient lubrication when the material is cut.

Description

Metal mold for press working and press working method

technical field

The present invention relates to a metal mold for press working used in cutting or punching of metal plates, etc., and more particularly to a press working used in the manufacture of fins used in heat exchangers such as coolers A metal mold and a press working method using the metal mold.

Background technique

Conventionally, fins used in heat exchangers such as automobile coolers and room coolers have been manufactured by press working as shown in FIG. 11( a ). This press working is mainly composed of the following steps: a preforming process for making the metal plate to be processed such as aluminum easy to process, punching for removing burrs while punching the preformed metal plate, and deburring (punching) Burring) process, shaping (ironing) process of forming a collar from the protruding portion of the hole periphery processed on the metal plate, and flanging process of bending the front end of the formed collar. By performing such press working on a metal plate such as aluminum, a plate heat sink as shown in FIG. 11(b) can be manufactured.

In such press working, the lubrication of the metal die and the metal plate is very important in order to improve the workability. For example, JP-A-7-112227 (Patent Document 1) and JP-A-61-102323 (Patent Document 2) describe prior art related to lubrication in press working, which will be described below.

Conventionally, hydrocarbon-based lubricating oils are used for lubrication during press working for producing fins for heat exchangers and the like. Hydrocarbon-based lubricating oils are widely used as lubricating fluids that contribute to the protection of the global environment because they do not require cleaning with organic chlorine-based solvents, unlike conventional mineral oil-based lubricating oils.

When using hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil for press processing, in order to improve the manufacturing efficiency of the heat sink, heat the lubricating oil attached to the heat sink after processing to evaporate and dry it, in order to prevent the evaporated hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil from being discharged into the atmosphere Among them, treatment by catalytic combustion is required, and in the case of hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil used in press processing and recovered in a liquid state, prescribed treatment must be performed for industrial waste. From such a situation, when hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil is used, post-processing such as catalyst combustion and disposal as industrial waste is costly. Moreover, there is a high demand for protection of the earth's environment at present, and it is desired to use more environmentally friendly lubricating fluids.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-112227

Patent Document 2: Publication No. 61-102323 of Shikaizhao

In recent years, technological developments have been made to use water or water-based lubricating fluids obtained by dissolving water-soluble lubricants in water instead of hydrocarbon-based lubricating oils in metal processing such as cutting. If water or water-based lubricating fluid can be used for lubrication during press processing, it will be possible to reduce catalyst combustion treatment and disposal of industrial waste, and realize manufacturing that does not damage the natural environment. In addition, by reducing post-processing after the use of lubricating fluid, manufacturing equipment and production lines can be downsized, and costs can be greatly reduced. However, water or water-based lubricating fluids have a problem of poor lubricity compared to hydrocarbon-based lubricating oils.

In the recent manufacture of fins for heat exchangers, etc., in order to improve lubricity, as a processing material for fins, a lubricating film mainly composed of ethylene glycol or the like is applied on the surface of an aluminum plate with a thickness of about 0.1 mm. Aluminum plate with lubricating coating. In the preliminary experiments carried out before the present invention, the following results were obtained: when using this kind of aluminum plate with lubricating film, in the press working process, preforming, deburring, shaping and turning in addition to punching (perforation) Lubrication with water or water-based lubricating fluid does not pose any particular problems in the side process.

However, in the punching process, even if an aluminum plate with a lubricating coating is used, the aluminum portion exposed on the sheared surface directly contacts the die. Therefore, when this process is repeated, problems such as burning of the male mold and the female mold and damage to the metal mold arise due to heat generated by friction or the like (see FIG. 13 ).

Moreover, the lubricating film of the aluminum plate with a lubricating film is made of water-soluble substances such as ethylene glycol, so if a large amount of water or a water-based lubricating fluid containing a large amount of water is used on the plate to be processed, the lubricating film will be washed away and the lubricity will decrease. It has been clarified by preliminary experiments conducted by the present inventors that it affects subsequent steps. Therefore, when punching holes, it is considered to be effective to locally supply the lubricating fluid to the position where the lubricating fluid is required.

As a technique for locally supplying lubricating fluid, the aforementioned Patent Document 1 describes a die apparatus capable of locally supplying press working oil to the tip of a punch used in a shaping process and a part of a material to be press worked. The aforementioned Patent Document 2 describes a piercing punch capable of supplying lubricating oil to a part of the outer periphery of the tip portion of the piercing punch that is in sliding contact with a sheared surface of a workpiece.

Moreover, the punches used in the field of press processing of fins for heat exchangers in the past use hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil passage is provided inside the same as the ejection part (stripping part) introduced in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1. , Lubricating oil can be locally supplied to the outer periphery of the front end of the punch. Figure 12 shows such a previous piercing punch together with the deburring punch forming the die.

As shown in FIG. 12 , in the punch 101, a lubricating oil passage 133 penetrating axially from its base 117 to the front end is provided, and a radial lubricating oil spray opening on the outer peripheral surface 113 of the punch 101 is provided. The hole 135 is provided below the base 117 at a position where it does not interfere with (do not form a fit with) the inner surface of the receiving hole 128 of the deburring punch 102 .

With this structure, lubricating oil is locally supplied onto the front end portion of the punch 101 and the outer peripheral surface 113 . Also, the deburring punch 102 is a former-shaped punch having a receiving hole 128 fitted with the punching punch 101 .

However, such conventional metal molds including lubricating oil passages and injection holes are not suitable for use with water or water-based lubricating fluids. This is because, using such a conventional metal mold, the aluminum plate with a lubricating film is punched while being lubricated by a water-based lubricating fluid, and the front ends of the punching punch 101 and the deburring punch 102 will be damaged due to insufficient lubrication. Internal burns, deburring punch 102 broken.

Actually, when punching an aluminum plate with a lubricated film at a rate of 200 to 210 times per minute using this conventional die, the die was broken after about 92,000 punches. SEM photograph of the state of the previous metal mold. Referring to FIG. 13( a ), the punch 101 and the deburring punch 102 are burned, and the front end of the deburring punch 102 is broken, and its fragments are fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the punch. Fig. 13(b) is an enlarged photograph of the part surrounded by four corners in Fig. 13(a). It is clear from the figure that the front end peripheral portion of the punching punch 101 has a rather rough surface due to friction or the like.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a die for press working and a press working method which can suppress die burn caused by friction even when water or a water-based lubricating fluid is used, and are suitable for practical use.

In order to achieve the above object, in the metal mold for press working according to the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the overlapped part of the above-mentioned male mold or the overlapped part of the female mold that overlap when the male mold and the female mold that are fitted to each other to cut the material All or part of the lubricating liquid pool for at least temporarily storing the lubricating liquid is formed on the peripheral surface, which is the most important structure of the present invention.

With the above configuration, the lubricating liquid can be stored at least temporarily in the lubricating liquid pool provided on the outer peripheral surface of the male die or the inner peripheral face of the female die. If the lubricating liquid is stored in the lubricating liquid pool, the stored lubricating liquid will fully flow through the parts that need lubrication, such as between the male die and the female die and between the male die and the metal plate, and the frictional resistance of these parts will be reduced. Moreover, since all or part of the lubricating liquid pool is formed on the overlapping portion where the male die and the female die overlap, it is possible to efficiently lubricate and heat the frictional heat generating portion, that is, the overlapping portion of both the male die and the female die. cool down.

Furthermore, in the present invention, a concave portion may be provided on at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the male die or the inner peripheral surface of the female die as a lubricating liquid pool.

With this structure, since the area of the sliding contact portion of the male die and the female die is reduced, the frictional area of the metal die is reduced, and generation of frictional heat is suppressed. Especially when at least a part of the lubricating liquid pool is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapped part of the male mold and the female mold, the area of the sliding contact between the metal mold and the metal plate (processed material) is reduced, and the generation of frictional heat can be further suppressed. If the water-based lubricating fluid is used as the lubricating fluid, the metal mold can be effectively cooled due to the high specific heat of the water-based lubricating fluid.

Moreover, the above-mentioned lubricating liquid pool is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the male die with a small diameter portion having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the male die, or on the inner peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the female die with a smaller diameter than the opening end of the female die. The large-diameter portion of the inner diameter of the rim is larger.

By adopting the above-mentioned structure, the above-mentioned small-diameter portion or large-diameter portion can be formed by cutting when manufacturing the metal mold, and a lubricating liquid pool that is easy to process and achieves high lubricity and high cooling effect can be provided on the metal mold.

In addition, a lubricating liquid passage for supplying lubricating liquid to the lubricating liquid pool is provided on the male or female die.

With this structure, the lubricating liquid can be reliably and efficiently supplied to the lubricating liquid pool through the lubricating liquid passage. If the lubricating fluid passage is penetrated inside the male die from the base of the male die and communicates with the lubricating liquid pool formed on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping part of the male die, since the lubricating liquid flows into the lubricating liquid pool through the inside of the male die, It is further possible to reliably and efficiently supply the lubricating liquid to the lubricating liquid pool located on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the male die.

Moreover, the lubricating liquid passage is composed of an axial passage penetrating in the axial direction from the base of the male die and a branch passage communicating with the axial passage and extending in a direction including the radial direction component of the male die. A collision wall that changes the flow direction of the lubricating fluid from the axial direction of the male die to a direction including a radial component is provided at a portion intersecting the branch passage.

According to the above configuration, the lubricating fluid flowing through the axial passage collides with the collision wall and flows into the branch passage. Thereby, the lubricating liquid can be supplied to the lubricating liquid pool located on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the male die more reliably and efficiently.

Also, at least a portion of the periphery of the lubricating fluid pool is chamfered.

By adopting this structure, it is easy to flow out and supply the lubricating liquid from the lubricating liquid pool to the part that is in contact with the metal plate such as aluminum, receives the greatest load, and needs lubrication most, that is, the front end or the opening end of the die. Thereby, the lubricating and cooling performance of the metal mold can be further improved, and the burn of the metal mold can be suppressed.

Also, the distance between the lubricating liquid pool and the front end of the male die or the lubricating liquid pool and the opening edge of the female die is partially reduced.

According to this structure, the lubricating liquid pool is partially close to the most loaded part, that is, the front end or the opening end of the die, and at this portion, the lubricating liquid in the lubricating liquid pool can easily flow to the front end of the male die or the opening end of the female die. On the other hand, the strength necessary for cutting and piercing a metal plate such as aluminum can be ensured at the portion other than the front end of the male die or the opening end of the female die. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently lubricate the front end of the male die or the opening end of the female die while maintaining the strength of the metal die required for processing.

Furthermore, by using water or a water-based lubricant in which a water-soluble lubricant is dissolved in water as the lubricating liquid supplied to the lubricating liquid tank, it is possible to manufacture without damaging the natural environment, and at the same time, it is possible to reduce costs and simplify processing equipment and processing lines , can be miniaturized.

Furthermore, the press working method of the present invention has the following steps: when the thin metal plate is punched a plurality of times continuously using the metal mold for press working, from the fitting state of the male die and the female die to the same state next time, A lubricating liquid pool for at least temporarily storing lubricating liquid is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the male die or the inner peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the female die when the male die and the female die are overlapped in whole or in part, and supplies the lubricating liquid.

In this way, the lubricating fluid can be supplied to the lubricating fluid pool during each punching cycle, and the lubricating fluid can be at least temporarily stored in the lubricating fluid pool during each punching cycle, so that the mutual interaction between the male die and the female die can be improved. Lubrication and cooling efficiencies of overlapping overlapped sections.

In the die for press working of the present invention, by forming a lubricating liquid pool on the male die or the female die, the lubricating liquid can be supplied to the front end of the die requiring sufficient lubrication, thereby enhancing the lubricating effect. Furthermore, by providing the lubricating liquid pool, the area of the friction part of the metal mold can be reduced. Thereby, it is possible to provide a metal mold for press working that can suppress burns caused by friction of the metal mold even when water or a water-based lubricating fluid or the like is used in press working, even when water or a water-based lubricating fluid is used instead of press working oil , is also suitable for practical use.

Furthermore, in the press working method of the present invention, the male die and the female die are fitted together in a state in which the lubricating liquid is stored in the lubricating liquid pool using the above-mentioned metal mold, so that the overlapped portion where the male die and the female die overlap each other is improved. Lubrication and cooling efficiency. Therefore, it is possible to provide a practical press working method capable of suppressing troubles such as burning of a metal mold due to friction even when a water-based lubricating fluid having low lubricity is used.

And because in the metal die for press working of the present invention, even under the situation of using the water-based lubricating liquid with poor lubricity compared with the hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil, it is also suitable for practical use, so when using the existing hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil, The effect of improving the life of the metal mold can be obtained.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a punching and deburring die according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the punching and deburring die shown in Fig. 1 is fitted.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the punching and deburring die shown in Fig. 1 is opened.

4 is an SEM photograph showing the state of the die after punching is performed using the die for punching and deburring according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

5 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a punching and deburring die according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a punching punch according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a view showing an example of a lubricating liquid pool formed on the male die of the press working die of the present invention.

8 is a view showing an example in which a lubricating liquid passage for supplying a lubricating liquid is provided on a knockout plate of a lower die in the die for press working according to the present invention.

9 is a view showing an example in which a lubricating liquid passage for supplying a lubricating liquid is provided on a female insert of an upper die in the die for press working according to the present invention.

10 is a view showing an example in which a lubricating liquid passage for supplying a lubricating liquid is provided in a deburring punch in the die for press working according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a view showing a fin processing step and a plate fin as a product.

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional punching and deburring die.

Fig. 13 is an SEM photograph of the state of the die after punching is performed using the die for punching and deburring shown in Fig. 12 .

In the figure: 1-punching punch (male die), 2-deburring punch (female die), 10-lubricating liquid pool, 13a-outer peripheral surface of coincident part, 15-front end, 17-base, 24a-coincidence 26-front end, 31-lubricating fluid passage, 33-axial passage, 35-branch passage, 37-collision wall, 51-chamfering part.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings. The invention is not limited to this embodiment.

FIG. 1( a ) is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing Embodiment 1 in which the die for press working of the present invention is applied to the die for punching and deburring. In the metal mold shown in FIG. 1 , a punching punch 1 which is a male die for punching a metal plate and a deburring punch 2 which is a female die are used respectively. The punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are respectively made of cemented carbide. The punch 1 constitutes an upper die 5 together with a deburring female die insert 3 arranged around it, and the deburring punch 2 constitutes a lower die 6 together with a stripping plate 4 provided around it.

The punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are perforated by a shearing force on a metal plate disposed between them, and are fitted to each other by inserting the punching punch 1 into the deburring punch 2 after piercing.

A lubricating fluid pool 10 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface 13 of the piercing punch 1 . In the present embodiment, the lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed with a small-diameter portion having an outer diameter smaller than that at the front end portion 15 of the punch 1 . Fig. 1(b) is an enlarged view showing the range of overlapping portions 13a, 24a where the respective outer peripheral surfaces and inner peripheral surfaces overlap when the punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are fitted together, as shown in the figure, the punching The lubricating liquid pool 10 of the punch 1 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 13 a of the overlapping portion of the punch 1 . In this embodiment, the small-diameter portion constituting the lubricating liquid pool 10 is provided at a predetermined length from the front end edge 15 a of the punch 1 . This is to ensure sufficient strength at the front end portion 15 of the punch 1 that receives a relatively large load (load) during punching.

The piercing punch 1 has a lubricating fluid passage 31 connected to the lubricating fluid pool 10 . As shown in the figure, the lubricating liquid passage 31 passes through the punch base 17 inside the punch, and communicates with the lubricating liquid pool 10 formed on the outer peripheral surface 13a of the overlapping portion. The lubricating fluid passage 31 of this embodiment is composed of an axial passage 33 penetrating in the axial direction from the base 17 , and a branch passage 35 communicating with the axial passage 33 and extending radially of the punch 1 .

But it is not limited to this structure, it is also possible to pass through the axial passage 33 on the male die, that is, the punching punch 1, and the branch passage extending from the axial passage 33 along the direction containing the radial component (in the figure (not shown) constitutes the lubricating liquid passage 31 , and the vertical section of the branch passage branches into an inverted Y shape and communicates with the lubricating liquid pool 10 .

In this embodiment, although the lubricating liquid passage 31 is provided inside the male die, that is, the punch 1, if the lubricating liquid can be supplied to the lubricating liquid pool 10, the lubricating liquid passage can also be provided between the male die and the punch 1. on one of the female molds. Moreover, it may be installed inside the metal mold, or may be installed outside. In this embodiment, two branch passages 35 are provided in the radial direction, but an appropriate number of branch passages 35 such as four or six may be provided if the strength of the tip portion 15 can be ensured.

As shown in FIG. 1( a ), a part of the branch passage 35 of this embodiment opens at the small-diameter portion forming the lubricating liquid pool 10 , while the other portion is at a position closer to the front end edge 15 a of the punch 1 than the small-diameter portion. Open on the outer peripheral surface of the punch. Therefore, by using the opening 35a of the branch passage 35 as a part of the lubricant pool 10, as a result, the distance between the opening 35a of the branch passage 35 and the front edge 15a of the punch 1 is partially changed. small shape.

Even if the lubricating liquid pool 10 is provided on the die, the lubricating liquid pool 10 can be formed so that the distance between the lubricating liquid pool 10 and the opening edge 26a of the die is partially reduced.

Furthermore, a collision wall 37 is provided at a portion where the axial passage 33 and the branch passage 35 intersect (the branch portion where the branch passage 35 branches from the axial passage 33 ) inside the punch 1 . Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the collision wall 37 is formed by narrowing the axial passage 33 on the front end side of the punch 1 from the intersection with the branch passage 35, but the axial passage 33 may end at the collision wall 37. Thus, the collision wall 37 is formed.

For reference, referring to FIG. 1(c), an example of the size of the punch 1 for punching is introduced. In this example, the front end diameter d of the piercing punch 1 is 4.8 mm, and the axial length g from the front end edge to the small diameter portion is 2 mm. The axial length of the small-diameter portion constituting the lubricating liquid pool 10 is 3.5 mm, recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion by 0.2 mm (indicated by f in FIG. 1( c), and its diameter (outer diameter) s is 4.4 mm. Therefore, the volume of the lubricating liquid pool 10 at this time is about 10.11 mm ³ . An amount of lubricating fluid corresponding to this volume can be stored in the lubricating fluid pool 10 . For the diameter of the axial passage 33 in the lubricating fluid passage 31, in the range from the base 17 to the collision wall 37, i=2 mm, in the range from the collision wall 37 to the front end of the punch 1, e = 1 mm. The diameter j of the branch passage 35 is 1.5 mm.

The die, ie the deburring punch 2 , is open with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the front end 15 of the punch 1 and has a receiving hole 28 into which the front end of the punch 1 can enter. The inner peripheral surface 24 of the receiving hole 28 has an overlapping portion inner peripheral surface 24 a that overlaps and slides with the overlapping portion outer peripheral surface 13 a of the punching punch 1 when the punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are fitted. Two steps 44 , 45 whose inner diameters increase downward are provided on the portion facing downward from the overlapping portion inner peripheral surface 24 a of the receiving hole 28 . Metal flakes generated when the punch 1 punches a metal plate tend to fall below the deburring punch 2 .

The operation of the die device for punching and deburring shown in Fig. 1 will be described below. In this embodiment, the downward direction in FIG. 1 is the insertion direction of the punch, and the upward direction is the extraction direction of the punch.

After metal plates such as an aluminum plate with a lubricating film forming the heat sink material are arranged on the stripping plate 4, the upper mold 5 descends. The front end edge 15a of the piercing punch 1 contacts the metal plate, and then the die insert 3 and the stripper plate 4 clamp the metal plate. The punch 1 is further lowered, and when the front end portion 15 of the punch 1 fits into the receiving hole 28 of the deburring punch 2, the metal plate is cut by the shearing force and the metal plate is punched.

After piercing, while the punching punch 1 is rising, the deburring punch 2 is also rising. Through this rise, the hole periphery of the perforated metal plate is pushed from bottom to top onto the extruding portion 42 provided on the front end 26 of the deburring punch 2, and the extruding portion 42 and the female mold insert ring 3 The deburring receiving unit 46 performs a deburring operation. Then, the upper die 5 rises, the deburring punch 2 descends, and the punched and deburred metal plate is removed from the deburring punch 2 by the stripping plate 4, and the punching and deburring processes are completed.

The function of the lubricating liquid pool 10 at the time of punching will be described below using FIGS. 2 and 3 . FIG. 2 shows a state where the punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are fitted in the die for press working shown in FIG. 1 , and FIG. 3 shows a state where the punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are separated. The lubricating liquid is supplied to the die for press working from a tank (not shown) through pipes by a pressure supply device such as a gear pump (not shown). The lubricating fluid supplied flows downward from the base 17 of the punch 1 through the axial passage 33 , but part of it is redirected to the branch passage 35 communicating with the lubricating fluid pool 10 by the impact wall 37 . The lubricating fluid is preferably fed into the lubricating fluid pool 10 as free of gas as possible within the fluid. This is because if the lubricating liquid is supplied into the lubricating liquid pool 10 without gas, the cooling performance becomes higher than when the lubricating liquid is supplied in a mist form, for example.

When the die is separated as shown in FIG. 3 , the lubricating liquid supplied into the lubricating liquid pool 10 flows downward to the outer peripheral surface 13 a of the overlapping portion of the punch 1 to lubricate the front end portion 15 .

When fitting, the inner peripheral surface 24a of the overlapping portion of the deburring punch 2 is in contact with the lubricating liquid stored in the lubricating liquid pool 10, and the lubricating liquid is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2. The overlapping portion flows between the inner peripheral surfaces 24a to lubricate the overlapping portion of the punch 1 and the overlapping portion of the deburring punch 2 respectively.

If the lubricating liquid is supplied into the metal mold at a high pressure at the same time as the piercing time, the chips generated when cutting the metal plate will be sent from the overlapped part of the punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 by the lubricating liquid that is pressure-fed. wash away. Thereby, it is possible to prevent chips from adhering to the metal mold, and preventing them from entering between the punch 1 which is the male die and the deburring punch 2 which is the female die and causing burns.

As described above, the branch passage 35 of this embodiment opens at a position closer to the front end edge 15 a of the punch 1 than the small diameter portion constituting the lubricating liquid pool 10 . That is, the lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed such that the distance between the opening 35a of the branch passage 35 and the front end edge 15a of the punch 1 is partially reduced. Therefore, in the opening portion 35a, the lubricating liquid flows more easily toward the front end edge 15a than toward the portion composed of the small-diameter portion of the lubricating liquid pool 10 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the end (upper end of the small diameter portion) of the small diameter portion constituting the lubricating liquid pool 10 away from the front end 15 a of the punch 1 is set at a lower distance than the front end 26 a of the deburring punch 2 when the metal mold is fitted. Formed slightly above, the lubricating liquid flowing out from the branch passage 35 not only flows from the lubricating liquid pool 10 to the front end edge 15a of the punch 1, but also passes through the inner peripheral surface of the overlapping part of the lubricating liquid pool 10 and the deburring punch 2. 24a, flows out from the front end portion (upper edge) 26a of the deburring punch 2 to the outside of the deburring punch 2. Thus, the inner and outer surfaces of the front end of the deburring punch are lubricated and cooled at the same time. At this time, when water or a water-based lubricating fluid containing a large amount of water is used as the lubricating fluid, since the specific heat of the lubricating fluid is larger than that of a grease-based lubricating fluid, a higher cooling effect can be obtained.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the upper end of the small-diameter portion constituting the lubricating liquid pool 10 is not in contact with the metal plate to be processed, because contacting the metal plate may cause unwanted harmful metal powder.

And as shown in Figure 2, the front end 15 of the punching punch 1 is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface 24a of the overlapping portion of the deburring punch 2, but since the lubricating liquid pool 10 is recessed relative to the outer peripheral surface, it does not contact the inner peripheral surface of the overlapping portion. The peripheral surfaces 24a are in contact. That is, the mutual friction area between the male mold and the female mold is reduced, which can reduce unnecessary friction. Thus, generation of frictional heat is suppressed.

Using the metal mold for press processing and the water-based lubricating fluid of Embodiment 1, about 100,000 times of punching were performed at a speed of 200 to 210 strokes (strokes) per minute. The front end of the die was found to be worn. Compared with the case of using hydrocarbon-based press working oil, the wear of such a metal mold is small. SEM photographs taken of the state of the metal mold after 100,000 strokes are shown in Figs. 4(a) and 4(b). At this time, FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) correspond to FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b), respectively. Compared with the same SEM photograph of the conventional metal mold in Fig. 13, it can be seen that the lubricity is greatly improved.

Furthermore, the supply of the lubricating liquid from the tank to the die for press working may be performed continuously or intermittently. When the lubricating fluid is supplied intermittently, by using a rotating cam, an encoder, etc., the supply of the lubricating fluid can be controlled in unison with the movement of the rotary shaft of the press. For example, when the top dead center of the upper mold is 0 degrees, it can be controlled to supply lubricating liquid to the metal mold (lubricating liquid pool) every time it passes through the rotation position of 175 degrees to 185 degrees including the bottom dead center (180 degrees).

(Embodiment 2)

An embodiment of the present invention that is different from the above-described embodiment is described below with reference to FIG. 5 . Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing Embodiment 2 in which the die for punching and deburring of the present invention is applied to the die device for punching and deburring.

The difference between this metal mold for press working and the metal mold for press working in Embodiment 1 is that no lubricating liquid pool is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapped portion of the punching punch, and a lubricating liquid pool is formed on the inner periphery of the overlapping portion of the deburring punch. A pool of lubricating liquid is formed on the surface, therefore, the same elements in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 are denoted by the same symbols, and their detailed descriptions are omitted.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed on the inner peripheral surface 24 of the deburring punch 2 . The lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed by providing a large-diameter portion having an inner diameter larger than that of the front end edge 26a of the deburring punch 2 on the overlapping portion inner peripheral surface 24a of the deburring punch 2 .

On the other hand, the punch 1 shown in FIG. 5 has the same outer diameter as the front edge 15 a from the lower edge of the base 17 to the front edge 15 a of the punch 1 . Inside the piercing punch 1 , a lubricating fluid passage 31 composed of an axial passage 33 and a branch passage 35 is formed. At the intersection of the axial passage 33 and the branch passage 35, a collision wall 37 that changes a part of the flow of the lubricating fluid to the radial direction is provided.

The lubricating liquid collides with the collision wall 37 through the axial passage 33 in the punch 1 , and flows out from the opening 35 a of the branch passage 35 in the outer peripheral surface 13 of the punch. Therefore, when the piercing punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are fitted, the lubricating liquid flowing out from the branch passage 35 is supplied to the lubricating liquid pool 10 of the deburring punch 2 and temporarily stored in the lubricating liquid pool 10 . At this time, if the surface of the lubricating liquid pool 10 is rougher than the other surface portions of the deburring punch 2, the lubricating liquid is well retained due to the surface tension of the lubricating liquid. When the punch 1 enters and exits the receiving hole 28 of the above-mentioned deburring punch 2, the lubricating fluid flowing out from the opening 35a hits the overlapping portion outer peripheral surface 13a of the punching punch 1 and the overlapping portion inner peripheral surface 24a of the deburring punch 2. Lubricate. Therefore, also in the die for press working according to Embodiment 2, it is possible to sufficiently lubricate the parts of the die and the workpiece that require lubrication.

The inner peripheral surface 24a of the overlapping portion of the deburring punch 2 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface 13a of the overlapping portion of the punch 1, but since the lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed by a large diameter portion, as shown in FIG. The overlapping portion outer peripheral surface 13a of the head 1 is in contact. Therefore, the area of the friction part of the metal mold is reduced, and unnecessary friction can be suppressed.

(Embodiment 3)

Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 6 . 6 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the front end of the punching punch in which the lower edge of the small-diameter portion forming the lubricating liquid pool is chamfered in the press working die similar to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The only difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this piercing punch, the lower edge of the small-diameter portion forming the lubricating liquid pool 10 is chamfered. Accordingly, the same components in FIGS. 1 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their detailed descriptions are omitted.

Referring to FIG. 6 , at the lower edge of the small-diameter portion of the lubricating liquid pool 10 constituting the punch 1 , a chamfered portion 51 having an arc-shaped cross section is provided. Therefore, the lubricating liquid supplied to the lubricating liquid pool 10 through the lubricating liquid passage 31 easily flows downward through the chamfered portion 51 , and lubricates the tip portion 15 easily. If the chamfered portion 51 is provided, the contact portion with the inner peripheral surface of the deburring punch is reduced, and the punching punch 1 can be prevented from being stuck when the punching punch 1 is pulled out from the deburring punch 2 .

Furthermore, in Embodiment 3, the chamfered portion 51 is formed in a cross-sectional arc shape, but may also be formed in a tapered shape. Furthermore, the chamfered portion 51 may be provided not only on the lower edge of the lubricating liquid pool but also on the entire periphery of the lubricating liquid pool or only on a part of the periphery of the lubricating liquid pool.

(Embodiment 4)

Hereinafter, FIG. 7 shows various shapes of the lubricating liquid pool provided on the male die, that is, the piercing punch. The lubricating liquid pool provided on the male die is any one of taper, recess, step and groove on at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping part of the male die or a combination of these shapes. Therefore, as the shape of the lubricating liquid pool, it can be adapted to the degree of lubrication required by the metal mold, the strength of the metal mold or the design of the stamping device, etc., and the tapered part, concave part, Steps and grooves or a combination thereof. Moreover, these tapered parts, recesses, steps and grooves, etc. can be arranged on at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping part of the male mold, and can also be arranged on the entire outer peripheral surface of the overlapping part of the male mold.

FIG. 7( a ) shows an example in which the lubricating liquid pool 10 is provided by using the tip portion 15 of the punch 1 as a tapered portion. FIG. 7( b ) shows an example in which several elliptical recesses are provided as lubricating liquid pools 10 on the outer peripheral surface of the punch 1 . Furthermore, as the concave portion constituting the lubricating liquid pool 10, an opening portion of the branch passage may be used. FIG. 7( c ) shows an example in which a lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed by providing a step at a portion of the punch 1 at a predetermined distance from the front end edge 15 a. FIG. 7( d ) shows an example in which a lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed on the punch 1 by several transverse grooves or spiral grooves arranged in a direction horizontal to its front edge. 7( e ) shows an example in which a lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed by providing a plurality of vertical grooves extending axially upward from a portion at a predetermined distance from the tip of the punch 1 . In this example, the lubricating liquid may be supplied to the upper portion of the vertical groove, and the lubricating liquid may be supplied from the upper portion to the lower portion of the vertical groove through the vertical groove. Moreover, although an example in which lubricating liquid pools 10 having various shapes are formed on the male die, that is, the punch 1 is shown in FIG. 7 , such lubricating liquid pools of various shapes may be provided on the female die. on the inner peripheral surface of the overlapping portion.

Moreover, in FIG. 7, although it is not described that the lubricating fluid passage 31 is provided on the punch 1, it is the same as the previous embodiment, and the lubricating fluid passage can be provided on the punch 1 or the deburring punch 2. superior.

If the lubricating liquid pool 10 can be formed in various shapes in this way, the male or female mold can be selected according to the degree of lubrication required by the metal mold for press processing, the strength of the metal mold, or the design of the punching device. Adapt to the shape of the lubricating pool.

(Embodiment 5)

Hereinafter, examples of press working dies provided with various forms of lubricating fluid passages for supplying lubricating fluid are shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 .

Referring to FIG. 8 , a lubricating fluid channel 62 constituting a spray path capable of jetting lubricating fluid to the lubricating fluid pool 10 of the punch 1 is provided inside the stripping plate 4 . The lubricating fluid passage 62 extends obliquely downward toward the base of the stripping plate 4 from above the surface 64 of the stripping plate 4 facing the deburring punch 2 .

In the die for press working shown in FIG. 8 , the lubricating liquid sprayed from the lubricating liquid passage 62 at an appropriate timing lubricates the front end portion 15 of the punch 1 and is temporarily stored in the lubricating liquid pool 10 . Sufficiently secure lubricating fluid necessary for press processing.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a die for press working in which a lubricating liquid passage 61 is provided in the female die insert 3 . According to FIG. 9 , the lubricating fluid channel 61 extends obliquely from the base of the female die insert 3 to the deburring receiver 46 , opening on the deburring receiver 46 . The lubricating liquid ejected from the lubricating liquid passage 61 scatters on the lubricating liquid pool 10 and the tip 15 of the punch 1 or the tip of the deburring punch 2 to lubricate them. Furthermore, the lubricating liquid stays in the lubricating liquid pool 10, thereby ensuring the lubricating liquid necessary for press working.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a die for press working in which a lubricating liquid passage 72 is provided inside the deburring punch 2 which is a female die. In FIG. 10 , the lubricating liquid pool 10 is provided on the female die, and the lubricating liquid passage 72 extends from the base of the deburring punch 2 to communicate with the lubricating liquid pool 10 . Thereby, the lubricating liquid can be directly supplied to the lubricating liquid pool 10 .

When the lubricating liquid passage 72 is arranged on the female die, that is, the deburring punch 2, and the lubricating liquid pool 10 is arranged on the male die, that is, the punching punch 1, the lubricating liquid passage 72 extends toward the inner peripheral surface 24a of the overlapping portion and An opening is formed on the overlapping portion inner peripheral surface 24a.

Thereby, while sufficiently lubricating the inner peripheral surface of the deburring punch, the lubricating liquid is supplied into the lubricating liquid pool 10 of the punching punch 1 when the punching punch 1 and the deburring punch 2 are mated. Furthermore, the lubricating liquid may be sprayed from the lubricating liquid passage 72 to be supplied to the lubricating liquid pool 10 of the punch 1 . By spraying the lubricating liquid, the lubricating liquid is supplied and stored in the lubricating liquid pool 10 , and at the same time, the lubricating liquid can be supplied to the front end of the punch 1 .

In the examples of Figures 8 and 9, a lubricating liquid pool 10 is formed on the male die, that is, the punch 1, but it is also possible to form a lubricating liquid pool on the female die to form a lubricating liquid passage as shown in Figures 8 and 9 . Moreover, in the example of FIGS. 8-10, although the lubricating liquid passage is not provided on the male die, that is, the punch 1, it is also possible to use the lubricating liquid passage shown in FIGS. It is the lubricating fluid passage provided on the punching punch 1 . Moreover, the punch 1 in FIGS. 8 to 10 may be constituted by various punches 1 shown in FIG. 7 .

Although not shown in Embodiments 1 to 5 above, the lubricating liquid supply device that supplies the lubricating liquid to the lubricating liquid pool through the lubricating liquid passage includes, for example, a pressure feeding device such as a gear pump. Such lubricating fluid supply means may suitably be provided on components inside or around the press.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, although it was only introduced that metal molds such as punching punches are made of cemented carbide, as such cemented carbide, hard carbide particles containing tungsten carbide (WC) or titanium carbide (TiC) can be used. , A substance that uses an iron group metal such as cobalt (Co) or nickel (Ni) as a binder phase metal.

Furthermore, as the water-soluble lubricant described in the above description, an organophosphorus compound or an organocarboxylic acid metal salt can be used.

Furthermore, in the water-based lubricating liquid, it is preferable to contain a metal inert agent for suppressing the dissolution of the binder phase metal of the cemented carbide used in the metal mold in the lubricating liquid. This is because it can suppress corrosion caused by leaching of the binder phase metal of the cemented carbide.

The metal mold for press working and the press working method of the present invention are suitable for punching and cutting the material to be processed by the shearing force of the male die and the female die.

Claims (11)

1. A metal mold for press processing, which has a male mold and a female mold that fit together, and the material is cut by the above-mentioned male mold and the female mold, and it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned mold that overlaps when the above-mentioned male mold and the female mold are fitted All or a part of a lubricating liquid pool for at least temporarily storing lubricating liquid is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the male die or the inner peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the female die. 2. The metal mold for press working according to claim 1, wherein as the lubricating liquid pool, at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the male die or the inner peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the female die is provided with a concave portion . 3. The metal mold for press processing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating liquid pool is provided with an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the male die on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping portion of the male die. The small diameter part is formed. 4. The die for press working according to claim 1, wherein a lubricating liquid passage for supplying lubricating liquid to said lubricating liquid pool is provided on said male die or said female die. 5. The metal die for press working according to claim 4, wherein the lubricating fluid passage is penetrated inside the male die from the base of the male die, and is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapping part of the male die. The above-mentioned lubricating liquid pools are connected. 6. The metal mold for press processing according to claim 4, wherein the lubricating fluid passage is composed of an axial passage penetrating in the axial direction from the base of the male die, and a passage that communicates with the axial passage and includes The above-mentioned male mold is composed of a branch passage extending in a direction including the radial direction component, and at the branch part where the above-mentioned branch passage is branched from the above-mentioned axial passage, a flow direction of the lubricating liquid is provided to include the radial direction component from the axial direction of the above-mentioned male mold. A collision wall that changes direction within. 7. The metal mold for press processing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating liquid pool is provided with an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the opening edge of the female die by setting the inner peripheral surface of the overlapped part of the above-mentioned female die. The large diameter part is formed. 8. The die for press working according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the periphery of the lubricating liquid pool is chamfered. 9. The metal mold for press processing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating liquid pool is equal to the distance between the lubricating liquid pool and the front end of the male die or the distance between the lubricating liquid pool and the opening edge of the female die. Formed in such a way that the parts become smaller. 10. The die for press working according to claim 1, wherein water or a water-based lubricating liquid in which a water-soluble lubricant is dissolved in water is supplied to the lubricating liquid pool as the lubricating liquid. 11. A press working method for cutting a material using the metal mold for press working according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes the following steps: from the state where the male mold and the female mold are fitted to the next time During the same state, the lubricating fluid is at least temporarily stored on the outer peripheral surface of the overlapped portion of the male die or the inner peripheral surface of the overlapped portion of the female die formed in whole or in part on the overlapping portion of the male die and the female die when they are fitted together. The liquid pool supplies the aforementioned lubricating liquid.

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