CN1604982A - an infrastructure - Google Patents

Abstract

A foundation structure of a building, comprising: a thermally and moisture insulating support layer (17, 18, 40), preferably made of foam glass, which is supported on a planar horizontal surface (51) of the ground layer (50); the basic structure further comprises a metal foil (111) covering the horizontal areas of the basic structure in order to prevent moisture and odours, such as jusmin odours, from diffusing upwards through the thermally and moisture-insulating support layers (17, 18, 40).

Description

an infrastructure

technical field

The invention relates to a building infrastructure of the kind defined in the preamble of claim 1 .

In particular, the invention relates to a foundation structure supported on the ground. The ground is generally drained and a broken layer of capillary material such as crushed stone is spread over a planar horizontal upper surface of the ground and said material has a particle size of 2 to 4 mm.

Background technique

It is well known that we have gained a lot of experience in the course of long-term foundation engineering work, and that during the use of foundations supported on the ground, moisture may migrate through the foundation structure into buildings built on these foundations. And, the smell may also penetrate the foundation. It has been found that the smell of the land itself, especially the "jusmin" smell, can penetrate these existing infrastructures.

In addition to being impermeable to these odors/smells, there was a need to be able to build up the base structure quickly and cheaply, and the impermeability of the structure also met some requirements for it to be well bonded into the base structure.

Contents of the invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a basic structure which is substantially odor/odor impermeable and which can be easily manufactured to the required dimensions from lightweight components.

Foils that are impermeable to jusmin odor and capable of maintaining integrity over a long period of time (eg, about one hundred to several hundred years) in the environment in which they are installed may be installed on a support surface, which may be a horizontal layer above the worksite. The foils are frequently exposed to subsurface vapors and ambient moisture, which are often acidic or contain corrosive substances. Therefore, it is better to choose a metal foil material that can resist this environment for a long time and is impermeable to jusmin smell.

When a metal foil, such as aluminum foil, is placed substantially directly on a horizontal layer of earth so that the metal foil is in direct contact with the particulate material in said layer, the foil preferably has a greater thickness, for example a thickness of about 0.1 to 1mm in order to ensure that the foil will not be penetrated when the building loads the foil through the foundation components and brings the foil into intimate contact with the horizontal layer. Metal foils of this thickness can be manufactured or conveyed in rolls of material and can be unrolled from the rolls and laid on the construction site at the site of the infrastructure. The foil should also have good tear strength to reduce the chances of damage to the foil during lay-up. For some reason, if the width of the foil is smaller than the width of the base structure, multiple foils of different lengths can be placed side by side next to each other and form a seam between them, for example an overlapping seam, so as to ensure that Odors/smells cannot see through this foil layout. The overlapping foils have a width suitable for this purpose and may comprise a strip or a layer of glue, tape or some easily deformable foil, preferably comprising an elastic It has a great width in the width direction, so that it is impermeable to odors and smells over a wide area in the direction of the air leakage. It is normally sufficient to provide an overlapping seam between adjacent aluminum foil strips, since such a seam is usually under pressure along its entire length. Of course, this horizontal surface should be covered with plastic foil before the metal foil is laid, for example to prevent sand/gravel from entering the overlapping joints between adjacent strips of aluminum foil. In one embodiment of the invention, the aluminum foil can be laminated with a plastic foil if desired, for example for handling reasons, but thicker, odor-impermeable foils are preferred in the present invention. It is preferably aluminum foil, and this aluminum foil can maintain its integrity for a long time in the environment (usually a corrosive environment) in which it is placed. Most plastic foils will generally lose their integrity in this environment over the same period of time.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is of course possible to place an anti-odour foil, for example an aluminum foil, between two layers of insulating material which in turn are included in the basic structure, in which case In this case, the aluminum foil can be thinner because the insulating material forms a smooth, uniform support surface on which the foil can be spread out.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved. The invention is further defined by the appended independent claims, and other embodiments of the invention may be defined by the dependent claims.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a ground is first provided by draining the water, and then a layer of capillary-action breaking material, such as gravel with a particle size of 2 to 4 mm, is laid on the ground, followed by , to flatten the layer to obtain a planar, horizontal surface.

One or more prefabricated sheets of standard size, such as rectangular sheets, made of porous insulating material (such as foamglas® with a thickness of 50 mm) are laid closely on the first layer on the crushed stone . Optionally, another layer of such veneers may be placed next to the first layer of veneers, with the seams between adjacent veneers on the second layer offset by a certain distance from the seams on the first layer.

When joining these sheets together, try to achieve a liquid-tight connection. The porous insulating material is preferably foamglas(R), or has minimal absolute water absorption or water absorption, has high pressure resistance and insect resistance, and is capable of effective insulation and diffusion resistance.

These insulating layers are generally surrounded by a frame, which may consist of a plurality of U-shaped beams made of sheet metal, with the concave side of each beam facing the interior of the foundation part. The area inside the frame is filled with high pressure insulating material, for example two laminates made of porous insulating material (foamglas(R) 2 x 100 mm). The frame of the base part can be stabilized by means of a U-shaped beam parallel to the frame to which an I-beam made of sheet metal is mounted. The sheet metal beams of the base part are mechanically connected together so that the base part remains stable. The base part can have a thickness of, for example, 200 mm. The use of U-beams and I-beams in the foundation components means that porous insulating sheets can be bonded to the beam in a certain shape by inserting those sheet parts adjacent to the beam into the recessed parts of the beam . In addition, the upper horizontal flanges of these beams will provide anchorage points for the walls of buildings built on these foundation structures. Such a building may be a prefabricated box structure, which is usually manufactured in a factory some distance from the base structure. Alternatively, the foundation components may be mounted separately to the foundation structure, and loose timber elements or a frame house then fitted to the foundation components and anchored to the sheet metal flanges.

Since we have found that in the case of sealing against less odor permeable foils, such as plastic foils, odors and odors can still actually detour through these foils, it is best to use a Sealing layer made of metal alloy or metal.

We realized that even with a thickness as small as 0.01 mm, aluminum foil can still provide the required airtightness, of course thicker aluminum foil will provide higher reliability, and it is also beneficial to the construction of infrastructure, because the above-mentioned aluminum foil Can be shipped in rolls that can be unrolled and flattened before being laid on the base structure.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the vertical sectional view of basic structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of an overlapping seam between two foil strips made of air-impermeable material;

Figure 3 shows a variant of the structure shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the structure shown in Fig. 1;

Figures 5, 6 and 7 are respective views of individual frame components within a frame structure which may be installed into a base structure;

Figure 8 shows an embodiment of a sheet pre-fitted with a sealing foil.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, it can be seen that at the location of the foundation structure, there is a drained soil layer 50, which may consist of or be covered by a capillary interlayer, the capillary interlayer most Preferably it is a layer of gravel, and the upper surface 51 of the barrier 50 is substantially planar and positioned horizontally.

Mounted on the surface 51 is an aluminum foil or sheet metal 111 having a preferred thickness of at least 0.1 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 mm. Disposed on the aluminum foil 111 is a layer of insulating material, preferably foamglas. Multiple sheets of Foamglas are joined together and mounted on top of the aluminum foil 111 . These sheets 40 are mounted using a frame 31 which surrounds the sheets 40 joined together.

When the foil 111 is formed into strips and the width of these strips is smaller than the width of the base structure, an overlapping seam 112 can be used to hold the foil strips in place. A sealing layer, such as a long-lasting adhesive, can be applied over the entire width of the seam, thereby reducing the possibility of odor diffusion through the joined foils 111 in the vertical direction. Alternatively, such sealing seams can also be provided by means of welded seams, tapes or other corresponding techniques.

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment, in this embodiment, a layer of insulating material, for example a plurality of sheets 10 interconnected and made of foamglas, is laid on the surface 51 of the capillary barrier, and then An aluminum foil is laid on the layer 17 before the base layer consisting of the sheet 40 and the frame 31 is placed on the foil 111 .

Figure 4 shows a variant in which a further layer 18 is formed by a plurality of sheets 10 joined together at the edges, and before the frame with the sheets 40 is mounted on the layer 18, the This layer 18 is mounted on the foil 111 .

The frame 31 surrounds the base layer of sheets 40 to keep the base structure together on a horizontal plane, said frame also providing multiple anchor points for buildings that need to be supported on the base structure. According to this embodiment of the invention, the exposed portion of the edge of the sheet 40 may be made in a concave configuration to accommodate the legs of the substantially U-shaped frame member 32 (FIG. 5). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , the frame member 32 is substantially the same height as the sheet 40 , but the top and bottom surfaces of the sheet are slightly recessed to allow it to accommodate the legs of the frame member 32 . Figure 6 shows that an I-beam can be mounted in a joint between adjacent sheets 40 provided with a plurality of grooves in the area of the joint which accommodate the flanges of the I-beam , so that the height of the I-beam is the same as the height of the sheet 40. In this case, however, the free distance of the frame parts between said flanges is preferably equal to the thickness of the sheet supported by the insulating material. The flanges on the frame parts may only have a small thickness, for example 1 mm, and these flanges may be located above the main surface of the sheet metal. Under normal circumstances, such a positional relationship will not cause problems.

The frame 31 is generally rectangular and includes a plurality of rectilinear U-shaped sheet metal sections, and rivets, screw joints, glue joints or corresponding joints between the overlapping legs of the sheet metal sections can be used in the corner areas of the frame. Fasteners connect the profiles together ( FIG. 7 ), and the sheet metal profiles have the same width and a small material thickness, for example about 1 mm.

It can be seen from FIG. 6 that tie rods 43 can extend between the parts of the frame 31 so as to be able to fix these frame parts in a horizontal plane.

It should be understood that the frame 31 and the insulating sheet 40 connected to the frame 31 can form an integral part of a prefabricated box unit, so that by installing this prefabricated box unit on the base structure and supplementing the installed The construction of the base structure is completed by pre-installing all the basic components in place of the base structure, so that these prefabricated box units are connected together to form the main body of the building on the base structure.

Of course, the base structure can also be built in the manner shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, wherein the skeleton of the building can be built according to loose timber technology or block technology and fixed to the frame structure.

By modification of the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, it is possible to include a further frame which sandwiches all other insulation layers and possible intermediate layers or outer foil/sheet metal 111 together.

One of the insulating layers ( 17 , 18 ) can consist of preferably rectangular insulating elements 10 which are joined together along their edges. One major surface of each element 10 may be covered with a metal foil 11, preferably aluminum foil. This metal foil 11 provided on an element 10 can be sealed together with overlapping seams, for example by superimposing strips 12 of said metal foil on the foil sides of mutually adjacent elements along the respective seams. Seal them together. Alternatively, the foil covering each element 10 may also be provided with an edge portion 12 projecting outwards from two adjacent edges and overlapping with the sheet covering the edge of said adjacent element. place.

Both layers 17, 18 are produced by joining together prefabricated sheets 10 provided with foil covering layers 11. The two sheets 10 are positioned in a conventional manner so that their foil stacks 11 are in contact with each other, so that the insulating sheets 10 of the layers 17, 18 are separated by two interface layers of foil material. The laminate or cover layer 11 on the sheet 10 has the same composition as the foil 111 described above.

The seams between the sheets 10 in the individual layers 17, 18 are preferably offset from one another.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of foundation structure of building, it comprises a heat insulation and moisture barrier (17,18,40), this layer is bearing on the plane horizontal plane (51), it is characterized in that: the zone of this foundation structure is coated with a paillon foil of being made by metal material (111).

2, according to the foundation structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described paillon foil (111) is arranged on the below of described layer (17,18,40).

3, according to the foundation structure of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described paillon foil (11) directly is bearing on the described surface (51); Described surface has capillary interlayer by one and constitutes, and this interlayer preferably is made up of rubble.

4, according to the foundation structure of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described paillon foil is that thickness is at least about 0.1 millimeter, preferably is about 0.5 millimeter aluminium foil less than 1 millimeter, optimum thickness,

5, according to the foundation structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described layer (17,18,40) comprises at least two layers of being made by heat-barrier material (17,18); Tinsel (111) is clipped between two vertically adjacent isolation layers.

6, according to the foundation structure of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described paillon foil (111) is at least 0.01 millimeter, and its thickness is preferably 1 millimeter at the most.

7, according to the foundation structure of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: a framework (31) surrounds described layer in top section at least.

8, according to the foundation structure of one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the parts of described framework (31) are integrated in each prefabricated building box unit with heat insulation and parts moisture barrier, and when being installed to these building box unit on the foundation structure together, can on described foundation structure, form a building skeleton.

9, according to the foundation structure of claim 5, it is characterized in that: each described layer (17,18) all can be made by being linked together by the thin plate (10) that heat-barrier material is made; A first type surface of each thin plate (10) is covered by a foil members (11), and described foil members (11) has constituted above-mentioned first paillon foil (111) together; Described layer (17,18) is bearing in described foil members (11) on its relative both sides; A band (12) of being made, preferably being made by aluminium foil by described foil material is sealably coupled to paillon foil covering layer or lamination (11) on the adjacent sheet (10) that is positioned at least one layer (17,18); Seam relativity shift between the thin plate (10) in each layer (17,18).

10, according to the foundation structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described band (12) is formed by the marginal portion (12) of the paillon foil that is covered by thin plate, these marginal portions extend to outside the marginal portion of each thin plate (10) along two neighboring edges of each thin plate (10), thereby make the tectal overhanging marginal portions of described paillon foil (12) be stacked on the neighboring edge part of paillon foil covering layer (11) of adjacent sheet.

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