CN1699827A - Method and incinerator for treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid and/or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for dealing dinitrogen tetroxide or asymmetrical dimethyl hydraxine discard solution which comprises: purging the incinerator hearth with air, controlling the general excess air coefficient of the air between 2.4-2.9, injecting fuel oil and firing to increase the temperature of the hearth; when the temperature of the flue gas in the incinerator gets 580-600 degree, injecting dinitrogen tetroxide or asymmetrical dimethyl hydraxine discard solution to fired with fuel oil, exhausting the end gas via the chimney to the air.

Description

Method and incinerator for treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid and/or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid

technical field

The invention belongs to a method and an incinerator for treating unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid and/or dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid with different concentrations by a liquid fuel oil combustion method.

Background technique

With the continuous progress and development of society, human beings are also aware of the importance of protecting the natural environment. At present, my country has attached great importance to environmental protection, and environmental protection engineering projects have become an extremely important research topic.

At present, the three well-known pollutants are: NOx, SO ₂ and hydrocarbon compounds, but there are also some harmful substances that are not known to people and have small emissions, such as hydrazine compounds. The rocket liquid propellant used is unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine, and the oxidant is dinitrogen tetroxide. Both liquids are toxic and corrosive, and some waste liquid and gas will be generated during use, which will be directly discharged into the atmosphere and cause harm to humans, animals and plants. And the whole nature will cause serious harm, and even cause the depletion or death of pollutants. On the other hand, due to its oxidative and flammable and explosive properties, when the concentration accumulates to a certain level, there is a hidden danger of explosion at any time. Therefore, Researchers have researched and developed various treatment methods, such as catalytic combustion method. The catalytic combustion method is to directly carry out catalytic oxidation reaction between the waste liquid to be treated and the oxidant on the catalyst bed. Since catalytic combustion is an exothermic reaction, the reaction is violent. The released heat is concentrated and difficult to take out, making it difficult to control the temperature. Once the temperature rises, the life of the catalyst will be shortened and deactivated. Regular replacement of the catalyst will increase the operating cost. Due to the unstable concentration of the waste liquid, the catalytic combustion is very difficult to control. In addition, strict requirements are placed on the material of the reactor, which increases the cost of waste liquid treatment as a whole.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and an incinerator for treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquids of different concentrations and/or treating unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquids of different concentrations, which are easy to operate, low in cost, and do not form secondary pollution.

Reaction mechanism of the present invention is as follows:

Kerosene combustion provides a high-temperature environment. When treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid, oxygen deficiency is provided to provide a reducing medium, and nitrogen dioxide is reduced; when treating unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid, there is a slight excess of oxygen to completely oxidize unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine. The secondary air rapidly burns the remaining organic matter completely, and at the same time lowers the furnace temperature, so that the nitrogen that has been reacted to form a new ecology is not oxidized again, and the tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.

The reaction formula for treating unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid:

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Reaction formula for treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

The object of the present invention is achieved in that with kerosene as fuel, the fuel oil enters the incinerator through the nozzle to ignite, and feeds a certain amount of air, and the stove begins to heat up. When the temperature of the flue gas in the furnace reaches the specified requirements, nitrogen tetroxide waste liquid or unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine waste liquid is introduced to burn together with kerosene to generate nitrogen, water and carbon dioxide to eliminate pollution and achieve the purpose of waste liquid treatment.

The method for treating waste liquid of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1) Purge the furnace of the incinerator with air, so that the primary air excess coefficient is controlled at 0.95-1.05. After the secondary air is introduced, the total air excess coefficient is controlled at 2.4-2.9, and then the fuel oil is injected and ignited, and the furnace begins to heat up ;

(2) When the flue gas temperature of the incinerator reaches 580-600°C, waste dinitrogen tetroxide or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is introduced to burn together with fuel oil; when treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid, the primary air The coefficient is 0.71-0.85, the total air coefficient is controlled at 2.5-2.9, and the flue gas temperature is kept between 600 and 650°C, so that the incompletely burned fuel oil and nitrogen tetroxide can be completely burned under the action of secondary air. Finally, the tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney through the flue; when treating unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid, the primary air coefficient is 1.05-1.5, the total air coefficient is controlled at 2.3-2.6, and the temperature of the flue gas is kept between 600-650 °C , so that the incompletely burned fuel oil and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine are completely combusted under the action of the secondary air, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney through the flue.

The fuel oil mentioned above may be aviation kerosene, common kerosene and light diesel oil.

The concentration of dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid as mentioned above is 20wt%～100wt%

The concentration of the above-mentioned unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is 20wt%～100wt%

In order to complete the above treatment methods, we have designed a special incinerator, which includes a heat-resistant steel furnace body, a burner, a jacket, and a chimney; The burner is fixed at the front end of the furnace body; the fuel oil nozzle and the waste liquid nozzle are integrated into the interior of the burner, the primary air inlet is located in the middle of the burner, the gas distribution plate is located at the front end of the nozzle in the burner, and the upper end of the furnace body is equipped with The temperature measuring port and the outside of the furnace body are equipped with a thermal insulation jacket, the secondary air inlet is installed at the front end of the jacket, the chimney is located at the tail of the furnace body, and the detection hole and the fire observation hole are respectively set on the upper and lower parts of the chimney.

The furnace body as described above can be fixed on a mobile vehicle.

The equipment can handle dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid with different concentrations and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid with different concentrations, and the tail gas discharge is qualified without secondary pollution.

This incinerator has the following characteristics:

1 The overall structure is compact, small in size, light in weight and easy to move.

2 The process is simple, easy to operate, safe and reliable, economical and applicable, and has a wide source of fuel.

3 One furnace can process two kinds of waste liquids with different physical properties and different concentrations at the same time or separately.

4 On the premise that the fuel oil continuously provides heat, the waste liquid to be treated can be supplied continuously or intermittently, and the treatment capacity can also be changed in time.

5 The burner is multi-purpose, not only has the function of an igniter, but also has the function of a burner.

6 No secondary pollution, the NO ₂ content in the tail gas after treatment is less than 700ppm, and the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine content is less than 1ppm.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of incinerator of the present invention

As shown in the figure, 1 is the burner, 2 is the fuel oil nozzle, 3 is the waste liquid nozzle, 4 is the primary air inlet, 5 is the gas distribution plate, 6 is the secondary air inlet, 7 is the jacket, 8 is the furnace body, 9 foot temperature measuring ports, 10 is a detection hole, 11 is a chimney, 12 is a fire viewing hole, and 13 is a vehicle.

The burner 1 is installed at the front end of the furnace body, the fuel oil nozzle 2 and the waste liquid nozzle 3 are integrated into the interior of the burner 1, the primary air inlet 4 is located in the middle section of the burner 1, and the gas distribution plate 5 is located in the nozzle of the burner 1 The front end of the furnace body 8 is provided with a temperature measuring port 9 at the upper end of the rear part of the furnace body 8, and an insulation jacket 7 is provided outside the furnace body 8. The secondary air inlet 6 is installed at the front end of the jacket 7, and the chimney 11 is located at the rear part of the furnace body 8. The detection hole 10 and the fire observation hole 12 are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part on the chimney 11.

In order to be suitable for handling at any time in different places, we fix the furnace body 8 on the vehicle 13, which is equipped with a steering gear, which is flexible and light, and can be pulled by a car or pushed by a person.

Embodiment 1: processing thing is example with dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid 100Wt%, fuel oil is with kerosene:

During the processing operation, the air enters the furnace from the primary air inlet 4 and the secondary air inlet 6, the primary air coefficient is 0.96, the total air coefficient is controlled at 2.5, the ignition button is activated, ignition, fuel injection, air distribution, and combustion are automatically carried out. The furnace starts to heat up. When the temperature of the temperature measuring port 9 of the furnace body reaches 580°C, the nitrogen tetroxide waste liquid enters the furnace and burns together with the fuel under the action of the air. At this time, the primary air coefficient is adjusted to 0.72, and the total air coefficient is 2.5. Keep the temperature in the furnace between 600 and 650°C. After combustion, the exhaust gas is discharged through the chimney 11. Sampling analysis shows that the nitrogen dioxide content in the exhaust gas is 680ppm. The total hydrocarbons and 3,4-benzopyrene meet the national emission standards.

Example 2:

Other conditions are the same as embodiment 1, it is 80% dinitrogen tetroxide that the waste liquid is changed into concentration, during processing operation, primary air coefficient is 0.97, and total air coefficient is controlled at 2.6, starts igniter button, strikes a fire, injects oil, The air distribution and combustion are carried out automatically, and the furnace starts to heat up. When the temperature of the temperature measuring port 9 of the furnace body reaches 580°C, the dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid enters the furnace and burns together with the fuel under the action of the air. At this time, adjust the air coefficient once It is 0.74, and the total air coefficient is 2.7, so that the temperature in the furnace is kept between 600 and 650°C. After sampling and analysis, the nitrogen dioxide content in the tail gas is 650ppm, which meets the national emission standards.

Example 3:

Other conditions are the same as embodiment 1, it is 20% dinitrogen tetroxide that the treatment waste liquid is changed into concentration, and fuel oil is changed into aviation kerosene, during processing operation, primary air coefficient is 0.98, and total air coefficient is controlled at 2.9, and starts the igniter button , ignition, fuel injection, air distribution, and combustion are carried out automatically, and the furnace starts to heat up. When the temperature of the temperature measuring port 9 of the furnace body reaches 600 ° C, the waste liquid of dinitrogen tetroxide enters the furnace and burns together with the fuel under the action of air. At this time, adjust the primary air coefficient to 0.80, the total air coefficient to 2.9, and keep the temperature of the temperature measuring port of the furnace between 600-650°C. Sampling analysis shows that the nitrogen dioxide content in the exhaust gas is 630ppm, which meets the national emission standards.

Example 4:

The fuel oil was changed to light diesel oil, and other conditions were the same as in Example 3. Sampling and analysis showed that the nitrogen dioxide content in the tail gas was 650ppm, which met the emission standards stipulated by the state.

Example 5:

Other conditions are the same as embodiment 1, it is 100% unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine that the processing waste liquid is changed into concentration, during processing operation, primary air coefficient is 0.96, and total air coefficient is controlled at 2.65, starts the igniter button, strikes a fire, injects oil, Air distribution and combustion are carried out automatically, and the furnace starts to heat up. When the temperature of the temperature measuring port 9 of the furnace body reaches 590°C, the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is sprayed into the furnace and burns together with the fuel under the action of the air. At this time, the primary air coefficient Adjusted to 1.07, the total air coefficient adjusted to 2.47, the temperature of the temperature measuring port of the furnace body was kept between 600-650°C, and the exhaust gas sampling and analysis showed that the content of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine was 0.6ppm, which met the national emission standards.

Embodiment 6:

Other conditions are the same as embodiment 1, change the treatment waste liquid into concentration and be 80% unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, during processing operation, primary air coefficient is 0.97, and total air coefficient is controlled at 2.7, starts the igniter button, ignites, injects oil , air distribution, and combustion are carried out automatically, and the furnace starts to heat up. When the temperature of the temperature measuring port 9 of the furnace body reaches 600°C, the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is sprayed into the furnace and burns together with the fuel under the action of the air. At this time, the primary air The coefficient is adjusted to 1.07, the total air coefficient is adjusted to 2.33, the furnace flue gas temperature is maintained between 600-650 °C, sampling analysis shows that the content of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is 0.55ppm, and the tail gas meets the national emission standards.

Embodiment 7:

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, changing the treatment waste liquid into unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine with a concentration of 50%. During the treatment operation, the primary air coefficient is 0.975, and the total air coefficient is controlled at 2.85. Start the igniter button, fire, fuel injection , air distribution, and combustion are carried out automatically, and the furnace starts to heat up. When the temperature of the temperature measuring port 9 of the furnace body reaches 595°C, the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is sprayed into the furnace and burns together with the fuel under the action of the air. At this time, the primary air The coefficient is adjusted to 1.45, the total air coefficient is adjusted to 2.38, the furnace flue gas temperature is maintained between 600-650°C, sampling analysis shows that the content of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is 0.52ppm, and the tail gas meets the national emission standards.

Embodiment 8:

Other conditions are the same as embodiment 1, just change the treatment waste liquid into the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine of 20% concentration, during the treatment operation, the primary air coefficient is 0.98, and the total air coefficient is controlled at 2.9, start the igniter button, ignite, spray Oil, air distribution, and combustion are carried out automatically, and the furnace starts to heat up. When the temperature of the temperature measuring port 9 of the furnace body reaches 600°C, the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is sprayed into the furnace and burns together with the fuel under the action of the air. At this time, once The air coefficient is adjusted to 1.25, the total air coefficient is adjusted to 2.49, the furnace flue gas temperature is maintained between 600-650 ° C, sampling analysis shows that the content of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is 0.5 ppm, and the tail gas meets the national emission standards.

Embodiment 9: change fuel oil to aviation kerosene, other conditions are the same as embodiment 8, sampling analysis, unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine content 0.5ppm, tail gas meets the emission standard stipulated by the state.

Embodiment 10: Change the fuel oil to light diesel oil, and other conditions are the same as in Embodiment 8. Sampling analysis shows that the content of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is 0.5 ppm, and the tail gas meets the emission standards stipulated by the state.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of method for processing dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: (1) Purge the furnace of the incinerator with air, so that the primary air excess coefficient is controlled at 0.95-1.05. After the secondary air is introduced, the total air excess coefficient is controlled at 2.4-2.9, and then the fuel oil is injected and ignited, and the furnace begins to heat up ; (2) When the flue gas temperature of the incinerator reaches 580-600°C, waste dinitrogen tetroxide or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is introduced to burn together with fuel oil; when treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid, the primary air The coefficient is 0.71-0.85, the total air coefficient is controlled at 2.5-2.9, and the flue gas temperature is kept between 600 and 650°C, so that the incompletely burned fuel oil and nitrogen tetroxide can be completely burned under the action of secondary air. Finally, the tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney through the flue; when treating unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid, the primary air coefficient is 1.05-1.5, the total air coefficient is controlled at 2.3-2.6, and the temperature of the flue gas is kept between 600-650 °C , so that the incompletely burned fuel oil and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine are completely combusted under the action of the secondary air, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney through the flue. 2. A method for treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said fuel oil is aviation kerosene, common kerosene or light diesel oil. 3. A method for treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of said dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid is 20wt%-100wt%. 4. A method for treating dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of said unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid is 20wt%-100wt%. 5. The incinerator used for a method for processing dinitrogen tetroxide waste liquid or unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste liquid as described in any one of claims 1-4 comprises a burner (1), and a fuel oil nozzle (2) , waste liquid nozzle (3), primary air inlet (4), gas distribution plate (5), secondary air inlet (6), jacket (7), furnace body (8), temperature measuring port (9), detection Hole (10), chimney (11), fire viewing hole (12); it is characterized in that the burner (1) is fixed on the front end of the furnace body; the fuel oil nozzle (2) and the waste liquid nozzle (3) are integrated into the burner Inside (1), the primary air inlet (4) is located in the middle of the burner (1), and the gas distribution plate (5) is located at the front end of the nozzle in the burner (1); the upper end of the furnace body (8) is provided with a temperature measuring port (9); the outside of the body of furnace (8) is provided with a jacket (7), and the secondary air inlet (6) is installed at the front end of the jacket (7); the chimney (11) is located at the tail of the body of furnace (8), and the detection hole (10) and viewing hole (12) are respectively located at the top and the bottom on the chimney (11). 6. The incinerator according to claim 5 is characterized in that it also includes a vehicle (13), the incinerator is fixed on the vehicle (13), and the vehicle (13) is provided with a steering gear.

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