CN1689799A - Low heat loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth - Google Patents
Low heat loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth Download PDFInfo
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- CN1689799A CN1689799A CN 200410037450 CN200410037450A CN1689799A CN 1689799 A CN1689799 A CN 1689799A CN 200410037450 CN200410037450 CN 200410037450 CN 200410037450 A CN200410037450 A CN 200410037450A CN 1689799 A CN1689799 A CN 1689799A
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical group [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002365 multiple layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于农业用覆盖材料,特别是一种低热损复层气室塑料布。The invention belongs to agricultural covering materials, in particular to a plastic cloth with multiple layers of air chambers with low heat loss.
背景技术Background technique
随着科技进步,以往只在特定季节盛产的作物现在于四季都可以栽种收成,主要是归功于大量使用在农业温室、隧道棚及园艺工作中的覆盖保温材料提供了适宜生长环境条件,使得过去无法栽培的农作物可以提早或延迟产期,进而增加产量并提高品质,目前市面上常见的覆盖材料主要可分为玻璃、塑胶两大类。With the advancement of science and technology, crops that were only abundant in a specific season in the past can now be planted and harvested in all seasons, mainly due to the extensive use of covering insulation materials in agricultural greenhouses, tunnel sheds and horticultural work to provide suitable growth conditions. The crops that cannot be cultivated can advance or delay the production date, thereby increasing the yield and improving the quality. At present, the common covering materials on the market can be mainly divided into two categories: glass and plastic.
如图1所示,用于覆盖温室框架(图未示)上的保温玻璃板1多半是双层间隔设置,且在玻璃板1间的空间填充空气,也可以是成本较为昂贵的真空处理。由于玻璃板1本身即具有阻绝热能对流而能达到部分保温效果,加上玻璃板1间存有热传导效率低的空气,甚至以真空处理,都能够断绝热能以传导的方式由玻璃板1的一侧传递至另一侧。As shown in Figure 1, the
另有相关从业人员选择在温室中加装空调设备,以确保温室内部气温的稳定度。然而其较未臻理想之处无非在于空气与玻璃板的隔绝效果仍未十分完全,加上玻璃板的重量过重,必须依赖结构强度极高的框架承载,同时搬运、架设都存有极高的困难度与挑战性,且玻璃板1的成本高,若温室占地面积过大,则总体建造成本将十分惊人,另外若使用空调设备长期运转所需的支出,对于业者来说无疑是一项沉重的负担。Other relevant practitioners choose to install air-conditioning equipment in the greenhouse to ensure the stability of the temperature inside the greenhouse. However, it is less than ideal because the insulation effect between the air and the glass plate is not yet complete. In addition, the weight of the glass plate is too heavy, so it must rely on a frame with extremely high structural strength to carry it. The difficulty and challenge, and the cost of the
有鉴于此,目前相关业者逐渐转向使用塑胶制品制成的覆盖材料,常见塑胶制品又可分成聚乙烯(PE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)等材质,其最大的特点是质地轻薄、透光性良好且又防水。但正由于实际使用上多半是采取单层铺设的方式,常因为单层的塑胶覆盖材料过于轻薄,而无法有效阻绝夜间热能向外逸散的缺失,因而丧失绝热保温的功能。In view of this, the relevant industry is gradually turning to cover materials made of plastic products. Common plastic products can be divided into polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other materials. The biggest feature is light and thin texture and light transmission. Good and waterproof. However, due to the fact that most of them are laid in a single layer in actual use, the single layer of plastic covering material is often too light and thin to effectively prevent the loss of heat energy escaping outside at night, thus losing the function of heat insulation.
此外,习知塑胶制覆盖材料在使用12至18个月后通常会产生脆化现象,一般业者多半选择在覆盖材料产生脆化现象之前,便先行更换新的塑胶覆盖材料,在此同时却造成了废弃物数量大增,且每更换一次所耗费的采购与铺设成本更是不可避免的支出,故目前有相当多的农科专家正投入相关领域中,希望能够制造出最具实用性,且符合成本效益的商业化产品。In addition, it is known that plastic covering materials usually become brittle after being used for 12 to 18 months. Generally, the industry usually chooses to replace the new plastic covering materials before the covering materials become brittle. At the same time, it causes In addition to the large increase in the amount of waste, and the purchase and laying costs for each replacement are unavoidable, there are currently quite a few agricultural experts who are investing in related fields, hoping to create the most practical, and Cost-effective commercial product.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种可有效降低热能耗损、成本低、使用寿命长的低热损复层气室塑料布。The object of the present invention is to provide a low-heat loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth that can effectively reduce heat energy consumption, has low cost and long service life.
本发明包括至少三层彼此间隔排列的第一基膜及分别设置于任两相邻第一基膜之间的第二基膜;第二基膜于相邻的两层第一基膜之间界定出数个第一气室,数个第一气室彼此不相连通且分别填充惰性气体;另一第二基膜于界定出第一气室的相邻两层第一基膜中之一与另一第一基膜之间界定出数个第二气室,数个第二气室彼此不相连通且分别填充温室效应气体;位于同一平面上的第一气室共同界定出至少一层热阻断层,位于同一平面上的第二气室共同界定出至少一层热效应层。The present invention comprises at least three first base films arranged at intervals and a second base film respectively arranged between any two adjacent first base films; the second base film is between two adjacent first base films Several first air chambers are defined, and the several first air chambers are not communicated with each other and are respectively filled with inert gas; another second base film is placed on one of the two adjacent first base films that define the first air chamber Several second air chambers are defined between the other first base film, and the several second air chambers are not communicated with each other and are respectively filled with greenhouse effect gases; the first air chambers located on the same plane jointly define at least one layer The thermal blocking layer and the second air chamber located on the same plane jointly define at least one thermal effect layer.
其中:in:
位于最外层中之一的第一基膜外侧设置低辐射膜。A low-emissivity film is arranged outside the first base film located in one of the outermost layers.
填充于第一气室的惰性气体为氩气或氪气。The inert gas filled in the first gas chamber is argon or krypton.
填充于第二气室的温室效应气体为臭氧。The greenhouse gas filled in the second chamber is ozone.
位于同一平面上的第一气室共同界定出数层分别位于热效应层的相反两侧的热阻断层。The first air chambers on the same plane jointly define several layers of thermal blocking layers respectively located on opposite sides of the thermal effect layer.
热效应层为分别位于数层热阻断层之间的数层热效应层。The heat effect layer is several layers of heat effect layers respectively located between several layers of heat blocking layers.
位于同一平面上的第二气室共同界定出数层分别位于热阻断层的相反两侧的热效应层。The second air chambers on the same plane jointly define several layers of thermal effect layers respectively located on opposite sides of the thermal blocking layer.
热阻断层为分别位于数层热效应层之间的数层热阻断层。The heat blocking layer is several layers of heat blocking layers respectively located between several layers of heat effect layers.
位于同一平面上的第一气室共同界定出数层热阻断层与位于同一平面上的第二气室共同界定出数层热效应层呈彼此交错排列。The first air chambers located on the same plane jointly define several layers of heat blocking layers, and the second air chambers located on the same plane jointly define several layers of thermal effect layers, which are arranged in a staggered manner.
两层分别位于最外层第一基膜外侧设有强化膜。The two layers are respectively located on the outside of the outermost first base film and provided with a reinforcement film.
低辐射膜外侧设有反射膜。A reflective film is arranged on the outside of the low-emissivity film.
每一第一、二气室的横截面皆呈蜂巢状,且其中任一第一气室与位于上方的三个相邻第二气室形成局部重叠,任一第二气室与位于下方的相邻三个第一气室形成局部重叠。Each of the first and second air chambers has a honeycomb-shaped cross-section, and any one of the first air chambers partially overlaps with three adjacent second air chambers located above, and any second air chamber overlaps with the three adjacent second air chambers located below. Three adjacent first air chambers form a partial overlap.
位于最外层中之一第一基膜的外侧设有糙面膜。A matte film is provided on the outside of the first base film which is one of the outermost layers.
第一、二基膜为表层不含氯及溴的多层共挤复合薄膜。The first and second base films are multi-layer co-extruded composite films that do not contain chlorine and bromine on the surface.
多层共挤复合薄膜选自于乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体、聚偏二氯乙烯、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚合物及氧化矽中至少两者层叠共挤而成。The multi-layer co-extruded composite film is formed by laminating and co-extruding at least two of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and silicon oxide.
由于本发明包括至少三层彼此间隔排列的第一基膜及分别设置于任两相邻第一基膜之间的第二基膜;第二基膜于相邻的两层第一基膜之间界定出数个第一气室,数个第一气室彼此不相连通且分别填充惰性气体;另一第二基膜于界定出第一气室的相邻两层第一基膜中之一与另一第一基膜之间界定出数个第二气室,数个第二气室彼此不相连通且分别填充温室效应气体;位于同一平面上的第一气室共同界定出至少一层热阻断层,位于同一平面上的第二气室共同界定出至少一层热效应层。本发明适用于覆盖温室框架上,其上方是外界环境,而下方则是被低热损复层气室塑料布所环绕隔离出的空间。白天时,阳光自外界环境照射通过本发明,以加热空间中的所有物体及空气,使得空间中的温度升高。当夜晚时,外界环境温度在缺乏阳光照射的情况下迅速降低。根据热力学第二定律,热的传递方向是由温度较高处往温度较低处流动,即由空间往外界环境传递,因此,空间中所蓄积的热能与种植在空间中的作物所发散出的热能,便不断地自空间通过本发明往外界环境发散。然而,当空间中的热能向外发散的过程中,首先进入热阻断层,并与惰性气体接触,由于惰性气体是自然界中热传导效率最低的气体,如此一来,热阻断层中的惰性气体并不容易作为传递热能的媒介,仅有极少部分的热能可以继续往外发散。纵使微量热能借由惰性气体顺利地往外界散出而进入热效应层,热效应层中的温室效应气体仍可吸收热能并进而辐射回空间中,故最后能够顺利通过热效应层而发散到外界环境的热能是微乎其微,以达到最低热能耗损目的;且第一、二气室中气体分子无法产生热对流现象,并维持在稳定的静风状态,因此空间中的温度遂不至于因外界环境温度下降而随之快速降低。不仅可有效降低热能耗损,而且成本低、使用寿命长,从而达到本发明的目的。Because the present invention comprises the first base film that at least three layers are arranged at intervals and the second base film that is respectively arranged between any two adjacent first base films; Several first air chambers are defined between them, and the several first air chambers are not communicated with each other and are respectively filled with inert gas; another second base film is between two adjacent layers of first base films that define the first air chambers Several second air chambers are defined between one and the other first base film, and the several second air chambers are not communicated with each other and are respectively filled with greenhouse effect gases; the first air chambers located on the same plane jointly define at least one The thermal blocking layer and the second air chamber located on the same plane jointly define at least one thermal effect layer. The invention is suitable for covering the greenhouse frame, the upper part is the external environment, and the lower part is the space surrounded and isolated by the low-heat-loss multiple-layer air chamber plastic cloth. During the daytime, sunlight irradiates from the external environment and passes through the invention to heat all objects and air in the space, so that the temperature in the space rises. At night, the ambient temperature drops rapidly in the absence of sunlight. According to the second law of thermodynamics, the direction of heat transfer is from a place with a higher temperature to a place with a lower temperature, that is, from the space to the external environment. The heat energy is continuously emitted from the space to the external environment through the present invention. However, when the thermal energy in the space radiates outward, it first enters the thermal blocking layer and contacts the inert gas. Since the inert gas is the gas with the lowest heat conduction efficiency in nature, the inertness in the thermal blocking layer Gas is not easy to use as a medium for transferring heat energy, and only a very small part of heat energy can continue to dissipate. Even if a small amount of heat energy is smoothly emitted to the outside by the inert gas and enters the thermal effect layer, the greenhouse effect gas in the thermal effect layer can still absorb heat energy and then radiate back into the space, so the heat energy that can finally pass through the thermal effect layer and radiate to the external environment In order to achieve the purpose of the lowest heat energy consumption; and the gas molecules in the first and second air chambers cannot produce thermal convection, and maintain a stable static wind state, so the temperature in the space will not decrease due to the drop of the external environment temperature. the rapid decrease. Not only can the heat energy consumption be effectively reduced, but also the cost is low and the service life is long, so as to achieve the purpose of the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1、习知的用于覆盖温室框架上的玻璃板结构示意剖视图。Fig. 1, the schematic cross-sectional view of the known glass plate structure used to cover the greenhouse frame.
图2、为本发明实施例一结构示意剖视图。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of
图3、为本发明实施例一结构示意俯视图。Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of
图4、为本发明实施例二结构示意剖视图。Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
图5、为本发明实施例三结构示意剖视图。Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the third embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例一Embodiment one
如图2、图3所示,本发明低热损复层气室塑料布2包含三层上下相间隔的第一基膜21、21′、21″、两层分别弯折设置于两相邻第一基膜21、21′及21′、21′之间′的第二基膜22、22′及位于两层最外层中之一的第一基膜21外侧的低辐射膜23。As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the low heat loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth 2 of the present invention comprises three layers of first base films 21, 21', 21" spaced up and down, and the two layers are respectively bent and arranged on two adjacent second base films. A base film 21 , 21 ′ and a second base film 22 , 22 ′ between 21 ′, 21 ′ and a low-emissivity film 23 outside the first base film 21 of one of the two outermost layers.
第一、二基膜21、21′、21″、22、22′分别为表层不含氯及溴的多层共挤复合薄膜,多层共挤复合薄膜选自于乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体(EVA)、聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚合物(EVOH)及氧化矽中至少两者层叠共挤而成。在本实施例中多层共挤复合薄膜是由乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体、聚偏二氯乙烯及乙烯-乙烯醇共聚合物三者层叠共挤而成,其中聚偏二氯乙烯应位于中间而并不位于最外层。The first and second base films 21, 21', 21", 22, 22' are respectively multi-layer co-extrusion composite films that do not contain chlorine and bromine on the surface layer, and the multi-layer co-extrusion composite films are selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ( At least two of EVA), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) and silicon oxide are laminated and co-extruded. In this embodiment, the multi-layer co-extruded composite film is made of ethylene- Vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer are layered and co-extruded, and polyvinylidene chloride should be located in the middle rather than the outermost layer.
第二基膜22在相邻的第一基膜21、21′间界定出数个第一气室24,数个第一气室24彼此不相连通且分别填充惰性气体,在本实施例中惰性气体为氩气,亦可为氪气。界定出第一气室24的中之一的第一基膜21′与相邻的另第一基膜21″间由另一第二基膜22′界定出数个第二气室25,数个第二气室25彼此不相连通且分别填充温室效应气体,在本实施例中温室效应气体为臭氧。The second base film 22 defines several
位于同一平面上的第一气室24共同界定出热阻断层26,而位于同一平面上的第二气室25共同界定出热效应层27。热阻断层26较该热效应层27更为相对邻近低辐射膜23,且在本实施例中低辐射膜23是由纳米级钛酸钾晶须(K2Ti6O12)制成,当然其他具有相同效果的材质也是可以被允许使用。The
如图3所示,每一第一气室24与每一第二气室25的横截面皆呈蜂巢状,且其中任一第一气室24与位于上方的三个相邻第二气室25形成局部重叠,任一第二气室25与位于下方的相邻三个第一气室24形成局部重叠。As shown in FIG. 3 , the cross-sections of each
如图2所示,本发明低热损复层气室塑料布2适用于覆盖温室框架(图中未示出)上,低热损复层气室塑料布2的上方是外界环境3,而下方则是被低热损复层气室塑料布2所环绕隔离出的空间4。白天时,阳光自外界环境3照射通过低热损复层气室塑料布2(如图中左侧假想线箭头所示),以加热空间4中的所有物体,当然也包括了空气,使得空间4中的温度升高。As shown in Figure 2, the low-heat-damage multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth 2 of the present invention is suitable for covering on the greenhouse frame (not shown in the figure), the top of the low-heat-loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth 2 is the
当夜晚时,外界环境3温度在缺乏阳光照射的情况下迅速降低。At night, the temperature of the
根据热力学第二定律,热的传递方向是由温度较高处往温度较低处流动,其中,以对流传递者占10-15%,以传导传递者占30-50%,以辐射传递者则是占有50-60%左右,因此,超过半数以上的热能倾向是利用辐射方式由空间4往外界环境3传递(如图中右侧假想线箭头所指)。According to the second law of thermodynamics, the direction of heat transfer is from higher temperature to lower temperature, of which 10-15% is transferred by convection, 30-50% by conduction, and 30-50% by radiation. It accounts for about 50-60%. Therefore, more than half of the thermal energy tends to be transmitted from the
基于‘黑体辐射’原理,也就是任何温度高于绝对温度者都会以辐射的方式发散能量,因此,空间4中所蓄积的热能与种植在空间4中的作物所发散出的热能,也称为红外线,便不断地自空间4通过低热损复层气室塑料布2往外界环境3发散。Based on the principle of 'black body radiation', that is, any object whose temperature is higher than the absolute temperature will emit energy in the form of radiation. Therefore, the heat energy accumulated in the
然而,当空间4中的热能向外发散的过程中,首先便会遭遇到低辐射膜23,将空间4中的温度预设在0-60℃之间,根据威恩定律Wien′s Law[波长(μm)=2897/(n℃+273.15)]加以换算,此段波长约落在8.7-10.6μm区间,低辐射膜23恰好对于此区间波长的红外线有极为优异的反射效果,可将大部分的热能反射回空间4中,一部分未被辐射膜23反射回空间4的热能便进入热阻断层26。However, when the thermal energy in the
当热能进入热阻断层26会与惰性气体接触,由于惰性气体是自然界中热传导效率最低的气体,氩的热传导系数约为4.9×10-5cal/(cm2·sec·℃),是空气的0.08倍,当然,氪气也是很好的选择,其热传导系数约为2.6×10-5cal/(cm2·sec·℃),是空气的0.04倍,但氪气受限于目前尚未平价量产,故仍以氩气为较佳选择。如此一来,热阻断层26中的惰性气体并不容易作为传递热能的媒介,仅有极少部分的热能可以继续往外发散。When heat energy enters the thermal blocking layer 26, it will come into contact with the inert gas. Since the inert gas is the gas with the lowest heat transfer efficiency in nature, the thermal conductivity of argon is about 4.9×10 -5 cal/(cm 2 ·sec·℃), which is the same as that of air Of course, krypton gas is also a good choice, its thermal conductivity is about 2.6×10 -5 cal/(cm 2 ·sec·℃), which is 0.04 times that of air, but krypton gas is limited by the current price. For mass production, argon is still the best choice. In this way, the inert gas in the thermal blocking layer 26 is not easy to be used as a medium for transferring heat energy, and only a very small part of heat energy can continue to dissipate.
纵使微量热能借由惰性气体顺利地往外界散出而进入热效应层27,热效应层27中的温室效应气体仍可吸收热能并进而辐射回空间4中。在本实施例中选择臭氧作为温室效应气体的主要原因在于:臭氧对于红外区段有特别强烈的吸收现象,特别是以9.6μm为中心的区段,故借用臭氧对于辐射热能的拦截作用,并蓄存辐射热能再加以辐射回空间4中,达到实际的温室效应。Even if a small amount of heat energy is smoothly emitted to the outside by the inert gas and enters the heat effect layer 27 , the greenhouse gas in the heat effect layer 27 can still absorb heat energy and radiate back into the
另根据文献的记载,自然界中正六边形蜂巢型态的空间,其热辐射损失较低,故数个第一、二气室24、25的特殊空间设计也能够减少热能的耗损,以至于热能无法往外界环境3逸出。配合本发明将各第一、二气室24、25的高度控制在6-9mm以下,气体分子在一定限制高度下无法产生热对流现象,并维持在稳定的静风状态,因此空间4中的温度遂不至于因外界环境3温度下降而随之快速降低。In addition, according to the records in the literature, the regular hexagonal honeycomb space in nature has low heat radiation loss, so the special space design of the first and
在本实施例中,随着外界温度逐渐下降,热能由低热损复层气室塑料布2的下方(即空间4)往上方(即外界环境3)流动,除了依靠低热损复层气室塑料布2本身阻绝热能对流外,另在热能辐射的过程中先受到低辐射膜23的挡止,而将大部分的热能反射回空间4中,极少部分通过低辐射膜23的热能则会先后遭遇热阻断层26、热效应层27,热阻断层26中填充惰性气体具有极低的热传导效应,使得通过低辐射膜23的绝大部分热能并无法借着传导方式通过热阻断层26,配合热效应层27中的温室效应气体吸收来自热阻断层26的热能并加以辐射回到热阻断层26,最后回到空间4中,故最后能够顺利通过热效应层27而发散到外界环境3的热能是微乎其微,以达到最低热能耗损目的。In this embodiment, as the external temperature gradually drops, heat energy flows upward (i.e. the external environment 3) from the bottom (i.e. the space 4) of the low-heat loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth 2. The cloth 2 itself blocks heat energy convection, and is blocked by the low-e film 23 in the process of heat radiation, and reflects most of the heat energy back into the
此外,由于每一第一气室24及每一第二气室25皆呈蜂巢状,也能辅助减少热辐射损失,且任两个位于不同高度的第一、二气室24、25不完全重叠,即使低热损复层气室塑料布2的厚度较薄,也能借由交错设置的第一、二气室24、25而提高整体结构强度。In addition, because each
另外,在本发明中值得注意的是:各第一、二基膜21、21′、21″、22、22′是由乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体、聚偏二氯乙烯及乙烯-乙烯醇共聚合物三者共挤而成,因此其阻透性较一般单层塑胶覆盖制品更优异。当然也可选自于乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体、聚偏二氯乙烯、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚合物及氧化矽中至少两者共挤制成,其他具有阻透效果的材料也是很好的选择,且随着选择的材料种类增加,各第一、二基膜21、21′、21″、22、22′的阻透效果也会随之提高。In addition, it is noteworthy in the present invention that each of the first and second base films 21, 21', 21", 22, 22' is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer The three polymers are co-extruded, so its barrier property is better than that of general single-layer plastic covering products. Of course, it can also be selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer And at least two of silicon oxide are co-extruded, and other materials with barrier effect are also good choices, and as the types of materials selected increase, each of the first and second base films 21, 21', 21", 22 , The barrier effect of 22' will also increase accordingly.
再者,臭氧是一种极为活泼且携带游离电子的气体分子,很可能对各第一、二基膜21、21′、21″、22、22′进行溶渗,为确保低热损复层气室塑料布2的耐久性及安全性,故制成各第一、二基膜21、21′、21″、22、22′的其中一种原料-聚偏二氯乙烯于共挤制程中应位于中间而并非位于最外侧的一层,以避免臭氧直接与聚偏二氯乙烯中的氯原子接触发生反应,导致对各第一、二基膜21、21′、21″、22、22′溶渗,进而缩短低热损复层气室塑料布2的使用寿命。Furthermore, ozone is a gas molecule that is extremely active and carries free electrons, and it is likely to dissolve and infiltrate each of the first and second base films 21, 21', 21", 22, 22'. The durability and safety of the chamber plastic cloth 2, so one of the raw materials-polyvinylidene chloride, which is made of the first and second base films 21, 21', 21", 22, 22', should be used in the co-extrusion process. It is located in the middle rather than the outermost layer, so as to prevent ozone from reacting directly with the chlorine atoms in polyvinylidene chloride, resulting in damage to the first and second base films 21, 21', 21", 22, 22' Infiltration, thereby shortening the service life of the plastic cloth 2 with low heat loss multi-layer air chamber.
实施例二Embodiment two
如图4所示,本发明低热损复层气室塑料布5大致等同于本发明实施例一,其特别处在于本发明低热损复层气室塑料布5共形成有两层热效应层57、57′及位于两层热效应层57、57′之间的热阻断层56,使两层热效应层57、57′分别位于热阻断层56的相反两侧。低热损复层气室塑料布5更包含有两层分别位于最外层第一基膜51外侧的强化膜58。强化膜58由尼龙6所制成,当然尼龙1212也是适合的材质选择。本发明亦可共形成两层热阻断层及位于两层热阻断层之间的热效应层,使两层热阻断层分别位于热效应层的相反两侧。As shown in Figure 4, the low-heat-loss multiple-layer air-chamber
由于增加了各强化膜58的设计,因此可提高结构支撑强度与抗拉伸张力;而在原有热效应层57外,更形成有另一层热效应层57′,而热阻断层56位于两层热效应层57、57′之间,虽然热阻断层56及两层热效应层57、57′的排列方式为交错排列,但同样可以减低热能向外发散的比例,且由于热效应层57′的形成,对于来自热阻断层56的些微热能产生加成反射的整体效果。Due to the increase in the design of each strengthening
实施例三Embodiment three
如图5所示,本发明低热损复层气室塑料布6共形成三层热阻断层66及四层热效应层67、67′。与本发明实施例三相同处在于三层热阻断层66位于下方两层热效应层67与上方两层热效应层67′之间,而其中下方两层热效应层67相对邻近空间4,上方两层热效应层67′相对邻近外界环境3。亦可使数层热效应层分别位于数层热阻断层之间。亦可使数层热阻断层与数层热效应层呈彼此交错排列。As shown in FIG. 5 , the low heat loss multi-layer air chamber
低热损复层气室塑料布6更包含位于低辐射膜63外侧借以反射光线的反射膜69及位于最邻近于外界环境3中之一的第一基膜61外侧的糙面膜60。强化膜68位于最邻近于外界环境3中之一的第一基膜61与糙面膜60之间。The low-heat loss multi-layer air chamber
在热能前进到低辐射膜63之前,首先便会被反射膜69加以反射回空间4中,以致于可通过反射膜69进入低辐射膜63的热能便大为降低,而在受到低辐射膜63的阻止下,配合三层热阻断层66、下方两层热效应层67及上方两层热效应层67′的上下多层叠置的方式,使得能够顺利通过三层热阻断层66、下方两层热效应层67及上方两层热效应层67′的热能非常低,热能每通过其中一层,其传导效率便部分下降,当然三层热阻断层66、下方两层热效应层67及上方两层热效应层67′也是可以交错排列,同样可以降低热传导效率。Before the thermal energy advances to the low-
本实施例最为特殊处在于借由糙面膜60可提高光入射总表面积,使得本发明实施例三低热损复层气室塑料布6较本发明实施例一、二在日间便能将更多阳光引进空间4中,快速提高空间4中的温度,在隔天日间阳光再次照射前,糙面膜60则可将来自于各热阻断层66、热效应层67、67′的微量热能向外发散,糙面膜60的较大表面积协助热能更快速向四周散射,故本发明实施三例特别适用于寒带地区,在日间快速吸收热能进入空间4中,以提高空间4中温度,当日落后由空间4向外传递的微量热能则可溶解堆积于低热损复层气室塑料布上6的积雪,避免积雪重压于低热损复层气室塑料布上而破坏其结构强度及张力。除此之外,由于一部分热能被反射回空间4中,故邻近于反射膜69的空气不容易因温度过低而凝结在反射膜69上,形成结露与水分滴落的情形。The most special feature of this embodiment is that the total surface area of light incident can be increased by the
归纳上述,本发明低热损复层气室塑料布借由热阻断层及热效应层间热传介质的变化,增加热传递所需的时间,并达到大幅隔绝热能传递的三个途径:传导、对流及辐射,并配合强化膜与上下交错叠置的气室结构,提升本发明低热损复层气室塑料布的结构强度,更可视使用状态而加设有糙面膜、反射膜,故确实能达到本发明降低热能耗损目的。To sum up the above, the low heat loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth of the present invention increases the time required for heat transfer by the change of the heat transfer medium between the thermal barrier layer and the thermal effect layer, and achieves three ways of greatly isolating heat energy transfer: conduction, Convection and radiation, combined with the reinforcement film and the air chamber structure stacked up and down, improve the structural strength of the low heat loss multi-layer air chamber plastic cloth of the present invention, and add rough film and reflective film according to the use status, so it is reliable The invention can achieve the purpose of reducing heat energy loss.
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| CN103501589A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2014-01-08 | 帕拉斯蒂卡克里蒂斯公司 | Multilayer plastic film with separable layers for covering of inflated greenhouse |
| CN103501589B (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2018-08-10 | 帕拉斯蒂卡克里蒂斯公司 | The Multilayer plastic film being layered for covering inflatable greenhouse |
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