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CN1669913A - Method for preparing elemental selenium nanotubes by liquid phase reduction without template - Google Patents

Method for preparing elemental selenium nanotubes by liquid phase reduction without template Download PDF

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CN1669913A
CN1669913A CN 200510024071 CN200510024071A CN1669913A CN 1669913 A CN1669913 A CN 1669913A CN 200510024071 CN200510024071 CN 200510024071 CN 200510024071 A CN200510024071 A CN 200510024071A CN 1669913 A CN1669913 A CN 1669913A
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elemental selenium
liquid phase
nanotube
phase reduction
selenium
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CN1289387C (en
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高濂
陈名海
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Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of CAS
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种无模板液相还原合成单质硒纳米管的方法。主要特征是以亚硒酸钠为硒源,以葡萄糖为还原剂,通过水热反应一步获得结晶完好的单质硒纳米管。制备过程中不需任何模板,也不需添加表面活性剂,在水热环境下快速制备;在150-200℃下水热反应8-12h能获得外径200-300nm,内径150-200nm,长径比15-40的高质量纳米管。本方法选用更加环境友好的绿色还原剂葡萄糖作还原剂,降低废液排放毒性,比以往使用水合肼作还原剂更加安全实用;并且一步还原可以省略很多繁琐的步骤;水热环境更加适合晶体生长,可以快速生长高质量的纳米晶,较常用室温生长纳米线快得多。本方法具有工艺简单、操作方便、成本低廉和环境友好等特点。

Figure 200510024071

The invention provides a method for synthesizing elemental selenium nanotubes by liquid phase reduction without template. The main feature is to use sodium selenite as a selenium source and glucose as a reducing agent to obtain well-crystallized elemental selenium nanotubes in one step through hydrothermal reaction. The preparation process does not require any templates, nor does it need to add surfactants, and can be rapidly prepared in a hydrothermal environment; hydrothermal reaction at 150-200°C for 8-12 hours can obtain an outer diameter of 200-300nm, an inner diameter of 150-200nm, and a long diameter High-quality nanotubes with a ratio of 15-40. This method uses the more environmentally friendly green reducing agent glucose as the reducing agent to reduce the toxicity of waste liquid discharge, which is safer and more practical than using hydrazine hydrate as the reducing agent in the past; and one-step reduction can omit many tedious steps; the hydrothermal environment is more suitable for crystal growth , can quickly grow high-quality nanocrystals, which is much faster than the usual room temperature growth of nanowires. The method has the characteristics of simple process, convenient operation, low cost and environmental friendliness.

Figure 200510024071

Description

Non-template liquid phase reduction prepares the method for elemental selenium nanotube
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of elemental selenium nanotube.Belong to field of nanometer material technology.
Background technology
Simple substance selenium is a kind of important elemental semiconductor, has numerous tempting performances in many aspects, as lower fusing point (~490K), high optical conductivity (~8 * 10 4Scm -1), nonlinear optical response performance and high chemically reactive etc., on photocell, rectifier, mechanical sensing device, photosensor and reprography, have application market widely.Since S.Iijima discovery carbon nanotube in 1991, the tubular nanometer structure was because its unique feature and performance become the focus that the investigation of materials scholar pays close attention at once.Because Se self crystalline structure is a kind of chain-like structure, have unique unsymmetric structure, make it to possess spontaneous one-dimensional growth habit.Therefore, the research of simple substance selenium one-dimentional structure is carried out in a large number, as one-dimensional nano line, nanometer rod and nano belt etc.Prior preparation method has physical methods such as laser splash and gas-solid deposition, and wet chemical method such as solvent thermal.Wherein the typical case of wet chemistry method representative is the research of the nano wire carried out of Xia Younan and group member thereof, and they are with H 2SeO 3Be selenium source, hydrazine hydrate is a reductive agent, by forming the red selenium of amorphous behind the room temperature reaction, in ethanol medium, and room temperature is grown (week) for a long time under the lucifuge, perhaps the assisting ultrasonic technology growth goes out tripartite selenium nano wire (B.Gates, B.Mayers, the A.Grossman of high length-diameter ratio, Y.Xia, Advanced Materials, 2002,14 (23): 1749-1752).Other selenium sources commonly used have Na 2SeSO 3, Na 2SeO 3With Se etc., also applied to prepare elemental selenium nano line or nanometer rod in a large number, big quantity research with simple substance Te of similar structures has also prepared corresponding nano wire, nanometer rod even nanotube (B.Mayers, Y.Xia, Advanced Materials, 2002,14 (4): 279-282), but but there is very big difficulty in the preparation of elemental selenium nanotube always, and it is less to be seen in report.Lu Jun etc. are by the solvent-thermal method growth, and in ethanol medium, 200 ℃ of growth 12h obtain the micron single-transistor of diameter 30 μ m with simple substance selenium, big (the Jun Lu of size, Yi Xie, Fen Xu, Liying Zhu, J.Mater.Chem., 2002,12,2755-2761).Nearest Ma Yurong etc. are with Na 2SeSO 3Disproportionation reaction in the acidic medium of micellar solution successfully prepare external diameter 80-300nm length from several μ m to the above elemental selenium nanotube of 100 μ m, wherein use surfactant B rij-35 to form micella and make soft template, assisting ultrasonic means room temperature growth (Yurong Ma, Limin Qi, Jiming Ma, Humin Cheng, Advanced Materials, 2004,16 (12): 1023-1026).Zhang Hui etc. are selenium source with simple substance selenium, prepare precursor aqueous solution (NH earlier in 200 ℃ of thermal and hydric environments 4) 2SeO 3, with the hydrazine hydrate reductive agent again, the assisting ultrasonic technology growth goes out the nanotube of external diameter 200-500nm, thickness of pipe 50nm, but the curtailment of nanotube (Hui Zhang, Deren Yang, Yujie Ji, Xiangyang Ma, Jin Xu, DuanlingQue, J.Phys.Chem.B, 108,1179-1182).Also there are many potential safety hazards in the reductive agent hydrazine hydrate that uses, and experimental implementation is closed liquid waste disposal all must be very careful.This shows that existing wet-chemical prepares the means major part grows based on ultrasonic technique, perhaps use surfactant modified or the limit threshold.Carry out the research of elemental selenium nanotube preparation, demand developing safe and practical easy synthesizing mean urgently.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of non-template liquid phase reduction legal system to be equipped with elemental selenium nanotube, it is a kind of method for preparing the elemental selenium nanotube of complete crystallization by a stage reduction method, simplify the experimental technique route, and use safer reductive agent, need not the promptly synthetic elemental selenium nanotube of template, make it more easy to use, environmental friendliness.
The present invention implements like this: with the Sodium Selenite is selenium source, is reductive agent with glucose, passes through hydro-thermal reaction 10h one-step synthesis elemental selenium nanotube at 180 ℃.
(1) mol ratio with Sodium Selenite and glucose is set in 1: 2-1: 4 scopes, in the teflon-lined stainless steel cauldron of packing into, adding distil water to 80% volume is stirred to dissolving with glass stick, forms water white mixing solutions.
(2) the reactor sealing is tightened, put into baking oven, temperature is set in 150-200 ℃, take out reactor behind the reaction 8-12h, make its naturally cooling.
(3) subsequently the reaction precipitation thing is poured out, it is inferior to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth with distilled water, washes twice with dehydrated alcohol again.50-70 ℃ of following dry 3-6h in vacuum drying oven collects sample retention in moisture eliminator at last.
The method of the synthetic elemental selenium nanotube of a kind of non-template liquid phase reduction provided by the invention is characterized in:
(1) is water-soluble selenium source with Sodium Selenite, can obtains uniform reaction system;
(2) with glucose be reductive agent, toxicological harmless is a kind of green environment close friend's a weak reductant, avoids using dangerous big reductive agent, for example uses hydrazine hydrate as reductive agent than in the past, not only reduces toxin expelling, and safety;
(3) reaction need not any template limit threshold or adds any surfactant modifiedly, and next step can obtain elemental selenium nanotube at thermal and hydric environment;
(4) the experimental technique route is simple, and operation is convenient.
(5) preparation elemental selenium nano external diameter of pipe 200-300nm, internal diameter 150-200nm, length-to-diameter ratio is up to 15-40, the complete crystallization monocrystalline.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 elemental selenium nano powder X ray diffracting spectrum
Fig. 2 nanotube transmission electron microscope photo and electron diffraction spot: (a) (b) embodiment 1, (c) (d) embodiment 2
The single nanotube EDS of Fig. 3 power spectrum collection of illustrative plates
Embodiment
Further specify embodiment and effect with following indefiniteness embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The mol ratio of Sodium Selenite and glucose was set in 1: 2, get 0.0025mol Sodium Selenite and 0.005mol glucose, the volume 80mL that packs into gets in the teflon-lined stainless steel cauldron, adding distil water to 80% volume, be stirred to dissolving with glass stick, form water white mixing solutions.The reactor sealing is tightened, put into baking oven, temperature is set in 180 ℃, take out reactor behind the reaction 10h, make its naturally cooling.Subsequently the reaction precipitation thing is poured out, it is inferior to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth with distilled water, washes twice with dehydrated alcohol again.60 ℃ of following dry 4h in vacuum drying oven collect sample retention in moisture eliminator at last.Fig. 1 is the X-ray diffraction spectrogram of the nanometer selenium powder of present embodiment preparation, as seen the gained powder is tripartite phase simple substance selenium, and diffraction peak is successively corresponding to the crystal face diffraction peak of (100), (101), (111), (102), (111), (200), (201), (003), (112), (103), (202), (210), (211) and (113) in the spectrogram; Do not find the diffraction peak of any impurity in the spectrogram, diffraction peak intensity is high and sharp-pointed, has as seen obtained the intact tripartite phase simple substance selenium of purity higher crystalline.Fig. 2 a-b is the transmission electron microscope photo of prepared sample, and visible simple substance selenium presents the tubulose pattern, nanotube external diameter 200-300nm, and internal diameter 150-200nm, length-to-diameter ratio has exceeded field range up to more than 15 in transmission electron microscope photo.The electron diffraction spot explanation nanotube that is inserted in Fig. 2 (a) is the monocrystalline of complete crystallization.Fig. 3 is the single nanotube EDS energy of a sample spectrogram, and product purity is higher, except the peak from copper mesh back of the body end C and Cu occurring, all is the power spectrum peak of simple substance selenium.
Embodiment 2
The mol ratio of preparation Sodium Selenite and glucose is 1: 4, and the volume 80mL that packs into gets in the teflon-lined stainless steel cauldron, and adding distil water to 80% volume is stirred to dissolving with glass stick, forms water white mixing solutions.The reactor sealing is tightened, put into baking oven, temperature is set in 180 ℃, take out reactor behind the reaction 10h, make its naturally cooling.Subsequently the reaction precipitation thing is poured out, it is inferior to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth with distilled water, washes twice with dehydrated alcohol again.70 ℃ of oven dry down in vacuum drying oven are at last collected sample retention in moisture eliminator.Preparation selenium nanotube diameter 250-300nm, internal diameter 150-200nm, length-to-diameter ratio is up to 40.Fig. 2 c-d is the transmission electron microscope photo of prepared sample.
Embodiment 3
The mol ratio of preparation Sodium Selenite and glucose is 1: 2, and in the teflon-lined stainless steel cauldron of the volume 80mL that packs into, adding distil water to 80% volume is stirred to dissolving with glass stick, forms water white mixing solutions.The reactor sealing is tightened, put into baking oven, temperature is set in 150 ℃, take out reactor behind the reaction 12h, make its naturally cooling.Subsequently the reaction precipitation thing is poured out, it is inferior to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth with distilled water, washes twice with dehydrated alcohol again.50 ℃ of oven dry down in vacuum drying oven are at last collected sample retention in moisture eliminator.Preparation selenium nanotube diameter 200-300nm, internal diameter 150-200nm, length-to-diameter ratio reaches 15.
Embodiment 4
The mol ratio of preparation Sodium Selenite and glucose is 1: 2, and the volume 80mL that packs into gets in the teflon-lined stainless steel cauldron, and adding distil water to 80% volume is stirred to dissolving with glass stick, forms water white mixing solutions.The reactor sealing is tightened, put into baking oven, temperature is set in 200 ℃, take out reactor behind the reaction 8h, make its naturally cooling.Subsequently the reaction precipitation thing is poured out, it is inferior to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth with distilled water, washes twice with dehydrated alcohol again.50 ℃ of oven dry down in vacuum drying oven are at last collected sample retention in moisture eliminator.Prepared selenium nanotube length-to-diameter ratio reaches 20.All the other are with embodiment 1.

Claims (5)

1, a kind ofly need not the method that template liquid phase reduction prepares elemental selenium nanotube, it is characterized in that: with inorganic Sodium Selenite is selenium source, with glucose is reductive agent, reaction one-step synthesis tubulose elemental selenium nano crystalline substance under hydrothermal condition, the mol ratio that concrete processing condition are Sodium Selenite and glucose 1: 2~1: 4, pack in the teflon-lined stainless steel cauldron, add distilled water and form colourless transparent solution, reactor is tightened in sealing, under 150-200 ℃ of condition, react 8-12h, naturally cooling.Throw out takes out after washing in vacuum drying oven in 50-70 ℃ of dry 3-6h.
2, need not the method that template liquid phase reduction prepares elemental selenium nanotube by claim 1 is described, it is characterized in that adding and form colourless transparent solution behind the distilled water and account for stainless steel cauldron volume 80%.
3, describedly need not the method that template liquid phase reduction prepares elemental selenium nanotube by claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that stainless steel cauldron is is liner with tetrafluoroethylene.
4, need not the method that template liquid phase reduction prepares elemental selenium nanotube by claim 1 is described, it is characterized in that it is to use earlier distilled water that throw out takes out washing, after use ethanol.
5, describedly need not the method that the template liquid phase reduction legal system is equipped with elemental selenium nanotube by claim 1,2 or 4, it is characterized in that elemental selenium nano external diameter of pipe 200-300nm, internal diameter 150-200nm, length-to-diameter ratio can reach 15-40.
CN 200510024071 2005-02-25 2005-02-25 Non-template liquid phase reduction method for preparing elemental selenium nanotube Expired - Fee Related CN1289387C (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101885475A (en) * 2010-07-26 2010-11-17 南京理工大学 A kind of synthetic method of elemental selenium nanoribbon
WO2011001246A3 (en) * 2009-06-29 2011-05-19 Pacific Rare Specialty Metals & Chemicals, Inc. A process for the recovery of selenium from minerals and/or acidic solutions
US8268285B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2012-09-18 Pacific Rare Specialty Metals and Chemicals, Inc. Process for the recovery of tellurium from minerals and/or acidic solutions
CN102730651A (en) * 2012-07-08 2012-10-17 桂林理工大学 Solvothermal method for regulating morphology of elemental nano-selenium
CN103302304A (en) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-18 上海交通大学 Preparation method of nickel or nickel alloy nanotube
CN103420344A (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-12-04 武汉理工大学 Preparation method for nano-selenium
CN108793099A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-11-13 武汉理工大学 A kind of radial selenium nanotube and preparation method thereof
CN109911869A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-06-21 湖南工业大学 A method for reducing, decomposing, cleaning and extracting selenium from iron selenate slag

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8268285B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2012-09-18 Pacific Rare Specialty Metals and Chemicals, Inc. Process for the recovery of tellurium from minerals and/or acidic solutions
WO2011001246A3 (en) * 2009-06-29 2011-05-19 Pacific Rare Specialty Metals & Chemicals, Inc. A process for the recovery of selenium from minerals and/or acidic solutions
US8092776B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2012-01-10 Pacific Rare Specialty Metals and Chemicals, Inc. Process for the recovery of selenium from minerals and/or acidic solutions
US8361431B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2013-01-29 Pacific Rare Specialty Metals & Chemicals, Inc. Process for the recovery of selenium from minerals and/or acidic solutions
CN101885475B (en) * 2010-07-26 2012-05-16 南京理工大学 Method for synthesizing elemental selenium nano belt
CN101885475A (en) * 2010-07-26 2010-11-17 南京理工大学 A kind of synthetic method of elemental selenium nanoribbon
CN103420344A (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-12-04 武汉理工大学 Preparation method for nano-selenium
CN103420344B (en) * 2012-05-14 2015-07-22 武汉理工大学 Preparation method for nano-selenium
CN102730651A (en) * 2012-07-08 2012-10-17 桂林理工大学 Solvothermal method for regulating morphology of elemental nano-selenium
CN103302304A (en) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-18 上海交通大学 Preparation method of nickel or nickel alloy nanotube
CN103302304B (en) * 2013-06-07 2015-07-08 上海交通大学 Preparation method of nickel or nickel alloy nanotube
CN108793099A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-11-13 武汉理工大学 A kind of radial selenium nanotube and preparation method thereof
CN108793099B (en) * 2018-07-17 2021-12-07 武汉理工大学 Radial selenium nanotube and preparation method thereof
CN109911869A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-06-21 湖南工业大学 A method for reducing, decomposing, cleaning and extracting selenium from iron selenate slag

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