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CN1651780B - Magnetic suspension bearing system - Google Patents

Magnetic suspension bearing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1651780B
CN1651780B CN200410003262XA CN200410003262A CN1651780B CN 1651780 B CN1651780 B CN 1651780B CN 200410003262X A CN200410003262X A CN 200410003262XA CN 200410003262 A CN200410003262 A CN 200410003262A CN 1651780 B CN1651780 B CN 1651780B
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magnetic
rotating shaft
magnet
magnetic bearing
magnet assembly
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CN1651780A (en
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叶廷仁
庄坤富
黄文喜
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Delta Electronics Inc
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Delta Electronics Inc
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0408Passive magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0423Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
    • F16C32/0425Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for radial load mainly

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  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a magnetic suspension bearing system (magnetic bearing system) for a rotating machine (rotate machine), which utilizes magnetic repulsion between magnetic assemblies (magnetic assemblies) formed by stacking (stack) of ring magnets (ring magnets) on a rotating shaft (spindle) on a rotor of the rotating machine and a spindle hole (spindle hole) for accommodating the rotating shaft on a stator seat of the rotating machine to provide non-contact rigid support for the rotating shaft in the radial direction.

Description

磁浮轴承系统 Magnetic Bearing System

技术领域technical field

本发明是关于一种转动机械的轴承系统,尤其是关于一种磁浮轴承系统。The invention relates to a bearing system of a rotating machine, in particular to a magnetic bearing system.

背景技术Background technique

在现今的转动机械中,常用来提供转轴径向上支撑以及转轴旋转自由度的机械轴承主要是含油轴承(sleeve bearing)及滚珠轴承(ball bearing)。就含油轴承而言,由于含油轴承所含油量会因为使用时间的增长或密封不佳而有所损耗,使得含油承轴与转轴之间的摩擦力增加进而产生高温及噪音,因此已渐渐不符合高性能转动机械的要求。至于滚珠轴承,则由于滚珠在滚动时每颗滚珠的磨耗情况不同,使得电机在转动时会有不可预期的颤动而产生较大的噪音。In today's rotating machinery, the mechanical bearings commonly used to provide the radial support of the rotating shaft and the rotational freedom of the rotating shaft are mainly sleeve bearings and ball bearings. As far as oil-impregnated bearings are concerned, since the oil content of oil-impregnated bearings will be lost due to the increase in use time or poor sealing, the friction between the oil-impregnated bearing shaft and the rotating shaft will increase, resulting in high temperature and noise, so it has gradually become unsuitable. High performance rotating machinery requirements. As for the ball bearings, since the wear of each ball is different when the balls are rolling, the motor will vibrate unexpectedly when it is rotating, resulting in relatively large noise.

图1所示为一传统风扇电机(fan motor)1的局部剖面图,其中转子11上的转轴111由定子座12上的心轴孔121所容纳。如图所示,风扇电机1利用两个滚珠轴承13及14来约束转轴111用以限制转轴111在径向方向上可能发生的偏摆(run out),进而提供转轴111在径向上的支撑;及采用一个弹簧(spring)15提供转轴111在轴向上的支撑;及利用一C型扣环(C retaining ring)16来将转轴111固定住。然而,由于滚珠轴承13及14有上述的噪音问题,且风扇电机转轴111与滚珠轴承13及14、弹簧15及C型扣环16三者均有接触而造成在径向方向上的接触面积过大,因此风扇电机在运转时将会因为大面积的接触磨擦而产生极大的噪音及高温,进而容易造成风扇电机1寿命的缩短。FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional fan motor (fan motor) 1, wherein the rotating shaft 111 on the rotor 11 is accommodated by the spindle hole 121 on the stator base 12. As shown in the figure, the fan motor 1 uses two ball bearings 13 and 14 to constrain the rotating shaft 111 to limit the possible run out of the rotating shaft 111 in the radial direction, thereby providing support for the rotating shaft 111 in the radial direction; And a spring (spring) 15 is used to provide the axial support of the rotating shaft 111; and a C-shaped buckle (C Retaining ring) 16 is used to fix the rotating shaft 111. However, because the ball bearings 13 and 14 have the above-mentioned noise problem, and the fan motor shaft 111 is in contact with the ball bearings 13 and 14, the spring 15 and the C-shaped buckle 16, the contact area in the radial direction is too large. Large, so the fan motor will generate great noise and high temperature due to large-area contact friction during operation, which will easily cause the life of the fan motor 1 to be shortened.

为了能够提供诸如风扇电机的转动机械在轴向及径向上的支撑以及能够同时降低其运转时所产生的机械磨耗及噪音,进而增加转动机械的寿命,本发明遂提出一种用于转动机械的磁浮轴承系统。In order to provide axial and radial support for a rotating machine such as a fan motor and simultaneously reduce mechanical wear and noise generated during its operation, thereby increasing the life of the rotating machine, the present invention proposes a rotating machine Magnetic bearing system.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明提出一种用于转动机械的磁浮轴承系统,其利用分别位于转动机械转子上转轴及转动机械定子座上容纳转轴的心轴孔上的磁性组件之间的磁斥力来提供转轴在径向上的非接触式刚性支撑,而有效减少转动机械运转时所产生的机械磨损、噪音及振动,进而提高转速以及延长转动机械及轴承系统的使用寿命。The present invention proposes a magnetic bearing system for a rotating machine, which uses the magnetic repulsion between the magnetic components respectively located on the rotating shaft on the rotor of the rotating machine and on the mandrel hole on the stator seat of the rotating machine to accommodate the rotating shaft to provide the rotating shaft in the radial direction. The non-contact rigid support can effectively reduce the mechanical wear, noise and vibration generated during the operation of the rotating machinery, thereby increasing the speed and prolonging the service life of the rotating machinery and the bearing system.

为达到上述目的,本发明提供一种磁浮轴承系统,包括:To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a magnetic bearing system, comprising:

一转轴;a rotating shaft;

一心轴孔,位于一定子座上,用以容纳该转轴;a mandrel hole, located on a stator seat, for accommodating the rotating shaft;

一第一磁性组件,固设于该转轴的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反轴向充磁的环状磁铁组成;A first magnetic component, fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, consists of at least one ring-shaped magnet with opposite polarities and axial magnetization at both ends;

一第二磁性组件,固设于该心轴孔的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反轴向充磁的环状磁铁组成,其中,该第一磁性组件的环状磁铁与该第二磁性组件的环状磁铁为同极相对,第一磁性组件上各个环状磁铁的一异极分界面相对于该第二磁性组件上对应环状磁铁的一异极分界面偏移一距离;及A second magnetic component is fixed on the side wall of the mandrel hole and consists of at least one annular magnet with opposite polarities and axial magnetization at both ends, wherein the annular magnet of the first magnetic component is connected to the second magnetic component. The ring magnets of the two magnetic components are opposite to each other with the same polarity, and a different polar interface of each ring magnet on the first magnetic component is offset by a distance relative to a different polar interface of the corresponding ring magnet on the second magnetic component; and

至少一止推轴承,固设于该定子座上,用以限制该转轴远离该定子座的轴向移动。At least one thrust bearing is fixed on the stator base to limit the axial movement of the rotating shaft away from the stator base.

本发明还提供一种磁浮轴承系统,包括:The present invention also provides a magnetic bearing system, including:

一转轴;a rotating shaft;

一心轴孔,位于一定子座上,用以容纳该转轴;a mandrel hole, located on a stator seat, for accommodating the rotating shaft;

一第一磁性组件,固设于该转轴的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反的环状磁铁组成;A first magnetic component is fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft and consists of at least one ring-shaped magnet with opposite polarities at both ends;

一第二磁性组件,固设于该心轴孔的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反的环状磁铁组成;及a second magnetic assembly, fixed on the side wall of the mandrel hole, consisting of at least one ring magnet with opposite polarity at both ends; and

一支撑组件,包括一第一止推轴承,固设于该定子座上,其提供一对抗该转轴在轴向上一第一方向上的移动的轴向力;一第二止推轴承,固设于该定子座上,其提供一对抗该转轴在轴向上一第二方向上的移动的轴向力,该第二方向与该第一方向相反;A support assembly, including a first thrust bearing, fixed on the stator seat, which provides an axial force against the movement of the rotating shaft in a first direction in the axial direction; a second thrust bearing, fixed located on the stator base, which provides an axial force against movement of the rotating shaft in a second direction in the axial direction, the second direction being opposite to the first direction;

其中,该第一磁性组件的环状磁铁与该第二磁性组件的环状磁铁为同极相对,其中该第一磁性组件上至少一环状磁铁的厚度与该第二磁性组件上对应环状磁铁的厚度不同。Wherein, the ring magnet of the first magnetic assembly is opposite to the ring magnet of the second magnetic assembly at the same pole, wherein the thickness of at least one ring magnet on the first magnetic assembly is the same as that of the corresponding ring magnet on the second magnetic assembly. Magnets come in different thicknesses.

本发明还提供一种磁浮轴承系统,包括:The present invention also provides a magnetic bearing system, including:

一转轴;a rotating shaft;

一心轴孔,位于一定子座上,用以容纳该转轴;a mandrel hole, located on a stator seat, for accommodating the rotating shaft;

一第一磁性组件,固设于该转轴的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反轴向充磁的环状磁铁组成;A first magnetic component, fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, consists of at least one ring-shaped magnet with opposite polarities and axial magnetization at both ends;

一第二磁性组件,固设于该心轴孔的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反轴向充磁的环状磁铁组成,其中,该第一磁性组件的环状磁铁与该第二磁性组件的环状磁铁为同极相对,第一磁性组件上各个环状磁铁的一异极分界面相对于该第二磁性组件上对应环状磁铁的一异极分界面在同一平面;及A second magnetic component is fixed on the side wall of the mandrel hole and consists of at least one annular magnet with opposite polarities and axial magnetization at both ends, wherein the annular magnet of the first magnetic component is connected to the second magnetic component. The ring magnets of the two magnetic components are opposite to each other with the same pole, and a different polar interface of each ring magnet on the first magnetic component is on the same plane as a different polar interface of the corresponding ring magnet on the second magnetic component; and

至少一止推轴承,固设于该定子座上,用以限制该转轴远离该定子座的轴向移动。At least one thrust bearing is fixed on the stator base to limit the axial movement of the rotating shaft away from the stator base.

本发明还提供一种一种磁浮轴承系统,包括:The present invention also provides a magnetic bearing system, including:

一转轴;a rotating shaft;

一心轴孔,位于一定子座上,用以容纳该转轴;a mandrel hole, located on a stator seat, for accommodating the rotating shaft;

一第一磁性组件,固设于该转轴的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反轴向充磁的环状磁铁组成;A first magnetic component, fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, consists of at least one ring-shaped magnet with opposite polarities and axial magnetization at both ends;

一第二磁性组件,固设于该心轴孔的侧壁上,由至少一两端极性相反轴向充磁的环状磁铁组成;及A second magnetic component, fixed on the side wall of the spindle hole, consists of at least one ring magnet with opposite polarities and axial magnetization at both ends; and

一支撑组件,其与该转轴共轴线,且和该转轴直接接触,该支撑组件和该第一磁性组件及该第二磁性组件相作用,以限制该转轴于该定子座的轴向移动;a supporting component coaxial with the rotating shaft and in direct contact with the rotating shaft, the supporting component interacts with the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component to limit the axial movement of the rotating shaft in the stator base;

其中,该第一磁性组件的环状磁铁与该第二磁性组件的环状磁铁为同极相对,其中该第一磁性组件上各个环状磁铁的一异极分界面相对于该第二磁性组件上对应环状磁铁的一异极分界面向下偏移一距离。Wherein, the ring magnet of the first magnetic assembly is opposite to the ring magnet of the second magnetic assembly with the same polarity, wherein a different pole interface of each ring magnet on the first magnetic assembly is opposite to the second magnetic assembly A heteropolar interface corresponding to the upper ring magnet is offset downward by a distance.

本发明还提供一种磁浮轴承系统,包括:The present invention also provides a magnetic bearing system, including:

一转轴,其末端被塑形成为一接触面;a shaft, the end of which is shaped to form a contact surface;

一心轴孔,位于一定子座上,用以容纳该转轴;a mandrel hole, located on a stator seat, for accommodating the rotating shaft;

一第一磁性组件,固设于该转轴上;a first magnetic component fixed on the rotating shaft;

一第二磁性组件,固设于该心轴孔的侧壁上;及a second magnetic component fixed on the side wall of the spindle hole; and

一支撑组件,其一表面与该转轴的接触面为点接触,以提供一轴向力来对抗该转轴。A supporting component, one surface of which is in point contact with the contact surface of the rotating shaft, provides an axial force against the rotating shaft.

概括地讲,本发明所提出的磁浮轴承系统包括一转轴、一用以容纳该转轴的心轴孔、一第一磁性组件、一第二磁性组件及一支撑组件。第一磁性组件装设于该转轴的侧壁(side wall)上,其包括多个呈堆积的两端极性(polarity)相反的环状磁铁,该等环状磁铁的同极相接。第二磁性组件装设于该心轴孔的侧壁上,包括多个呈堆积的两端极性相反的环状磁铁,该等环状磁铁的同极相接。支撑组件固设于该定子座上,用以轴向支撑该转轴。Generally speaking, the magnetic bearing system proposed by the present invention includes a rotating shaft, a spindle hole for accommodating the rotating shaft, a first magnetic component, a second magnetic component and a supporting component. The first magnetic component is installed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and it includes a plurality of stacked ring magnets with opposite polarities at both ends, and the same poles of the ring magnets are connected. The second magnetic component is installed on the side wall of the mandrel hole, and includes a plurality of stacked ring magnets with opposite polarities at both ends, and the same poles of the ring magnets are connected. The support assembly is fixed on the stator base for axially supporting the rotating shaft.

一实施例中,该第一磁性组件的各个环状磁铁的一异极分界面分别与该第二磁性组件的各个环状磁铁的一异极分界面对齐(aligned)。In one embodiment, a heteropolar interface of each ring magnet of the first magnetic component is aligned with a heteropolar interface of each ring magnet of the second magnetic component.

另一实施例中,该第二磁性组件相对于该第一磁性组件在轴向上偏移(shift)一距离。In another embodiment, the second magnetic component is axially shifted by a distance relative to the first magnetic component.

本发明的优点在于便利轴承的组装、消除转轴与轴承在径向上的大面积摩擦及所引起的噪音、及延长转动机械及轴承的使用寿命。The invention has the advantages of facilitating the assembly of the bearing, eliminating the large-area friction between the rotating shaft and the bearing in the radial direction and the noise caused by it, and prolonging the service life of the rotating machine and the bearing.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为一传统风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示其轴承系统。FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a conventional fan motor, showing its bearing system.

图2为一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第一实施例的实施例的磁浮轴承系统。FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a fan motor, showing the magnetic bearing system of the first embodiment of the present invention.

图3为一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第二实施例的实施例的磁浮轴承系统。3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fan motor, showing a magnetic bearing system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

图4为一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第一实施例另一实施例的磁浮轴承系统。4 is a partial sectional view of a fan motor, showing the magnetic bearing system of another embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention.

图5A为一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第三实施例一实施例的磁浮轴承系统。5A is a partial sectional view of a fan motor, showing a magnetic bearing system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

图5B为一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第三实施例另一实施例的磁浮轴承系统。5B is a partial sectional view of a fan motor, showing the magnetic bearing system of another embodiment of the third embodiment of the present invention.

图5C系一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第三实施例又一实施例的磁浮轴承系统。5C is a partial sectional view of a fan motor, showing the magnetic bearing system of the third embodiment and another embodiment of the present invention.

图5D为一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第三实施例又一实施例的磁浮轴承系统。5D is a partial sectional view of a fan motor, showing the magnetic bearing system of the third embodiment and another embodiment of the present invention.

图5E为一风扇电机的局部剖面图,显示本发明第三实施例又一实施例的磁浮轴承系统。5E is a partial cross-sectional view of a fan motor, showing the magnetic bearing system of the third embodiment and another embodiment of the present invention.

符号说明:Symbol Description:

1风扇电机1 fan motor

11转子11 rotors

111转轴111 shaft

12定子座12 stator seat

121心轴孔121 mandrel hole

13、14滚珠轴承13, 14 Ball bearings

15弹簧15 springs

16C型扣环16C type buckle

2、3、4、4a、4b磁浮轴承系统2, 3, 4, 4a, 4b Magnetic bearing system

21、31、41转子21, 31, 41 rotors

211、311、411、411a、411b转轴211, 311, 411, 411a, 411b shaft

22、32、42定子座22, 32, 42 stator seat

221、321、421心轴孔221, 321, 421 mandrel hole

23、24、33、34、43、44磁性组件23, 24, 33, 34, 43, 44 Magnetic Assembly

231、232、233、241、242、243、331、332、333、334、341、342、343、344、431、432、433、434、441、442、443、444环状磁铁231, 232, 233, 241, 242, 243, 331, 332, 333, 334, 341, 342, 343, 344, 431, 432, 433, 434, 441, 442, 443, 444 ring magnet

2311、2321、2331、2411、2421、2431、3311、3321、3331、3341、3411、3421、3431、3441、4311、4321、4331、4341、4411、4421、4431、4441异极分界面2311, 2321, 2331, 2411, 2421, 2431, 3311, 3321, 3331, 3341, 3411, 3421, 3431, 3441, 4311, 4321, 4331, 4341, 4411, 4421, 4431, 4441 Heteropolar interface

25轴衬25 bushing

26、27、35深沟止推轴承26, 27, 35 deep groove thrust bearings

28、36C型扣环28, 36C buckle

29、37垫片29, 37 spacers

100、200、300、400环状磁铁接合面100, 200, 300, 400 ring magnet joint surface

45、45a、45b、45c、45d耐磨垫45, 45a, 45b, 45c, 45d wear pads

451平面451 plane

451a、451b、451c、451d曲面451a, 451b, 451c, 451d curved surfaces

412凸曲面412 convex surface

412a平面412a plane

412b凹曲面412b concave surface

具体实施方式Detailed ways

请参见图2,依本发明第一实施例的一实施例的磁浮轴承系统2为一堆积型被动式磁浮轴承系统,系由两个磁性组件23及24所构成,用以提供轴承的径向支撑力,其中磁性组件23、24分别是由一个以上的磁性环所组成,且磁性组件23、24以同极相对的方式分设于磁浮轴承系统2的转轴211及定子座22上。磁性环例如是环状磁铁、环状永久磁铁,在本实施例中以环状磁铁为例进行说明。Please refer to Fig. 2, the magnetic bearing system 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a stacked passive magnetic bearing system, which is composed of two magnetic components 23 and 24 to provide radial support for the bearing The magnetic components 23 and 24 are respectively composed of more than one magnetic ring, and the magnetic components 23 and 24 are respectively arranged on the rotating shaft 211 and the stator base 22 of the magnetic bearing system 2 in a manner of facing each other with the same pole. The magnetic ring is, for example, a ring magnet or a ring permanent magnet. In this embodiment, a ring magnet is taken as an example for description.

具体来说,磁性组件23被固设于一风扇电机的转子21的转轴211的侧壁上,由两端极性相反的环状磁铁231、232、233以同极相接(N极与N极相接且/或S极与S极相接)的方式堆积组成。另外一磁性组件24被固设于风扇电机的定子座22的容纳转轴211的心轴孔221的侧壁上,亦由环状磁铁241、242、243以同极相接的方式堆积组成。此外,磁性组件23及24的环状磁铁呈一对一的对应,且磁性组件23及24互不接触。Specifically, the magnetic assembly 23 is fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft 211 of the rotor 21 of a fan motor, and is connected with the same pole by the ring-shaped magnets 231, 232, 233 with opposite polarities at both ends (N pole and N pole). poles are connected and/or S poles are stacked with S poles). Another magnetic component 24 is fixed on the side wall of the spindle hole 221 of the stator base 22 of the fan motor for accommodating the rotating shaft 211 , and is also composed of ring magnets 241 , 242 , 243 stacked in the same polarity. In addition, the ring magnets of the magnetic components 23 and 24 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the magnetic components 23 and 24 are not in contact with each other.

在本实施例中,各个环状磁铁231、232、233的异极分界面(即N极与S极的分界面)2311、2321、2331与对应的环状磁铁241、242、243的异极分界面2411、2421、2431对齐,而且环状磁铁接合面100、200亦与对应的环状磁铁接合面300、400对齐。换句话说,环状磁铁231、232、233所构成的N极(或S极)与对应的环状磁铁241、242、243所构成的N极(或S极)彼此正面相对。In this embodiment, the heteropolar interface of each ring magnet 231, 232, 233 (that is, the interface between the N pole and the S pole) 2311, 2321, 2331 and the different pole of the corresponding ring magnet 241, 242, 243 The interfaces 2411 , 2421 , 2431 are aligned, and the ring magnet joint surfaces 100 , 200 are also aligned with the corresponding ring magnet joint surfaces 300 , 400 . In other words, the N poles (or S poles) formed by the ring magnets 231 , 232 , 233 and the N poles (or S poles) formed by the corresponding ring magnets 241 , 242 , 243 face each other in front.

另外,本实施例的磁性组件23的各个环状磁铁231、232、233的厚度可以如图2所示均为相同,或者彼此不同(未显示),仅需满足上述磁性组件24的各个环状磁铁241、242、243的异极分界面2411、2421、2431与磁性组件23的对应环状磁铁231、232、233的异极分界面2311、2321、2331对齐的条件即可。例如磁性组件24的各个环状磁铁的厚度与对应的磁性组件23的环状磁铁的厚度相同,具体而言,环状磁铁231及241、环状磁铁232及242、环状磁铁233及243分别具有相同厚度。In addition, the thicknesses of the ring magnets 231, 232, and 233 of the magnetic assembly 23 of this embodiment can be the same as shown in FIG. The condition that the heteropolar interface 2411 , 2421 , 2431 of the magnet 241 , 242 , 243 is aligned with the heteropolar interface 2311 , 2321 , 2331 of the corresponding ring magnet 231 , 232 , 233 of the magnetic assembly 23 is sufficient. For example, the thickness of each ring magnet of the magnetic assembly 24 is the same as the thickness of the ring magnet of the corresponding magnetic assembly 23. Specifically, the ring magnets 231 and 241, the ring magnets 232 and 242, and the ring magnets 233 and 243 are respectively have the same thickness.

另一方面,请参见图4,也可以将位于心轴孔221侧壁上的磁性组件24的最外两个环状磁铁241及243的厚度略为增加而变成图4的241a及243a,而各自大于位于转轴211侧壁上的磁性组件23的对应环状磁铁231及233的厚度,以减轻轴向方向上提供支撑力的组件(如后述的止推轴承)的负载、以及补偿由于加工过程及组装过程可能产生的误差。在此情况下,环状磁铁接合面100、200与对应的环状磁铁接合面300、400仍然对齐。On the other hand, referring to FIG. 4, the thicknesses of the two outermost ring magnets 241 and 243 of the magnetic assembly 24 on the sidewall of the spindle hole 221 can also be slightly increased to become 241a and 243a in FIG. Each of them is larger than the thickness of the corresponding ring magnets 231 and 233 of the magnetic assembly 23 on the side wall of the rotating shaft 211, so as to reduce the load of the assembly (such as the thrust bearing described later) in the axial direction and compensate due to machining. Process and assembly process may produce errors. In this case, the ring magnet engagement surfaces 100, 200 and the corresponding ring magnet engagement surfaces 300, 400 are still aligned.

因此,就图2及图4所示的实施例而言,只要位于转轴侧壁上的磁性组件的各个环状磁铁异极分界面与位于心轴孔侧壁上的磁性组件的对应环状磁铁异极分界面能够对齐,或者环状磁铁接合面与对应的环状磁铁接合面能够对齐即可,而位于转轴侧壁上的磁性组件与位于心轴孔侧壁上的磁性组件的总厚度及各环状磁铁的厚度可以相同也可以不同。Therefore, with respect to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, as long as the different pole interface of each ring magnet of the magnetic assembly on the side wall of the rotating shaft and the corresponding ring magnet of the magnetic assembly on the side wall of the spindle hole The interface between different poles can be aligned, or the joint surface of the ring magnet can be aligned with the corresponding joint surface of the ring magnet, and the total thickness and The thicknesses of the ring magnets may be the same or different.

另外,依本发明第一实施例的磁浮轴承系统2还包括一轴衬(bush)25、二深沟止推轴承(thrust bearing)26及27、一C型扣环28及一垫片(shim)29,作为磁浮轴承系统2的轴向支撑组件。In addition, the magnetic bearing system 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention also includes a bush 25, two deep groove thrust bearings 26 and 27, a C-shaped buckle 28 and a shim. ) 29, as the axial support assembly of the magnetic bearing system 2.

深沟止推轴承26的下表面位于定子座22上且上表面与轴衬25邻接,轴衬25装设于转轴211上且位于磁性组件23与深沟止推轴承26之间,深沟止推轴承26在磁浮轴承系统2中提供了一轴向力来对抗磁转轴211朝向定子座22的移动,以及支撑转子21、转轴211、磁性组件23及轴衬25的重力。深沟止推轴承27装设于定子座22上,其在磁浮轴承系统2中提供了一轴向力来对抗转轴211远离定子座22的移动。此处的深沟止推轴承26及27均可以由具有止推效果的其它轴承来取代,例如是滚子止推轴承(roller thrust bearing)。The lower surface of the deep groove thrust bearing 26 is located on the stator base 22 and the upper surface is adjacent to the bushing 25. The bushing 25 is installed on the rotating shaft 211 and is located between the magnetic assembly 23 and the deep groove thrust bearing 26. The deep groove only The push bearing 26 provides an axial force in the magnetic bearing system 2 to resist the movement of the magnetic shaft 211 toward the stator base 22 and supports the gravity of the rotor 21 , the shaft 211 , the magnetic assembly 23 and the bushing 25 . The deep groove thrust bearing 27 is installed on the stator base 22 , and it provides an axial force in the magnetic bearing system 2 to resist the movement of the rotating shaft 211 away from the stator base 22 . The deep groove thrust bearings 26 and 27 here can be replaced by other bearings having a thrust effect, such as roller thrust bearings.

C型扣环28装设于转轴211上用以固定转轴211与心轴孔221之间的相对位置。垫片29装设于转轴211上且位于深沟止推轴承27及C型扣环28之间用以平均分散负载力,然而当所采用的C型扣环28厚度足以支撑深沟止推轴承27而得以将负载力平均分散的情况下,亦可将垫片29略去。The C-shaped clasp 28 is installed on the rotating shaft 211 to fix the relative position between the rotating shaft 211 and the spindle hole 221 . The spacer 29 is installed on the rotating shaft 211 and is located between the deep groove thrust bearing 27 and the C-shaped retaining ring 28 to distribute the load evenly. And under the situation that the load force can be evenly distributed, the gasket 29 can also be omitted.

另须注意的是,轴衬25的上、下表面各自与磁性组件23及深沟止推轴承26邻接,其作用在于阻断磁性组件23与深沟止推轴承26之间的磁吸力以及支撑磁性组件23。正因为如此,本实施例的轴衬25可以由采用低导磁系数的材料如金、铜、银、碳、铅或非导磁材料所制成且具一定刚性的适当支撑组件(support element)来取代。It should also be noted that the upper and lower surfaces of the bushing 25 are respectively adjacent to the magnetic assembly 23 and the deep groove thrust bearing 26, and its function is to block the magnetic attraction force and support between the magnetic assembly 23 and the deep groove thrust bearing 26. Magnetic assembly 23. Because of this, the bushing 25 of the present embodiment can be made of a material with a low magnetic permeability such as gold, copper, silver, carbon, lead or a non-magnetic material and has a certain rigid support element (support element) to replace.

请参见图3,为本发明第二实施例一实施例的磁浮轴承系统3的示意图。本实施例与第一较佳实施例的差异在于磁性组件33及34之间的配置关系以及轴向支撑组件不同。以下仅就本实施例与第一实施例的实施例的相异处进行说明,关于相似处在此不再赘述。Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of a magnetic bearing system 3 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first preferred embodiment lies in the configuration relationship between the magnetic components 33 and 34 and the axial support components. In the following, only the differences between this embodiment and the first embodiment will be described, and the similarities will not be repeated here.

在本实施例中,磁性组件33相对于磁性组件34在轴向上向上偏移一距离L。亦即,位于转轴311侧壁上的磁性组件33的环状磁铁331、332、333、334的异极分界面3311、3321、3331、3341相对于心轴孔321侧壁上的磁性组件34的环状磁铁341、342、343、344的异极分界面3411、3421、3431、3441向上偏移一距离L,俾磁性组件33及34的磁力作用在磁浮轴承系统3中为提供一向上的轴向力来阻止转轴311朝向定子座32的移动(向下移动),以及对抗磁性组件33与深沟止推轴承35之间的磁吸力及磁性组件33的重力。In this embodiment, the magnetic assembly 33 is axially offset by a distance L relative to the magnetic assembly 34 . That is, the different pole interfaces 3311, 3321, 3331, 3341 of the ring magnets 331, 332, 333, 334 of the magnetic assembly 33 on the side wall of the rotating shaft 311 are opposite to the magnetic assembly 34 on the side wall of the spindle hole 321. The heteropolar interfaces 3411, 3421, 3431, 3441 of the annular magnets 341, 342, 343, 344 are offset upward by a distance L, so that the magnetic force of the magnetic components 33 and 34 acts on the magnetic bearing system 3 to provide an upward axis. The force is used to prevent the rotation shaft 311 from moving toward the stator base 32 (downward movement), and to oppose the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic assembly 33 and the deep groove thrust bearing 35 and the gravity of the magnetic assembly 33 .

另外,本实施例的深沟止推轴承35装设于定子座32上,用以在磁浮轴承系统3中提供一轴向力来对抗转轴311远离定子座32的移动。此处的深沟止推轴承35可以由具有止推效果的其它轴承来取代,例如是滚子止推轴承。另须注意的是,本实施例的止推轴承的采用与分别位于转轴及心轴孔上的磁性组件之间的配置有关。在本实施例中,由于磁性组件33相对于磁性组件34的偏移使得磁性组件33相对在上,因此本实施例才必须搭配采用一止推方向为轴向向下的止推轴承35来防止转轴311转动时在轴向上的向上移动。然而,吾人亦可以让磁性组件34相对于磁性组件33的偏移使得磁性组件33相对在下,而使两者之间所形成的磁斥力贡献一轴向向下的作用力来防止转轴311转动时在轴向上的向上移动,且进一步依据磁性组件33及34之间的磁斥力作用情形来采用可以提供辅助止推力的止推轴承,例如一止推方向为轴向向上的止推轴承。In addition, the deep groove thrust bearing 35 of this embodiment is installed on the stator base 32 to provide an axial force in the magnetic bearing system 3 to resist the movement of the rotating shaft 311 away from the stator base 32 . The deep groove thrust bearing 35 here can be replaced by other bearings having a thrust effect, such as a roller thrust bearing. It should also be noted that the use of the thrust bearing in this embodiment is related to the arrangement between the magnetic components respectively located on the rotating shaft and the spindle hole. In this embodiment, due to the offset of the magnetic assembly 33 relative to the magnetic assembly 34, the magnetic assembly 33 is relatively upward, so this embodiment must be matched with a thrust bearing 35 whose thrust direction is axially downward to prevent The rotating shaft 311 moves upward in the axial direction when rotating. However, we can also make the magnetic component 34 offset relative to the magnetic component 33 so that the magnetic component 33 is relatively downward, so that the magnetic repulsion formed between the two contributes an axial downward force to prevent the rotating shaft 311 from rotating. To move upward in the axial direction, and further according to the magnetic repulsion between the magnetic components 33 and 34, a thrust bearing that can provide auxiliary thrust is used, such as a thrust bearing whose thrust direction is axially upward.

值得注意的是,就图3的实施例而言,只要磁性组件33及34的异极分界面在同一方向上具有足够的错位即可。在此条件下,磁性组件33、34的总厚度或各环状磁铁的厚度可以相同、部分相同或完全不同。此外,磁性组件33、34也可以由至少一个环状磁铁所构成。It should be noted that, as far as the embodiment of FIG. 3 is concerned, as long as the heteropolar interfaces of the magnetic components 33 and 34 have sufficient misalignment in the same direction. Under this condition, the total thickness of the magnetic components 33, 34 or the thickness of each ring magnet can be the same, partly the same or completely different. In addition, the magnetic components 33, 34 can also be composed of at least one ring magnet.

请参见图5A至5E,示出本发明第三实施例的磁浮轴承系统4、4a及4b的示意图。本实施例的与上述各实施例不同的是磁性组件44相对于磁性组件43在轴向上向上偏移一距离L′,且转轴末端被塑形成为一凸曲面412、一平面412a或一凹曲面412b,且利用由摩擦系数小的材料所制成的耐磨垫45、45a、45b、45c及45d与转轴411、411a及411b末端的接触来支撑转轴411、411a及411b,其中耐磨垫45、45a及45b支撑转轴411,而耐磨垫45c及45d个别支撑转轴411a及411b。Please refer to FIGS. 5A to 5E , which are schematic diagrams of magnetic bearing systems 4 , 4 a and 4 b according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiments is that the magnetic component 44 is offset upward by a distance L′ in the axial direction relative to the magnetic component 43, and the end of the rotating shaft is shaped into a convex curved surface 412, a flat surface 412a or a concave surface. Curved surface 412b, and use wear-resistant pads 45, 45a, 45b, 45c, and 45d made of materials with a small friction coefficient to contact the ends of shafts 411, 411a, and 411b to support shafts 411, 411a, and 411b, wherein the wear-resistant pads 45, 45a and 45b support the rotating shaft 411, while wear pads 45c and 45d support the rotating shafts 411a and 411b respectively.

这些与转轴411、411a、411b末端接触的耐磨垫45、45a、45b、45c及45d的表面分别被设计成为一平面451、一曲率较凸曲面412的曲率为小的曲面451a及451b、一曲率较平面412a的曲率为大的曲面451c、及一曲率较凹曲面412b的曲率为大的曲面451d,其作用在使转轴411、转轴411a及转轴411b与耐磨垫45、45a、45b、45c及45d之间的接触为点接触。另外,凸曲面412、凹曲面412b、曲面451a及451b、曲面451c及曲面451d例如是圆弧面、圆锥面、抛物面、椭圆面。The surfaces of these wear-resistant pads 45, 45a, 45b, 45c and 45d in contact with the ends of the rotating shafts 411, 411a, 411b are respectively designed as a plane 451, a curved surface 451a and 451b with a curvature smaller than that of the convex curved surface 412, a A curved surface 451c whose curvature is larger than that of the plane 412a and a curved surface 451d whose curvature is larger than that of the concave curved surface 412b are used to make the rotating shaft 411, the rotating shaft 411a and the rotating shaft 411b and the wear pads 45, 45a, 45b, 45c And the contact between 45d is a point contact. In addition, the convex curved surface 412, the concave curved surface 412b, the curved surfaces 451a and 451b, the curved surface 451c, and the curved surface 451d are, for example, an arc surface, a conical surface, a paraboloid, or an ellipse.

以下仅就本实施例与上述各实施例的相异处进行说明,关于相似之处在此不再赘述。In the following, only the differences between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiments will be described, and the similarities will not be repeated here.

在本实施例中,各个磁性组件43及44分别由两端极性相反的环状磁铁431、432、433、434、441、442、443、444以同极相接的方式堆积组成,且磁性组件44的环状磁铁与磁性组件43的环状磁铁呈一对一对应,且磁性组件43、44互不接触。In this embodiment, each magnetic assembly 43 and 44 is formed by stacking ring-shaped magnets 431, 432, 433, 434, 441, 442, 443, 444 with opposite polarities at both ends in a manner connected with the same poles, and the magnetic The ring magnet of the assembly 44 is in one-to-one correspondence with the ring magnet of the magnetic assembly 43, and the magnetic assemblies 43, 44 are not in contact with each other.

特别的是,位于心轴孔421侧壁上的磁性组件44的环状磁铁441、442、443、444的异极分界面(即N极与S极的分界面)4411、4421、4431、4441相对于转轴411侧壁上的磁性组件43的对应环状磁铁431、432、433、434的异极分界面4311、4321、4331、4341向上偏移一距离L′,俾磁性组件43及44的磁力作用产生一轴向力来对抗转轴411、411a、411b在磁浮轴承系统4中远离定子座42的移动,亦即在图5A至5E中,此磁力作用为提供一向下的轴向力来阻止转轴411、411a、411b向上移动。In particular, the heteropolar interfaces (that is, the interface between the N pole and the S pole) 4411, 4421, 4431, 4441 of the annular magnets 441, 442, 443, 444 of the magnetic assembly 44 located on the side wall of the spindle hole 421 With respect to the heteropolar interfaces 4311, 4321, 4331, 4341 of the corresponding ring magnets 431, 432, 433, 434 of the magnetic assembly 43 on the side wall of the rotating shaft 411, they are offset upward by a distance L', so that the magnetic assemblies 43 and 44 The magnetic force acts to generate an axial force to resist the movement of the rotating shafts 411, 411a, 411b in the magnetic bearing system 4 away from the stator seat 42, that is, in FIGS. 5A to 5E, the magnetic force acts to provide a downward axial force to prevent The rotating shafts 411, 411a, 411b move upward.

另外,本实施例的耐磨垫45、45a、45b、45c及45d装设于定子座42的心轴孔421底部,用以承载转轴411、411a、411b而提供一轴向力来对抗转轴411、411a、411b朝向定子座42底部的移动,以及支撑转子41、转轴411、411a、411b及磁性组件43的重力。借此方式,可进一步将上述各实施例中包括深沟止推轴承、扣环及垫片等组件的轴向支撑组件简化为一耐磨垫,而仍能提供转轴411、411a、411b足够的轴向支撑,且不必担心磁浮轴承系统4、4a、4b在运转过程中的摩擦损耗。In addition, the wear-resistant pads 45, 45a, 45b, 45c, and 45d of this embodiment are installed at the bottom of the spindle hole 421 of the stator base 42, and are used to carry the rotating shafts 411, 411a, 411b and provide an axial force against the rotating shaft 411. , 411a, 411b move towards the bottom of the stator base 42, and support the gravity of the rotor 41, the rotating shafts 411, 411a, 411b and the magnetic assembly 43. In this way, the axial support components including the deep groove thrust bearings, retaining rings and gaskets in the above embodiments can be further simplified into a wear-resistant pad, while still providing enough space for the rotating shafts 411, 411a, 411b. Axial support, and there is no need to worry about the friction loss of the magnetic bearing system 4, 4a, 4b during operation.

就图5A至5E的实施例而言,只要磁性组件43及44的异极分界面在轴向上的错位足以提供转轴411、411a、411b在轴向上的支撑即可。在此条件下,磁性组件43、44的总厚度或各环状磁铁的厚度可以相同、部分相同或完全不同。此外,磁性组件43、44也可以由至少一个环状磁铁所构成。As far as the embodiments in FIGS. 5A to 5E are concerned, it is sufficient as long as the axial misalignment of the heteropolar interfaces of the magnetic components 43 and 44 is sufficient to support the rotating shafts 411 , 411 a , 411 b in the axial direction. Under this condition, the total thickness of the magnetic components 43, 44 or the thickness of each ring magnet can be the same, partially the same or completely different. In addition, the magnetic components 43, 44 can also be composed of at least one ring magnet.

在上述各实施例中,由于磁性组件23、24或33、34或43、44均是由至少一个两端极性相反的环状磁铁所堆积组成,因此可以配置适当个数的环状磁铁,而让转轴211或311或411、411a、411b及心轴孔221或321或421之间可以产生足够的径向磁斥力来避免转轴211或311或411、411a、411b在转动时径向上的大面积接触摩擦,以及平衡转轴211或311或411、411a、411b运转时在径向上所产生的偏摆。又,本发明分别由深沟止推轴承26、27、35或耐磨垫45、45a、45b、45c及45d来提供轴向上的作用力,因此可以降低甚至于防止磁浮轴承系统2或3或4、4a、4b在运转时会发生的轴向震动。In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, since the magnetic assembly 23, 24 or 33, 34 or 43, 44 is composed of at least one annular magnet with opposite polarities at both ends, an appropriate number of annular magnets can be configured, And let the rotating shaft 211 or 311 or 411, 411a, 411b and the mandrel hole 221 or 321 or 421 can produce enough radial magnetic repulsion to avoid the rotating shaft 211 or 311 or 411, 411a, 411b in the radial direction when rotating Surface contact friction, and balance the deflection generated in the radial direction when the rotating shaft 211 or 311 or 411, 411a, 411b is running. Also, the present invention provides axial force by deep groove thrust bearings 26, 27, 35 or wear pads 45, 45a, 45b, 45c and 45d respectively, so it can reduce or even prevent magnetic bearing system 2 or 3 Or 4, 4a, 4b axial vibration that can occur during operation.

综上,本发明已利用上述各实施例来详加描述本发明各种实施例。然而,熟习该项技术者当了解的是,本发明的各个实施例在此仅为例示性而非为限制性,在不脱离本发明实质精神及范围之内,上述磁浮轴承系统的各个组件的变化例及修正例均为本发明所涵盖,本发明由所附的权利要求书加以界定。To sum up, the present invention has described various embodiments of the present invention in detail by using the above-mentioned embodiments. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Variations and amendments are covered by the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. magnetic bearing system comprises:
One rotating shaft, its end is by the moulding surface of contact that becomes;
One arbor hole is positioned on the stator seat, in order to hold this rotating shaft;
One first magnet assembly is fixedly arranged in this rotating shaft;
One second magnet assembly is fixedly arranged on the sidewall of this arbor hole; And
One supporting component, surface thereof is that point contacts with the surface of contact of this rotating shaft, resists this rotating shaft so that an axial force to be provided.
2. magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 1 system, wherein this supporting component is the made wear-resistant pad of material of a low coefficient of friction.
3. magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 1 system, wherein this surface of contact and this surface be selected from by plane, group that arc surface, conical surface, parabola, ellipsoid constituted one of them.
4. magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 1 system, wherein the curvature of this surface of contact is not equal to this surperficial curvature.
5. magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 1 system, wherein this first magnet assembly is made up of the ringshaped magnet that at least one two ends polarity opposite shaft orientation magnetizes.
6. magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 5 system, wherein this second magnet assembly is made up of the ringshaped magnet that at least one two ends polarity opposite shaft orientation magnetizes.
7. magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 6 system, wherein the ringshaped magnet of this first magnet assembly is that homopolarity is relative with the ringshaped magnet of second magnet assembly, and a heteropole separating surface of each ringshaped magnet upwards is offset a distance with respect to a heteropole separating surface of corresponding ringshaped magnet on this first magnet assembly on this second magnet assembly.
8. magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 6 system, the wherein total thickness on this first magnet assembly and this second magnet assembly or respectively thickness of this ringshaped magnet can be identical, part is identical or complete difference.
CN200410003262XA 2004-02-03 2004-02-03 Magnetic suspension bearing system Expired - Fee Related CN1651780B (en)

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CN100458198C (en) * 2006-11-21 2009-02-04 浙江大学 A Permanent Magnet Thrust Bearing with Adaptive Rotor Weight
US7847454B2 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-12-07 General Electric Company Encapsulated stator assembly and process for making
CN101350541B (en) * 2007-07-18 2011-08-31 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Motor bearing structure
GB201012249D0 (en) 2010-07-21 2010-09-08 Renishaw Plc Metrology apparatus
CN108708904A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-10-26 坎德拉(深圳)科技创新有限公司 Permanent-magnet bearing
US11224540B2 (en) 2018-07-19 2022-01-18 Alcon Inc. Radially repulsive magnetic bearing for self-aligning elements of coupled platforms
CN110185639A (en) * 2019-05-20 2019-08-30 宁波生久散热科技有限公司 Novel magnetically levitated radiator fan

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CN2419413Y (en) * 2000-04-10 2001-02-14 台达电子工业股份有限公司 Magnetic suspension bearing

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