CN1531617A - Boards for interior structure and dry construction and methods of constructing new walls of a house or furnishing an existing surface of a house - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a board for use in interior construction, especially for producing new walls in a room or for paneling wall, ceiling or roof surfaces of a room. Said board is provided on at least two opposite ends, a first and a second end, with connecting means, especially having a groove-and-tongue design, for linking the board with other boards of the same kind. The connecting means facilitate a catch, snap-in or click-in connection with an adjoining board of the same kind. Additional fastening means are provided on the board itself or on two boards linked with each other for fastening the board on a support construction. The invention also relates to a method for producing new walls of a room or for paneling already existing wall, ceiling or roof surfaces of a room. According to this method, a first board is mounted, a second board is linked with the first board by establishing a catch, snap-in or click-in connection on the adjoining lateral edges of the two boards, and the second board is secured by additional fastening means.

Description

Panels for interior structure and dry construction and method for constructing new walls of a house or decorating an existing surface of a house

technical field

The invention relates to panels for interior structure and dry construction, in particular panels for building new walls and veneers of houses or for decorating walls, ceilings or roofs of houses, and corresponding methods.

Background technique

Large format boards, such as plasterboards, secured to suitable posts are known in the field of interior construction. In dry construction, such panels are fastened to metal studs to create new partition walls. Alternatively, for the purpose of forming decorative panels, the panels may be fixed to a batten attached to the wall, or they may be fixed to a roof slope such as a beam supporting the roof. These boards are taller than a person and more than 1 meter wide. This type of board is called a "single board" and its dimensions are approximately 1.50 m x 1.00 m. In addition, there are large standard panels with dimensions such as 1.25 meters by 2.50 meters, which can usually only be handled by two people.

On the butt edges where the plates adjoin each other, it is necessary to produce transitions that are as smooth and unobtrusive as possible. For this purpose, the adjoining edges of each two plates are flattened in the adjoining region of these plates. The plates are therefore beveled at this edge to obtain a flatter flattened area at the adjoining edges of two adjoining plates. This flattened area can be filled with putty. Then, insert the fabric strips inside the damp putty. In this way, the panels are connected to each other in a tension-resistant manner, eg to prevent cracks from forming later when the panels are wallpapered.

A kind of panel is known from DE 29719986U1, which can be connected with adjacent panel parts by means of a tongue and groove joint. The groove is bounded by two so-called groove cheeks. The groove cheek on the side facing away from the relevant building has a groove for receiving the fastening device. The panels shown can be joined to the substructure by means of fixing means.

Combination structures comprising a locking member and at least two panels are known from the previously unpublished EP 1120515A1. The first panel is fixed to a substructure by means of a clip. The tenon of the second panel is inserted into the groove of the first panel and held on the base structure and relative to the first panel by a protrusion formed on the clip.

A similar device is known from WO 01/38668A1, which has also not been previously disclosed. Here, the panel position is fixed by holders fixed to the substructure. In the above two publications, the locking of the panels is carried out by means of separate locking or retaining elements, which are therefore relatively complex, inflexible and subject to large tolerances.

A panel designed for covering floors is known from DE 10001076 C1, which has a special tongue-and-groove joint capable of locking with an adjacent panel. In other words, at the time of connection at least one of the parts constituting the border of the groove is temporarily deflected and the lock is formed in such a way that at least this part moves back as far as possible and locks a protrusion provided on the tenon of the adjoining panel .

DE 20017114U1 describes a decorative panel for floors, ceiling surfaces or walls, which has a recess in its lower channel cheek, into which a fixing element such as a screw can be screwed in order to join the panel to a substructure. in the slot. Adjacent panels can be connected to a first panel fixed in this way by means of such a form fit.

A similar shape is known from JP 11350706 for panels consisting at least superficially of metal.

Contents of the invention

The task of the present invention is to provide a panel for interior construction and dry construction which can be joined to another panel of the same type in a time-saving, labor-saving and aesthetically pleasing manner for the formation of new walls or decorative surfaces. Also, provide methods for this.

First of all, this task is achieved by a panel as claimed in claim 1 .

On at least two opposite sides of the board, that is, on the first and second side, connecting means are provided, and the connecting means can realize locking with respective adjacent boards when connected to other boards of the same type. The connecting device can be arranged, for example, in the form of a tongue and groove. In particular, the connecting means are complementary on two opposite sides so that one side of a panel can be locked or interlocked connected to an opposite side of another like panel. The term "locking" in this context means that an at least temporary deflection takes place in the joint zone and especially on one of the relevant parts, for example on one of the groove cheeks forming the boundary of the groove, so that a ( In a nutshell) Oversized locking protrusions are best. In other words, it is in the case of such a locking, quick-connecting or snap-in that a part is moved such that it passes the dead point, and then the part is at least partly elastically returned, so that the locking projection is securely fixed. In the connected state, parts that move in this way can still remain deflected at least slightly so that there is always a force pulling the plates closer to each other. However, it is conceivable that in the connected state there is no deflection, but at the same time separation of the connected plates from one another is prevented. With regard to the connecting devices arranged on the plate for locking, it should be emphasized that they are arranged integrally on the plate. In other words, they are formed directly in the sheet material, so that there is no need for complex additional connection means.

This type of locking has the major advantage that interior structural panels to be fastened to ceilings and/or walls can be connected to one another without visible seams and in a hitherto unknown manner. The term "no visible seam" means that, although there is a seam or joint between two adjoining panels, the seam has an imperceptible quality and small size. In particular, this seam corresponds to a well-applied wallpaper seam, so that the effect is produced that the wallpaper is particularly well-applied, or in the case of other surface types, the seam is also not easily visible. This is because the lock, quick connection or snap-fit prevents two adjoining panels from separating, so that no separate handling of the abutment points between the panels is required and a good appearance is always guaranteed.

Furthermore, in this way a connection is formed between the two plates which connects the two plates perpendicularly to the sides concerned in all directions. In other words, the two plates cannot be lifted relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to their surfaces. Furthermore, they cannot be easily separated in a direction parallel to their surface. An interlocking connection prevents this separation. The interlocking structure is effective at least for the lifetime of use, that is, as long as the panels form a partition wall or panel. However, the connecting means can be formed such that the plates are separated from each other without damage and soiling by appropriate removal of the plates and can be reused in other ways.

For building new walls or decorating existing surfaces of houses, the panel of the invention is characterized by additional fixing means on the panel itself or on two panels connected to each other, said fixing means enabling the panel to be fixed to a support structurally. In particular, these fastening means can be provided at the connection points of two plates connected to each other, so that the plates are fastened here to the support structure by means of suitable clips or adapters made of metal or plastic. As explained in detail below, these additional fastening means may be provided by fastening the panels to a support structure by suitable clips, screws or nails. Adhesion or bonding and fixing to the support structure by means of hook and loop or magnetic strips are also possible. Thus, it is advantageously ensured that not only the two panels are securely fastened, but also to the underlying supporting structure made of wood, metal or plastic. The support structure can consist, for example, of house beams, so that the panels according to the invention can replace the plasterboards which have been used hitherto. Compared to gypsum boards, the board of the invention brings clear advantages, first of all, it is much lighter than gypsum boards, ie about 30% lighter. Therefore, it can be transported and installed with little effort. Furthermore, the panels of the present invention can be easily processed eg with a wire saw or a hand-held circular saw. On the other hand, the use of the panels of the present invention, unlike the use of gypsum boards, does not involve the filling of the joints and the erasure of the filling compound. This also advantageously saves a great deal of cleaning which would normally be required when plasterboard is used. In particular, the panels of the invention are advantageously suitable for use as suspended ceilings, lightweight partition walls, veneers and roof constructions.

Note that dimensions such as 2.65 meters x 41.5 meters or 62.5 meters are currently planned for the panels of the invention. Furthermore, the so-called "short length" of the plate may have a length of about 1.3 meters and preferably 1.285 meters. The interlocking structure of the connecting means ensures that the seam between two adjoining panels is very inconspicuous, in particular not more conspicuous than the seams of adhesively bonded wallpaper. In this way, in particular, the use of pointing agents and fabric tapes, which were still required until now, can be dispensed with. This means significantly less work and guarantees a pleasing and aesthetically pleasing construction result. Furthermore, the connecting means ensure that the surfaces of the two adjoining plates are flush. If mounted separately to a support structure below the panel, it does not necessarily guarantee that the panel is at the same level and may create a stepped surface on the surface. However, the connection means formed on the plate can be produced with such precision that the surfaces of the adjoining plates rest exactly flush against each other.

Furthermore, the panels of the present invention may advantageously possess physical properties that are advantageous in terms of construction. For example, the panels are as difficult to ignite as B1 according to DIN 4102. Additionally, the F-30B rating required for single and two-parent families is available. In addition, acoustic and thermal insulation requirements can advantageously be fulfilled by means of the panels of the invention. In particular, if it is made of wood MDF, the panel of the invention can be classified as a material with few harmful substances meeting the "Blue Angel" requirements. Finally, the panels of the invention can be formed to meet various requirements for gas impermeability or diffusion resistance.

Preferred developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

An embodiment that has proven to be particularly advantageous is that the additional fixing means for fixing the panels to a support structure is formed by at least one groove which appears on the sides of the two panels when they are in the connected state. A part of a retaining clip can be accommodated in the groove in the connection area. In other words, the space for accommodating a part of a fixing clip is suitably provided in the connection area between two plates of the same type according to the invention. Thus, by means of one or several fixing clips, it is possible to fix the first mounting plate to the substructure. The fastening of the fastening clips is carried out in this area in such a way that the subsequent work of connecting the second board to the fastened first board is not hindered. As a result, the connection of several panels and their reliable connection to a support structure can advantageously be achieved seamlessly with respect to each other. A particular advantage of using fixing clips is that the panel according to the invention can be mounted removably in all directions relative to the fixing clips. In particular, a large surface decorated with several panels according to the invention can also float or "work" in a direction perpendicular to the respective joint points, so that when the panels shrink or expand, there is no seam rupture , because all board connections are able to move to some extent relative to the clips that secure the boards to the support structure.

Furthermore, in order to fasten the plate to the support structure, it proves to be advantageous to form at least one groove for receiving a part of the fastening clip. The slot extends from the edge of the panel outwards into the panel and a corresponding arm of a retaining clip can engage in this slot so that the panel is secured to the support structure.

Alternatively or in addition, very satisfactory results have been obtained with at least one recess in the edge region of the plate, which recess is intended to receive a screw head or a nail head. These grooves can be used as blind nail holes to match the heads of individual screws or nails, respectively. However, the recess can also be in the form of a slot extending a certain length along the edge of the plate, so that the number of fixing means used, ie screws or nails, can be chosen at will. In a broad sense, the grooves can also be in the form of a free space, which occurs in the area of the plate connection when the two plates are connected and is adapted to accommodate the heads of screws or nails and the "tightening" of the plates. The slightly protruding part of the clip.

In principle, any type of locking, quick-connect or snap-in connection can be used for locking between two boards of the same type. At present, however, the connection contour is preferably formed in such a way that a newly installed second plate which is placed on the installed first plate can be turned. That is, the second plate is rotated at least slightly about the abutment edge between the two plates and thereby locked.

For the above-described embodiment and an embodiment of a locking structure realized by inserting a mortise into a groove as flat as possible, the plate of the present invention is preferably such that the lower groove cheek plate or in other words is connected to the plate. The groove boundary opposite the visible side of the groove protrudes relative to the groove cheek arranged on the visible side. In this protruding area, for example, in the form of one or more grooves, additional fixing means or similar fixing means are provided for receiving screw heads and nail heads, without oblique installation around the upper groove cheeks to a certain extent Fixtures. Instead, it is possible to mount in a direction as perpendicular as possible to the plate surface in the region protruding relative to the upper groove cheek.

Furthermore, for the locking between these two plates of the same type, it is preferable to change said locking such that the two plates move relative to each other in a direction parallel to the edges interlocking with each other. As described in detail below, this creates the possibility that, in addition to the installed second board, a third board newly to be installed and connected to the first board Afterwards, it is possible to connect to the second plate at an edge perpendicular to said connecting edge by a movement parallel to said connecting edge.

In this respect, the panel of the invention, in addition to the hitherto considered first and second sides facing each other, preferably also has connection means for locking, quick-connecting or snap-in on the third and fourth sides of the rectangular panel . Thus, as already mentioned, a specific fixation and advantageously seamless joining of the panels can be achieved in all directions. Furthermore, it is possible to furnish even larger interior surfaces with many panels of the invention, for which reason the panels themselves are not overly large and are easy to handle. In this respect, as described in detail below, the connection of the third and fourth sides can be achieved by a movement that is as flat as possible or by a downward movement as much as possible perpendicular to the surface of the plate like a key.

With regard to the connection means of the panels of the invention on the third and fourth sides, it has proved to be advantageous that they have a tongue-and-groove structure, in the connected state, the tenon protrudes into the groove by 6 mm or less, preferably 4 mm or shorter. This means that a newly installed third plate only needs to move a short distance to lock the third plate to the installed second plate at the third or fourth side. This is particularly advantageous for the panels of the invention, since only a small gap remains towards the ceiling when connecting a "top" panel as a wall panel. And there is another smaller gap which is necessary to use the tool to move the third plate properly and finally, a gap like 8mm max is created which can be covered with a proper profile like acrylic or simply and nice looking Ground seals have liquids that are permanently anti-seal compounds. It is to be noted in this respect that said connection requires a short locking or quick connection distance, which is essentially independent of the previously described connection of two plates according to the invention to each other and to their underlying support structure develop. In other words, the particular advantage of such a locking, quick connecting or snap-in connection exhibiting a shorter locking or quick-connecting distance does not even have the aforementioned properties. Furthermore, this applies to all embodiments of such locking on the third and fourth sides of the panels of the invention described below.

For the grooves provided on the third and fourth sides, a cavity has, but not exclusively preferably adjoins the real groove for receiving the tenon. For this cavity, it is preferably (in cross-section) smaller than the width of the groove for receiving the tenon. In other words, it is this groove that tapers in the inner direction of the plate to form said cavity. This is used to provide two groove cheeks bounding the groove with the elasticity required to form a lock or quick connection. With this arrangement, its function can be achieved and at the same time the described short locking distance is achieved, taking this into account that the small groove depth itself is sufficient. Even in the case of shallow grooves, the voids contribute to the elasticity of the groove which is more favorable for interlocking.

Furthermore, with regard to the interlocking of the panels according to the invention on the third and fourth side, it is preferred that essentially also modifications can be made for the first and second side. Here, in the broadest sense, a groove is provided which opens in the direction of the visible side of the plate. Thus, on the opposite side, a tenon extends in the direction of the back of the plate. Thus, two adjoining plates are connected to each other by a push-button movement as perpendicular as possible to the plate surface. This connection is achieved by a linear downward movement in the direction of all four sides of the rectangular plate. Where the panels can be turned in on their first or second side, the newly installed panel can be locked on the third or fourth side where it is installed in the correct position on the installed side. On a good board, and when turning in, the tenon protruding in the direction of the back enters the groove that opens towards the top. Thus, a seamless surface can advantageously be formed with adjoining panels without the need to move a newly installed panel parallel to its first and second sides.

Furthermore, the additional fastening means according to the invention for mounting a panel on a support structure can be formed by a self-adhesive layer which is arranged at least in sections on the rear side of the panel. This self-adhesive layer can be protected until the time of installation by a film or the like, so the adhesive is only activated after the film is removed and thereafter pressed onto a supporting structure to secure the board.

Alternatively, in certain applications, it may be advantageous if the panel of the invention includes an appropriate adapter for mounting to a part or element of the support structure. It should be noted here that the support structure does not have to have separate parts for mounting panels according to the invention. However, the part cooperating with the fixing means of the plate can also be provided integrally on the support structure. For example, a clip, detailed below, may be formed on the support or base structure as an integral element, especially as a protruding profile. In this respect, it is not necessary to provide the fastening means arranged on the plate and the fastening means of the substructure cooperating therewith separately from the plate and the base structure, respectively. In any case, the invention also provides the combination of the panels according to the invention with provided fixing means, which can be mounted to the substructure or the supporting structure and integrated on this support structure, since this combination advantageously creates Possibility to create partition walls or to decorate interior surfaces of houses particularly simply.

Other preferred embodiments of the fixing means provided on the plate according to the invention are at least one groove and in particular a milled groove or at least one hole, which and a structure or a structure provided for this purpose on the base structure or support structure The components work together so that the panels of the present invention are firmly secured to the structure. For example, the milled slot may form a locking slot or several locking openings, wherein appropriate features on the base structure allow the panel of the invention to be keyed and secured to the base structure. Also possible is the mounting of an adapter on the back of the board as described in the invention eg screwing. Corresponding mating pieces can be fixed to the base structure and allow the panel of the invention to be pressed on, slid or locked.

Furthermore, the panel preferably consists at least partially of wood, especially MDF or HDF panels, or of plastic. Furthermore, the panels according to the invention can consist at least partially of modified materials with additives or additional layers. In any event, present MDF boards have a density of about 500 kg/m ³ -800 kg/m ³ , preferably about 750 kg/m ³ . In the case of the plastics for which the panels according to the invention are suitable, this density is of low value, in particular a density of about 100 kg/m ³ -150 kg/m ³ . The material allows the configuration of the contours to the required precision required for securing two adjoining panels to each other and for securing a single panel to a support structure. Furthermore, the surface texture according to the invention can be produced particularly aesthetically pleasingly on wood surfaces by pressing with melamine resin on paper or film. In this case, on the one hand the panels can be produced cheaply and on the other hand they can be fixed without difficulty. Said surfaces can advantageously be realized by means of such wood, especially as a laminate with a layer used on wood impregnated with melamine resin, for a particularly realistic simulation, as a result of which they are resistant to wear, scratches, Bump and easy to clean. Finally, the board has a high load-bearing capacity, since similar laminated panels are used eg as floor coverings, so the board can be used as a durable wall or ceiling panel without further protection after treatment. In particular, loads as large as 50 kg can be applied to the panels of the invention in terms of proper fixation. Furthermore, the preferred material, ie MDF boards, offers the advantage of being a thermal comfort material, the surface of which feels "warm" due to the material's low thermal conductivity. Thus, walls decorated with panels of the invention feel warmer than concrete, stone walls or lime/cement plaster surfaces.

With regard to the appearance of the boards according to the invention, it is advantageous that the additional fixing means are designed to be covered in the connected state of the two boards. For example, the plate can be provided with a material strip which protrudes on the edge of the plate visible from the front, so that the plate can be fastened to a supporting structure by means of nails or screws at this location.

Although, in order for two plates to be connected together securely, it is important to realize the connection interlockingly or lockingly, it is advantageous according to the invention to improve the corresponding connection means in such a way that a joint is formed between two plates connected to each other. Press fit. Thus, two adjoining panels support each other under tension without the risk of an unsightly seam forming between the two panels.

A particularly advantageous development of the panel according to the invention consists in that the panel is formed as a cladding shell or partition wall, which respectively has one or two surfaces suitable as interior surfaces of houses. Partition walls of houses can thus be constructed particularly simply. Adaptable to any form of ceiling or floor and vertical profile on which the panel can be mounted by suitable connecting means can be cited as a support or substructure within the meaning of the invention, in which case, except for two adjoining In addition to the locking joint between the panels, the panels of the invention are mounted to said support structure or substructure.

In this case, the panels according to the invention can also have a multilayer structure with an intermediate layer. Such an intermediate layer can consist, for example, of a honeycomb or hollow-body panel or comprise a compacted panel with a thickness of preferably 40 mm, which is decorated on both sides with panels according to the invention instead of the hitherto known gypsum panels. In this case, the anastomosed connection means according to the invention make the formation of partitions substantially easier than the elaborate production of partition walls by means of vertical elements and plasterboards fixed thereon according to the prior art currently possible. In this case, it is to be noted that the interlocking means can be formed on the middle layer and on at least one of the top layers present. As mentioned above, the builder can achieve fastening without the use of vertical members by means of the straps provided on the top and bottom edges, and the straps are fixed to the floor and ceiling by means of pins.

The panel according to the invention for interior construction advantageously has a surface which has the typical surface texture of wall panels produced by hand, in particular with a concave-convex surface texture. Wallpaper, plasterboard, especially fine, rough or textured plaster or surfaces produced by sealing techniques can be such handmade wall coverings on the interior building panels of the invention prefabricated in the factory. Obviously, such surfaces or panels to be formed on existing walls, eg plasterboard, must be manufactured in a number of separate construction steps. The manufacture of such wall finishes is generally associated with six operations namely filling the butt joint between two panels, leveling, priming, papering and priming, and topcoating. Furthermore, this creates a substantial amount of contamination and requires cleaning of a large and varied variety of materials. All these six operations mentioned above as well as cleaning and cleaning can be saved by using the panel of the present invention.

This is because such a surface texture is advantageously already provided on the board. In order to build a partition wall or paneling with the proper appearance, it is only necessary to install a few panels so that they abut one another. No special caulking, plastering or operations related to papering and painting are required after work. These six operations cited can be omitted, saving overall time when constructing the interior structure or dry building, and only occupying the house for 2-3 days.

In addition, it is to be noted that the surface of the panel of the invention can advantageously be made to be painted with ordinary paint or with a wallpaper or tile finish. Thus, if necessary, various colors or surface decorations can be painted later, if the user so desires, as is common with handmade wallpaper coverings. Compared with the traditional method, the use of the board provided with a base film according to the present invention still omits four operations, namely caulking, leveling, priming and priming. Alternatively, the panels of the invention may consist of the aforementioned materials, especially MDF panels, and may be modified or coated with an adhesive or adhesion layer, so that the panels may be coated using the previously mentioned operations. Furthermore, the panel according to the invention can also be bare, in which case it can be provided with a coating or application layer. All possible textures commonly used in house interiors can be used as surface textures that can be provided on panels according to the invention. For example, an appearance comparable to plaster walls can be created by a proper texture. Furthermore, textures known by the wallpaper can be provided. For example, a coarse fiber appearance can be produced. Also known as wallpapers are fiberglass bases, which essentially consist of coarser fabrics. In this respect, it is also possible to provide the resulting texture on the surface of the panels of the invention. The same applies to fiberglass meshes. Regardless of the physical form of the surfaces, the internal structure is substantially simplified by the panels of the invention, the use of which makes it possible to omit a large number of steps hitherto required to form the final wall finish. Furthermore, tiled surfaces may be cited as hand-made surfaces imitated by the panels of the invention.

A particularly attractive appearance of the panel according to the invention is achieved if the exterior has a color that also corresponds to a handmade color. In this respect, irregular colors such as those produced when using rags, rollers or sea-coating techniques are especially contemplated. In other words, the color of the interior walls, which is expensively produced by hand in this way, can be replaced by a color correspondingly applied to the panels according to the invention in the factory. Paneling of partition walls or interior surfaces of houses thus involves substantially less outlay for the user, and is advantageous in particular with regard to installation time and costs and less pollution. Furthermore, the color of the board surface according to the invention making up the visible surface can correspond to the appearance of wood or plywood, and to stone, tiles or so-called dreamy decorative touches belonging to any design. Furthermore, the visible surfaces of the panels according to the invention can be equipped with native wood plywood. Additionally, the materials and surface coatings may vary. In particular, the panels of the invention may be provided with any suitable coating as a surface. A cork or plastic surface, natural or artificial stone, coated cement, flowstone, possibly with aggregate or additives may be cited as examples.

With regard to the appearance of the panels according to the invention, especially of several adjoining panels, it is advantageous if the surface texture is irregular over the entire surface of at least one panel and preferably on the surfaces of several panels of the same type. From this, it can be considered that the surface of the panel according to the invention cannot be produced merely by iteratively adding surface textures of particularly small scale. This results in a "repeating pattern" type of appearance recognizable to even an inexperienced observer. In contrast to this, with the panels of the invention it is preferred that the surface texture is irregular over at least the entire surface of the panel and thus repeats at most on an adjoining panel. However, the surface texture of several adjoining panels is preferably also irregular, as can be achieved, for example, by the appropriate use of large-gauge pressed panels in the manufacture of panels according to the invention, as described in detail below. In this case, the surface texture repeats after sufficiently large intervals, so the repeating pattern of indentations cannot be repeated in any way. Instead, hand-made indentations of irregular surface textures are produced. Alternatively, or in addition, the front side of the panel may also be of a different type of colour. Thus, for example, in addition to surface textures, corresponding colors such as tile patterns, wood trims or the like can be provided. However, if necessary, only the front facing design without three-dimensional decoration can be provided. In this case, the stucco design can imitate the light and shadow effects of the three-dimensional decoration or can imitate the color of the wall covering which in any case is a flat pattern like a decorative wallpaper.

With regard to the susceptibility of the boards according to the invention to contamination, it has proven to be advantageous to provide the front side of the boards with a moisture-proof surface varnish. The panel front can advantageously have a moisture-resistant surface coating or a surface sealer to produce a surface that is particularly easy to care for and can be maintained without difficulty using wet cleaning agents.

The plate may advantageously have a rectangular shape. A sealing material may be applied to a long side or a long side and a short side, thereby providing elastic support on the adjoining plates, that is, adjoining in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. In this case, slight movements, eg due to expansion of the material, in which the elastic sealing material deforms or expands, are compensated so that no clearly visible split seam can be produced between the adjoining plates. It must be noted that, as an alternative, a seam can be allowed or even protrude at this location. For example, a seam of this appearance relative to the butt appearance of the wallpaper can be allowed, so it is acceptable and creates the impression of a handmade wallpaper surface. Alternatively, the edges of the panels of the present invention may even have a beveled profile to create an accentuated seam in the adjoining area, such as a V-groove that can be filled with eg a colored grout, so the seam is emphasized and produced accordingly expected surface appearance.

Instead of the sealing material, it can be provided that the panel is provided with an adhesive in order to achieve a stronger bond with the adjacent panel and reliably prevent the seam from breaking. In order to allow the user to handle the adhesive advantageously without difficulty, it can be provided with a cover tape, which can be removed immediately before the panel is installed, or a two-component adhesive, the One component of each was coated on opposite sides of the plate. When mounting two panels in a butt joint, bonding is achieved simply by bonding the two components of the adhesive.

Although a seamless tight connection between two adjoining panels can be ensured by suitable locking profiles, in certain applications it is advantageous to join the two adjoining panels together alternatively or additionally by means of an adhesive. In this case, it is advantageous if, in the edge regions adjoining each other, adhesive pockets which are filled with adhesive in the connected state are provided.

Furthermore, in order to obtain an attractive appearance, it is advantageous to provide a protective strip and in particular a self-adhesive protective strip on the surface at least along the edge to which the adjoining panels are applied, and then, when two abutting panels are joined together, can Remove the protective tape. As a result, the board surface is protected from contamination, especially if adhesives are used.

Further user convenience is achieved by the preferred embodiment of the inventive board, especially on the back, with an insulating material which does not need to be used separately. It can be thermal and acoustic insulation. For example, sound-insulating mats or sound-insulating mats, which have favorable sound-insulating properties and thus reduce structure-borne sound, are usually only a few millimeters thick and are best used on the back of the paneling. Furthermore, in order to advantageously reduce sound transmission and to achieve thermal insulation, styropor or polyurethane insulating mats such as 60mm-80mm thick can be provided. Thus, the thermal and acoustic insulation properties of the panels of the invention can be influenced. Furthermore, generally heating or air-conditioning devices or layers for heating or air-conditioning can be arranged (preferably without limitation) on the rear side of the panel according to the invention. It can be in the form of a heating film such as a thin metal film or wire, which can be heated by passing an electric current, so that the panel of the present invention can be a heat supply source for a house. Alternatively, such a heating film is provided on the visible side of the invention under the normally provided decor paper, or as the visible side of the panels of the invention, for forming a visible "engineered floor". Thus, the heating film becomes an integral part of an interior building panel, rather than being bonded as a separate layer to the interior structural panel. It is here to be emphasized that the integration of a heating film or any heating means formed by pressing into the laminated construction at the time of lamination production is an innovation independent of the above described invention and its various embodiments. Thus, in other words, for the first time a panel has been produced by lamination with an integrated heating film or device. With regard to the heat-supplying film, it is also to be noted that it is to some extent like a current printed circuit board or substrate with a heat-dissipating metal through which current can flow and as the printing material.

For example due to changes in humidity and/or temperature, the plate or the support structure may shrink. Thus, it can advantageously be provided that the individual panels are movably placed on the support structure, ie they are not fixedly mounted, so that eg the material of the support structure itself or the panels can expand without causing deformation or bending of the panels. Conversely, superimposed plates can advantageously be fixedly connected, such as by locking or gluing as described above.

If such a fixed and gap-free connection of the plates is not provided, gaps between the plates can advantageously be compensated by the aforementioned sealing material. Therefore, maintain a flat closed surface so that the seams cannot tear apart.

However, in the context of flooring, where the individual trim pieces have a maximum width of about 30 cm, a one-man board according to the invention may have a width of more than 60 cm. For example, their dimensions may match standard wallpaper dimensions, so that, as described above, when the visible sides of the wallpaper are butted, the shape of the adjoining sides and any irregularities that occur produce the same visual effect.

A lower surface gloss such as a 2.5-5 gloss point as measured with a gloss meter (Dr. Lange, measuring angle 60°) can be assigned for the panels of the invention. This can be achieved by proper design of the laminated boards, eg by using suitable press boards. With the aid of such a press plate, laminate top layers can be stacked in a manner known per se, so that the surface structure and in particular the surface roughness can be influenced by means of such a press plate. In addition to the pressboard structure, the roughness of the board surface and thus of the laminate surface can be influenced eg by the type of paper used, the resin grade or liquid or solid additives as appropriate. Thus, for example, rougher paper can be used, or the additive can be contained or added to the resin.

This surface roughness, which is greater than that of the floor covering, not only produces a visually expected duller surface, but also provides, inter alia, better adhesion of varnishes or paints. In this case, it is possible to seal the entire surface onto individual panels or finished ceiling panels or wall trim, regardless of whether the color is decided immediately according to the manufacture of the walls and ceiling panels, or the walls are changed after a period of use Or the look of ceiling panels.

For the panels or wall and ceiling panels according to the invention it can be provided that the panels are adjusted to be breathable. For this purpose, it can be provided, for example during the manufacture of the laminate, that the decorative paper in the desired color is coated with eg melamine resin. Depending on the desired pattern, the decor paper can be imprinted with a visible or invisible substance which repels the subsequently applied melamine resin, thus breaking in these locations the airtight seal created elsewhere by the melamine resin application. Since panels in the wall or ceiling area are generally not exposed to the high humidity as in the floor area, such means of breaking the seal can be provided without adversely affecting the durability of the panels or wall and ceiling panels. In this way, breathable wall and ceiling panels are obtained.

Splitting of the seams between adjoining panels is to be avoided in order to obtain a uniform appearance over the largest possible area. Advantageously provision may be made to use adhesives and edge constructions which in turn enable locking of adjoining panels. This locking structure can be weakened so that the plates can be easily connected to each other without having to overcome excessive pressure. This is because, if an additional adhesive is used, the locking need only bring the adjoining panels together until the adhesive dries and the final connection of the two panels is assured. Thus, the use of tensioning bands is superfluous, as is known from the actual bonding of paneling elements such as on floors, resulting in an accelerated construction schedule.

Instead of platens, suitably contoured rollers can be used. If a laminated board is used as the board surface, it can be helpful to obtain the surface of the board by appropriate paper such as paper with a weight greater than the usual 70-80 g/m2 surface weight (usually used for unresin-coated base paper). Proper profile height. Furthermore, additional layers can be used as so-called "bedding layers" in order to increase the compressibility of the surface layers of the laminate and thus enable particularly good profile heights to be achieved.

The panels according to the invention can be produced particularly inexpensively in that on the one hand the different laminates of the laminated surfaces known per se and the core, eg, of wood, and of corresponding materials known per se, such as corresponding paper, are simultaneously joined to form the product. It is particularly advantageous in terms of energy and correspondingly can be produced at a pressure of about 40 kp/cm ² , so that the production of such laminates can be carried out much cheaper than the known production of HPL or CPL panels, and subsequently at much higher At a pressure of about 70 kp/cm ² , it is to be joined to the core layer and the corresponding material in the second process.

Secondly, by the method of claim 28 for building new walls of a house or for furnishing an existing surface of a house, the objects according to the invention are achieved.

Therefore, install the first board first. The second panel is then joined to the first panel in such a way that a locking joint is produced at the adjoining sides of the two panels, preferably at their longitudinal edges. Then, the second plate is fixed by means of additional fixing means. As previously mentioned, in this case the second plate is preferably fixed to a separate support structure. For the construction of new walls, in particular partition or panel walls, ceiling or roof surfaces, the method according to the invention enables the internal structure to be firmly fixed with little effort. As a result, an aesthetic appearance is also obtained since no secondary processing of the surface is required. It is also ensured that no stepped surfaces are formed at the abutment of two adjoining plates, since the locking according to the invention ensures placement on the same level.

Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention are described in the other claims.

The plates can advantageously be mounted by turning and thus interlocking. Especially in unfavorable construction positions, such as in the case of overhead construction, a free handling and quick installation of the panels is thus easily achieved and at the same time a firm connection of the connected panels is achieved. In this case, first install the first board. The tenon of the second plate is fitted obliquely to the side of the grooved first plate, and then the tenon is inserted into the groove as far as possible. The second plate is brought into the same plane as the first plate by subsequent rotation which may function as a general interlock. Of course, it is also possible in principle to reverse the mounting procedure, where the groove of the second plate is placed on the tenon of the first plate and then turned. It should be noted with regard to the rotation that it can be achieved around a short side and a long side of the panel of the invention. Connection to the other long or short side of the adjoining board is then achieved by simple translation or by a push-button downward movement perpendicular to the board surface, as detailed below.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the two plates are arranged in a common plane before their connection and that the two plates are connected to each other by a simple traverse. Locking can be achieved, for example, by an appropriate edge shape of the panels, which is advantageously designed to facilitate simply pushing the two panels together with as little resistance as possible, so that when pushing, the user Sufficient pressure can be exerted without difficulty over a total length of 260cm.

As described above in connection with the panels according to the invention, fastening clips and correspondingly provided grooves on the panels can be used as fastening means. Alternatively, the fixation can be achieved by a self-adhesive layer or screws or nails suitably combined with grooves provided in the plate.

Furthermore, within the scope of the method according to the invention, it is advantageous to install a third plate behind the first and second plate, which is connected to the first and second plate by means of a lock, quick connection or snap connection. on the second board. Thus, it is not only possible to connect the panels according to the invention continuously to one another in a particular direction; however, larger surfaces can also be decorated with panels according to the invention, in which not individual panels but a number of panels in rows are arranged side by side. The above-mentioned second and third plates form a row generally next to the first plate concerned.

Here, for some occasions, it is advantageous for the third plate to be joined to the second plate by rotation, wherein appropriate connection shapes at the adjoining edges between the second and third plates coincide with each other.

Furthermore, for other applications, the third plate is moved at least slightly parallel to the connection edge to the first plate for the purpose of being attached to the second plate. This movement is preferably over a shorter distance as described above in connection with the actual board of the present invention, such as 6 mm or less and preferably 4 mm or less.

As an alternative to connection by means of flat locking or snap-fitting, the connection of the third plate to the second plate is carried out to a certain extent at the same time as the connection of the third plate to the first plate, in which case the third plate is connected to the second plate The butt edge of the connection is lowered substantially perpendicularly to the plate surface, so that in this region a suitable interlocking form fits. This movement is referred to above as a "key press" movement.

As a further option it can be provided that a greater holding and locking force of the adjoining panels can be obtained by means of an appropriate edge shape, so that in this case the panel does not slip simultaneously over its total length of 260 cm Instead, the two panels are first aligned in a common plane but inclined relative to each other, creating a V-shaped gap between the two panels. This gap can be closed by rotation of the second plate, as a result, then only discontinuous points of contact occur here, ie where greater forces have to be applied due to the interlocking of the two plates. Due to the discontinuous contact between the two plates, a roughly zip-like connection of the two plates is produced, so that the closing force of the two plates is then only applied in the corresponding discontinuous area. In this way, the mounting of the plate is simplified and the forces to be applied are reduced, while at the same time a high holding force can be ensured.

At two opposite sides of the panel, such as two longitudinal edges, the above-mentioned installation work can be carried out. If the tongue-and-groove structure is also provided on the other two sides, i.e. on the two ends, it can advantageously be designed to allow only the sliding of the two plates, so that the above-mentioned second plate first meets the first on the common longitudinal edge. The plates are connected and then connected to a third plate on the common end edge by longitudinal movement.

If the plate has profiled edges, this can be produced directly from the plate itself, for example milled. However, it can also be provided that special profile strips are used which are attached to the edges of the actual panels. Thus, it can be provided, for example, that such a profiled strip is used inexpensively as a prefabricated semi-finished product which already has its final shape and is connected to the real board.

However, it can also be provided that a profiled strip made of a solid material is used which is better suited for forming the edge contour than a real sheet metal, for example, for better dimensional stability. In this case it can be provided that the strips are first connected to the plate and then the plate is processed by forming methods, for example by means of a milling cutter.

It can also be provided that the profiled strip is produced from a freely deformable material such as liquid plastic or plastic foam and is glued to the plate during the formation of the strip. In this case, the plate can be guided along a correspondingly shaped hollow form, which is filled with plastic or plastic foam and glued to the remaining plate. This material can be made to adhere tightly to the board, especially where the board is porous, such as in the form of wood, when appropriate pressure is applied, such as by expansion of plastic foam. It may possibly be provided that such a strip is formed as a semi-finished product onto the actual plate and that the semi-finished product is given the desired shape in a second processing operation, for example by milling.

Where the panel covering material is secured to a support structure by suitable means such as clips, screws or nails, it is particularly advantageous that the panels allow direct connection of adjacent panels by panels or intermediate adhesives or sealants , so that a particularly consistent and continuous construction of the wall or ceiling panel can be achieved, as can be done and known when it comes to paper or plastic.

Description of drawings

Below, illustrate embodiment of the present invention in more detail by example and accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figures 1-8 respectively show cross-sectional views of the connecting regions of two plates connected to each other in the first and second side regions;

Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the embodiment shown in Figure 8; and

Figures 10-14 show cross-sectional views of connection areas in the third and fourth side areas of two plates connected to each other, respectively.

Detailed ways

In the schematic diagram of FIG. 1 , 1 designates two internal structural plates of the same type, one of which 1 has a groove 2 and the other plate 1 has a tenon 3 which projects into the groove 2 of the adjacent plate 1 . The tongue-and-groove joint secures the two panels 1 against forces acting transversely to the plane of the panels and forcing the panels to lift from the supporting structure. In the opposite direction, the plate 1 is held in place by bearing on a support structure not shown in FIG. 1 . It should be noted here that, for the embodiment shown in Figure 1 and all the embodiments to be described below, the surface of the board 1 of the present invention, which is the upper surface shown in Figure 1, is the so-called visible surface, and this surface is set Used to face indoors. It can be seen on the visible side where the two adjoining panels have no perceptible seam at the contact surface 7 . In all other figures, the visible surface is correspondingly formed by the surface shown as the lower surface.

The plates 1 are held in place by a contact surface 4 against the forces which separate the plates 1 from one another and which act transversely to the long sides of the plates. Along this contact surface 4 , a rib 5 formed under the tenon 3 abuts against the side wall of the positioning groove 6 , thereby realizing the interlocking of the two plates 1 .

The force acting opposite to this separating force and trying to move the two panels 1 relative to each other is taken up by a contact surface 7 on which the two panels 1 rest against each other and from the front, that is, from the two panels facing the interior. The 1 surface extends rearwardly towards the support structure.

In the installed state shown in FIG. 1 , where the two panels 1 form part of a wall or ceiling finish, four contact locations 8 a - 8 d are produced, of which the contact location 8 c is identical to the contact surface 4 . Through these four linear or flat contact points 8a-8d, the two plates 1 are fixed against the separating force or bending force, so that the two plates 1 can only move longitudinally relative to each other in parallel, without having to overcome forces other than frictional forces. Additional retention. In particular, the cross-sectional shape of the edges of the plate 1 which are to be interlocked with one another is formed in such a way that four defined contact points 8 a - 8 d result. In this case, two separate contact locations 8 c and 8 d are formed in the front area of the groove cheek with the positioning groove 6 . The contact locations 8d are used to precisely position the plate in a direction perpendicular to its surface. Likewise, the contact position 8c is used for precise positioning in a direction parallel to the surface. In this case, the distance measured parallel to the plate surface between the abutment edge 7 and the inner wing of the rib 5 (right in FIG. 1 ) may be greater than the distance between the abutment edge 7 and the point of contact 8c in the positioning groove 6. The distance between them, so that an interference fit is advantageously created here. In addition, the transition between the positioning groove 6 and the front edge of the respective groove cheek is rounded with a comparatively large radius, so that the rib 5 engages neatly but perceptibly in the positioning groove 6 .

Figure 1 shows the connection of two boards 1 without glue. However, if the two panels 1 are to be permanently connected in the form of a sealed joint, a groove 9 on the tenon 3 and below the upper contact surface 7 can serve as a groove for excess glue.

The plate 1 is put in place by turning and thus locked. In this case, first the left plate 1 is installed as the slot 2 can be seen therein. The tenon 3 of the second plate 1 is fitted obliquely onto the side of the first plate 1, the tenon 3 being inserted into the groove 2 as deep as possible. This is simplified because the groove 2 has a top edge 10 which rises gradually towards the mouth of the groove 2 and thereby forms an insertion groove 11 as shown in particular in FIG. 1 .

Likewise, the tenon 3 has an underside 12 inclined towards its free end, that is to say has a rising trend, so that the right plate 1 in its above-mentioned inclined position can be inserted into the groove 2 as deeply as possible. This insertion is limited on the one hand by the contact of the tenon 3 with the upper and lower boundaries of the groove 2 and on the other hand by the contact of the two plates 1 in the region of their upper contact surfaces 7 . Subsequent rotation of the right plate 1 causes the tenon 3 to be fully inserted into the groove 2 and locked on the contact surface 4 as shown in FIG. 1 . Furthermore, with regard to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the entire disclosure of WO 01/51733 becomes the subject of the present application.

Figure 2 shows a second embodiment with a substantially similar shape of the interlocking edges of the two plates 1, but here the geometry causes the two plates 1 to interlock slightly weaker. In view of the much larger dimensions of the internal structural panels and the correspondingly longer panel edges than a standard floor, a weaker locking resistance can advantageously be provided, thereby simplifying the installation of the panels. Optionally, different edge shapes can also be provided at different points on the periphery of the plate, for example in the case of a plate with a rectangular shape, the edge shape of the longitudinal sides differs from the edge shape of the distal sides. It should be noted that the tongue-and-groove configuration is designed with recognizable positioning ribs on the side of the tenon 3 facing the supporting structure and with grooves in the corresponding groove cheeks, so that the connection can be made by moving as flat as possible. Two adjacent plates. In other words, the plate on the left in FIG. 2 is attached first by means of the fastening clip 16 . It is noted that, although not shown in the figures, the retaining clip 16 is clearly secured to the support structure. This can advantageously be done by eg grub screws which do not protrude beyond the surface of the clip and thus do not interfere with the mounting of the board of the invention. Alternatively, a different type of screw head could be accommodated in the space shown between the web 18 and the edge of the plate. After attaching the first panel on the left in FIG. 2 , the second panel on the right is side-mounted and placed on the support structure. The movement parallel to the plate surface causes the tenon to enter the groove and achieves locking by the interaction between the positioning rib and the receiving groove for the positioning rib.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 a seal is provided in the region of the contact surface 7 between the two plates 1 . For this purpose, an additional strip of sealing material 14, such as a silicone strip, is used, which can be sprayed onto one of the panels 1 in the factory or applied to one of the panels 1 by the user for quick installation purposes. plate 1.

The two plates 1 are fastened to a schematically shown support structure 15 by means of fastening clips 16 . The support structure 15 consists of a base plate 17 which can be glued, nailed, screwed or similarly connected to the support structure 15 . A web 18 extends from the base plate 17 and an oblique arm 19 projects from the web into a groove 20 in the left-hand plate 1 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the fixing clip 16 has a wider bottom plate 17 . This bottom plate, like the remainder of the retaining clip 16 , can extend a certain distance in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the projection in FIG. 2 , resulting in a completely strip-shaped retaining clip 16 . In the example shown, the web 18 extends as far as possible perpendicular to the base plate 17 , and the oblique arm 19 in turn extends perpendicularly to the web 18 and then as far as possible parallel to the base plate 17 . However, the angled arms 19 can also extend at an angle, so that together with a correspondingly oriented groove 20 in the plate 1 a certain clamping effect is achieved. This figure shows only schematically that the plate 1 does not extend beyond the web 18 behind the groove 29 . The adjoining plates 1 support each other in the region of their contact surfaces 7, whereby an alignment of the two plates 1, eg a vertical alignment of two elongated rectangular plates, is achieved.

However, it can also be provided that the plate on the right in FIG. 2 behind the tenon 3 extends with its part behind the groove 20 or the left plate 1 with its part behind the groove 20 extends to the web 18 of the fastening clip 16, so that The board 1 is placed, and the ideal such as vertical alignment of the board 1 is ensured, and the possible skewing of the board 1 is avoided. In any case, however, it is provided that the two plates 1 do not extend as far as the web 18 , but instead leave free space which allows expansion of the plates, eg due to humidity and/or temperature differences. This allows the panel 1 to be mounted floating, allowing it to "work" according to the material's specific conditions without cracking due to tension or ripples in the wall or ceiling trim due to pressure.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment similar to that of FIG. 2 but in which the strip of sealing material 14 is absent, and the gluing of the two panels 1 is carried out by means of an adhesive 21 instead. Here, the groove 9 as a glue tank is filled with adhesive 21 . Adhesive 21 overflowing from the surface of panel 1 can be removed with a tool 22 shown schematically.

The tool 22, which may for example be a blade, is preferably used to remove the adhesive 21 after it has partially or maximally set. The tool can be, for example, a spatula, which is used to remove the adhesive 21 as long as it has not set but is still soft or slimy.

In order to prevent damage (blade) or contamination (scraper) of the surface of the plate 1 when using the tool 22, on the surface along the longitudinal edges, a self-adhesive strip 23 is installed in the factory, which can be removed after removing excess adhesive. down.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the importance of the appearance of the joint point between two panels 1 is provided by way of example. To this end, the two edges of the panel 1 are beveled and an adhesive 21 is accommodated in this V-shaped seam. However, it is also possible to use a non-bevelled edge configuration similar to FIG. 2 , in which case the adhesive 21 is provided instead of the sealing material 14 .

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the panels 1 are not interlocked, here the two panels 1 are firmly connected by means of an adhesive 21 . The adhesive 21 extends far into the edge region of the panel 1 and can already be applied at the factory, for example.

Thus, for example, a one-component adhesive can be used which is prevented from setting by means of a protective strip. After removing the protective strip, the two panels 1 can be joined together so that the adhesive can set and the two panels 1 can be joined together.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the two interacting edge portions of the two plates are each coated with an integral part of the two-component adhesive 21, so that when the two plates are connected, the adhesive reacts and activates it.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , a visible groove 24 is illustrated in the area of the contact surface 7 in order to achieve a visual texture effect of the wall and ceiling panels.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment similar to FIG. 2 but in which the plates 1 abut directly in the area of the contact surfaces 7 without an intermediate sealing material. Through this locking, in particular through the position of the contact surface 4 , a press fit is achieved between the two plates 1 , so that a firm abutment of the two plates 1 against each other in the area of the contact surface 7 is ensured.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 , a particularly inconspicuous joint can be realized between the two panels 1 , so that the wall or ceiling panel feels as one surface, just like wallpaper. The wallpapers are connected to each other.

The embodiment shown in Figures 6 and 7 basically corresponds to the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5, but in these embodiments the plate 1 is fixed on the support structure 15 without the aid of the fixing clip 16 but with the aid of screws 25, as As shown generally in FIGS. 1-7 , the screw 25 is only schematically shown. The left-hand panels 1 each have a slot flange 26 behind the slot 2 , which protrudes above the edge of the panel seen from the front, wherein the screws 25 pass through the slot flange 26 . In order to protrude out of the way of the screw head and to ensure a smooth insertion of the tenon 3 into the groove 2, the groove flange 26 is provided with a respective groove 27 which can accommodate the entire screw head or, in the shown embodiment, the screw most of the head.

The grooves 27 can be provided in a point-by-point concavity in the groove flange 26 , so that the user can be informed, for example, of the position and number of screws 25 to be used to fix the plate 1 . However, these grooves 27 can also be in the form of grooves extending over the entire length of the groove flange 26 , so that the user can choose a suitable fixing position respectively according to the design of the support structure 15 .

Common to all the illustrated embodiments is that the plate 1 is only schematically shown. Unlike this schematic, the board is preferably composed of two or more different layers or materials: first a core material such as wood, and second a surface such as a laminate, which itself may in turn be composed of different materials layer composition. In particular, the surface can have a three-dimensional structure, ie have concavities and convexities.

Likewise, the support structure 15 is shown schematically in Figures 2-7. Here, it is, for example, an aluminum profile, such as is usually used in the dry construction industry. However, the support structure 15 can also be a putty structure made of wood, or existing ceiling or wall elements, such as masonry, beams or things such as to be decorated with the panels 1 .

The structure of the embodiment shown in Figures 8 and 9 is similar to the previous embodiments. In particular, the plate 1 on the left in FIG. 8 has a groove 2 for receiving a tenon 3 provided on the plate on the right. In this case, the tenon and groove are formed differently from the previous embodiments to allow the plate on the right in FIG. 8 to be fitted to the plate on the left to turn. For this purpose, for example, the groove cheek facing the side of the house has a bevel 28 . The tenon 3 is rounded on its side facing away from the building and has a suitable surface 30 on the side facing away from the building. This surface bears on a corresponding inclined face 32 of the tank cheek located at a greater distance from the interior of the house. A positioning groove 6 is provided on this groove cheek, which has a circular transition 34 to the front side of the groove cheek. On this rounded transition part, the rib 5 protruding from the tenon is locked or clamped. Therefore, the two boards can be seamlessly connected to each other. Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , a particularly advantageous variant is realized, which is already shown in conjunction with FIG. 1 , with the placement of the two plates 1 at four defined positions. The first two contact points 8 a and 8 b are located in the frontal region of the tenon 3 , ie on the side of the tenon facing the visible surface and on the side of the tenon facing away from the visible surface, respectively. The third contact point 8c is located at the point of contact between the protruding rib 5 and the rounded transition 34 of the positioning groove 6 . However, unlike the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the fourth contact point 8 d is not located between the positioning groove 6 and the front edge 40 of the lower groove cheek. This is because there is a free space in the area for the part 19 of the fixing clip 16 . In order to limit the position of these two plates in a direction as perpendicular as possible to the plate surfaces, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. A contact position 8d is provided in the contact area between them. As mentioned above, through this contact position 8d, the position fixation in the direction perpendicular to the board surface is basically realized. By means of the contact position 8c, a seamless connection between the two plates 1 and a definition of the position in a direction parallel to the surface of the plates 1 are achieved. Especially in this case, on the plate with tenon 3, the dimension between the contact point 8c and the upper edge of the visible face of the plate is slightly larger than the circularity of the edge on the visible face of the plate with grooves and the positioning groove Corresponding dimensions between transitions 34, so there is an interference fit here. Furthermore, the arrangement of the four contact locations 8 a - 8 d is a measure independent of the use of additional fixing means such as fixing clips 16 and presents its advantages in any panel, for example also including the floor. For example, if the fourth contact position 8d for positioning in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface is set on an inclined bottom surface of the tenon 3 or on a direct contact on the tenon bottom surface, the contact point is separated from the contact position 8b, then This is of great advantage since the front end region of the lower groove cheek can be used for additional fastening measures, such as fastening by means of fastening clips 16 or fastening by means of nails.

Another feature of the embodiment shown in Figure 8 is that in the transition zone between the area completely parallel to the plate surface and including the contact position 8b and the inclined surface 30, the surface of the tenon 3 facing away from the visible surface has at least one smaller A groove 52 separates the two contact areas from each other. That is to say, the curvature of the tenon 3 on the side facing away from the visible surface does not have to coincide with the corresponding curvature on the side of the respective groove cheek. Instead, it is only necessary to achieve contact between the contact location 8 b and the two inclined surfaces 30 , 32 in order to fix the two panels in a given position.

Only after the plate on the left in FIG. 8 has been fastened to the bottom by means of one or several fixing clips 16 can the other plate on the right in FIG. 8 be installed. The fixing clip is basically equivalent to the above-mentioned fixing clip. But the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is characterized in that, on the grooved side, the plate of the invention does not have an additional groove (20; see FIG. 2 ) for receiving the portion 19 of the fixing clip. Rather, the height of the groove cheek facing away from the housing interior is matched to the free space 36 on the side of the (right) tenon plate, where there is a free space or recess 38 for receiving the part 19 of the fastening clip 16 . In addition, a suitable free space 44 is left between the front edge 40 of the groove cheek and the opposite edge 42 of the tenon plate, in which space is accommodated the web 18 of the clamp, which holds the part 19 Attached to the base plate 17 of the retaining clip 16. In this respect, additional fastening means are formed in this embodiment, ie the free space 38 , 44 is formed in the connection region of the two plates in the connected state.

FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the embodiment according to FIG. 8 . This shows the dimensions of the fastening clip 16 in the direction of the relevant connecting edge of the two panels 1 . This dimension is short, so usually several of these clips are used along an edge. The clip is fastened via the opening 46 to a support structure, eg by means of screws, so that a further plate on the left in FIG. 9 can then be mounted as described above. With regard to the fastening by means of clips, it should be noted that the subsequently installed plate moves towards the connecting edge as shown on the left in FIG. 9 , especially if the free space is selected such that the fastening clips used do not prevent this movement. This movement makes it possible to connect another third plate at the third and fourth sides (the previous embodiment only concerned the first and second sides).

In this case, the panel 1 on the left in FIG. 8 is held by parts 18 and 19 of the clamp 16 so that it can be moved in the direction of arrow A relative to the clamp. This results in a "floating" fixation to a base or a support structure, with the result that a combination of several connected panels can move relative to the clip 16 and withstand eg contraction or expansion of the panels without the visible faces of the panels appearing Risk of splitting. This effect also applies to the embodiments described in Figures 2-5. Especially in these embodiments, it must be ensured during installation that the web 18 is far enough away from the front edge 40 of a groove cheek so that it can move along arrow A in all directions. This advantageously allows movements of the order of a few millimetres. Also, in the embodiment shown in Figures 8 and 9, the larger central opening shown is in the form of a longitudinal hole, so perhaps the retaining clip itself can also move slightly relative to the support structure on which it is mounted. Alternatively, the above-mentioned advantages can be obtained because the support or base structure itself is movable. That is, the connection between several panels of the invention and the support structure or substructure is rigid. However, the decorative surface can "work" in such a way that the supporting structure or substructure and in particular the same slats or beams can be mounted movably relative to a fixed building part.

Connections at the third and fourth sides are shown in other figures. Here, the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is similar to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 , 3 , 5 and 6 in that the connection is achieved substantially by sliding in a straight line. In particular, the rib 5 formed on the side of the tenon 3 facing away from the house locks or engages with a positioning groove 6 formed on the cheek plate defining the groove 2, which also faces away from the interior of the house. A special feature of the connection shown in FIG. 10 is that the tenon 3 is relatively short and protrudes into the groove 2 only to a certain extent. The sliding distance required for locking is basically determined by the distance A between the outer edge of the tenon 3 and the front edge of the groove cheek facing the house, since the front edge of the tenon 3 needs to be moved past the Fit the front edge of the groove cheek on the second plate. Only when this has been done can the third plate be moved in the left-right direction of FIG. 10 so as to be in the installed state shown in FIG. 10 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , the length of the tenon 3 is substantially short to the size required for the tenon 3 to be reliably supported in the groove 2 . However, this allows a shorter insertion distance than known connections, which can be accomplished by flat relative movement, so that even the last or "top" panel to be installed on a wall can be removed. Attach to the existing board leaving a small gap towards the ceiling. Another noteworthy feature of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is that the bottom of the groove is inclined.

The same applies to the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, which differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 in that the groove cheek facing away from the house and in FIG. It is preferable for certain applications that the cheeks extend further and that positioning grooves 6 are provided in this area to receive the ribs 5 and achieve the same advantages as described above in connection with the embodiment of FIG. 10 .

The embodiment shown in FIG. 12 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 in that, on the one hand, the borders of the rib 5 and the positioning groove 6 are slightly hook-shaped. Another feature is that the groove 2 for receiving the tenon 3 adjoins a hollow 48 whose width (dimensioned from top to bottom as shown in FIG. 2 ) is here shorter than that of the groove 2 . But this is not absolute. Rather, the recess 48 can at least in regions have the same width as the groove 2 . Also, it can have any shape. The hollow 48 is such that the lower groove cheek extends to a certain extent to the bottom of the hollow 48 . Due to this elongated configuration, the groove cheeks can be provided with greater elasticity and possible tongue travel, which leads to particularly good deflection properties, which allow the rib 5 to move past the delimitation of the positioning groove 6 to achieve the connection. In particular in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 there is little risk of cracking at the bottom of the groove 2 or at the bottom of the cavity 48 .

This advantage also applies to the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 . Here, too, a cavity 48 adjoining the groove 2 leads to the above-mentioned advantages. In addition, the connection design of the tenon 3 and the groove 2 corresponds to the rib 5 and the positioning groove 6 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 .

Finally, FIG. 14 shows the embodiment in which a newly installed plate 1 shown on the left in FIG. 14 is connected to an installed plate 1 shown on the right in FIG. perpendicular to the board. That is to say, put the board to be newly installed on the installed first board obliquely at the first or second side, and then turn it downwards according to the connecting structure shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 . Here, the mounting is carried out in such a way that the illustrated tenon 3 , which is offset as far as possible perpendicularly from the plate surface, is roughly aligned with the groove 2 which is open towards the top surface of the plate. When lowering, the tenon 3 enters the position shown in FIG. 14 and locks there. This is achieved by the as much as possible mushroom-shaped structure of the tenon 3, which has a widened end on which in particular a locking projection 5 is formed, which corresponds to the aforementioned rib. The locking projection is accommodated in a suitable hollow 50 of the groove 2 . The connection shown in Figure 14 can also reliably and seamlessly connect several boards at the third and fourth sides. Furthermore, with regard to the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the entire content of WO 01/51733 can be made subject of the present application.

Claims (35)

1, a kind ofly be used for internal construction and especially be used for building the new wall in house or be used for the plate (1) of metope, ceiling surface or deck of decorative house, described plate comprises:

-be arranged on two relative sides on i.e. first and second sides at least and be used for connecting the linkage of other plate (1) of the same type, especially the linkage (2 of tenon groove structure form, 3), wherein linkage (2,3) can realize connecting with the interlocking of the similar template (1) of an adjacency, fast or clamping

-additional fastening devices (20,27,38,44), they be arranged on plate (1) this on one's body or two plates connected to one another (1) go up and be used for this plate (1) is fixed on the supporting construction (15).

2, plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fastening devices is by at least one groove (38,44) formed, when this two plates (1) when being in connection status, described groove is positioned at the bonding pad of these two plates (1), and at this groove (38,44) part (19,18) that can hold a geometrical clamp (16) in.

3, plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described fastening devices comprises that at least one is used for holding the groove (20) of a geometrical clamp (a 16) part (19).

4, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that described fastening devices comprises that at least one is used for holding the groove (27) of a head of screw or nail head.

5, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, described linkage is so to form, and promptly wants second plate on the new clothes can change in first plate of loading onto for one.

6, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, forms a groove cheek that points to this supporting construction (15) and limit this groove (2) with respect to one highlightedly with the groove cheek of the visible face adjacency of this plate.

7, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, described linkage is so to form on first and second sides, and promptly two phase connecting plates (1) can move relative to each other on first, second side directions.

8, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, except this linkage on first and second sides, described plate also the 3rd, also have on the four side be used for interlocking, connect or the linkage of clamping fast.

9, plate as claimed in claim 8 at least is characterized in that, the described linkage on described the 3rd, four side becomes the form of tenon and groove, and wherein the described tenon under connection status is charged into and reached 6mm or shorter and 4mm or shorter preferably in this groove.

10, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, a cavity (48) and a groove adjacency that plays this linkage effect.

11, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above, it is characterized in that, on at least one side, as this linkage be provided with a groove (2), this groove (2) is towards the plate surface opening, correspondingly opposite side is provided with a tenon (3), and this tenon (3) extends on the direction at this plate (1) back side.(Figure 14)

12, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that described plate has a self-adhesive layer at least partly on a back side.

13, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, described plate is applicable to the adapter that is installed on the supporting construction having one on the back side.

14, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that described plate comprises at least one groove as a groove milling or at least one hole, so that hold the part of this supporting construction.

15, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that this plate is made up of the improvement material of timber or plastics or above-mentioned material at least in part.

16, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, is being provided with an elaxtic seal at least a portion at the edge of this plate.

17, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that described plate so is made into facing plate or partition, and promptly it has one or two and is suitable for the surface of making indoor surface.

18, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that described plate comprises an intermediate layer, and the linkage of described locking (2,3) is formed on this intermediate layer or on one of them surface course.

19, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above, it is characterized in that, there is a surface in the front of described plate, and this surface has the surface texture on the surface made from concavo-convex typical surface texture, especially wallpaper, gypsum face or by envelope lacquer technology of hand-built wall lining plate.

20, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above, it is characterized in that, described plate has color, this color is corresponding to wood appearance or veneer outward appearance, meet stone material, ceramic tile or illusion and decorate or meet the color of manual formation, especially irregular color and the color that preferably produces by brushing, sponge or roller coating technology, or it by one by timber or veneer form the layer.

21, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, described surface texture and color perhaps are irregular on the whole surface at the similar template of polylith on the whole surface of this plate and preferably at least.

22, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, the front of described plate has a surface envelope lacquer that can stop moisture.

23, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, is being provided with an elaxtic seal at least a portion at the edge of this plate.

24, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, is being provided with an adhesive at least a portion at the edge of this plate.

25, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, is provided with a glue groove in the zone at an edge of this plate, and wherein said panel edges constitutes a docking point that engages with adjacent plate when connecting a plurality of plate.

26, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above is characterized in that, along two opposed edges, is respectively equipped with strippable boundary belt at least.

27, the described plate of one of claim at least as described above, it is characterized in that, described plate is preferably in has a heat-barrier material and/or sound insulation materials and/or heater or air-conditioner on its back side, perhaps heat supply layer or air-conditioning device layer, and one deck heat supply film especially.

28, a kind of method of building existing metope, ceiling surface or the deck of new wall in house or decorative house, wherein at first adorn lastblock first plate (1), so one second plate (1) is connected on described first plate (1) then, promptly, fix described second plate (1) by additional fastening devices then producing interlocking, connection or clamping fast on the longitudinal edge at them on the adjacent side of these two plates (1) and especially.

29, method as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, described second plate (1) is mounted obliquely within forming the scope of interlocking that described first plate (1) is gone up and moves into described first plate (1) by rotation and is positioned at wherein plane.

30, method as claimed in claim 28, it is characterized in that, described second plate (1) is installed on described first plate (1) on the plane that described first plate (1) is positioned at wherein in the scope that forms interlocking, subsequently, by average as far as possible moving and formation connection on the adjacent side edge of these two plates (1).

31, as the described method of one of claim 28-30, it is characterized in that, as fastening devices, use at least one geometrical clamp (16) and use at least one part that is used for holding this geometrical clamp (16) (19) groove (20) and/or use a plurality of screws or nail and at least one to be used for holding the groove (27) of this head of screw and nail head.

32, as the described method of one of claim 28-31, it is characterized in that, after one first plate and one second plate, lastblock the 3rd plate is installed, the 3rd plate form interlocking, fast connect or the situation of clamping under link to each other with second plate with described first plate.

33, method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, described the 3rd plate links to each other with described first plate by changing over to.

As claim 32 or 33 described methods, it is characterized in that 34, described the 3rd plate is parallel to it at least slightly and moves with the connection border district that described first plate links to each other, so that it links to each other with described second plate.

As claim 32 or 33 described methods, it is characterized in that 35, described the 3rd plate is by the descending motion carried out outwardly perpendicular to the 3rd plate as far as possible and link to each other with described second plate.

Images