CN1521419A - Rotary work type one-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising: an outer ring with a cylindrical inner peripheral surface; an inner ring with a cam surface formed thereon; a rolling member with a moment; a bias spring for biasing the rolling member; and a gravity member for pushing the rolling member toward the engagement direction when the biasing force of the biasing spring is resisted by centrifugal force; wherein the outer ring and the inner A cage is arranged between the rings for accommodating rolling parts, gravity parts and biasing springs, and the cage is also provided with an action surface of the gravity part for guiding the movement of the gravity part.

Description

Rotary work type one-way clutch

technical field

The present invention relates to a rotary working type one-way clutch for an automatic motorcycle or snowmobile and also functions as a one-way clutch when the number of revolutions is greater than a predetermined value.

Background technique

In general, a one-way clutch includes outer and inner rings that rotate relative to each other and are designed to transmit torque in only one direction by engaging retaining rings or rollers that The torque is transmitted between the outer ring and the inner ring, a cam surface is provided on the guide rail surface of the outer ring or the inner ring, and idle rotation is performed in the opposite direction.

Among such one-way clutches, it is known that the rollers of the one-way clutch are arranged in notches (recesses) provided in the inner ring or the outer ring, and the rotation is locked by wedging according to the direction of rotation, said Wedging is achieved by engaging the rollers with wedges within the recess.

For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-8019 (1978) discloses a device in which rollers are placed in recesses provided in an outer ring, and when the outer ring rotates clockwise, the rollers Locked in the recess by wedging action, locking the rotation of the outer ring relative to the inner ring.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-100045 (1977) discloses a device in which a roller and an auxiliary roller are placed between an outer ring and an input coupling so that if the number of revolutions is greater than At a predetermined value, the auxiliary roller will be pushed onto the roller by centrifugal force. In this case, when the urging force causes a rotational movement in a predetermined direction, the rollers can be locked by wedging, thereby realizing the function of a one-way clutch.

The device disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-8019 is a conventional or standard one-way clutch using rollers, and the device is not designed to achieve locking by the number of revolutions.

In addition, the device disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-100045 realizes locking by the number of revolutions. However, since the extended hole for determining the working range of the auxiliary roller is provided in a member different from the outer ring, it is difficult to obtain the desired dimensional accuracy of the equipment, and the number of parts is also increased. Furthermore, since there is a fear that the auxiliary rollers will be caught by the extension holes, a flat plate for pushing the rollers or a clamping transmission member is provided, thereby requiring a spring installation space, thereby limiting the reduction in the diameter of the device .

Furthermore, in a cage in which a coil spring is used as the roller bias spring, it is difficult to adjust the spring constant of the coil spring to a small value in a limited space, and the coil spring may be more expensive than a folded spring.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary operation type one-way clutch, the number of parts of which can be reduced, the price is low, the spring constant can be set to a small value, and the desired dimensional accuracy can be easily achieved, and the gravity part can be freed. Blocked, and the design can be realized in a limited space.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising an outer ring with a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, an inner ring with a cam surface formed thereon, and an inner ring for connecting the outer ring and the inner ring. The rolling elements that transmit torque between them, a bias spring for biasing the rolling elements, and a gravity element for pushing the rolling elements toward engagement while resisting the biasing force of the bias spring by centrifugal force, and Wherein, a cage is provided between the outer ring and the inner ring for accommodating rolling parts, gravity parts and bias springs, and the cage is provided with an action surface of the gravity part for guiding the movement of the gravity part.

In addition, the present invention provides a rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising an outer ring having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, an inner ring having a cam surface formed thereon, and an inner ring for transmission between the outer ring and the inner ring. rolling elements of torque, a bias spring for biasing the rolling elements, and a gravity element for urging the rolling elements toward engagement while resisting the biasing force of the biasing springs by centrifugal force, and wherein A recess is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the ring for partially accommodating the gravity member.

In addition, the present invention provides a rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising an outer ring having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, an inner ring having a cam surface formed thereon, and an inner ring for transmission between the outer ring and the inner ring. The rolling member of torque, a bias spring for biasing the rolling member, and a gravity member for urging the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force. And wherein, a cage for accommodating rolling parts, gravity parts and bias springs is provided between the outer ring and the inner ring, or a side plate is provided to limit the axial movement of the rolling parts, and the cage or side plate is set There is an axial through hole.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising an outer ring having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, an inner ring with a cam surface formed thereon, and an inner ring for connecting the outer ring and the inner ring Torque-transmitting rolling elements, a bias spring for biasing the rolling elements, and a gravity element for urging the rolling elements in an engaging direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force. And wherein, the gravity member is in linear contact with the inner ring.

According to the present invention described above, the following effects can be achieved.

Since the bias spring biases the rolling member relative to the cam face in the non-engagement direction, and a weight member is provided for biasing the rolling member relative to the cam face toward the engaging direction while resisting the biasing force of the bias spring by centrifugal force Therefore, the number of parts of this rotary working type one-way clutch can be reduced, the price is low, its spring constant can be adjusted to a small value, it is easy to achieve the desired dimensional accuracy, the gravity part can not be stuck, and the The design scheme can be realized in a limited space.

In addition, the present invention can also achieve the following special effects.

According to the present invention, the gravity component can realize smooth operation. In addition, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. For example, in the case where a notch portion is provided in the inner ring, although the portion corresponding to the notch portion must be removed by grinding, cutting and/or wire cutting, since the portion corresponding to the notch portion The part volume is large, so the running time becomes very long and is prone to deformation caused by heat treatment. In addition, the range of high accuracy required for the cam surface can be reduced. In addition, a larger gravity component can be accommodated, and the lubricating ability of the one-way clutch can be improved. Also, the operation can be more convenient, and the production capacity can be improved.

The device of the invention eliminates additional movements of the rolling elements in the non-working state. The operation can be more convenient, and the production capacity can be improved. The strength of the cage can be balanced.

In this specification, the term "rotation-operating type" means that the one-way clutch can indeed realize its function within a range of rotation speeds greater than a predetermined number of rotations. However, the one-way clutch can also perform its function in a low rotational speed range and/or a rotational speed range less than a predetermined number of revolutions. In addition, the "predetermined number of revolutions" can be determined by itself according to the mass of the gravity component, the distance between the gravity component and the center of the inner ring, and the inclination angle of the action surface of the gravity component.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a rotary operation type one-way clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of a notch viewed from the outer diameter side of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the rotary working type one-way clutch according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a view of rollers and gravity components in a non-rotating state and during low-speed rotation in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a view of the rollers and gravity components in the running state (joined state) in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a front view of a rotary working type one-way clutch according to the second specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is an axial sectional view of a rotary working one-way clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a view of rollers and gravity components in a non-rotating state and during low-speed rotation in the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a view of the rollers and gravity components in the running state (joined state) in the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is an expanded view of the cage (first plate) in the second specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is an expanded view of the cage (second plate) in the second specific embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a schematic view of a notch portion viewed from the outer diameter side of a second embodiment of the present invention; and

Fig. 13 is a front view of the attached part of the folded spring in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figures, the same parts are marked with the same reference numerals.

(first specific embodiment)

First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be explained. FIG. 1 shows a front view of a rotary operation type one-way clutch 30 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an outline of a notch viewed from the outer diameter side of the first embodiment. picture.

Roller 37, weight member (weight member) 38 and folding shape spring (accordionspring) 35 constitute a part of one-way clutch, they are accommodated and are held in the window portion 43 that is provided with in cage 32 (referring to Fig. 2 and 4).

A generally ring-shaped cage 32 placed between the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2 is a cage body, and a generally ring-shaped support plate 34 is provided at the axial end of the cage 32 . The support plate 34 is fixed to the holder 32 via the holder connecting portion 33 .

On each window portion 43 equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cage 32, there is accommodated a folded spring 35 for biasing the roller 37 from the outer ring 3 side, for A roller 37 for transmitting torque, and a weight member 38 for acting on the roller 37 to push the roller 37 in the direction of engagement. When the weight member 38 is not acting on the rollers, a part of the weight member 38 is accommodated in the recessed portion 31 provided in the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2 . The radius of the arc drawn along the bottom surface of the recessed portion 31 is larger than the radius of the gravity member 38 , and the gravity member 38 comes into contact with the recessed portion 31 along a straight line. With this arrangement, the gravity member is not caught by the recessed portion 31, and moves smoothly, thus improving the operation performance of the device.

Recesses 36 each having a downturned U-shaped radial section are provided in the cage 32, and one end of the folded spring 35 opposite to the end for biasing the roller 37 of the folded spring 35 is provided. Fits in and is retained by the recess 36 (see Figure 4).

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the window portion 43 of the cage 32 is formed by axially drilling into the cage 32 while leaving a wall portion. The axially open end of the window portion 43 is closed by the support plate 34 . Therefore, the folded spring 35, the roller 37, and the gravity member 38 housed in the window portion 43 are held in the axial direction by the wall surface of the cage 32 and the support plate 34, and are held in the radial direction by the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2. held so that these components cannot be removed from the window portion 43.

FIG. 3 shows an axial sectional view of the rotary operation type one-way clutch 30 . It can be seen that the support plate 34 is fixed on the cage 32 through the cage connecting portion 33 . Furthermore, it can be seen that the rollers 37 are axially supported with a small gap between the wall of the cage 32 and the bearing plate 34 .

Next, the operation of the rotary operation type one-way clutch 30 of the first embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 . Fig. 4 shows the view of the rollers and weight members in the non-rotating state and during low speed rotation in the first embodiment, while Fig. 5 shows the rollers and weight members in operation in the first embodiment View in state (engaged state).

The arrangement of the first embodiment will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 4 . The cage 32 includes a plurality of protrusions 44 fitted into multi-dry grooves 45 provided in the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2 and arranged equidistantly along its circumferential direction. Since the protrusion 44 is fitted into the groove 45, the cage 32 and the inner ring 2 cannot rotate relative to each other.

The gravity member acting surface 40 is formed on one of the side surfaces of the window portion 43 of the holder 32 . When the gravity member 38 is acted by centrifugal force, the gravity member moves toward the outer diameter side along the gravity member acting surface to contact and push the roller 37, so that the roller 37 moves to the engagement position. In addition, a roller locking portion (rolling member locking portion) 42 for limiting the working range of the roller 37 toward the gravity member 38 is provided on the outer diameter side. In the specific embodiment shown in the figure, although the gravity member action surface 40 and the roller locking portion 42 are provided continuously, they do not need to be provided continuously.

At a certain position in the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2 opposite to the gravity component action surface 40 and the roller locking portion 42 of the cage 32, a recessed portion 31 for partially accommodating the gravity component 38 is provided, and the cam surface 47 acts as a roller lock. The torque transmitting surface of the sub 37 is formed adjacent to the recessed portion 31 . In the illustrated embodiment, although the recessed portion and the cam surface 47 are provided continuously, they do not need to be provided continuously.

The reason why the recess 31 partially accommodates the gravity member 38 is to minimize the working range of the gravity member 38 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , in the non-rotating state and during low-speed rotation (range), the gravity member 38 is located on the inner diameter side of the recessed portion, and the roller 37 is pushed onto the roller lock portion 42 by the bellows spring 35 . Thereafter, the inner ring 2 is turned. When the rotation speed of the inner ring reaches a high speed greater than a predetermined number of rotations, the gravity member 38 acting on the centrifugal force is moved to the outer diameter side, thereby moving the roller 37 to the engagement position of the cam surface 47 . In this case, torque is transmitted when the inner ring 2 rotates counterclockwise in a leading manner relative to the outer ring 3 . Figure 5 illustrates this operation.

(second specific embodiment)

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 13 . In the second embodiment, the positional relationship among the gravity member 38, the roller 37, and the folded spring 35 and the operation of these members are basically the same as those in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the shape of the cage is substantially different from that of the first embodiment.

Next, the retainer used in the second embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11 . FIG. 10 shows a developed view of the first plate 60 of the cage 50 in the second embodiment, and FIG. 11 shows a developed view of the second plate 70 of the cage 50 in the second embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the cage 50 is formed by punching a plate-like steel plate to form the first and second plates. Figure 10 shows an expanded view of the first panel. The first plate 60 includes a plurality of projections extending radially from a generally annular body 66 . Each protruding portion is a first cylindrical portion 51 , in which an opening 62 for connecting the folded spring 35 is formed. A plurality of openings 67 connected to the notch portion or the window portion of the holder and connected to the outside are formed in the outer peripheral surface of the annular body 66 . The metal powder and impurities generated in the one-way clutch, as well as the dirt in the lubricating oil can be discharged to the outside through the opening 67 . The opening may be formed in a side plate (not shown) instead of the cage. In addition, the number of openings can be selected arbitrarily, and it is not necessary to provide multiple openings.

A clamping hole 64 to be described later for connection to the second plate 70 is formed in the annular body 66 . Furthermore, two engagement projections 65 for fixing the cage 50 to the inner ring 2 are provided at the inner diameter side of the annular body 66 . Preferably, the protrusions, the clamping holes 64 and the engagement protrusions 65 are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction. The engagement protrusion 65 is installed in the groove 54 of the inner ring 2 to fix the whole cage on the inner ring 2 .

FIG. 11 shows an expanded view of the second plate 70 . The second plate 70 includes a plurality of projections extending radially from a generally annular body 75 . Each protrusion includes a second cylindrical portion 72 and a caulking projection 71, and a gravity member acting surface 52 (described below) is formed between the second cylindrical portion 72 and the protrusion 71 between.

Two engagement projections 74 for fixing the cage 51 to the inner ring 2 are provided on the inner diameter side of the annular body 75 . Preferably, the protrusions are arranged equidistantly from the engagement protrusions 74 in the circumferential direction. The cage 50 of the second embodiment (refer to FIGS. 6 and 7 ) is obtained by bending the first plate 60 and the second plate 70 into a desired shape, and then joining them together.

Next, a rotary operation type one-way clutch 80 of a second embodiment will be fully explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 13 . Fig. 6 shows the front view of the rotary working type one-way clutch 80 of the second specific embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 7 shows the axial sectional view of the rotary working type one-way clutch 80 of the second specific embodiment; , Fig. 8 shows the views of the rollers and the weight parts in the non-rotating state and during low speed rotation in the second embodiment, and Fig. 9 shows the rollers and the weight parts in the second embodiment View in operating state (engaged state).

In FIG. 6, the cam surface 47 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the working surface for the gravity member 38 is formed in a protrusion provided on the first or second plate, said first or second The plates constitute the cage 50 .

The cage 50 is formed by the connecting portion 53 by fitting the caulking protrusion 71 of the second plate 70 into the clamping hole 64 of the first plate 60 and performing caulking. The protruding portion of the second plate 70 is bent to a position on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3, thereby forming the gravity member acting surface 52 at a predetermined inclination angle to the radial direction.

FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view of FIG. 6 . It can be seen that the cage 50 includes a first plate 60 and a second plate 70 .

Next, the operation of the one-way clutch 80 of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 . Its basic operation is the same as that of the first specific embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8 , in a non-rotating state and during low-speed rotation, the gravity member 38 is located on the inner diameter side of the recessed portion 31 , and the roller 37 is urged toward the non-engagement direction by the bellows spring 35 .

Thereafter, the inner ring 2 is turned. When the rotation speed of the inner ring reaches a high speed greater than a predetermined number of rotations, the gravity member 38 acting on the centrifugal force is moved to the outer diameter side along the gravity member acting surface 52 , thereby moving the roller 37 to the engagement position of the cam surface 47 . In this case, torque is transmitted when the inner ring 2 rotates counterclockwise in a leading manner relative to the outer ring 3 . Figure 9 shows this operation.

The relationship between the holder 50 and the bellows spring 35 is as follows. Fig. 12 shows a schematic view of a notch portion viewed from the outer diameter side of the second embodiment. Fig. 13 shows a front view of a folded spring appendage in the second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the end of the folded spring 35 is an adjoining portion 58 for pushing the roller 37 , and the beginning of the folded spring 35 is a connecting portion 57 . The folded spring 35 is fixed to the holder 50 by pinching the first cylindrical portion 51 by the connecting portion 57 . In addition, the folded spring 35 is also stably fixed by engaging the protrusion 56 on the connecting portion with the opening 62 .

13 shows the connection state of the connecting portion 57 of the folded spring 35, and it can be seen that the protrusion 56 provided at the end of the connecting portion 57 is fitted into the opening 62 of the first plate 60 of the holder.

The second embodiment can reduce manufacturing costs.

Incidentally, although it is considered that the gravity member may be made of steel, copper, alloy steel, aluminum or synthetic resin, when the gravity member is made of high specific gravity material such as steel, since the centrifugal force acting on the unit area becomes very Large, engagement can be achieved during low speed rotation even with compact units. In addition, the diameter of the gravity member 38 may be reduced.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, although the illustrated embodiment uses the cylindrical roller as the rolling member to be placed in the notch portion, a spherical body may also be used as the rolling member. Additionally, the gravity member could be a sphere rather than a cylindrical roller. Also, in terms of a combination of rolling elements and gravity elements, both elements may be rollers or spheres, or one of these elements may be a roller and the other may be a sphere.

In addition, in the above-mentioned specific embodiments, although a plurality of notches are provided along the circumferential direction, the number of notches can be changed according to the required maximum torque, etc., for example, four or six instead of eight can be provided. Notch. In any case, regardless of the number of notches, the notches are preferably arranged equidistantly in the circumferential direction.

In addition, in the first and second specific embodiments, although the illustrated embodiment is that the diameters of the rollers and the gravity members are substantially the same, these diameters are not necessarily the same, and can be adjusted according to the usage conditions (for example, in the effective operation state). range of revolutions) and self-adjust.

Claims (13)

1. A rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising: an outer ring having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface; an inner ring having a cam surface formed thereon; a rolling element for transmitting torque between said outer ring and said inner ring; a bias spring for biasing the rolling member; and a gravity member for urging the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force; in, A cage for accommodating the rolling member, the gravity member and the bias spring is disposed between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the cage has a gravity member for guiding the movement of the gravity member Action surface. 2. A rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising: an outer ring having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface; an inner ring having a cam surface formed thereon; a rolling element for transmitting torque between said outer ring and said inner ring; a bias spring for biasing the rolling member; and a gravity member for urging the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force; in, The inner ring is provided with a recessed portion on its outer peripheral surface for partially accommodating the gravity component. 3. A rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising: an outer ring having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface; an inner ring having a cam surface formed thereon; a rolling element for transmitting torque between said outer ring and said inner ring; a bias spring for biasing the rolling member; and a gravity member for urging the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force; in, A cage for accommodating the rolling member, the gravity member and the bias spring, or a side plate for restricting the axial movement of the rolling member, the gravity member and the bias spring Between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the cage or the side plate is provided with an axial through hole. 4. A rotary working type one-way clutch, comprising: an outer ring having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface; an inner ring having a cam surface formed thereon; a rolling element for transmitting torque between said outer ring and said inner ring; a bias spring for biasing the rolling member; and a gravity member for urging the rolling member toward the engagement direction while resisting the biasing force of the biasing spring by centrifugal force; in, The gravity member is in linear contact with the inner ring. 5. The rotary operation type one-way clutch according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a cage for accommodating the rolling member, the gravity member and the biasing spring is arranged on the outer ring and the inner ring, and the cage is provided with a gravitational component acting surface for guiding the gravitational component to move. 6. The rotary operation type one-way clutch according to claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein a recess for partially accommodating said gravity member is provided on the outer peripheral surface of said inner ring. 7. The rotary operation type one-way clutch according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that, a cage for accommodating said rolling member, said gravity member and said biasing spring, or a cage for limiting The rolling part, the gravity part and the side plate for the axial movement of the biasing spring are arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the cage or the side plate is provided with an axial through hole. 8. The rotary operation type one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said gravity member is in linear contact with said inner ring. 9. The rotary working type one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that the cage is formed by bending a metal plate. 10. The rotary operation type one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that said cage is provided with a rolling member locking portion for limiting the working range of said rolling member. 11. The rotary working type one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that, the cage is provided with a through hole. 12. A rotary operating one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 or 3, wherein said cage comprises first and second plates having substantially annular portions, one or both of said plates being provided There is a first cylindrical portion for connecting the biasing spring, a second cylindrical portion for forming the weight member, and an engaging protrusion. 13. The rotary operation type one-way clutch according to claim 12, wherein one of said first and second plates is provided with said first cylindrical portion, and the other is provided with said second cylindrical portion. portion, and both of the first and second plates are provided with the engagement protrusion.

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