CN1518670A - Ultrasonic diagnostic system for selectively generating ultrasonic diagnostic data - Google Patents
Ultrasonic diagnostic system for selectively generating ultrasonic diagnostic data Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1518670A CN1518670A CNA028125193A CN02812519A CN1518670A CN 1518670 A CN1518670 A CN 1518670A CN A028125193 A CNA028125193 A CN A028125193A CN 02812519 A CN02812519 A CN 02812519A CN 1518670 A CN1518670 A CN 1518670A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- scan
- image
- sections
- slice
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8909—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration
- G01S15/8915—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a transducer array
- G01S15/8925—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a transducer array the array being a two-dimensional transducer configuration, i.e. matrix or orthogonal linear arrays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8993—Three dimensional imaging systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52053—Display arrangements
- G01S7/52057—Cathode ray tube displays
- G01S7/52073—Production of cursor lines, markers or indicia by electronic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52053—Display arrangements
- G01S7/52057—Cathode ray tube displays
- G01S7/52074—Composite displays, e.g. split-screen displays; Combination of multiple images or of images and alphanumeric tabular information
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8979—Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本发明通常涉及超声诊断系统,尤其涉及一种超声诊断系统,该超声诊断系统可以相对于所期望的具体图像来接收使用者的输入,并且可以自动产生只与所期望图像有关的超声波数据。The present invention relates generally to ultrasonic diagnostic systems, and more particularly to an ultrasonic diagnostic system that can receive user input with respect to a specific image desired and that can automatically generate ultrasound data related only to the desired image.
超声换能器和成像系统已经使用了有相当的一段时间了,且在无创医疗诊断成像领域尤其有用。超声换能器通常由压电元件或者微加工的超声换能器元件形成。当用于发射模式时,该换能器元件由电脉冲激励,且相应地发射超声能量。当用于接收模式时,撞击到换能器元件上的声能转换为接收信号,且传送到和换能器相关的处理电路。该换能器通常连接到超声成像系统,该超声成像系统包括处理电子设备、一个或多个输入设备、以及合适的显示器,超声图像可以在该显示器上观察。该处理电子设备通常包括发射波束形成器,以及接收波束形成器,该发射波束形成器用来为每个换能器元件产生合适的发射脉冲,该接收波束形成器用来处理从每个换能器元件接收到的接收信号。Ultrasound transducers and imaging systems have been used for quite some time and are especially useful in the field of non-invasive medical diagnostic imaging. Ultrasonic transducers are usually formed from piezoelectric elements or micromachined ultrasonic transducer elements. When used in transmit mode, the transducer elements are excited by electrical pulses, and ultrasonic energy is emitted in response. When used in receive mode, acoustic energy impinging on the transducer elements is converted into a receive signal and transmitted to processing circuitry associated with the transducer. The transducer is typically connected to an ultrasound imaging system that includes processing electronics, one or more input devices, and a suitable display on which ultrasound images can be viewed. The processing electronics typically include a transmit beamformer, which is used to generate the appropriate transmit pulses for each transducer element, and a receive beamformer, which is used to process Received signal received.
超声换能器通常与在一外壳中的相关的电子设备进行组合。该组件通常称为超声探头。通常,超声探头可以分类为具有单一元件宽度的元件阵列的一维(1D)探头或具有多个元件宽度的阵列的二维(2D)探头。此外,被称为“双平面”探头的探头包括两个正交设置的1D阵列,其可以交叉也可以不交叉。被称为“矩阵探头”的相对新的2D探头包括设置成二维的换能器元件,其中每个元件是独立可控的,其结果是超声探头的扫描线可以在二维上以电子方式操纵。矩阵探头的每一维可以被认为是线性阵列的连续堆叠。Ultrasound transducers are usually combined with associated electronics in a housing. This component is often called an ultrasound probe. In general, ultrasound probes can be classified as one-dimensional (1D) probes having an array of elements of a single element width or two-dimensional (2D) probes having an array of multiple element widths. In addition, probes known as "dual plane" probes include two orthogonally arranged 1D arrays, which may or may not be intersecting. Relatively new 2D probes known as "matrix probes" consist of transducer elements arranged in two dimensions, where each element is independently controllable, with the result that the scan lines of an ultrasound probe can be electronically manipulate. Each dimension of the matrix probe can be thought of as a contiguous stack of linear arrays.
超声数据通常在多个帧中获得,其中每帧代表从换能器表面发出的超声束的一次扫描。这样的一次扫描通常由沿着一个扫描平面产生的大量独立的扫描线形成。当扫描线在一起显示时,这组扫描线形成了通常被称为“切片”。一个切片通常对应于一帧。例如,在双平面成像中,两个切片构成一帧,而在体积扫描中,很多切片构成一帧。Ultrasound data is typically acquired in multiple frames, where each frame represents one scan of the ultrasound beam emanating from the transducer surface. Such a scan is usually formed by a large number of individual scan lines generated along a scan plane. When the scanlines are displayed together, the set of scanlines forms what is commonly referred to as a "slice". One slice usually corresponds to one frame. For example, in biplanar imaging, two slices make up a frame, while in volume scans, many slices make up a frame.
通常,1D探头产生二维的矩形、盘形、梯形或其它形状的切片,而2D矩阵探头形成几组切片(帧),形成三维形状。这样的三维帧有时称为“体积扫描”。当传统超声成像系统进行这样的体积扫描时,它们通常在至少二维上产生多个切片。这些多个切片为切片所占有的空间产生超声数据。为了产生三维图像,然后由超声成像系统处理该体数据,以产生在二维表面上显示的图像(例如CRT型显示器的表面),其具有三维的外观。这样的处理通常称为构图(rendering)。Typically, 1D probes produce two-dimensional slices of rectangles, disks, trapezoids, or other shapes, while 2D matrix probes form groups of slices (frames) that form three-dimensional shapes. Such three-dimensional frames are sometimes called "volume scans". When conventional ultrasound imaging systems perform such volumetric scans, they typically produce multiple slices in at least two dimensions. These multiple slices generate ultrasound data for the space occupied by the slices. To produce a three-dimensional image, this volumetric data is then processed by an ultrasound imaging system to produce an image displayed on a two-dimensional surface, such as the surface of a CRT-type display, which has the appearance of three dimensions. Such processing is often called rendering.
不利的是,生成该体数据既要加重控制发射波束形成器的超声电子设备的负担,又需要接收信号的计算加强处理。这样的三维构图系统一个缺点是,当在显示器上绘制采集的数据时,由于采集数据的时间延迟和所遇到的处理延迟,所以为了显示具有相当分辨率的体积数据,采集数据的帧频必须下降。Disadvantageously, generating this volume data both burdens the ultrasound electronics controlling the transmit beamformer and requires computationally intensive processing of the received signal. A disadvantage of such 3D mapping systems is that, due to the time delay of the acquired data and the processing delays encountered when rendering the acquired data on the display, in order to display the volumetric data with comparable resolution, the frame rate of the acquired data must be decline.
因此,期望提供这样一种超声成像系统,其能够显示三维数据,并且不需要对于给定空间来处理所有采集的数据。Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide an ultrasound imaging system that is capable of displaying three-dimensional data without requiring all acquired data to be processed for a given space.
本发明包括一种用于在显示器上显示所期望的超声图像的系统,该系统包括二维矩阵探头、用于确定相应于该所期望的超声图像的至少两个超声扫描切片的电路、用于从由该超声扫描切片获得的数据中产生该所期望的超声图像的电路、以及用于显示该所期望的超声图像的显示器。The invention comprises a system for displaying a desired ultrasound image on a display, the system comprising a two-dimensional matrix probe, circuitry for determining at least two ultrasound scan slices corresponding to the desired ultrasound image, for Circuitry for generating the desired ultrasound image from data obtained from the ultrasound scan slice, and a display for displaying the desired ultrasound image.
本领域中的普通技术人员通过参照附图和详细描述会理解或将会理解本发明的其它系统、方法、特征和优点。所有这样的附加系统、方法、特征和优点都旨在被包括到本说明书中、属于本发明的范围,以及由后附的权利要求书保护。Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the invention will be understood or will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art by reference to the drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected by the following claims.
如权利要求书所限定的,通过参考下面的附图可以更好地理解本发明。图中的元件的彼此相对比例不是很重要,而重点放在了清楚说明本发明的原理上。The invention as defined by the claims may be better understood by reference to the following drawings. The relative proportions of the elements in the figures are not critical, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the invention.
图1是说明根据本发明的一个实施例的超声成像系统的框图。FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an ultrasound imaging system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
图2是使用图1的矩阵探头获得的一系列扫描切片的示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a series of scanned slices obtained using the matrix probe of FIG. 1 .
图3A到3C是共同说明本发明的一个实施例的示意图。3A to 3C are schematic diagrams collectively illustrating one embodiment of the present invention.
图4是根据本发明另一个实施例获得单帧扫描的数据的图。FIG. 4 is a diagram of obtaining data scanned by a single frame according to another embodiment of the present invention.
图5是使用如图4所示的扫描几何图形而获得的图像的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an image obtained using the scan geometry shown in FIG. 4 .
图6是说明本发明的另一个实施例的示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
图7是显示由图1的图形发生器产生的另一实施方式的示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment generated by the pattern generator of FIG. 1 .
图8是说明本发明的特定实施例的操作的流程图。Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a particular embodiment of the invention.
接下来描述的本发明可以应用到任何的超声成像系统,该超声成像系统使用具有可独立控制元件的二维阵列的探头。下面的描述是根据在内存、相关的处理器、以及可能的网络或者网络设备中的数据位的例行程序和符号表示来进行的。本技术领域中的普通技术人员使用这些描述和表征来有效地将他们工作的主旨传达给本技术领域中的其他普通技术人员。这里的例行程序通常指导致一个期望的结果的步骤或者行动的独立的序列。因此,术语“例行程序”通常用来指储存在内存中且由处理器执行的一系列操作。该处理器可以是超声成像系统的中央处理器,或者可以是超声成像系统的二级处理器。术语“例行程序”也包含这样的术语“程序”、“对象”、“函数”、“子程序”和“过程”。The invention described next can be applied to any ultrasound imaging system using a probe having a two-dimensional array of independently controllable elements. The following description is in terms of routines and symbolic representations of data bits in memory, an associated processor, and possibly a network or network equipment. These descriptions and characterizations are used by those of ordinary skill in the art to effectively convey the substance of their work to others of ordinary skill in the art. A routine here generally refers to a discrete sequence of steps or actions leading to a desired result. Thus, the term "routine" is generally used to refer to a series of operations stored in memory and executed by a processor. The processor may be a central processor of the ultrasound imaging system, or may be a secondary processor of the ultrasound imaging system. The term "routine" also includes such terms as "program", "object", "function", "subroutine" and "procedure".
通常,在例行程序中步骤的顺序需要物理量的物理操作。通常,虽然这些量不是必要的,这些量还是可以采取被存储、传送、组合、对比或者被操作的电信号或者磁信号的形式。本技术领域中那些普通技术人员称这些信号为“位”、“值”、“单元”、“字符”、“图像”、“术语”、“数字”等。应当理解,这些与相似的术语与合适的物理量相关,且只是是应用到这些量的方便标记。Often, the sequence of steps in a routine procedure requires physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals that are stored, transferred, combined, compared, or otherwise manipulated. Those of ordinary skill in the art refer to these signals as "bits," "values," "elements," "characters," "images," "terms," "numbers," and the like. It should be understood that these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities.
在本申请中,例行程序和操作是与操作员一起执行的机器操作。本发明总体上涉及方法步骤、软件和相关的硬件,其包括计算机可读的媒介,该媒介设置成存储和执行电信号或者其它物理信号,以产生其它所需的物理信号。In this application, routines and operations are machine operations performed with an operator. The present invention generally relates to method steps, software and associated hardware including computer readable media arranged to store and execute electrical or other physical signals to produce other desired physical signals.
本发明的装置最好是构造成用于超声成像。然而,本发明的方法可以由通用的计算机或者其它网络装置执行,该计算机或者其它网络装置由存储在计算机中的例行程序选择性地启动或重构,且连接到超声成像设备。这里提出的过程不是本质上涉及任何超声成像系统、计算机或者设备。具体的是,不同的机器可以使用依据本发明的例行程序,或者可更方便地构建更特殊设备来执行该方法的步骤。在某些情况下,当希望一块硬件拥有某些特征时,这些特征会在下面更全面的描述。The device of the present invention is preferably configured for ultrasound imaging. However, the methods of the present invention may be performed by a general purpose computer or other networked device selectively activated or reconfigured by routines stored in the computer and connected to an ultrasound imaging device. The procedures presented here do not involve any ultrasound imaging system, computer or equipment per se. In particular, different machines may use the routines in accordance with the invention, or it may be more convenient to construct more specialized apparatus to perform the steps of the method. In some cases, when it is desirable for a piece of hardware to possess certain characteristics, those characteristics are described more fully below.
相对于下面描述的例行程序,本领域中的普通技术人员应该认识到,存在多种平台和语言来产生执行下面描述的例行程序的指令组。本领域中的普通技术人员也应该认识到准确的平台和语言的选择通常由实际构建的系统来确定,这样对于一种类型系统有效的可能对另一种系统无效。With respect to the routines described below, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that a variety of platforms and languages exist for generating sets of instructions to execute the routines described below. Those of ordinary skill in the art will also recognize that the exact choice of platform and language is often determined by the actual system being built, so what works for one type of system may not work for another.
图1是说明一种根据本发明的实施例的超声成像系统100的框图。对于本技术领域中的普通技术人员来说应该理解,如图1所示的超声成像系统100和如下描述的其操作是这种系统的通常代表,而任何特殊系统可以与如图1所示的系统有很大不同。该超声成像系统100包括发射波束形成器110,其通过发射/接收开关112连接到矩阵探头200。该矩阵探头200包括具有在二维方向上设置的多个换能器元件的矩阵换能器阵列。该矩阵探头200可以被用来随机地选择在阵列上的任何点作为超声能量从其发射的点,且其称为全采样阵列。在全采样阵列中,每个元件是独立寻址的。FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an ultrasound imaging system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the ultrasound imaging system 100 shown in FIG. 1 and its operation as described below is generally representative of such systems, and that any particular system may be used in conjunction with the system shown in FIG. The systems are very different. The ultrasound imaging system 100 includes a transmit beamformer 110 connected to a
该发射/接收(T/R)开关112通常包括用于每个换能器元件的一个开关元件,或者该矩阵探头200可能具有多路电路或类似物,以减少发射/接收开关112和矩阵探头200之间的导线数量,从而减少所需开关的数量。该发射波束形成器110从脉冲发生器116接收脉冲序列。该矩阵探头200由发射波束形成器110激励,其发射超声能量到病人身体的感兴趣区域,且接收从人体中的不同结构和器官反射的超声能量,其一般称为回波。本领域的普通技术人员知道,通过使用发射波束形成器110来适当延迟施加到每个换能器元件的波形,可以从矩阵探头200发射聚焦的超声束。The transmit/receive (T/R) switch 112 typically includes one switching element for each transducer element, or the
该矩阵探头200通过发射/接收开关112也连接到接收波束形成器118。来自病人身体中的给定点的超声能量由换能器元件在不同时期接收。该换能器元件将接收的超声能量转化为换能器信号,其可以被放大、单独地延迟、并且随后由接收波束形成器118来求总和,以提供代表沿着所期望的接收线(“束”)接收到的超声波等级的波束形成信号。该接收波束形成器118可以是包括模拟-数字转换器的数字波束形成器,以将换能器信号转化为数字值,或者可以是模拟波束形成器。本领域中的普通技术人员已知,在超声能量接收期间,施加到换能器信号的延迟可以改变,以实现动态聚焦。对于多个扫描线,该过程被重复,以产生一帧数据,以便用来产生病人身体中感兴趣区域的图像。The
虽然使用矩阵探头的已知系统集中在整个空间体积扫描上,但是该矩阵探头200也可以提供多种扫描模式,诸如扇形扫描、线性扫描、曲线扫描和其它扫描模式,其中扇形扫描的扫描线通常源自于矩阵探头200的中心,且指向不同的角度。While known systems using matrix probes focus on scanning the entire volume of space, the
该接收波束形成的信号然后供给到信号处理器124,其处理波束形成的信号,以改进图像的质量。该接收波束形成器118和信号处理器124构造成超声接收器126。信号处理器124的输出施加到扫描转换器128,其将扇形扫描和其它扫描模式的信号转化为传统的光栅扫描显示信号。该扫描转换器128的输出供给到显示单元130,其显示病人身体中感兴趣的区域的图像。The receive beamformed signal is then supplied to a signal processor 124 which processes the beamformed signal to improve the quality of the image. Receive beamformer 118 and signal processor 124 are configured as ultrasound receiver 126 . The output of signal processor 124 is applied to scan converter 128, which converts sector scan and other scan mode signals to conventional raster scan display signals. The output of the scan converter 128 is supplied to a display unit 130 which displays an image of the region of interest in the patient's body.
系统控制器132对系统进行整体控制。该系统控制器132执行计时和控制功能,且通常包括在图形发生器136和控制例行程序142控制下工作的微处理器,该图形发生器136和控制例行程序142都包含在存储器140中。如接下来要进一步详细描述的,该控制例行程序142和图形发生器136与系统控制器132和通过输入元件138从使用者提供的输入配合使用,以便使超声成像系统100仅发射那些显示所期望的图像所需要的扫描线。以这种方式,超声成像系统100可以通过只扫描那些相应于要被显示的图像的切片来产生近似的三维图像,而不需要扫描整个三维空间。在这样的系统中,如接下来要描述的,使用较少系统资源通常可以获得较好的图像质量,这样使用可与二维扫描相比的帧频来显示近似的三维图像。该系统控制器132也使用存储器140来存储中间值,该中间值包括描述超声成像系统100工作的系统变量。尽管没有显示出,可以使用外部存储设备来持久地和/或可传送地存储数据。适合使用外部存储单元的例子和设备包括软盘驱动器、只读光盘驱动器、录像磁带单元等。The system controller 132 performs overall control of the system. The system controller 132 performs timing and control functions and typically includes a microprocessor operating under the control of a pattern generator 136 and control routine 142, both contained in memory 140 . As will be described in further detail below, the control routine 142 and pattern generator 136 cooperate with the system controller 132 and input provided from the user through the input element 138 to cause the ultrasound imaging system 100 to transmit only those The scanlines required for the desired image. In this way, the ultrasound imaging system 100 can generate an approximate three-dimensional image by scanning only those slices corresponding to the image to be displayed, without scanning the entire three-dimensional space. In such systems, as will be described next, better image quality can generally be achieved using fewer system resources, so that an approximate 3D image is displayed using a frame rate comparable to 2D scanning. The system controller 132 also uses the memory 140 to store intermediate values including system variables that describe the operation of the ultrasound imaging system 100 . Although not shown, external storage devices may be used to store data persistently and/or transferably. Examples and devices suitable for use with external storage units include floppy disk drives, CD-ROM drives, video tape units, and the like.
根据本发明的一个实施例的一方面,相应于提供所期望的超声图像并且被设计成以便提供所期望的超声图像的扫描模式可以通过矩阵探头200来产生。超声成像系统100的使用者可以通过输入单元138来传送这样的所期望的超声图像。该扫描模式可以包括一对交叉扫描切片,其允许系统对近似的三维图像进行构图,而不需要询问三维空间。该输入单元138可以包括鼠标、键盘、输入笔或者可以包括组合的输入装置,例如多个键、多个滑动块、多个开关、多个触摸屏、轨迹球或者其它输入设备,其使超声成像系统100的使用者可以向系统控制器132传送所期望的超声图像。当通过输入单元138使所期望的超声图像传送到了系统控制器132,该系统控制器132与存储器140中的控制例行程序142和图形发生器136配合使用,以确定合适的扫描线,该扫描线应该由矩阵探头200发射,以获得传送给系统控制器132的所期望的超声图像。该系统控制器132然后与脉冲发生器116和发射波束形成器110进行通信,以便产生这样的合适扫描线。According to an aspect of one embodiment of the present invention, a scan pattern corresponding to and designed to provide a desired ultrasound image may be generated by the
在另一种系统结构中,使用不同的换能器元件来发射和接收。在这样的结构中,可能不需要该发射/接收开关112,且该发射波束形成器110和接收波束形成器118可以直接连接到各发射和接收换能器元件上。In another system configuration, different transducer elements are used for transmitting and receiving. In such a configuration, the transmit/receive switch 112 may not be required, and the transmit beamformer 110 and receive beamformer 118 may be connected directly to the respective transmit and receive transducer elements.
图2是使用图1的矩阵探头200获得的一系列扫描切片的示意图。图2所示的矩阵探头200获得三个切片202、204和206。通常,每个切片202、204和206分别包括一系列独立的扫描线208-1到208-n、210-1到210-n和212-1到212-n。在这种情况下,每个切片都是扇形的,且扇形的顶点位于矩阵探头200的中间。实际上,每个切片202、204和206代表传统的二维扫描,每次扫描都是从邻近的扫描以仰角形式位移离开。本技术领域中的普通技术人员知道,对于每个切片可以产生梯形或者平行四边形来代替扇形。此外,大量的以仰角形式中稍微位移的这样的切片可以用来询问一空间体积。不利的是,由于询问一空间体积需要大量的扫描切片,因此询问一个空间体积需要大量的处理资源,且通常产生比显示所期望的图像所需要的数据多得多的数据。根据本发明的实施例,且在下面要详细描述的,该超声成像系统100使得使用者输入可确定所期望的图像,然后指示该矩阵探头200只发射显示所期望的图像所必需的单独的扫描切片。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a series of scan slices obtained using the
在图2所示的例子中,只有三个切片202、204和206在一个顶点结合,但是以仰角形式分开。在每个切片202、204和206中的每根扫描线208-n、210-n和212-n分别在其它切片中有匹配的(或者“相对应的”)扫描线。例如,在切片204中的扫描线210-1和切片206中的扫描线212-1相匹配。最好每根匹配的扫描线位于相同的横向位置。为了绘制近似的三维图像,该系统控制器确定合适的匹配扫描线组,且仅使显示所期望的图像所必需的扫描线发射。根据本发明的实施例,该系统控制器132连同图形发生器136和控制例行程序142一起来指示该矩阵探头200仅发射显示所期望的图像所需的扫描线。In the example shown in FIG. 2, there are only three
图3A到3C是共同地示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。图3A包括两个扇形扫描切片302和304。所示的扇形扫描切片302和304相互垂直,但是这种情况不是必需的,因为扇形扫描切片302和304可以分开任何角度,这里称为θ。该角度θ代表扇形扫描切片304和扇形扫描切片302之间倾斜的角度。该扇形扫描切片302包括中心线305,而扇形扫描切片304包括中心线307。图像306是大致为梨形的中空图像,意味着代表简化的左心室。3A to 3C are schematic diagrams collectively showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A includes two sector scan slices 302 and 304 . Sector scan slices 302 and 304 are shown to be perpendicular to each other, but this is not required as sector scan slices 302 and 304 may be separated by any angle, referred to herein as Θ. The angle θ represents the angle of inclination between the
如图3A所示,系统控制器132只产生两个扇形扫描切片302和304,而不是询问整个空间。该两个扇形切片302和304根据传送到超声成像系统100的使用者输入而形成。该使用者的输入确定了所期望的超声图像,而系统控制器确定了相应于所期望的图像的扇形扫描切片(在本例子中为扇形扫描切片302和304)。As shown in FIG. 3A, the system controller 132 generates only two sector scan slices 302 and 304, rather than interrogating the entire space. The two fan-shaped
扇形扫描切片中的一个(本例中为扇形扫描切片302)是固定的基准切片(或者固定的基准平面),而扇形扫描切片304的位置可以以仰角形式变化,且可以相对于扇形扫描切片302旋转位置。根据使用者通过输入单元138施加到超声成像系统100的输入,扇形扫描切片304相对于扇形扫描切片302的位置可以以仰角形式调节,且可以旋转位置,这样所期望的图像对(如图3B和3C所示)由扇形扫描切片302和304产生。为了将所期望的图像传送到系统控制器132(图1),超声成像系统100的使用者可以使用(但不局限于)例如设置在输入单元138上的控制旋钮来相对于扇形扫描切片302旋转扇形扫描切片304。该控制旋钮可以标记为,例如,“第2切片旋转角”。该所期望的图像是使用者在扫描时通过调节控制旋钮设置的图像。该图像切片(本例中为扇形切片302和304)可以如图3B和3C所示的并行显示,或者如图5所示的重叠显示。One of the scan sector slices (in this case, the scan sector slice 302) is a fixed reference slice (or a fixed reference plane), while the position of the
图3B和3C共同地示出了使用图3A中的扇形扫描切片302和304所获取的图像。如图3B和3C所示,超声图像306和每个扫描切片302和304相关显示。如图所示,该与扫描切片302相关的图像306和与扫描切片304相关的图像306看起来不同。图3B和3C中的图像306是大致为梨形的中空图像的两个垂直的截面,该中空图像意味着代表简化的左心室,且相应于图3A中的图像306。图3B和3C中的该两个图像306看起来不同是因为扫描切片302和304是彼此垂直的,且形成元件306的不同截面。考虑到另一种方法,图3B中显示定向成适应于扇形扫描切片302的声学获取,而图3C中显示定向成适应于扇形扫描切片304的声学获取。这样,仅通过发射两个基于使用者输入的独立的扫描切片,就可以获得近似的三维构图。图3B和3C中的图像的分辨率表示了为了绘制三维图像而需要扫描三维空间的系统获得的图像分辨率的改进。例如,图3B和3C中的图像可以是90度宽的视图,其具有50Hz的帧频和3/4度的分辨率。由于不需要扫描整个空间,与高帧频相结合的宽视场是可实现的。Figures 3B and 3C collectively illustrate images acquired using sector scan slices 302 and 304 in Figure 3A. As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C , an
此外,根据本发明的另一个实施例,可以提供与该两个图像相关的图形基准。例如,图3B中标号为312的线指的是扇形扫描切片304的位置,且相应于扇形扫描切片304的中心线307。同样,图3C中标号为314的线与图3B中的扇形扫描切片302相关,且相应于扇形扫描切片302的中心线305。Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a graphical reference related to the two images may be provided. For example, the line labeled 312 in FIG. 3B refers to the location of the
相对于固定基准切片302和由用户输入决定的扇形扫描切片304的位置,通过移动图3B的线312,在图3C中的图像可以产生一个不同的平面。这样的图形显示可以通过图1中的图形发生器136来提供,且可以控制扇形扫描切片304的取向。The image in FIG. 3C can be generated in a different plane by moving line 312 of FIG. 3B relative to the fixed
此外,当对病人进行心脏压力回波测试时,有效地获取两幅图像是很有用。在这样的测试中,对病人应用这种测试,并且需要提供充分的诊断需要对心脏快速的采集和构图。由于仅需要通过投影两个扇形扫描切片可获得的增加的帧频,所以本发明的系统允许这样的成像。此外,图3A和3B中描述的图像可以提供自动的边界检测,且可以显示彩色的流速信息和超声ANGIO信息。自动边界检测指系统可以自动检测和显示组织和血液之间的边界的能力。术语“ANGIO(脉管)”指彩色流体成像的形式,其以流体方向信息交换流体敏感度信息。这种工作模式也被称为“彩色多普勒功率”成像。In addition, effectively acquiring two images is useful when performing cardiac stress echo testing on a patient. In such tests, the application of such tests to a patient and the need to provide an adequate diagnosis requires rapid acquisition and imaging of the heart. The system of the present invention allows such imaging due to the increased frame rate obtainable by projecting only two sector scan slices. In addition, the images depicted in Figures 3A and 3B can provide automatic border detection and can display colored flow velocity information and ultrasound ANGIO information. Automatic border detection refers to the ability of the system to automatically detect and display the border between tissue and blood. The term "ANGIO" refers to a form of color fluid imaging that exchanges fluid orientation information for fluid sensitivity information. This mode of operation is also known as "color Doppler power" imaging.
图4是根据本发明另一个实施例获得的数据的单帧扫描的图。图4包括矩阵探头400,其用来获得包括两个子切片404和406的切片402。第一子切片404是平面上截取的,而第二子切片406垂直于第一子切片404。这两个子切片404和406在中心线408处接合。这样的扫描序列绘制了称为“角视图”的视图。由于只扫描了单一的折叠的切片,而没有其它的切片或者平面被扫描,所以其帧频可以在50Hz范围内与标准的二维扫描一样高。如图4所示的扫描可以显示为目标的两个连接的半部分,揭示了实时相对移动的垂直组织结构。FIG. 4 is a diagram of a single frame scan of data obtained according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 includes a matrix probe 400 used to obtain a slice 402 comprising two sub-slices 404 and 406 . The first sub-slice 404 is taken planarly, and the second sub-slice 406 is perpendicular to the first sub-slice 404 . The two sub-slices 404 and 406 are joined at a centerline 408 . Such a scan sequence draws what is known as an "angular view". Since only a single folded slice is scanned and no other slices or planes are scanned, the frame rate can be as high as standard 2D scans in the 50 Hz range. The scan shown in Figure 4 can be visualized as two connected halves of a target, revealing a vertical tissue structure that moves relative to each other in real time.
图5是显示使用如图4所示的扫描几何图形而获得的图像的示意图。如何显示这样的几何图形的一个例子是通过显示500示出的,其中两个扫描半部502和504以两个并排且按照透视法缩短的扇形来显示,有时称为“半平面”图像。结构线框架506和508包围半切片的扫描平面。显示500与箱子拐角部的视角相似,其中半扇形图像画在侧壁上。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an image obtained using the scanning geometry shown in FIG. 4 . An example of how such a geometry may be displayed is shown by display 500, where the two scan halves 502 and 504 are shown as two side-by-side and foreshortened sectors, sometimes referred to as a "half-planar" image. Structural wire frames 506 and 508 enclose the scan plane of the half-slice. Display 500 is similar to the perspective of the corner of the box, with a half-fan image drawn on the side walls.
图6是说明本发明的另一个实施例的示意图。通过使用图形发生器136结合系统控制器132,可以在显示602上产生显示图像600。该显示602包括显示的超声图像606,也说明了探头604的形状可以施加到显示602上。这样,超声成像系统100的使用者可以直接在显示602上观察探头604的位置,从而使探头604在正在成像的病人的身体上更精确地对准和定位。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
图7是显示由图1的图形发生器136产生的另一个实现的示意图。图7的图像700包括第一扫描切片702和由虚线描述的第二扫描切片704。该第二扫描切片704以相对于扫描切片702旋转显示。该扫描切片704围绕光标线706相对于扫描切片702旋转。虚线704是围绕光标线706旋转的旋转扇形的描绘。例如,如图7所示,在切片702和704之间有78度的旋转偏移量。当该角度为90度时,切片704会消失。此外,图像700可以显示扫描切片704相对于扫描切片702的倾斜。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another implementation generated by pattern generator 136 of FIG. 1 .
图8是说明本发明的特定实施例的操作的流程图800。在块802中,超声成像系统100的操作者选择所期望的图形来显示。为了确定会导致所期望的图像的合适的扇形扫描切片,系统控制器132执行合适的控制例行程序142,以便相对于固定基准平面(图3A的302)来选择新的旋转向量或者仰角,这样可以绘制所期望的超声图像。在块802中,假设固定的基准平面302提供超声图像中的一个图像,且相应于操作者通过输入元件138输入的命令,该命令将所期望的特定超声图像传送给系统,系统控制器132与控制例行程序142和图形发生器136(图1)配合使用,以便确定扇形扫描切片304相对于固定扇形扫描切片302(即,固定基准平面)的合适位置和定位。FIG. 8 is a flowchart 800 illustrating the operation of a particular embodiment of the invention. In block 802, the operator of the ultrasound imaging system 100 selects the desired graphics for display. In order to determine the appropriate sector scan slice that will result in the desired image, the system controller 132 executes an appropriate control routine 142 to select a new rotation vector or elevation relative to the fixed reference plane (302 of FIG. 3A ) such that The desired ultrasound image can be drawn. In block 802, the system controller 132 communicates with the system controller 132 assuming that the fixed
在块804中,确定是否选择了上述相对于图4和5中描述的角视图选项。如果该角视图选项没有选择,然后在块806中,为了使用矩阵探头200产生所要求的全平面图像,系统控制器132改变扫描线序列。在这样的例子中,为了获得所期望的超声图像306(图3B和3C),将投影两个扇形扫描平面302和304(图3A)。In block 804, it is determined whether the angle view option described above with respect to FIGS. 4 and 5 is selected. If the angular view option is not selected, then in block 806 the system controller 132 alters the scan line sequence in order to use the
在块804中,如果确定激活了角视图选项,然后在块808中,系统控制器132将改变扫描线序列,以根据相对于图4和5中描述的流程,使用矩阵探头200产生半平面图像。In block 804, if it is determined that the angle view option is activated, then in block 808 the system controller 132 will alter the scan line sequence to produce a semi-planar image using the
在块810中,扫描转换器128和系统控制器132将使用图形发生器136更新图形,以便相对于扇形扫描切片302的固定基准平面来显示第二扇形扫描切片(即,扇形扫描切片304)的取向。如果角视图选项关闭,然后第三、第四、第五扇形扫描切片等的取向可以显示在显示器130上。在块812中,该超声成像系统100扫描并显示所期望的图像。In block 810, scan converter 128 and system controller 132 will use graphics generator 136 to update the graphics to display the image of the second sector scan slice (i.e., sector scan slice 304) relative to the fixed reference plane of
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解,在不背离本发明的原理的情况下,本发明可以进行很多修改和变化,如前所述。例如,本发明可以使用压电陶瓷和MUT换能器元件。此外,本发明应用到不同的超声成像系统和元件中。所有这样的修改和变化包括在本发明中。Those skilled in the art can understand that many modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, as described above. For example, piezoceramic and MUT transducer elements may be used with the present invention. Furthermore, the invention finds application in various ultrasound imaging systems and components. All such modifications and variations are included in the present invention.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US88629101A | 2001-06-21 | 2001-06-21 | |
| US09/886,291 | 2001-06-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1518670A true CN1518670A (en) | 2004-08-04 |
Family
ID=25388790
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA028125193A Pending CN1518670A (en) | 2001-06-21 | 2002-06-20 | Ultrasonic diagnostic system for selectively generating ultrasonic diagnostic data |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1402284A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004530502A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1518670A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003001240A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101547649B (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2011-09-07 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Ultrasonic diagnostic device |
| CN107340334A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-10 | 中国计量大学 | Damage detecting method in a kind of underwater foundation body |
| CN109602442A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-04-12 | 苏州佳世达电通有限公司 | The localization method and ultrasonic system of ultrasound scanner head |
| CN109661591A (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2019-04-19 | 国立研究开发法人 海上·港湾·航空技术研究所 | Ultrasonic wave three-dimensional measuring apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009010901A1 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-22 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Ultrasound probe with coupled degrees of freedom and device comprising such ultrasound probe |
| IN2014CN04761A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2015-09-18 | Koninkl Philips Nv | |
| EP3585269B1 (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2021-07-28 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Remotely controlled ultrasonic imaging system |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5546807A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1996-08-20 | Oxaal; John T. | High speed volumetric ultrasound imaging system |
| US6245017B1 (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2001-06-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | 3D ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus |
| US6413219B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2002-07-02 | General Electric Company | Three-dimensional ultrasound data display using multiple cut planes |
-
2002
- 2002-06-20 CN CNA028125193A patent/CN1518670A/en active Pending
- 2002-06-20 WO PCT/IB2002/002413 patent/WO2003001240A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-06-20 JP JP2003507582A patent/JP2004530502A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-06-20 EP EP02738499A patent/EP1402284A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101547649B (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2011-09-07 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Ultrasonic diagnostic device |
| CN109661591A (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2019-04-19 | 国立研究开发法人 海上·港湾·航空技术研究所 | Ultrasonic wave three-dimensional measuring apparatus |
| CN107340334A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-10 | 中国计量大学 | Damage detecting method in a kind of underwater foundation body |
| CN109602442A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-04-12 | 苏州佳世达电通有限公司 | The localization method and ultrasonic system of ultrasound scanner head |
| CN109602442B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-06-08 | 苏州佳世达电通有限公司 | Positioning method of ultrasonic probe and ultrasonic system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003001240A1 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
| EP1402284A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
| JP2004530502A (en) | 2004-10-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6692441B1 (en) | System for identifying a volume of interest in a volume rendered ultrasound image | |
| JP4473729B2 (en) | Biplane ultrasound rendering process by acquiring time interleaved data | |
| US6709395B2 (en) | System and method for electronically altering ultrasound scan line origin for a three-dimensional ultrasound system | |
| JP3878343B2 (en) | 3D ultrasonic diagnostic equipment | |
| JP4579686B2 (en) | Ultrasound imaging system and method for user-guided three-dimensional volume scan sequence | |
| US6186948B1 (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus | |
| JP4628645B2 (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic method and apparatus for creating an image from a plurality of 2D slices | |
| US6669641B2 (en) | Method of and system for ultrasound imaging | |
| JP2007512870A (en) | Imaging ultrasound diagnostics with automatic adjustment of beamforming | |
| US7722540B2 (en) | Ultrasonic image processing apparatus, ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and ultrasonic image processing program | |
| JP2002119509A (en) | 2d ultrasonic converter array for two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging | |
| WO2009044316A1 (en) | System and method for real-time multi-slice acquisition and display of medical ultrasound images | |
| JP2000139917A (en) | Ultrasound diagnostic equipment | |
| CN1894598A (en) | Volumetric ultrasound imaging system using two-dimensional array transducer | |
| JP4413909B2 (en) | 3D ultrasonic diagnostic equipment | |
| JP5134787B2 (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, ultrasonic image processing apparatus, and ultrasonic image processing program | |
| CN1795397A (en) | Color flow biplane ultrasonic imaging system and method | |
| CN1518670A (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic system for selectively generating ultrasonic diagnostic data | |
| JP2005169123A (en) | Volumetric ultrasonic imaging system using two-dimensional array transducer | |
| CN101035471A (en) | 3D diagnostic ultrasound image display | |
| JP5823184B2 (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, medical image processing apparatus, and medical image processing program | |
| JPH06296609A (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic device | |
| US12527548B2 (en) | Ultrasound system and methods for smart shear wave elastography | |
| JP5449738B2 (en) | Ultrasonic image diagnosis apparatus, image processing apparatus, and ultrasonic image diagnosis support program | |
| JP2007325664A (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |