CN1512890A - HCG preparations - Google Patents
HCG preparations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1512890A CN1512890A CNA028109368A CN02810936A CN1512890A CN 1512890 A CN1512890 A CN 1512890A CN A028109368 A CNA028109368 A CN A028109368A CN 02810936 A CN02810936 A CN 02810936A CN 1512890 A CN1512890 A CN 1512890A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- muramyl
- acetyl
- iso
- hcg
- protein
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/22—Hormones
- A61K38/24—Follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]; Chorionic gonadotropins, e.g. HCG; Luteinising hormone [LH]; Thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
- A61K9/1075—Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
- A61K9/113—Multiple emulsions, e.g. oil-in-water-in-oil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
- A61K9/1271—Non-conventional liposomes, e.g. PEGylated liposomes or liposomes coated or grafted with polymers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- AIDS & HIV (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
总体而言,本发明涉及具生物活性的水溶性蛋白或多肽如hCG激素的药用制剂,这些蛋白或多肽能用来治疗不同的疾病。本发明的组合物治疗的疾病尤其优选的是由病毒引起的免疫和恶性疾病。更具体而言,人类中由病毒如导致获得性免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS)的人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的疾病及相关癌症都是考虑的对象。In general, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical preparations of biologically active water-soluble proteins or polypeptides, such as hCG hormone, which can be used to treat different diseases. Especially preferred diseases to be treated by the compositions of the present invention are immune and malignant diseases caused by viruses. More specifically, diseases caused by viruses in humans, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), and related cancers are contemplated.
相关技术的背景知识和讨论Background knowledge and discussion of relevant technologies
人绒膜促性腺激素(hCG)属于糖蛋白激素家族,这个激素家族包括黄体生成素(促黄体素,LH),促卵泡素(FSH)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)。这类激素各由两个不同的非共价结合的亚基,α亚基和β亚基组成。这些激素都有一个相同的α亚基,而β亚基则各自独特,在长度和氨基酸序列上有差异。最相似的激素是hCG和LH,除了hCG C末端有一段氨基酸序列外,它们有85%的同一性。HCG和LH作用于同一个受体。按传统的观点,hCG及相关激素在正常人类生理中发挥作用。例如hCG已经很好地确认为孕激素,在生殖生理学的妊娠过程中扮演了重要的角色。本发明人撰写的一篇综述中提供了关于hCG的广泛的背景知识(参见Hernan F.Acevedo,“人绒膜促性腺激素:生与死的激素,综述”(Human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG):The hormone of life anddeath,a review)在这里引作参考)。Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) belongs to the glycoprotein hormone family that includes luteinizing hormone (luteinizing hormone, LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). These hormones are each composed of two distinct non-covalently associated subunits, an alpha subunit and a beta subunit. These hormones share a common alpha subunit, while the beta subunits are unique and differ in length and amino acid sequence. The most similar hormones are hCG and LH, which are 85% identical except for an amino acid sequence at the C-terminus of hCG. HCG and LH act on the same receptor. According to the traditional view, hCG and related hormones play a role in normal human physiology. For example hCG is well established as a progestogen that plays an important role in reproductive physiology during pregnancy. An extensive background on hCG is provided in a review written by the present inventors (see Hernan F. Acevedo, "Human chorionic gonadotropin: the hormone of life and death, a review" (Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG): hormone of life and death, a review) is hereby incorporated by reference).
最近,有人提出,hCG激素也可用于HIV/AIDS和癌症的治疗。参看如美国专利No.5700781;5811390;5851997;5997871;5877148和5677275或者Bourinbaiar AS,Nagorny R的原著。人绒膜促性腺激素(hCG)对HIV-1中逆转录酶活性的作用效果会影响淋巴细胞和单核细胞。FEMS Microbiol Lett.1992年9月1日,75(1):27-30,以及Bourinbaiar AS,Nagorny R的原著。人绒膜促性腺激素(hCG)对HIV-1从淋巴细胞到营养细胞传播的抑制效果。FEBS Lett,1992年8月31日;309(1):82-4,这篇文章的内容在这里引作参考。然而,一些研究者提出,在一些市售hCG制剂中发现的污染因子对抗HIV和抗癌活性负责,驳斥了hCG能抗病毒和抗癌活性的观点。例如参考Lee-Huangs,Huang PL,Sun Y,Huang PL,Kuang HF,Blithe DL,Chen HC.溶菌酶和RNase作为人绒膜促性腺激素β-核心制品的抗HIV成分。Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.1999年3月16日,96(6):2678-81;Sairam MR,Antakly T.Debunking hCG.Nat Biotechnol,1997年11月,(12):1228,Albini A,Paglieri I,Orengo G,Carlone S,Aluigi MG,DeMarchi R,Matteucci C,MantovaniA,Carozzi F,Donini S,Benelli R.人绒膜促性腺激素β-核心片段抑制卡波西氏肉瘤衍生细胞及新的无限增殖化的卡波西氏肉瘤细胞系的生长。AIDS.1997年5月;11(6):713-21;Lunardi-Iskandar Y,Bryant JL,B lattner WA,Hung CL,F lamand L,Gill P,Hermans P,Birken S,Gallo RC.来自早期怀孕妇女的尿因子对HIV-1,SIV及相关疾病的作用效果。Nat Med.1998年4月,4(4):428-34;Sipsas NV,Aroni K,Tsavaris N,Mavragani K,Paikos S,KordossisT.AIDS相关的皮肤卡波西氏肉瘤:用人绒膜促性腺激素治疗的失败。J.Chemother.1999年2月;11(1):78-9;Masood R,McGarvey ME,ZhengT,Cai J,Arora N,Smith DL,Sloane N,Gill PS.抗肿瘤的尿蛋白在体内和体外均能抑制卡波西氏肉瘤和血管新生。Blood,1999年2月1日,93(3):1038-44;Griffiths SJ,Adams DJ,Talbot SJ,核糖核酸酶抑制卡波西氏肉瘤。Nature,1997年12月11日,390(6660):568;Darzynkiewicz Z.butler可用来在人绒膜促性腺激素制品中搜寻杀伤卡波西氏肉瘤的成分。J Natl Cancer Inst.1999年1月20;91(2):104-6和Noonan D,Albini A.抗KS活性仍然是个谜。Nat Med.1998年7月;4(7):748;以上文章的摘要在这一并引作参考。因为结果混乱,一些作者提出,怀孕妇女的尿液和市售的临床级hCG粗品中含有不同的具抗卡波西氏肉瘤和抗HIV活性的因子。研究者在尿液中找到如嗜酸性粒细胞衍生的神经毒素(EDN),抗致瘤性尿蛋白(ANUP),抑制素,活化素A和血管抑素等因子。此外,一些作者公开告诫hCG可能有相反的效果,它可能促进致癌作用,这样教导就有效地背离了hCG作为抗癌和抗病毒试剂的有用性。例如,可以参考Simonart等(Simonart T,Hermans P,Van Vooren JP,Meuris S.人绒膜促性腺激素制品的自相矛盾的前卡波西氏肉瘤活性(Paradoxical pro-Kaposi’s sarcoma activityof preparation of human chorionic gonadotropin)。Blood,1999年7月1日;94(1):367-7)。Recently, it has been suggested that the hCG hormone may also be used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS and cancer. See eg US Patent Nos. 5700781; 5811390; 5851997; 5997871; 5877148 and 5677275 or original works by Bourinbaiar AS, Nagorny R. The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on reverse transcriptase activity in HIV-1 affects lymphocytes and monocytes. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1 September 1992, 75(1):27-30, and original work by Bourinbaiar AS, Nagorny R. Inhibitory effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on HIV-1 transmission from lymphocytes to vegetative cells. FEBS Lett, 1992 Aug 31;309(1):82-4, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. However, some investigators have suggested that contaminating agents found in some commercially available hCG preparations are responsible for the anti-HIV and anticancer activity, refuting the notion that hCG has antiviral and anticancer activity. See for example Lee-Huangs, Huang PL, Sun Y, Huang PL, Kuang HF, Blithe DL, Chen HC. Lysozyme and RNase as anti-HIV components of human chorionic gonadotropin β-core preparations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. March 16, 1999, 96(6): 2678-81; Sairam MR, Antakly T. Debunking hCG. Nat Biotechnol, November 1997, (12): 1228, Albini A, Paglieri I , Orengo G, Carlone S, Aluigi MG, DeMarchi R, Matteucci C, Mantovani A, Carozzi F, Donini S, Benelli R. Human chorionic gonadotropin beta-core fragments inhibit Kaposi's sarcoma-derived cells and de novo immortalization Growth of the Kaposi's sarcoma cell line. AIDS. 1997 May;11(6):713-21; Lunardi-Iskandar Y, Bryant JL, Blattner WA, Hung CL, Flamand L, Gill P, Hermans P, Birken S, Gallo RC. From early pregnancy Effects of urine factors on HIV-1, SIV and related diseases in women. Nat Med. 1998 Apr, 4(4):428-34; Sipsas NV, Aroni K, Tsavaris N, Mavragani K, Paikos S, Kordossis T. AIDS-associated cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma: administration of human chorionic gonadotropin Treatment failure. 1999 Feb;11(1):78-9; Masood R, McGarvey ME, Zheng T, Cai J, Arora N, Smith DL, Sloane N, Gill PS. Antitumor urinary proteins in vivo and in vitro Both can inhibit Kaposi's sarcoma and angiogenesis. Blood, 1999 Feb 1, 93(3):1038-44; Griffiths SJ, Adams DJ, Talbot SJ Ribonuclease inhibition of Kaposi's sarcoma. Nature, December 11, 1997, 390(6660): 568; Darzynkiewicz Z.butler can be used to search for ingredients that kill Kaposi's sarcoma in human chorionic gonadotropin products. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Jan 20;91(2):104-6 and Noonan D, Albini A. Anti-KS activity remains a mystery. Nat Med. 1998 Jul;4(7):748; the abstract of the above article is hereby incorporated by reference. Because of the confounding results, some authors have proposed that urine of pregnant women and commercially available clinical-grade crude hCG contain different factors with anti-Kaposi's sarcoma and anti-HIV activity. Factors such as eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), antineoplastic urinary protein (ANUP), inhibin, activin A, and angiostatin were found in urine. Furthermore, some authors openly caution that hCG may have the opposite effect, that it may promote carcinogenesis, such teachings effectively depart from the usefulness of hCG as an anticancer and antiviral agent. See, for example, Simonart et al (Simonart T, Hermans P, Van Vooren JP, Meuris S. Paradoxical pro-Kaposi's sarcoma activity of preparation of human chorionic gonadotropin preparations) gonadotropin). Blood, 1999 Jul 1;94(1):367-7).
尽管在现有技术上关于hCG或某个污染因子是否具有抗病毒和抗癌活性仍有很大的争论,但从实践的观点来看,使用市售hCG制品中的激素或污染因子是不方便的。和许多其它的水溶性糖蛋白激素一样,hCG在体内能被快速地代谢掉,因此其半寿期相对较短。这样就必须经常注射激素或增大hCG的上样剂量,而这两种做法都是不切实际的,而且是昂贵的。参考授予Harn的美国专利No5700781“治疗卡波西氏肉瘤和HIV感染的方法”(Method for treating Kaposi’s sarcomaand HIV infections),在这里引作参考。Although there is still considerable debate in the state of the art about whether hCG or a certain contaminating agent has antiviral and anticancer activity, from a practical point of view, it is inconvenient to use hormones or contaminating agents in commercially available hCG preparations of. Like many other water-soluble glycoprotein hormones, hCG can be rapidly metabolized in the body, so its half-life is relatively short. This necessitates frequent hormone injections or increased hCG doses, both of which are impractical and expensive. See U.S. Patent No. 5,700,781 "Method for treating Kaposi's sarcoma and HIV infections" to Harn, incorporated herein by reference.
hCG输送的修饰形式,即所谓的hCG的“缓慢释放”或“持续释放”形式在早期即被提出,但没有人成功地实施,因为没有关于这些特殊形式的激素的特定保证指南。例如,参考授予Ham的美国专利No5851997“人绒膜促性腺激素用作具免疫能力的抗病毒剂”(use ofhuman chorionic gonadotropin as an immune-potentiating antiviralagent)。在这个专利中,Harris列举了不同形式的hCG缓慢释放方法。尤其是,Harris教导了用作经皮hCG贴片的hCG的持续释放形式,这种贴片是继DURAGESICTM fentaryl贴片流行后的一种贴片,它使得像hCG一样的蛋白的经皮输送能通过离子电渗或电渗的方法得以完成,即在电场的影响下进行。Harris思考的另一种hCG持续释放形式是可植入的hCG输送系统。用该范畴的一种典型装置NORPLANTTMLevonorgestrol植入方式,该系统通过一种例如由水凝胶或微孔多聚体组成的非生物降解的限速的膜元件,进行hCG的被动输送。Harris考虑的另一类型的hCG植入方式把hCG的施用和泵作用功能结合起来。这种泵动作用是通过渗透驱动或病人激活。这样,Harris就教导了hCG施用的可选择的不同模式。然而,考虑的输送模式均是利用一些特定的持续释放的给药装置,即经皮贴片以及不同类型的植入或泵。没有别的hCG输送形式被告知是给药的可靠且有实践意义的模式。Modified forms of hCG delivery, so-called "slow-release" or "sustained-release" forms of hCG were proposed early on, but no one has successfully implemented them because there are no specific assurance guidelines for these particular forms of the hormone. For example, see US Patent No. 5851997 "Use of human chorionic gonadotropin as an immune-potentiating antiviral agent" issued to Ham. In this patent, Harris lists different forms of slow release of hCG. In particular, Harris teaches a sustained release form of hCG for use as a transdermal hCG patch, a successor to the popular DURAGESIC ™ fentaryl patch, which enables the transdermal delivery of hCG-like proteins This can be done by means of iontophoresis or electroosmosis, ie under the influence of an electric field. Another sustained-release form of hCG that Harris has in mind is an implantable hCG delivery system. Implanted with a typical device of this category, NORPLANT ™ Levonorgestrol, the system carries out the passive delivery of hCG through a non-biodegradable, rate-limiting membrane element, for example composed of a hydrogel or a microporous polymer. Another type of hCG implantation that Harris contemplates combines hCG administration with pumping functions. This pumping action is either osmotically driven or patient activated. Thus, Harris teaches alternative modes of hCG administration. However, the modes of delivery considered are all using some specific sustained release drug delivery devices, namely transdermal patches and different types of implants or pumps. No other form of hCG delivery is known to be a reliable and practical mode of administration.
据这些发明人及其它人的报道,仅胞壁酰肽就能抑制逆转录病毒复制(Acevedo HF,Raikow RB,Acevedo HO,Delgado TF,Pardo M.用合成的胞壁酰二肽类似物CGP11637防止致癌病毒对小鼠的感染(Prevention of oncogenic viral infectious in mice with CGP 11637,asynthetic muramyl dipeptide analog),Antimicrob Agents Chemother,1985年11月,28(5):589-96;Lazdins JK,Woods-Cook K.,Walker M,AlteriE.亲脂的胞壁酰肽MTP-PE是巨噬细胞中HIV复制的有力抑制子(Thelipophilic muramyl peptide MTP-PE is a potent inhibitor of HIVreplication in macrophages)AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses,1990年10月,6(10):1157-61;Masihi KN,Lange W,Rohde-Schulz B,Chedid L,胞壁酰二肽在体外抑制人免疫缺陷病毒的复制(Muramyl dipeptide inhibitsreplication of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro).AIDS Res HumRetroviruses,1990年3月,6(3):393-9。Muramyl peptide alone was reported by these inventors and others to inhibit retroviral replication (Acevedo HF, Raikow RB, Acevedo HO, Delgado TF, Pardo M. Protection against Prevention of oncogenic viral infectious in mice with CGP 11637, asynthetic muramyl dipeptide analog, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, November 1985, 28(5): 589-96; Lazdins JK, Woods-Cook K ., Walker M, AlteriE. Lipophilic muramyl peptide MTP-PE is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication in macrophages (Thelipophilic muramyl peptide MTP-PE is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication in macrophages) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 1990 Oct, 6(10):1157-61; Masihi KN, Lange W, Rohde-Schulz B, Chedid L, Muramyl dipeptide inhibits replication of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro vitro). AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, March 1990, 6(3):393-9.
然而,hCG和胞壁酰肽的组合使用和本领域当前的想法相左,因为胞壁酰肽主要是用作疫苗佐剂,用来增强对疫苗制品中的抗原即hCG的免疫反应(参看例如美国专利No.5840313或5876724),因此,这种组合物能有效地使hCG失活或甚至会加重疾病的过程。根据别人的观察,某些胞壁酰肽实际上能增强HIV的复制,因此胞壁酰肽的临床应用会加重HIV病情,这种前景尤其令人担忧(Schreck R,Bevec D,Duror P,Baeuerle PA,Chedid L,Bahr GM.基于缺乏核因子κ-B的激活而选择胞壁酰肽作为AIDS疫苗潜在的佐剂(Selection of a muramylpeptide based on its lack of activation of nuclear-kappa B as a potentialadjuvant for AIDS vaccines),Clin Exp Immunol,1992年11月,90(2):188-93,Masihi KN,Lange W,Rohde-Schulz B.由细菌免疫调制剂加重人免疫缺陷病毒对前单核细胞的感染(Exacerbation of humanimmunodeficiency virus infection in promonocytic cells by bacterialimmunomodulators)J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,1990;3(3):200-5)。迄今为止,无论分离自天然来源的MDP还是人工合成的MDP,当施用给哺乳动物时,均伴随着明显的毒性。这种毒性显著地限制了MDP在临床上的使用。虽然偶尔当胞壁酰肽和具生物活性蛋白组合施用时,被认为是有用的。例如,美国专利NO5932208公开了一些组合物,在这些组合物中,胞壁酰肽和一些细胞因子组合使用,但作者没有教导和hCG的组合使用。However, the combined use of hCG and muramyl peptides is contrary to current thinking in the art, since muramyl peptides are primarily used as vaccine adjuvants to enhance the immune response to hCG, the antigen in vaccine preparations (see e.g. Patent No. 5840313 or 5876724), thus, this composition is effective in inactivating hCG or even aggravating the disease process. The prospect that clinical use of muramyl peptides could exacerbate HIV is particularly worrisome, based on observations by others that certain muramyl peptides actually enhance HIV replication (Schreck R, Bevec D, Duror P, Baeuerle PA, Chedid L, Bahr GM. Selection of a muramylpeptide based on its lack of activation of nuclear-kappa B as a potential adjuvant for AIDS vaccines AIDS vaccines), Clin Exp Immunol, 1992 Nov, 90(2):188-93, Masihi KN, Lange W, Rohde-Schulz B. Human immunodeficiency virus infection of promonocytes exacerbated by bacterial immunomodulators (Exacerbation of humanimmunodeficiency virus infection in promonocytic cells by bacterialimmunomodulators) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 1990; 3(3): 200-5). So far, whether MDP isolated from natural sources or artificially synthesized, when administered to mammals, it is accompanied by significant toxicity. This toxicity significantly limits the clinical use of MDP. Occasionally, though, muramyl peptides are thought to be useful when administered in combination with biologically active proteins. For example, US Patent No. 5,932,208 discloses compositions in which muramyl peptides are used in combination with certain cytokines, but the authors do not teach the combination with hCG.
然而,在现有技术中,hCG变体和胞壁酰肽的组合已知主要是用来做生育力或癌症疫苗。这些疫苗唯独含有hCGβ链或hCGβ链的C末端肽,以及不是全部的二聚体hCG(参看美国专利No4313871,4256629,4310455,6146633,6143305,6096318,6039948,5891992,5817753,5698201,5106619,5006334,4855285,4791062,4767842和4762913)。对hCGβ链或其肽的选择性优选主要出于一种考虑,那就是用二聚体或整个hCG免疫接种将会引起和一些相关的糖蛋白激素如LH,FSH和TSH的非期望的交叉反应,随后产生对宿主有害的后果。迄今为止,关于hCG二聚体和胞壁酰肽组合使用的现有技术参考资料不存在。However, in the prior art, combinations of hCG variants and muramyl peptides are known primarily for use as fertility or cancer vaccines. These vaccines contain only the hCG beta chain or the C-terminal peptide of the hCG beta chain, and not all dimeric hCG (see U.S. Pat. , 4855285, 4791062, 4767842 and 4762913). The preference for hCG beta chain or its peptides is mainly due to the consideration that immunization with dimers or whole hCG will cause undesired cross-reactivity with some related glycoprotein hormones such as LH, FSH and TSH , with subsequent deleterious consequences for the host. To date, no prior art references exist regarding the combined use of hCG dimers and muramyl peptides.
和现有技术中占优的传统观念相反,本发明人令人惊讶地发现,整体或二聚体hCG分子和胞壁酰肽的组合使用在体内能协同增强抗HIV和抗癌活性,而且不会对宿主产生有害的作用。同时,还惊讶地发现,在含或不含胞壁酰肽的水包油乳液中配制的hCG有相同力度的临床效果。Contrary to the conventional wisdom prevailing in the prior art, the present inventors have surprisingly found that the combined use of monolithic or dimeric hCG molecules and muramyl peptides synergistically enhances anti-HIV and anti-cancer activity in vivo without Harmful effects on the host. Also, it was surprisingly found that hCG formulated in oil-in-water emulsion with or without muramyl peptide had the same potent clinical effect.
发明内容Contents of the invention
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种新的组合物,这种组合物能克服上述及本领域中的其它缺点。本发明首先成功地减少了特殊配制的水溶性激素在治疗病毒疾病和癌症中的应用实践。出于这些和其它考虑,本发明者发现施用hCG和胞壁酰肽比施用现在市场上获得的hCG非修饰形式具有更好的临床效果或反应。还考虑到HCG是在含有或不含胞壁酰肽的水包油乳液中配制的。别的制剂如胶囊化的脂质体输送形式是同样合适的。因此,本发明考虑一种组合物,它包含二聚体hCG的新的治疗形式。It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new composition which overcomes the above mentioned and other disadvantages in the art. The present invention first successfully reduces the application practice of specially formulated water-soluble hormones in the treatment of viral diseases and cancers. In view of these and other considerations, the present inventors have discovered that administration of hCG and muramyl peptides has a better clinical effect or response than administration of unmodified forms of hCG currently available on the market. It is also contemplated that HCG is formulated in an oil-in-water emulsion with or without muramyl peptide. Other formulations such as encapsulated liposomal delivery forms are equally suitable. Accordingly, the present invention contemplates a composition comprising a novel therapeutic form of dimeric hCG.
本发明的另一个目的是指提供制备组合物的方法,它也能克服本领域的缺陷。Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of the composition, which also overcomes the drawbacks in the art.
本发明也考虑了一些给被试者施用一定量的hCG的制剂的方法,这些制剂在临床上治疗或预防病毒感染中更有效,而这些病毒感染是被试者已患上或将会患上的。The present invention also contemplates methods of administering to a subject an amount of hCG preparations that are clinically more effective in treating or preventing viral infections that the subject has or will have of.
根据本发明的另一方面,也提供了一些用于治疗被试动物如人中癌症的方法,给所述被试者施用一定剂量的速溶组合物,所述剂量对于消除或预防所述癌症在所述动物中的生长是有效的。According to another aspect of the present invention, some methods for treating cancer in a test animal such as a human are also provided, wherein a certain dose of the instant composition is administered to the test subject, and the dose is effective for eliminating or preventing the cancer in Growth in the animals was efficient.
本发明者所面对的一些优选的用处是一些疾病如AIDS,卡波西氏肉瘤(包括地方性和HIV相关类型),多发性骨髓瘤,淋巴瘤,黑色素瘤及其它形式的癌症和白血病的治疗。Some preferred uses contemplated by the inventors are in diseases such as AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma (including endemic and HIV-related types), multiple myeloma, lymphoma, melanoma and other forms of cancer and leukemia. treat.
没有暗含任何限制,这些药物组合物可以通过溶液形式来有利地制备,这些溶液可以通过肠胃外的形式来施用,尤其是皮下,肌内,静脉内或灌流的方式施用。本发明的组合物单独口服或以盖仑制剂(galencica)的形式施用时,效果是相等的,而且都是有利的。以盖仑制剂的形式如把它们胶囊化成胶囊形式或小球体或脂质体形式能保护这些组合物,使它们能跨越胃障。Without implying any limitation, these pharmaceutical compositions may advantageously be prepared in the form of solutions which may be administered parenterally, especially subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously or by perfusion. The composition of the invention is equally effective and advantageous when administered orally alone or in the form of a galenic. Encapsulation of these compositions in galenic form, eg in capsule form or in the form of spheroids or liposomes, enables them to cross the gastric barrier.
实施本发明的最好模式Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
本发明是基于下列发现:尽管胞壁酰二肽(MDP)一般用作疫苗制品的成份去诱导对疫苗抗原簇的免疫,但实际上,这些胞壁酰肽化合物在体内能和hCG活性协同作用,而不是拮抗hCG的活性。尽管上面提到了本领域教导的东西,胞壁酰肽化合物和hCG组合使用在HIV感染和别的威胁生命的症状,如癌症的治疗,预防和控制中是有用的。The present invention is based on the discovery that although muramyl dipeptides (MDPs) are commonly used as components of vaccine preparations to induce immunity to vaccine antigenic clusters, these muramyl peptide compounds actually act synergistically with hCG activity in vivo , rather than antagonizing the activity of hCG. Notwithstanding what is taught in the art above, the combination of muramyl peptide compounds and hCG is useful in the treatment, prevention and management of HIV infection and other life-threatening conditions, such as cancer.
后文使用的术语“持续输送装置”,指的是一些特异的装置,如经皮贴片,皮下移植以及含药的泵。The term "continuous delivery device" as used hereinafter refers to specific devices such as transdermal patches, subcutaneous implants and medicated pumps.
后文使用的术语“缓慢释放制剂”指的是药物输送形式而不是持续的输送装置,包括未在本领域提及的和hCG制剂相关的hCG制剂。The term "slow release formulation" as used hereinafter refers to a drug delivery form rather than a sustained delivery device, including hCG formulations not mentioned in the art in relation to hCG formulations.
术语“佐剂”定义的是掺入到抗原中或和抗原一起注射的物质。佐剂非特异地增强随后对抗原的免疫应答。应用免疫治疗用佐剂的一个主要目的是通过施用更少剂量的低水平抗原比施用等量水性抗原获得更持久的高水平体液或细胞介导的免疫。佐剂通常和无生命的试剂(取代有生命的微生物)组合使用用于疫苗制备。佐剂也能有效地提高对低免疫原性或非免疫原性的肿瘤细胞以及由胞内物质感染的细胞的免疫应答,这些胞内物质在体内已经存在,不能被自然诱发的免疫应答所足够阻止。The term "adjuvant" defines a substance that is incorporated into or injected with an antigen. Adjuvants non-specifically enhance subsequent immune responses to antigens. A major purpose of using adjuvants for immunotherapy is to achieve longer-lasting high-level humoral or cell-mediated immunity by administering smaller doses of low-level antigen than the equivalent amount of aqueous antigen. Adjuvants are often used in vaccine preparation in combination with non-living agents (in place of living microorganisms). Adjuvants are also effective in enhancing the immune response to tumor cells with low or non-immunogenicity and to cells infected with intracellular material that is already present in the body and cannot be adequately responded to by a naturally induced immune response Prevent.
下文中使用的术语“乳化剂”意思是指从氧化亚烷和/或六元醇和/或高级天然脂肪酸如酯或酯-醚衍生的非离子型表面活性化合物。The term "emulsifier" as used hereinafter means a nonionic surface-active compound derived from alkylene oxides and/or hexahydric alcohols and/or higher natural fatty acids such as esters or ester-ethers.
术语“弗氏完全佐剂”(CFA)指的是一种效果强大的免疫刺激剂,它已经和许多抗原在实验基础上成功地使用了。CFA包括矿物油,乳化剂/稳定剂如失水山梨醇酯A,和杀伤性分枝杆菌如结核分枝杆菌。水性抗原/蛋白溶液和这些成分混和在一起形成油包水的乳化剂。然而,CFA会引起很严重的副作用,包括疼痛,形成脓肿以及发烧,这样会阻止它在人用或兽用疫苗中的使用。副作用主要是由病人对CFA中分枝杆菌成分的反应产生的。The term "Complete Freund's Adjuvant" (CFA) refers to a potent immunostimulant that has been used successfully on an experimental basis with many antigens. CFAs include mineral oil, emulsifiers/stabilizers such as sorbitan A, and killer mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aqueous antigen/protein solution and these ingredients are mixed together to form a water-in-oil emulsion. However, CFA can cause serious side effects, including pain, abscess formation, and fever, which prevent its use in human or veterinary vaccines. Side effects are primarily produced by the patient's response to the mycobacterial component of CFA.
“弗氏不完全佐剂”(IFA)除了没有细菌成分,和CFA相似。尽管在美国没有被批准使用,但IFA在其他国家已用于若干类型的疫苗。IFA在人体中已经成功地与流行性感冒和脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗以及其他一些动物疫苗中包括狂犬病,犬瘟热,和口蹄疫疫苗一起使用了。实验表明,IFA中用的油和乳化剂均能引起小鼠出现肿瘤,这意味着选择一种替代佐剂是用于人的较好选择。"Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant" (IFA) is similar to CFA except that it has no bacterial component. Although not approved for use in the United States, IFA has been used in several types of vaccines in other countries. IFA has been used successfully in humans with influenza and poliovirus vaccines and several other animal vaccines including rabies, distemper, and foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. Experiments have shown that both the oil and the emulsifier used in IFA can cause tumors in mice, which means that choosing an alternative adjuvant is a better choice for use in humans.
胞壁酰二肽(MDP)表示的是分枝杆菌细胞壁复合物中的最小单位,用CFA可以观察到它具佐剂活性。已经产生了许多人工合成的MDP类似物,它们表现出范围更宽的佐剂潜能和副作用。三种类似物作疫苗佐剂时特别有用,它们是MDP的苏氨酰衍生物,MDP的n-丁基衍生物以及胞壁酰三肽的亲脂衍生物(参看美国专利NO5709879)。这些化合物能有效地刺激体液和细胞介导的免疫,而只表现出低水平的毒性。这种胞壁酰肽有一个磷脂尾巴,这样就使得这个分子的疏水部分和脂环境相连,而胞壁酰肽部分则和水性环境结合。因此,MTP-PE本身能作为一种乳化试剂,用来生产稳定的水包油乳液。Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) represents the smallest unit in the mycobacterial cell wall complex, and its adjuvant activity can be observed with CFA. A number of synthetic MDP analogs have been produced which exhibit a wider range of adjuvant potential and side effects. Three analogues are particularly useful as vaccine adjuvants, threonyl derivatives of MDP, n-butyl derivatives of MDP and lipophilic derivatives of muramyl tripeptide (see US Patent No. 5709879). These compounds potently stimulate humoral and cell-mediated immunity while exhibiting only low levels of toxicity. The muramyl peptide has a phospholipid tail, which allows the hydrophobic portion of the molecule to associate with the lipid environment, while the muramyl peptide portion binds to the aqueous environment. Therefore, MTP-PE itself can be used as an emulsifying agent to produce a stable oil-in-water emulsion.
术语“胞壁酰肽”对本领域的技术人员而言有一个明确的意思。它尤其是指含一个或多个糖残基的,至少是含一个糖残基的化合物,这个化合物通常是一个胞壁酸残基,被至少一个或多个(通常是2或多个)氨基酸残基取代。胞壁酰肽化合物是肽聚糖,它们能增强哺乳动物细胞的抗原性反应,以及它们是胞壁酰二肽(MDP)的原型或其类似物或其衍生物。The term "muramoyl peptide" has a clear meaning for those skilled in the art. It especially refers to a compound containing one or more sugar residues, at least one sugar residue, usually a muramic acid residue, replaced by at least one or more (usually 2 or more) amino acids residue substitution. The muramyl peptide compounds are peptidoglycans, which enhance the antigenic response of mammalian cells, and they are the prototype of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) or its analogs or derivatives.
许多以前公开的胞壁酰肽化合物在治疗或预防进行性白血病和败血性休克中发挥作用,具有免疫强化的抗细菌活性。然而,胞壁酰肽分子只在免疫活性宿主中有效。有代表性的胞壁酰肽请参看美国专利No5506204和5534492,在这里一并引作参考。Many previously disclosed muramyl peptide compounds play a role in the treatment or prevention of progressive leukemia and septic shock, and possess immunopotentiating antibacterial activity. However, muramyl peptide molecules are only effective in immunocompetent hosts. For representative muramyl peptides see US Patent Nos. 5,506,204 and 5,534,492, which are incorporated herein by reference.
多种胞壁酰二肽的原型类似物都是已知的,其中的一些被提出用作免疫功能或免疫系统的非特异性刺激恢复的治疗手段。这些类似物及原型MDP本身被总称为“胞壁酰肽”。A variety of prototypical analogues of muramyl dipeptides are known, some of which have been proposed as therapeutic means for restoration of immune function or non-specific stimulation of the immune system. These analogs, and the prototype MDP itself, are collectively referred to as "muramoyl peptides".
本发明的第一方面是提供了一种胞壁酰肽化合物和水溶性生物活性蛋白如hCG的组合物。In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composition of a muramyl peptide compound and a water-soluble bioactive protein such as hCG.
无需局限于hCG,其他治疗剂也予以考虑,包括但不限于胰岛素,胰高血糖素,降钙素,心房肽,促胰液素,缩胆囊素,促甲状腺激素释放胸腺五肽,促肾上腺皮质激素,生长激素释放因子,脑啡肽,催产素,血管升压素和促黄体生成素释放激素。这些组合物也可另外被配制成基质物质,它选自脱乙酰壳多糖,藻胶,饱和的多糖甘油酯(polyglycolysed glyceride),甘油棕油硬脂酸甲酯,多元醇的C12到C22的饱和脂肪酸酯,甘油基和聚乙二醇山俞酸甲酯,聚环氧乙烷和甘草酸铵盐等。Without being limited to hCG, other therapeutic agents are also considered, including but not limited to insulin, glucagon, calcitonin, atrial peptide, secretin, cholecystokinin, thyrotropin-releasing thymopentin, corticotropin , growth hormone releasing factor, enkephalins, oxytocin, vasopressin and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. These compositions may additionally be formulated as a matrix material selected from the group consisting of chitosan, algin, saturated polyglycolysed glyceride, glycerol palm oil methyl stearate, saturated C12 to C22 polyols Fatty acid esters, glyceryl and polyethylene glycol methyl behenate, polyethylene oxide and ammonium glycyrrhizinate, etc.
佐剂选自单磷酰脂A,脂A,匙孔血蓝蛋白,组氨酸标签,明矾,弗氏佐剂,β-gal,棕榈酸,皂苷,脂多糖,BCG细胞壁骨架,monomycolate海藻糖,dimycolate海藻糖,脂X,异丙肌苷,lithosperman(A,B或C),和胞壁酰二肽(MDP)脂交联物。这些脂可以是饱和和或非饱和的磷脂或糖脂。优选的脂选自1,2二-肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱,1,2-二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱,1,2-二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰甘油,胆固醇及它们的组合。Adjuvants selected from monophosphoryl lipid A, lipid A, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, histidine tag, alum, Freund's adjuvant, β-gal, palmitic acid, saponin, lipopolysaccharide, BCG cell wall skeleton, monomycolate trehalose , dimycolate trehalose, lipid X, isoprinosine, lithosperman (A, B or C), and muramyl dipeptide (MDP) lipid crosslinks. These lipids may be saturated and or unsaturated phospholipids or glycolipids. Preferred lipids are selected from 1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, 1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol, cholesterol and combinations thereof.
适合制备速溶组合物的固体脂的例子是由天然的、偶数的、链长范围在C10-C18的没有分枝的脂肪酸组成的甘油三酯,或由天然来源的、饱和的、偶数的和没有分枝的脂肪酸组成的微结晶的甘油三脂,如三葵酸甘油酯,三月桂酰甘油酯,三豆蔻酰甘油酯,三棕榈酰甘油酯和三硬脂酸甘油脂(tristearin)。总之,任何在成批检测时能在室温(25℃)中提供固相的脂类成分或脂类成分的混合物,适合用作脂核。Examples of solid fats suitable for the preparation of instant compositions are triglycerides composed of natural, even-numbered, unbranched fatty acids in the chain length range C10-C18, or of natural origin, saturated, even-numbered and unbranched. Microcrystalline triglycerides composed of branched fatty acids such as tricaprin, trilauroyl, trimyristoyl, tripalmitoyl and tristearin. In conclusion, any lipid component or mixture of lipid components that provides a solid phase at room temperature (25° C.) when assayed in batches is suitable for use as a lipid core.
用来制造速溶组合物的优选磷脂有天然的磷脂,如豆磷脂,卵磷脂,磷脂酰甘油,磷脂酰肌醇,磷脂酰乙醇胺,磷脂酸,鞘磷脂,二磷脂酰甘油,磷脂酰丝氨酸,磷脂酰胆碱,心磷脂等,和合成的磷脂如二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱,二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰甘油,二硬脂酸磷脂酰甘油,二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱,单磷酰脂A,二磷酰脂A等以及羟基化或部分羟基化的卵磷脂和磷脂。Preferred phospholipids for use in making instant compositions are natural phospholipids such as soy lecithin, lecithin, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, sphingomyelin, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, phospholipids Acylcholine, cardiolipin, etc., and synthetic phospholipids such as dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol, distearylphosphatidylglycerol, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, monophosphoryl A, diphosphoryl lipids A, etc. and hydroxylated or partially hydroxylated lecithin and phospholipids.
非天然的表面活性剂和去污剂可以任选地以一定数量掺入到本发明的组合物中。这里使用的术语“表面活性剂”或“去污剂”包括范围很广的人造分子,它们在水溶液中形成微胶粒,包含亲脂和亲水区域。总之,乳化剂包括山梨聚糖酯,聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖单,二或三酯,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸脂及它们的组合。非天然的表面活性剂的例子包括,但不限于聚山梨酸酯(“Tween”或单油酸失水山梨醇酯),十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),聚乙氧基化蓖麻油(“CREMOPHOR”),NP-40和许多别的人工合成分子。此外,若干人工合成的表面活性剂,如二甲基双十八烷基溴化铵(DDA),某些线性聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯(POP-POE)嵌段多聚体(商业上可以获得,其商标为PLUPONIC),据报道有佐剂的活性。其中,泊洛沙姆401,普流罗尼L62LF,普流罗尼L101,普流罗尼L64,PEG1000,特强尼1501,特强尼150R1,特强尼701,特强尼901,特强尼1301,Atmos300,Tween 20,Tween 40,Tween 60,Tween 80和特强尼130R1是尤其期望的。乳化剂也包含失水山梨醇酯A或失水山梨醇酯80或Span80(所谓的单油酸二缩甘露醇)。这些佐剂可以用于不同的剂量。例如在速溶组合物中,当失水山梨醇酯A或失水山梨醇酯80或Span80的优选范围介于大约2-15%重量之间时,Tween 80的范围就在0.2-0.4%重量。总之,表面活性剂占组合物的总重少于30%,优选的是少于25%,更优选的是少于10%,而最优选的是少于5%。Non-natural surfactants and detergents can optionally be incorporated in the compositions of the present invention in amounts. The term "surfactant" or "detergent" as used herein includes a wide range of artificial molecules which form micelles in aqueous solution, containing lipophilic and hydrophilic regions. In general, emulsifiers include sorbitan esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-, di- or triesters, polyoxyethylene fatty acids, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters and combinations thereof. Examples of non-natural surfactants include, but are not limited to, polysorbate ("Tween" or sorbitan monooleate), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyethoxylated castor oil ( "CREMOPHOR"), NP-40 and many other synthetic molecules. In addition, several synthetic surfactants, such as dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), certain linear polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene (POP-POE) block polymers (commercially available obtained under the trademark PLUPONIC), which is reported to have adjuvant activity. Among them, Poloxamer 401, Pluronic L62LF, Pluronic L101, Pluronic L64, PEG1000, Extra Jonny 1501, Extra Jonny 150R1, Extra Jonny 701, Extra Jonny 901, Extra Strong Ni 1301, Atmos 300, Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80 and Tyjonny 130R1 are particularly desirable. Emulsifiers also include Sorbitan A or Sorbitan 80 or Span 80 (so-called mannide monooleate). These adjuvants can be used in different dosages. For example in instant compositions, while the preferred range of Sorbitan A or Sorbitan 80 or Span 80 is between about 2-15% by weight, Tween 80 is in the range of 0.2-0.4% by weight. In general, the surfactant comprises less than 30%, preferably less than 25%, more preferably less than 10%, and most preferably less than 5% by weight of the total composition.
MDP的功能等效物,包括但不限于胞壁酰二肽或三肽,如N-乙酰葡糖胺基-N-乙酰-胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺(GMDP),N-乙酰-D-葡糖胺基(β-1,4)-N-乙酰-胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-乙酰葡糖胺基-N-乙酰-胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-谷氨酸(GMDP-A),胞壁酰二肽磷脂酰乙醇胺,胞壁酰三肽磷脂酰乙醇胺,胞壁酰三肽磷脂酰乙醇胺,GGP11637(去甲-MDP),α(N-乙酰-胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺),β,γ-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油,α(N-乙酰-胞壁酰-D-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺),β,γ-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油,α(N-乙酰-胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺-L-丙氨酸),β,γ-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油,α(N-乙酰-胞壁酰-D-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺-L-丙氨酸),β,γ-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺-L-丙氨酸-2-(1,2-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油-3-羟磷酰氧基)乙酰胺,葡糖胺基胞壁酰肽,murametide,murabutide,muradimetide,myramistin,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-苏氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-α-氨基丁酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,6-O-硬脂酰-N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-α-氨基丁基-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-缬氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-乙酰-去甲基胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-谷氨酰胺丁基酯,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丝氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-丁基胞壁酰-L-α-氨基丁基-D-异谷氨酰胺,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-苏氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺,双(6-O-胞壁酰二肽)O-棕榈酰丙醇二酸,胞壁酰三肽磷脂酰乙醇胺,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺酰-L-丙氨酸-2-(1,2-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油-3-(羟磷酰氧基))乙酰胺,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-谷氨酰胺丁基酯,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺酰-L-丙氨酸-2-1,2-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油-3-(羟磷酰氧基)乙酰胺(MTP-PE),胆固醇-MDP,N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-丙氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺的β-丁基糖苷,2-乙酰氨基-4,6-二-O-乙酰-2-脱氧-3-O-[(R)1-(甲氧羰基)乙基]-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖,(β-丁基MDP,MTPO-26,β-胆固醇-MDP),皂苷(Taurosid I),N-乙酰去甲-胞壁酰-L-N-甲基丙酰-D-异谷氨酰胺辛酰胺,UDP-N-乙酰胞壁酰五肽,L4-MDP-ONB,L-丙氨酰-γ-D-谷氨酰-中-二氨基庚二酸,1,6-脱水胞壁酰二肽,N-乙酰葡糖胺基-β-1,4-N-乙酰胞壁酰五肽-焦磷酰-十一萜醇,3-O-[乙酰胞壁酰-D-异谷氨酰胺酰]-1,2-二棕榈酰-sn-甘油,L-苏氨酰-MDP-GDP,L-异苏氨酰-MDP-GDP,海藻糖6,6-二酯,胞壁酰二肽,B30胞壁酰二肽和胞壁酰二肽-赖氨酸。Functional equivalents of MDP, including but not limited to muramyl dipeptides or tripeptides, such as N-acetylglucosaminyl-N-acetyl-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine ( GMDP), N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl (β-1,4)-N-acetyl-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, N-acetylglucosaminyl- N-acetyl-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate (GMDP-A), muramyl dipeptide phosphatidylethanolamine, muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine, muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine Ethanolamine, GGP11637 (nor-MDP), α(N-acetyl-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine), β, γ-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol, α(N- Acetyl-muramoyl-D-alanyl-D-isoglutamine), β,γ-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol, α(N-acetyl-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D- isoglutamine-L-alanine), β,γ-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol, α(N-acetyl-muramoyl-D-alanyl-D-isoglutamine-L-propanyl amino acid), β, γ-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine-L-alanine-2-(1,2-di Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-hydroxyphosphoryloxy)acetamide, glucosamine muramyl peptide, murametide, murabutide, muradimetide, myramistin, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-threonyl-D- Isglutamine, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-α-aminobutyryl-D-isoglutamine, 6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-α-aminobutyl- D-isoglutamine, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-valyl-D-isoglutamine, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, N-acetyl -Desmethylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamine butyl ester, N-acetylmuramoyl- L-seryl-D-isoglutamine, N-butylmuramoyl-L-α-aminobutyl-D-isoglutamine, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-threonyl-D - Isglutamine, bis(6-O-muramoyl dipeptide) O-palmitoyl propanol diacid, muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D -Isoglutamyl-L-alanine-2-(1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-(hydroxyphosphoryloxy))acetamide, N-acetylmuramoyl-L- Alanyl-D-glutamine butyl ester, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-L-alanine-2-1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn-glycerol-3-(hydroxyphosphoryloxy)acetamide (MTP-PE), cholesterol-MDP, beta-butylglycoside of N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine , 2-acetylamino-4,6-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-3-O-[(R)1-(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl]-α-D-glucopyranose, (β- Butyl MDP, MTPO-26, β-cholesterol-MDP), saponin (Taurosid I), N-acetylnor-muramoyl-L-N-methylpropionyl-D-isoglutamine octanamide, UDP-N -Acetylmuramoyl pentapeptide, L4-MDP-ONB, L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-medium-diaminopimelic acid, 1,6-anhydromuramoyl dipeptide, N-acetyl Glucosaminyl-β-1, 4-N-acetylmuramoylpentapeptide-pyrophosphoryl-undedeterpene alcohol, 3-O-[acetylmuramoyl-D-isoglutaminyl]-1, 2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol, L-threonyl-MDP-GDP, L-isothreonyl-MDP-GDP, trehalose 6,6-diester, muramyl dipeptide, B30 muramyl Dipeptide and muramyl dipeptide-lysine.
可以理解氨酰基残基可以是选自丙氨酰基,缬氨酰基,亮氨酰基,异亮氨酰基,α-氨丁基,苏氨酰基,甲硫氨酰基,半胱氨酰基,谷氨酰基,异谷氨酰基,谷氨酰胺酰基,异谷氨酰胺酰基,天冬氨酰基,苯丙氨酰基,酪氨酰基,色氨酰基,赖氨酰基,鸟氨酰基,精氨酰基,组氨酰基,天冬酰氨酰基,脯氨酰基,羟脯氨酰基,丝氨酰基和甘氨酰基中氨酰基部分的任一个。It is understood that the aminoacyl residue may be selected from alanyl, valyl, leucyl, isoleucyl, α-aminobutyl, threonyl, methionyl, cysteinyl, glutamyl , isoglutamyl, glutaminyl, isoglutaminyl, aspartyl, phenylalanyl, tyrosyl, tryptophanyl, lysyl, ornithyl, arginyl, histidyl , any one of the aminoacyl moieties of aspartyl, prolyl, hydroxyprolyl, seryl and glycyl.
别的胞壁酰肽衍生物包括那些用L-苏氨酰残基替代胞壁酰肽基中的L丙氨酰残基的化合物。此外,使用在糖基的1,4,6位上有取代基的佐剂胞壁酰肽也是有可能的,条件是它们和上文提到的优选胞壁酰肽具相同的有利效果。无需限于上述胞壁酰肽的衍生物,那些例如已经在美国专利No4158052,4220637,4323559,4323560,4409209,4423038,4185089,4406889,4082735,4082736,4427659,4461761,4314998,4101536,4369178,5075287,5376369,5264431和5709879(在此一并引作参考)中公开的衍生物在本发明中具有同等的用处。Additional muramyl peptide derivatives include those in which the L-alanyl residue in the muramyl peptidyl group is replaced by an L-threonyl residue. Furthermore, it is also possible to use adjuvant muramyl peptides having substituents at the 1, 4, 6 positions of the glycosyl groups, provided that they have the same advantageous effects as the preferred muramyl peptides mentioned above.无需限于上述胞壁酰肽的衍生物,那些例如已经在美国专利No4158052,4220637,4323559,4323560,4409209,4423038,4185089,4406889,4082735,4082736,4427659,4461761,4314998,4101536,4369178,5075287,5376369 , 5264431 and 5709879 (incorporated herein by reference) are equally useful in the present invention.
组合物中的其他有用的添加剂包括N-环己酰精氨酸,N-环己酰酪氨酸和N-环己酰亮氨酸的混合物,N-苯基磺酰缬氨酸、N-苯基磺酰亮氨酸、N-苯基磺酰苯丙氨酸、N-苯基磺酰赖氨酸和N-苯基磺酰精氨酸的混合物,以及N-苯甲酰缬氨酸、N-苯甲酰亮氨酸、N-苯甲酰苯丙氨酸、N-苯甲酰赖氨酸、N-苯甲酰精氨酸和稳定剂如2-环己基丁酸钠的混合物。Other useful additives in the composition include N-cyclohexyl arginine, a mixture of N-cyclohexyl tyrosine and N-cyclohexyl leucine, N-phenylsulfonyl valine, N- A mixture of phenylsulfonylleucine, N-phenylsulfonylphenylalanine, N-phenylsulfonyllysine, and N-phenylsulfonylarginine, and N-benzoylvaline , N-benzoylleucine, N-benzoylphenylalanine, N-benzoyllysine, N-benzoylarginine and a mixture of stabilizers such as sodium 2-cyclohexylbutyrate .
无需限于上述成分,一个本领域的技术人员能想到的有卵清蛋白,霍乱毒素,酰化的氨基酸及其盐,含有至少一种酰化的氨基酸或其盐的多氨基酸,一种磺酸化的氨基酸及其盐,或这些物质的任何组合。这种组合物也包含微球体。Without being limited to the above ingredients, one skilled in the art can think of ovalbumin, cholera toxin, acylated amino acid and its salt, polyamino acid containing at least one acylated amino acid or its salt, a sulfonated Amino acids and their salts, or any combination of these substances. Such compositions also contain microspheres.
用于形成微球体的多聚体基质是本领域众所周知的。例如,包含酶,激素,疫苗和其它生物制品的半透性的微球体,在美国专利No5643605中被公开了。另一个美国专利No5075109公开了一种方法,这种方法通过施用一种混合物促进免疫应答,这种混合物至少由两群含生物活性剂的微球体组成,其中一群微球体的大小介于约1-10μm。美国专利No4293539公开了共聚物中活性成分的可控制释放制剂,而共聚物由大约60-95%重量的乳酸和大约40-4%重量的乙醇酸衍生而成。美国专利No4919929公开了一种具生物相容性基质有形结构的抗原物质的施用。美国专利No4767628公开了一种含活性的酸稳定多肽和聚丙交酯的组合物,当把这种组合物置于水性生理环境中时,它基本上以一种单相方式,以大致恒定的速率释放多肽。美国专利No4962091公开了一种在聚丙交酯基质中的水溶性大分子多肽的微悬浮液。美国专利No4849228和4728721公开了一种可生物降解的高分子量多聚体,其特征是水溶性低分子量化合物的含量小于0.01mol/100g高分子量多聚体,计算的依据是假设这种化合物是一元酸。美国专利No4902515和4719246公开了聚丙交酯组合物,它包含与聚(S-丙交酯)区段连结的聚(R-丙交酯)区段。美国专利No4990336公开了一种多阶段持续释放系统,它包含以微球体形式胶囊化的过敏原提取物,微球体是一种可生物侵蚀的胶囊化多聚体,它使得过敏原能分阶段的持续释放。这个系统包括过敏原提取物的第一部分和第二部分,通过注射,第一部分以一种方式被释放,在这种方式中,起始变应原性(allergenicity)被最小化,产生一种和正常情况下施用低剂量的常规过敏原所观察到的相似的适度局部反应,而第二部分提供基本上剂量更高的过敏原提取物,它在病人中会产生一种严重的反应,如果没有释放过敏原提取物的第一部分。美国专利No4897268公开了微胶囊输送系统,其中成分被胶囊化在按不同摩尔比率配成的可生物降解的共聚物赋形剂中,这样,成份就会在一个延长的时期以恒定速率输送。因此,制造和使用微球体的不同手段是已知的,可以轻易地用于本发明目的。Polymeric matrices for forming microspheres are well known in the art. For example, semipermeable microspheres containing enzymes, hormones, vaccines and other biological products are disclosed in US Patent No. 5,643,605. Another U.S. Patent No. 5,075,109 discloses a method of promoting an immune response by administering a mixture consisting of at least two populations of bioactive agent-containing microspheres, wherein a population of microspheres is between about 1- 10 μm. US Patent No. 4,293,539 discloses controlled release formulations of active ingredients in copolymers derived from about 60-95% by weight lactic acid and about 40-4% by weight glycolic acid. US Patent No. 4919929 discloses the administration of an antigenic material having a tangible structure of a biocompatible matrix. U.S. Patent No. 4,767,628 discloses a composition comprising an active acid-stable polypeptide and polylactide which, when placed in an aqueous physiological environment, releases it substantially in a monophasic manner at an approximately constant rate peptide. US Patent No. 4962091 discloses a microsuspension of water-soluble macromolecular polypeptides in a polylactide matrix. U.S. Patent Nos. 4,849,228 and 4,728,721 disclose a biodegradable high-molecular-weight polymer, which is characterized in that the content of water-soluble low-molecular-weight compounds is less than 0.01mol/100g of high-molecular-weight polymers. The calculation is based on the assumption that this compound is a unitary acid. US Patent Nos. 4,902,515 and 4,719,246 disclose polylactide compositions comprising poly(R-lactide) segments linked to poly(S-lactide) segments. US Patent No 4990336 discloses a multi-stage sustained release system comprising allergen extracts encapsulated in the form of microspheres, which are bioerodible encapsulated polymers that allow the allergen to be released in stages. Sustained release. This system consists of a first part of an allergen extract and a second part, by injection, the first part is released in a manner in which the initial allergenicity is minimized, producing a and Normally similar modest local reactions are observed with low doses of conventional allergens, while the second part provides substantially higher doses of allergen extracts which would produce a severe reaction in patients if not Release the first part of the allergen extract. US Patent No. 4,897,268 discloses microencapsulated delivery systems in which ingredients are encapsulated in biodegradable copolymer excipients formulated in varying molar ratios so that the ingredients are delivered at a constant rate over an extended period of time. Thus, different means of making and using microspheres are known and can readily be used for the purposes of the present invention.
本发明的微球体也包括脂质体。适合形成脂质体的组合物在技术文献众所周知,而组合物在本领域也很丰富。优选的脂类组合物是那些能变成磷脂的组合物,如磷脂酰胆碱(一种脂肪酸衍生物,含有12-20个碳原子)(特别是16-20个碳原子),磷脂酰丝氨酸,磷脂酰肌醇,磷脂酰乙醇胺,磷脂酰甘油和磷脂酸。这些磷脂化合物可以单独使用也可混合使用。尤其有利的是采用合成或天然的二硬脂酰磷脂酰胆碱(DSPC)或磷脂酰胆碱的混合物,以及磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)或磷脂酰甘油(PG)的混合物。有利的是,这些脂质体是由含上面提及的磷脂混合物组成的,在这个混合物中,一般是7倍体积的DSPC或磷脂酸胆碱(PC)对1-10倍体积,优选的是3倍体积的PS。当含有本发明衍生物的脂质体以单层脂质或多层脂质的形式出现时,它的生物活性被证明一样的好。优选地,脂质体粒子的大小大于或等于0.1μm,例如,介于1-10μm。Microspheres of the present invention also include liposomes. Compositions suitable for forming liposomes are well known in the technical literature and compositions are abundant in the art. Preferred lipid compositions are those that become phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine (a fatty acid derivative containing 12-20 carbon atoms) (especially 16-20 carbon atoms), phosphatidylserine , phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidic acid. These phospholipid compounds may be used alone or in combination. It is especially advantageous to use synthetic or natural distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) or mixtures of phosphatidylcholines, and mixtures of phosphatidylserine (PS) or phosphatidylglycerol (PG). Advantageously, these liposomes are composed of the above-mentioned phospholipid mixture, in this mixture, generally 7 times the volume of DSPC or phosphatidic acid choline (PC) to 1-10 times the volume, preferably 3 times the volume of PS. The biological activity of the liposomes containing the derivatives of the present invention proved to be equally good when they were presented as unilamellar lipids or as multilamellar lipids. Preferably, the size of the liposome particles is greater than or equal to 0.1 μm, eg, between 1-10 μm.
本发明的化合物可以用作非特异抗微生物抗性的调制剂,用于全身性增强免疫应答和非特异性免疫。The compounds of the present invention can be used as modulators of non-specific antimicrobial resistance for systemic enhancement of immune responses and non-specific immunity.
因此,这表明例如在对免疫应答下降的症状,尤其是细胞和体液免疫反应下降的症状和延缓型过敏反应下降的症状进行治愈性治疗或支持疗法(即,和治疗的进一步特异或支持形式一起)中,以及进一步在通常需要免疫应答的调制的症状的治疗中。Thus, this suggests, for example, curative treatment or supportive therapy (i.e., together with further specific or supportive forms of treatment) for symptoms of decreased immune response, especially cellular and humoral immune responses and decreased symptoms of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. ), and further in the treatment of conditions that often require modulation of the immune response.
它在病理状态的治愈性治疗或支持疗法中特别有用,病理状态和自发性免疫缺陷或老年病人或重度烧伤或全身性感染病人中所遇到缺陷型相关。It is particularly useful in the curative treatment or supportive care of pathological conditions associated with autoimmune deficiency or with deficiencies encountered in elderly patients or patients with severe burns or systemic infections.
本发明的化合物进一步在病毒感染如传播性疱疹和传播性水痘感染、HIV感染以及恶性肿瘤的治愈性治疗或支持疗法中有用。The compounds of the invention are further useful in the curative or supportive treatment of viral infections such as disseminated herpes and disseminated varicella infections, HIV infections and malignancies.
缓慢释放的hCG可以考虑用于RNA和DNA病毒。这包括,但不限于肝炎病毒,疱疹病毒,流感病毒和裂谷热病毒。Slow-release hCG can be considered for RNA and DNA viruses. This includes, but is not limited to hepatitis virus, herpes virus, influenza virus and Rift Valley fever virus.
产生给定结果所必需的活性成份的准确数量应根据特定的化合物,大小,以及将要治疗的被试者的年龄和状况而变化,这一点对本领域的任何一个普通技术人员都是很明显的。这些数量可以利用本领域普通技术人员所知的常规方法轻易地加以决定。It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the exact amount of active ingredient necessary to produce a given result will vary with the particular compound, the size, and the age and condition of the subject to be treated. These quantities can be readily determined using routine methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
本发明的佐剂组合物和疫苗一般都是通过注射施用。然而,也可以设计更容易的给药方法,如口服。当本发明的组合物被直接用于临床治疗和预防时,它有口服和肠胃外制剂两种方式。术语“肠胃外”包括皮下,静脉内,硬膜外,灌胃,肌内,释放泵或灌输形式。这些组合物也可以不加限制地通过关节内,滑膜内,鞘内,骨膜,肿瘤内,肿瘤周围,病斑内,病斑周围,舌下,含服,经皮,局部或吸入的方式施用。它也可以作为一种敷料用于伤口或病斑。然而,这种组合物特别优选的给药方式是口服。口服时,本发明的组合物可以单独施用或和可药用载体结合做成药用制剂,如胶囊,药丸,胶质软糖,片剂,草糖,小香袋,茶包,颗粒,粉末,包衣片剂,糖衣片剂,干糊片,糖块,胶,水凝胶如亲水性吸湿多糖的粒子,泡沫,栓剂,吸入剂,汁液,shake,口香糖,牙膏,牙粉,漱口粉,糖果和乳剂。The adjuvanted compositions and vaccines of the invention are generally administered by injection. However, easier methods of administration, such as oral administration, can also be devised. When the composition of the present invention is directly used for clinical treatment and prevention, it has two forms of oral and parenteral preparations. The term "parenteral" includes subcutaneous, intravenous, epidural, gavage, intramuscular, delivery pump or infusion forms. These compositions may also be administered intraarticularly, intrasynovially, intrathecally, periosteally, intratumorally, peritumorally, intralesionally, perilesionally, sublingually, buccally, transdermally, topically or by inhalation without limitation. apply. It can also be used as a dressing on wounds or lesions. However, a particularly preferred mode of administration of such compositions is oral. When taken orally, the composition of the present invention can be administered alone or combined with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers to make pharmaceutical preparations, such as capsules, pills, gummies, tablets, straw sugar, sachets, tea bags, granules, powders , coated tablets, sugar-coated tablets, dry paste tablets, sugar cubes, gums, hydrogels such as particles of hydrophilic hygroscopic polysaccharides, foams, suppositories, inhalants, juices, shakes, chewing gum, toothpaste, tooth powder, mouthwash Powder, Confectionery and Emulsion.
合适的药用载体包括如填充物,结合剂,润滑剂,崩解剂,促进剂和湿润剂。填充物如乳糖,蔗糖,甘露醇,葡萄糖,淀粉,山梨糖醇,甘氨酸,磷酸钙和微结晶纤维;结合剂如淀粉,酪蛋白,明胶,阿拉伯胶,葡萄糖,蔗糖,山梨糖醇,甘露醇,西黄耆胶,羟基丙基纤维素,羟基丙氧基甲基纤维素,羧甲基纤维素,2-甲基-5-乙烯吡啶/甲基甲基丙烯酸/乙基丙烯酸脂共聚物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和藻酸钠,海藻酸胶;润滑剂如硬脂酸,硬化油,硬脂酸镁,硬脂酸钙,单硬脂酸聚氧乙烯,滑石粉,氧化硅和聚乙二醇;崩解剂如土豆淀粉以及含有表面活性剂等的淀粉;促进剂如硫酸镁;湿润剂如十二烷基硫酸钠。Suitable pharmaceutical carriers include fillers, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, accelerators and wetting agents. Fillers such as lactose, sucrose, mannitol, glucose, starch, sorbitol, glycine, calcium phosphate and microcrystalline fibers; binders such as starch, casein, gelatin, acacia, glucose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol , tragacanth gum, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropoxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine/methacrylic acid/ethacrylate copolymer, Polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium alginate, alginate gum; lubricants such as stearic acid, hardened oil, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, talc, silicon oxide, and polyethylene glycol ; disintegrants such as potato starch and starch containing surfactants, etc.; accelerators such as magnesium sulfate; wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulfate.
本发明的组合物也能以脂质体的形式施用。正如本领域所知,脂质体或人造脂类囊状物一般都是源自磷脂或别的脂类物质。它们也含有胞壁酰肽,可代谢的油,也可选择性地添加乳化剂。单层或多层水合液体晶体,分散在水性介质中形成脂质体。由含本发明胶囊化组合物的脂质体组成的脂质体制剂的典型制造过程包括:用将要胶囊化的材料的溶液水合脂类物质或脂质体,提供多个部分的干脂类物质或干脂质体制剂,然后用含有将要胶囊化的所述材料溶液分别与所述多个部分进行水合,以及把每一部分结合在一起形成单一的脂质体制剂,这样就形成了由含有所述胶囊化材料的脂质体组成的脂质体制剂。任何无毒的生理上可接受的代谢性脂类物质均可用来形成脂质体。脂质体形式的本发明组合物除了本发明的化合物,还包括稳定剂,防腐剂,赋形剂等。优选的脂类物质是磷脂和磷脂酰胆碱(卵磷脂),天然的或人工合成的均可以。制备脂质体的方法在本领域众所周知的。例如,cochleate含有生物相关分子成份,即负电荷脂类成份的和二价阳离子成份。Cochleate具有延长的保质期,即便是在干燥状态。摄取cochleate是有利的。The compositions of the invention can also be administered in the form of liposomes. Liposomes or artificial lipid vesicles are generally derived from phospholipids or other lipid substances, as is known in the art. They also contain muramyl peptides, metabolizable oils, optionally with added emulsifiers. Monolamellar or multilamellar hydrated liquid crystals dispersed in aqueous media to form liposomes. A typical manufacturing process for a liposomal formulation consisting of liposomes containing the encapsulating composition of the invention involves hydrating the lipid or liposome with a solution of the material to be encapsulated, providing multiple portions of dry lipid or dry liposomal formulations, then hydrate the multiple parts separately with a solution containing the material to be encapsulated, and combine each part together to form a single liposomal formulation, thus forming the A liposome formulation consisting of liposomes of the encapsulating material. Any nontoxic physiologically acceptable metabolic lipid can be used to form liposomes. The present compositions in liposome form include, in addition to the compound of the present invention, stabilizers, preservatives, excipients, and the like. Preferred lipids are phospholipids and phosphatidylcholines (lecithins), either natural or synthetic. Methods of preparing liposomes are well known in the art. For example, cochleate contains biologically relevant molecular components, namely negatively charged lipid components and divalent cationic components. Cochleate has an extended shelf life, even in the dry state. Ingestion of cochleate is beneficial.
出于上述含义,将要使用的剂量取决于待治疗疾病的性质和严重程度,给药方式以及施用的化合物形式。对于一个普通的被试者,合适的剂量是100IU-约20000IU,一次施用或分开施用。每天一到三次或更少的频率,如三天一次,一周一次或2周一次,或一月一次,甚至于每三月一次,可方便地实行反复给药。在重复施用的情况下,本发明的化合物每次注射的指定单位剂量是100IU-约10000IU,优选的大约1000-5000IU。如果治疗需要的话,一次施用的剂量也可上升到约20000IU。根据hCG商品制剂商提供的产品说明,本领域的技术人员能轻易地将hCG的IU单位转变成重量单位,反之亦然。For the above meaning, the dosage to be used will depend on the nature and severity of the disease to be treated, the mode of administration and the form of the compound administered. For an average subject, suitable doses are 100 IU to about 20000 IU, administered once or in divided doses. Repeated dosing may conveniently be effected one to three times a day or less frequently, such as once every three days, once a week or once every two weeks, or once a month, or even once every three months. In the case of repeated administration, the specified unit dose of the compound of the present invention is 100 IU to about 10000 IU per injection, preferably about 1000 to 5000 IU. Doses may also be raised to about 20,000 IU for one administration if therapeutically necessary. According to the product instructions provided by hCG commercial preparation manufacturers, those skilled in the art can easily convert the IU unit of hCG into a weight unit, and vice versa.
在许多别的和治疗适应症无关的方法中也可用本发明的组合物。例如,为了检测hCG或hCG抗体,组合物可以作为标记或非标记试剂用于不同的免疫测定,生物测定等。合适的标记包括放射性同位素,酶,荧光分子,化学发光标记,酶底物或辅因子,酶抑制剂,粒子,染料等。这些标记的试剂可用于许多众所周知的测定,如放射性免疫测定,酶联免疫测定,如ELISA,荧光免疫测定等。The compositions of the present invention can also be used in a variety of other methods not related to the therapeutic indication. For example, for the detection of hCG or hCG antibodies, the compositions can be used as labeled or unlabeled reagents in various immunoassays, biological assays, and the like. Suitable labels include radioisotopes, enzymes, fluorescent molecules, chemiluminescent labels, enzyme substrates or cofactors, enzyme inhibitors, particles, dyes, and the like. These labeled reagents can be used in many well-known assays such as radioimmunoassays, enzyme-linked immunoassays such as ELISA, fluorescent immunoassays, etc.
本发明也包括使用速溶组合物及本领域通用的药物或化合物的概念用于不同的疾病类别。在前述的化合物中,下列若干类和/或这些类的成员都是活性成份,它们属于:肾上腺皮质类固醇,肾上腺质皮抑制剂,醛固酮拮抗物,氨基酸,合成代谢物,雄激素,抗AIDS药物,蠕虫剂,抗粉刺药剂,抗肾上腺功能药物,抗变态反应物,抗阿米巴性药物,抗雄激素药物,抗贫血,抗心绞痛,抗关节炎物,抗哮喘药,抗动脉粥样剂,抗细菌剂,抗霍乱剂,anticholelithogenic,抗胆碱能剂,抗凝血剂,抗球虫剂,抗糖尿病药,抗腹泻剂,抗利尿剂,解毒剂,抗雌激素,抗纤维蛋白酶,抗真菌剂,抗青光眼药剂,抗血友病药,抗出血药,抗组胺剂,抗高脂血症药,抗高脂蛋白血药,抗高血压剂,抗低血压剂,抗感染剂,抗局部感染剂,抗炎症药,抗角质化药剂,抗疟疾药,抗微生物的,抗有丝分裂,抗真菌病药,抗瘤剂,抗嗜中性白细胞减少剂,抗寄生药,逆蠕动剂,抗肺囊虫病药,抗增殖剂,抗前列腺肥大剂,抗原生动物药,抗搔痒剂,治牛皮癣药,抗风湿病药,抗血吸虫药,抗脂溢性剂,抗分泌剂,镇痛剂,抗凝剂,止咳剂,抗溃疡剂,抗尿石剂,抗病毒剂;食欲遏抑剂,良性前列腺增生治疗剂,骨吸收抑制剂,支气管扩张剂,碳酸酐酶抑制剂,心脏抑制药,心脏保护剂,强心剂,心血管剂,利胆剂,胆碱能药物,胆碱能激动剂,胆碱脂酶钝化剂,抑球虫剂;诊断用辅助药,利尿剂,杀外寄生物药,酶抑制剂,雌激素,纤维蛋白,氧自由基清除剂;糖皮质激素;性腺刺激素,毛发生长刺激物,止血剂,激素,低胆甾醇血的,低血糖的,低血脂的,低血压的,免疫剂,免疫调制剂,免疫调节剂,免疫刺激剂,免疫抑制剂,阳痿治疗附加物,抑制剂,角质层分离的,LHRH激动剂,肝紊乱治疗剂,黄体溶解素,粘液溶解,放瞳剂,鼻子去充血剂,神经肌肉阻断剂,非激素固醇衍生物,催产素,纤溶酶原激活物,血小板活化因子拮抗物,血小板聚集抑制物,增效剂,孕酮,前列腺素,前列腺素生长抑制剂,前促甲状腺素,肺面,放射性物质,调节物,舒张物,再分配剂,灭疥螨剂,硬化剂,选择性腺苷A1拮抗剂,类固醇抑制剂,炎性多发性硬化,增效剂,甲状腺激素,甲状腺抑制剂,thyromimetic,肌萎缩单侧硬化剂,派杰氏病试剂,不稳定心绞痛药剂,排尿酸剂,血管收缩肌,血管舒张剂,创伤药,伤口治愈试剂以及黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂等。The present invention also includes the concept of using instant compositions and drugs or compounds commonly used in the art for different disease categories. In the aforementioned compounds, the following classes and/or members of these classes are active ingredients, belonging to: adrenocorticosteroids, adrenocorticoinhibitors, aldosterone antagonists, amino acids, anabolics, androgens, anti-AIDS drugs , anthelmintics, anti-acne agents, anti-adrenal agents, anti-allergic agents, anti-amoeba drugs, anti-androgenic drugs, anti-anemia, anti-angina pectoris, anti-arthritic agents, anti-asthma drugs, anti-atherogenic agents , antibacterial, anticholera, anticholelithogenic, anticholinergic, anticoagulant, anticoccidial, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antidiuretic, antidote, antiestrogens, antifibrinolytics, Antifungal Agent, Antiglaucoma Agent, Antihemophilic Agent, Antihemorrhagic Agent, Antihistamine Agent, Antihyperlipidemic Agent, Antihyperlipoproteinemic Agent, Antihypertensive Agent, Antihypotensive Agent, Antiinfective Agent , Antitopic Infectious Agents, Antiinflammatory Agents, Antikeratotic Agents, Antimalarial Agents, Antimicrobial, Antimitotic, Antifungal Agents, Antineoplastic Agents, Antineutropenic Agents, Antiparasitic Agents, Antiperistaltic Agents , anti-pneumocystic drugs, anti-proliferative agents, anti-prostatic hypertrophy agents, anti-protozoal drugs, anti-pruritic agents, psoriasis drugs, anti-rheumatic drugs, anti-schistosomiasis drugs, anti-seborrheic agents, anti-secretory agents, sedatives Analgesic, anticoagulant, antitussive, antiulcer, antiurolithiasis, antiviral; appetite suppressant, benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment, bone resorption inhibitor, bronchodilator, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, cardiac depressant Medicine, cardioprotective agent, cardiotonic agent, cardiovascular agent, choleretic agent, cholinergic drug, cholinergic agonist, cholinesterase inactivator, coccidial agent; auxiliary drug for diagnosis, diuretic, ectocidal Parasitic Drug, Enzyme Inhibitor, Estrogen, Fibrin, Oxygen Radical Scavenger; Glucocorticoid; Gonad Stimulator, Hair Growth Stimulator, Hemostatic Agent, Hormone, Hypocholesterolemic, Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic Hypotensive, Immune Agent, Immunomodulator, Immunomodulator, Immunostimulator, Immunosuppressant, Impotence Treatment Adjunct, Inhibitor, Keratolytic, LHRH Agonist, Hepatic Disorder Therapeutic, Luteolysin , mucolytic, mydriatic, nasal decongestant, neuromuscular blocking agent, nonhormonal steroid derivative, oxytocin, plasminogen activator, platelet activating factor antagonist, platelet aggregation inhibitor, potentiator , progesterone, prostaglandin, prostaglandin growth inhibitor, prothyrotropin, lung surface, radioactive substance, modulator, dilator, redistribution agent, scabicide, sclerosing agent, selective adenosine A1 antagonist, steroid Inhibitor, inflammatory multiple sclerosis, potentiator, thyroid hormone, thyroid suppressant, thyromimetic, amyotrophic unilateral sclerosis agent, Paget's disease agent, unstable angina agent, uricosuric agent, vasoconstrictor, vasodilation Agents, trauma medicines, wound healing agents and xanthine oxidase inhibitors, etc.
用于本发明的那些化合物可以鸡尾酒药物形式输送。所谓鸡尾酒是用上面所提到的任何一种化合物与本发明的化合物混合在一起。这种混合物并不需要在物质上混合,药物可以单独施用,按顺序施用或者同时施用。Those compounds useful in the present invention can be delivered as a drug cocktail. The so-called cocktail is any compound mentioned above mixed with the compound of the present invention. Such mixtures need not be physically mixed, and the drugs may be administered separately, sequentially or simultaneously.
人们特别感兴趣的除了艾滋病药物外还有抗癌药物,抗癌药物能与本发明的组合物一起用于给药。抗肿瘤药物包括但不限于下面这些药物:阿雪维菌素;阿克拉霉素;Acodazole Hydrochloride;AcrQnine;阿多来新;白细胞介素-2;六甲蜜胺;二霉素;乙酸阿美蒽醌;氨基导眠能;安丫啶;阿那舒唑;恩霉素;天冬酰胺酶;Asperlin;阿扎胞苷;阿扎替派;叠氮霉素;巴马司他;苯佐替派;白卡罗他迈;盐酸比生群;Bisnafide Dimesylate;比折来新;硫酸博来霉素;布列奎钠;溴匹立明;白消安;放线菌素C;Calusterone;卡醋胺;卡贝替姆;卡波铂;亚硝基脲氮芥;盐酸去甲柔红霉素;卡折来新;Cedefingol;苯丁酸氮芥;Cirolemycin;顺式铂氨;克拉利宾;Crisnatol Mesylate;环磷酰胺;阿糖胞苷;氮烯咪胺;更生霉素;盐酸道诺红霉素;地西他滨;右奥马铂;Dezaguanine;Dezaguanine Mesylate;地吖醌;泰索帝;阿霉素;盐酸多柔比星;屈洛昔芬;柠檬酸屈洛昔芬;丙酸甲氢睾酮;偶氮霉素;依达曲沙;Eflomithine Hydrochloride;依沙芦星;恩洛铂;恩普氨酯;依匹哌啶;盐酸表柔比星;Erbulozole;盐酸依索比星;雌氮芥;磷雌莫司汀钠;依他硝唑;乙碘油I131;鬼臼亚乙苷;磷依托泊苷;Etoprine;盐酸法屈唑;法扎拉滨;芬维A胺;氟尿嘧啶脱氧核苷;磷酸氟达拉滨;氟尿嘧啶;氟西他滨;磷喹酮;磷曲星钠盐;吉西他滨;盐酸吉西他滨;金Au198;羟脲;盐酸伊达比星;异环磷酰胺;伊莫福新;α-2a干扰素;α-2b干扰素;α-n1干扰素;α-n3干扰素;β-Ia干扰素;γ-Ib干扰素;异丙铂;盐酸伊立替康;醋酸兰瑞肽;来曲唑;醋酸亮丙瑞林;Liarozole Hydrochloride;洛美曲索钠盐;洛莫司汀;盐酸洛索蒽醌;马索罗酚;美登素;盐酸二氯甲基二乙胺;乙酸甲地孕酮;甲烯雌醇乙酸酯;苯丙氨酸氮芥;美诺立尔;巯嘌呤;甲氨蝶呤;甲氨蝶呤钠;Metoprine;美妥替哌;米丁度胺;Mitocarcin;丝裂红素;丝林霉素;丝林马菌素;丝裂霉素;米托司培;邻对滴滴滴;盐酸米托蒽醌;霉酚酸;诺考达唑;诺加霉素;奥马铂;亚磺酰吡啶;紫杉醇;培加帕酶;佩里霉素;奈莫司汀;硫酸培洛霉素;派磷酰胺;哌泊溴烷;哌泊舒凡;盐酸吡罗蒽醌;米拉霉素;普洛美坦;卟吩姆钠;紫菜霉素;泼尼莫司汀;盐酸甲基苄肼;嘌呤霉素;盐酸嘌呤霉素;吡唑呋喃菌素;利波腺苷;罗谷亚胺;Safmgol;Safingol Hydrochloride;司莫司汀;辛曲秦;parfosate Sodium;稀疏霉素;盐酸锗螺胺;螺莫司汀;螺铂;链黑菌素;链佐星;氯化锶Sr 89;磺氯苯脲;Talisomycin;紫杉醇类;Taxoid;Tecogalan Sodium;替加氟;盐酸替洛蒽醌;替莫卟吩;表鬼臼毒噻吩糖苷;替罗昔隆;睾内酪;Thiamiprine;硫鸟嘌呤;硫替哌;噻唑呋啉;替拉扎明;盐酸拓扑替康;枸橼酸托瑞米芬;乙酸甲诺酮;磷酸曲西立滨;三甲曲沙;三甲曲沙葡糖醛酸脂;曲谱瑞林;盐酸妥布氯唑;乌拉莫司汀;乌瑞替派;伐普肽;维速达尔;硫酸长春灭瘟碱哪;硫酸长春花新碱钠;长春地辛;硫酸长春地辛;硫酸长春匹定;硫酸长春甘酯;硫酸长春罗新;酒石酸长春瑞宾;硫酸长春罗定;硫酸长春利定;伏氯唑;折尼铂;新制癌菌素和盐酸佐柔比星。Of particular interest besides AIDS drugs are anticancer drugs which can be administered with the compositions of the invention. Antineoplastic drugs include but are not limited to the following drugs: aschevermectin; aclarmycin; Acodazole Hydrochloride; AcrQnine; ; Aminotropin; Amacridine; Anasulazole; Emmycin; Asparaginase; Asperlin; Azacitidine; Azatepa; Azidomycin; Baimastat; Benzotepa Bisantrene Hydrochloride; Bisnafide Dimesylate; Bisnafide Dimesylate; amine; carbetim; carboplatin; nitrosourea nitrogen mustard; demethyldaunorubicin hydrochloride; kezolexine; Cedefingol; chlorambucil; Cirolemycin; cis-platinum ammonia; claribin; Crisnatol Mesylate; Cyclophosphamide; Cytarabine; Dacarbazine; Dactinomycin; Daunorubicin Hydrochloride; Decitabine; Dexomaplatin; Dezaguanine; Dezaguanine Mesylate; Dezaquinone; Taxotere; Adriamycin; Doxorubicin Hydrochloride; Droloxifene; Droloxifene Citrate; Methylhydrotestosterone Propionate; Azomycin; Edatrexate; Eflomithine Hydrochloride; Elsamitrucin; Enloplatin; Emprubamate; Epiripridine; Epirubicin Hydrochloride; Erbulozole; Esorubicin Hydrochloride; Estramustine; Phosphoresstramustine Sodium; ; Etoposide phosphate; Etoprine; Fadrozole hydrochloride; Fazarabine; Fenretinide; Fluorouracil deoxynucleoside; Fludarabine phosphate; ; gemcitabine; gemcitabine hydrochloride; gold Au198; hydroxyurea; idarubicin hydrochloride; ifosfamide; imofosine; alpha-2a interferon; alpha-2b interferon; alpha-n1 interferon; β-Ia interferon; γ-Ib interferon; Isoproplatin; Irinotecan hydrochloride; Lanreotide acetate; Letrozole; Leuprolide acetate; Liarozole Hydrochloride; Stine; loxoanthrone hydrochloride; masoprofen; maytansine; dichloromethyldiethylamine hydrochloride; megestrol acetate; megestrol acetate; phenylalanine mustard; Lier; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Methotrexate Sodium; Metoprine; ; Mitospex; Ortho-Drip; Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride; Mycophenolic Acid; Nocodazole; Nogamycin; Omaplatin; Sulfinyl Pyridine; Paclitaxel; Nemustine; Pelomycin Sulfate; Pifosfamide; Pipolbromide; Piposufan; Piroxantrone Hydrochloride; Miramycin; Plomestane; Porfimer Sodium; Porphyrin Prednimustine; Procarbazine hydrochloride; Puromycin; Puromycin hydrochloride; Triquinone; parfosate Sodium; sparsomycin; germanospiramine hydrochloride; spiromustine; spiroplatinum; streptigrin; streptozocin; strontium chloride Sr 89; Tecogalan Sodium; Tegafur; Tiloxantrone Hydrochloride; Temoporphine; Zamin; topotecan hydrochloride; toremifene citrate; menordone acetate; triciribine phosphate; trimetrexate; trimetrexate glucuronate; trospectrelin; Uramustine; Uretipai; Vapretide; Visodal; Vinblastine Sulfate; Vinbristine Sulfate Sodium; Vindesine; Vindesine Sulfate; Vinbidine Sulfate; Vinblastine Sulfate ; Vinblastine sulfate; Vinorelbine tartrate; Vinblastine sulfate;
其它的抗肿瘤化合物包括:20-epi-1,25-二氢维生素D3;5-乙炔尿嘧啶;abiraterone;阿克拉霉素;肠癌酰基富烯;腺环戊醇;阿多来新;白细胞介素-2;ALL-TK拮抗物;六甲蜜胺;氨莫司汀;amidox;氨磷汀;氨基乙酰丙酸;氨柔比星;atrsacrine;阿那格雷;阿那舒唑;穿心莲内酯;血管发生抑制剂;拮抗物D;拮抗物G;antarelix;anti-doralizing形态发生蛋白-1;抗雄激素;前列腺癌;抗雌激素;抗肿瘤物质;反义寡核苷酸;甘氨酸蚜栖菌素;细胞程序性死亡基因调制剂;细胞程序性死亡调节子;脱嘌呤核酸;ara-CDP-DL-PTBA;精氨酸脱氨酶;asulacrine;阿霉素碳;阿莫司汀;axinastatin 1;axinastatin2;axinastatin 3;阿扎司琼;azatoxin;重氮酪氨酸;浆果赤霉素III衍生物;balanol;巴马司他;BCR/ABL拮抗物;benzochlorins;benzoylstaurosporine;β内酰胺衍生物;β-alethine;亚阿克拉霉素B;桦木酸;bFGH抑制剂;白卡罗他迈;比生群;bisaziridinylspermine;双奈法德;bistratene A;比折来新;breflate;溴匹立明;布度钛;丁基硫堇硫氧胺;大力士软膏;calphostin C;喜树碱衍生物;金丝雀痘IL-2;卡培他滨;氨甲酰-氨基-三唑;羧氨基三唑;CaRest M3;CARN700;cartilaga衍生的抑制剂;卡折来新;酪蛋白激酶抑制制(ICOS);栗树精胺;杀菌肽B;西曲瑞克;氢卟酚;氯喹喔啉磺胺;cicaprost;顺卟啉;克拉屈滨;氯米分类似物;克霉唑;collismycin A;collismycinB;combretastatin A4;combretastatin类似物;conagenin;crambescidin816;crisnatol;念珠藻环肽8;念珠藻环肽A衍生物;curacin A;cyclopentanthraquinones;cycloplatam;cypemycin;阿糖胞苷ocfosfate;细胞溶解因子;cytostatin;dacliximab;地西他滨;dehydrodidemnin B;deslorelin;右异环磷酰胺;右雷佐生;dexverapamil;亚胺醌;膜海鞘素B;didox;二甲基去甲精胺(diethylnorspermine);二氢-5-氮胞苷;二氢紫杉醇,9-;二氨基乙二酰;二苯基螺莫司汀;二十二烷醇;多拉司琼;去氧氟尿苷;屈洛昔芬;屈大麻酚;duocannycin SA;依布硒啉;依考莫司汀;依地福新;edrecolomab;依氟鸟氨酸;榄香烯;乙嘧替氟;表柔比星;爱普列特;雌氮芥类似物;雌激素激动剂;雌激素拮抗剂;依他硝唑;磷酸鬼臼亚乙苷;依曼适达;法屈唑;法扎拉滨;芬维A胺;非格司亭;fmasteride;flavopiridol;flezelastine;fluasterone;氟达拉滨;fluorodaunorunicin hydrochloride;forfenimex;福美司坦;磷烯菌素;福莫司汀;gadolinium taxaphyrin;硝酸镓;galocitabine;加尼瑞克;明胶酶抑制剂;21-去氧-21,21-二氟胞嘧啶;谷胱甘肽抑制剂;hepsulfam;heregulin;六亚甲基二乙酰胺;金丝桃素;依班膦酸;伊达比星;艾多昔芬;idramantone;伊莫福新;伊洛马司他;imidazoacridones;咪喹莫特;免疫刺激肽;类胰岛素生长素-1受体抑制剂;干扰素激动剂;干扰素;白细胞介素;碘苄胍;iododoxorubicin;4-蕃薯宁;伊立替康;iroplact;伊索拉定;isobengazole;isohomohalicondrin B;伊他司琼;jasplakinolide;kahalalide F;lamellarin-N triacetate;兰瑞肽;leinamycin;来格司亭;硫酸蘑菇多糖;leptolstatin;来曲唑;白血病抑制因子;白细胞α干扰素;亮丙瑞林+雌激素+孕酮;亮丙瑞林;左旋咪唑;liarozole;线性多氨基类似物;亲脂性二糖肽;亲脂性铂化合物;lissoclinamide 7;络铂;蚯蚓磷脂;洛美曲索;氯尼达明;洛索蒽醌;洛伐他汀;loxoribine;勒托替康;德克萨斯卟啉镥;lysofylline;裂解肽;美坦辛;制甘糖霉素A;marimastat;马索罗酚;maspin;基质裂解素抑制剂;基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂;美诺立尔;麦尔巴隆;meterelin;甲硫氨酸酶;甲氧氯普胺;MIF抑制剂;米非司酮;米特福辛;mirimostin;错配双链RNA;米托胍腙;二溴卫矛醇;丝裂霉素类似物;米托萘胺;mitotoxin fibroblastgrowth factor-saporin;米托蒽醌;莫法罗汀;沙格司亭;单克隆抗体;人绒膜促性腺激素;单磷脂A十分枝杆菌细胞壁sk;mopidamol;多抗药性基因抑制剂;多肿瘤抑制剂1基本疗法;芥子抗癌剂;mycaperoxide B;分枝杆菌细胞壁提取物;myriaporone;N-乙酰地那林;N-取代的苯甲酰胺;那法瑞林;nagrestip;纳洛酮+潘他唑新;napavin;naphterpin;nartograstim;奈达泊汀;奈莫柔比星;neridronicacid;中性内肽酶;尼鲁米特;nisamycin;氧化氮调制剂;硝基氧抗氧化剂;nitrullyn;O6-苄基鸟嘌呤;奥曲肽;okicenone;寡核苷酸;奥纳司酮;昂丹司琼;恩丹西酮;oracin;口服细胞因子诱导剂;奥马铂;osaterone;oxaliplain;oxaunomycin;紫杉醇类似物;紫杉醇衍生物;palauamine;棕榈酰利索新;帕米膦酸;人参炔三醇;panomifene;副球菌素;帕折普汀;培加帕酶;peldesine;戊聚糖多硫酸钠,戊制菌素;pentrozole;perflubron;派磷酰胺;紫苏子醇;phenazinomycin;苯乙酸;磷酸酶抑制剂;picibanil;盐酸毛果碱;吡柔比星;吡曲克辛;placetin A;placetin B;溶酶原激活物抑制剂;铂复合物;铂化合物;铂三氨基复合物;泊非美钠;甲基丝裂霉素;丙基双-吖啶酮;前列腺素J2;蛋白酶体抑制剂;蛋白A基的免疫调制剂;蛋白激酶C抑制剂;蛋白激酶C抑制剂;微笑藻类;蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制剂;嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶抑制剂;嘌呤;pyrazoloacridine;pyridoxylated血红蛋白聚氧乙烯交联物;raf拮抗剂;雷替曲塞;拉莫司琼;ras法呢酯蛋白转移酶抑制剂;ras抑制剂;ras-GAP抑制剂;retelliptinedemethylated;铼Re 186 etidronate;利索新;核酶;RII维甲胺;罗谷亚胺;rohitukine;罗莫肽;roquinimex;rubiginone B1;ruboxyl;safingol;saintopin;SarCNU;sarcophytol A;沙格司亭;Sdi 1模拟物;司莫司汀;衰老衍生抑制剂1;有义链寡核苷酸;信号转导抑制剂;信号转导调节剂;单链抗原结合蛋白;西佐喃;索布佐生;硼卡钠;苯乙酸钠;solverol;生长调节素结合蛋白;索纳明;斯帕福斯酸;穗霉素D;螺莫司汀;splenopentin;海绵素1;角鲨烯胺;干细胞抑制剂;干细胞分裂抑制剂;stipiamide;溶基质素抑制剂;sulfmosine;超活跃的血管活性肠肽拮抗剂;suradista;苏拉明;苦马豆素;合成的糖胺聚糖;他莫司汀;三苯氧胺methiodide;牛磺莫司汀;他佐罗汀;tecogalan sodium;替加氟;tellurapyrylium;端粒酶抑制剂;替莫卟吩;帝盟多那买;表鬼臼毒噻吩糖苷;tetrachlorodecaoxide;tetrazomine;thaliblastine;沙利度胺;thiocoraline;血小板生成素;血小板生成素模拟物;日达仙(tm)胸腺1;胸腺生成素受体激动剂;thymotrinan;促甲状腺激素;乙基初卟啉锡(tin ethyl etiopurpurin);替拉扎明;二氯二茂钛;拓扑特肯;topsentin;脱瑞米芬;全能干细胞因子;翻译抑制剂;维A酸;三乙酰尿苷;曲西立滨;三甲曲沙葡糖醛酸脂;曲普瑞林;托烷司琼;turosteride;酪氨酸激酶抑制剂;酪氨酸磷酸化抑制剂;UBC抑制剂;乌苯美司;尿生殖窦衍生生长抑制因子;尿激酶受体拮抗物;伐普肽;variolin B;载体系统;红细胞基因疗法;velaresol;veramine;verdins;维特卟吩;长春瑞宾;vinxaltine;vitaxin;伏氯唑;zanoterone;折尼铂;亚苄维C;净司他丁斯酯等。Other antineoplastic compounds include: 20-epi-1,25-dihydrovitamin D3; 5-ethynyluracil; abiraterone; Interleukin-2; ALL-TK antagonist; hexamethylmelamine; amustine; amidox; amifostine; aminolevulinic acid; amrubicin; atrsacrine; anagrelide; anasulazole; andrographolide ; angiogenesis inhibitor; antagonist D; antagonist G; antarelix; anti-doralizing morphogenetic protein-1; antiandrogen; prostate cancer; Bacterin; programmed cell death gene modulator; programmed cell death regulator; apurinic nucleic acid; ara-CDP-DL-PTBA; arginine deaminase; 1; axinastatin2; axinastatin 3; azasetron; azatoxin; diazotyrosine; baccatin III derivatives; balanol; batimastat; BCR/ABL antagonists; benzochlorins; benzoylstaurosporine; beta-lactam derivatives ; β-alethine; subaclacithromycin B; betulinic acid; bFGH inhibitors; ; Budotitanium; Butylthionine Thioxamine; Hercules Ointment; Calphostin C; Camptothecin Derivatives; Canarypox IL-2; Capecitabine; Carbamoyl-Amino-Triazole; Carboxyamino Triazoles; CaRest M3; CARN700; cartilaga-derived inhibitors; kazelexine; casein kinase inhibitor (ICOS); chestospermine; cecropin B; cetrorelix; hydroporphenols; chloroquinoxaline sulfonamides ; cicaprost; cis porphyrin; cladribine; clomid analogs; clotrimazole; collismycin A; collismycin B; combretastatin A4; combretastatin analogs; conagenin; Derivatives; curacin A; cyclopentanthraquinones; cycloplatam; cypemycin; cytarabine ocfosfate; cytolytic factor; cytostatin; dacliximab; decitabine; dehydrodidemnin B; deslorelin; dexifosfamide; Quinone; Escidin B; didox; Diethylnorspermine; Dihydro-5-azacytidine; Dihydropaclitaxel, 9-; Diaminooxalyl; Diphenylspiromustine; Docosanol; dolasetron; doxifluridine; droloxifene; dronabinol; duocannycin SA; ebselen; ecomustine; edrecolomab; Amino acid; Elemene; Etifluridine; Epirubicin; Apretide; Estramustine analogues; Estrogen agonists; Estrogen antagonists; Etanidazole; Etoposide phosphate; Emansida; Fadrozole; Fazarabine; Fenretinide; Filgrastim; fmasteride; flavopiridol; flezelastine; fluasterone; fludarabine; ; formustine; gadolinium taxaphyrin; gallium nitrate; galocitabine; ganirelix; gelatinase inhibitor; 21-deoxy-21,21-difluorocytosine; glutathione inhibitor; hepsulfam; Methylenediacetamide; hypericin; ibandronic acid; idarubicin; edoxifene; idramantone; imofosin; ilomastat; imidazoacridones; imiquimod; immunostimulatory peptide ; Insulin-like Growth Hormone-1 Receptor Inhibitor; Interferon Agonist; Interferon; Interleukin; Iodobenzylguanidine; Iododoxorubicin; B; itasetron; jasplakinolide; kahalalide F; lamellarin-N triacetate; lanreotide; leinamycin; Lin + estrogen + progesterone; leuprolide; levamisole; liarozole; linear polyamino analogs; lipophilic diglycopeptide; lipophilic platinum compound; lissoclinamide 7; Nidamine; loxoanthrone; lovastatin; loxoribine; letotecan; Texas porphyrin lutetium; lysofylline; cleavage peptide; maytansine; glycomycin A; marimastat; ; maspin; matrix lysin inhibitors; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors; menoril; Melbaron; meterelin; methioninase; metoclopramide; MIF inhibitors; mifepristone; Miter Fuxin; mirimostin; mismatched double-stranded RNA; Mitoguanidine hydrazone; dibromodulcitol; mitomycin analogs; sargragrastim; monoclonal antibody; human chorionic gonadotropin; monophospholipid A very mycobacterial cell wall sk; mopidamol; multi-drug resistance gene inhibitor; multi-tumor inhibitor 1 basic therapy; mustard anticancer agent; mycaperoxide B; Mycobacterial cell wall extract; myriaporone; N-acetyldinaline; N-substituted benzamides; nafarelin; nagrestip; ; nemorubicin; neridronicacid; neutral endopeptidase; nilutamide; nisamycin; nitric oxide modulator; nitroxide antioxidant; nitrullyn; O6-benzylguanine; octreotide; okicenone; oligonucleotide ; ondansetron; ondansetron; ondansetron; oracin; oral cytokine inducer; omaplatin; osaterone; oxaliplain; oxaunomycin; paclitaxel analogs; paclitaxel derivatives; Phosphonic acid; Panaxatriol; panomifene; ; phenazinomycin; phenylacetic acid; phosphatase inhibitors; picibanil; ergocarpine hydrochloride; pirarubicin; picrexine; placetin A; placetin B; lysozyme activator inhibitors; Triaminocomplex; Pofemet Sodium; Methylmitomycin; Propylbis-Acridone; Prostaglandin J2; Proteasome Inhibitor; Protein A-Based Immunomodulator; Protein Kinase C Inhibitor; Protein Kinase C inhibitors; smiling algae; protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors; purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors; purines; pyrazoloacridine; pyridoxylated hemoglobin polyoxyethylene cross-linked; raf antagonists; Joan; ras farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor; ras inhibitor; ras-GAP inhibitor; retelliptinedemethylated; rhenium Re 186 etidronate; lisoxin; ribozyme; ; roquinimex; rubiginone B1; ruboxyl; safingol; saintopin; SarCNU; sarcophytol A; agent; signal transduction regulator; single-chain antigen-binding protein; sizoran; D; spiromustine; splenopentin; spongin 1; squalene; stem cell inhibitor; stem cell division inhibitor; stipiamide; stromelysin inhibitor; sulfmosine; hyperactive vasoactive intestinal peptide antagonist; suradista; Suramin; swainsonine; synthetic glycosaminoglycans; tamustine; tamoxifen methiodide; tauramustine; tazarotene; tecogalan sodium; tegafur; tellurapyrylium; telomerase inhibitors; Temoporphine; Diamond Donatine; Epipodophyllotoxin Thiophene Glycoside; Tetrachlorodecaoxide; Tetrazomine; Thaliblastine; Thalidomide; Thiocoraline; Thrombopoietin; Thymopoietin receptor agonist; thymotrinan; thyrotropin; tin ethyl etiopurpurin; tirapazamine; titanocene dichloride; topotecan; topsentin; factor; translation inhibitor; tretinoin; triacetyluridine; tricilibine; trimetrexate glucuronide; triptorelin; tropisetron; turosteride; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; tyrosine Acid phosphorylation inhibitor; UBC inhibitor; ubenimex; urogenital sinus-derived growth inhibitory factor; urokinase receptor antagonist; vapreotide; variolin B; vector system; erythrocyte gene therapy; velaresol; veramine; verdins; Viterporphin; vinorelbine; vinxaltine; vitaxin; vorozole; zanoterone;
配制不含有hCG而含有其它的具有生物活性的水溶性蛋白和肽的制剂也是本发明的目的。这样的活性水溶性蛋白是一种生长激素或一种促生长素,例如人生长激素(HGH),牛生长激素(BGH或BST),猪生长激素(PGH或PST)以及它们的类似物和衍生物,还有表皮生长因子(FGF)及它的类似物。其它可以考虑的蛋白有白细胞介素,白细胞介素受体,白细胞介素受体激动剂,趋化因子和干扰素。例如,α干扰素,α-2a干扰素,α-2b干扰素,α-N1干扰素,α-N3干扰素,β干扰素,β-1 a1干扰素;β-1b干扰素,γ-1a干扰素,γ-1b干扰素,ω干扰素,τ干扰素,白细胞介素-1,白细胞介素-1α,白细胞介素-1β,白细胞介素-10,白细胞介素-11,白细胞介素-12,白细胞介素-15,白细胞介素-2,白细胞介素-3,白细胞介素-4,白细胞介素-5,白细胞介素-7,白细胞介素-8,MIP-1α和β,RANTES等。此外,蛋白也可选自血细胞生长刺激因子和它们的前体物,促红细胞生成素(EPO)及其类似物。其它同等需要的蛋白有甲状旁腺激素(PTH),含硒蛋白质P,半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B和它的肝巯基蛋白酶抑制剂类似物,内毒素中和蛋白,淋巴细胞迁移抑制因子(LIF),肥大细胞生长因子(MGF),巨核细胞刺激因子(MGDF),粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF),genofibrate,α降钙素,β降钙素,肿瘤坏死因子(TNF),肿瘤侵入抑制因子,TGF-β型细胞因子,艾滋病和其它逆转录病毒的反式作用调节蛋白(TAT′s),蛋白酶抑制剂和BPC 157,降脂激素,以及这些蛋白的类似物和变体。还可考虑的蛋白质有;胰岛素,胰高血糖素,胃泌素,血管紧张素,胰泌素,催乳激素,促甲状腺素,促黑激素,促黄体素(LH),促卵泡激素(FSH),促甲状腺素(TSH),血小板生成素(TPO),促黄体素生成激素,人绝经期促性腺激素,血管升压素,催产素,普罗瑞林,促肾上腺皮质激素,SOD,尿激酶和溶菌酶。一个本领域的技术人员将意识到其它的细胞因子也是众所周知的,而且也同样适用于发明的组合物中。并不局限于上面列举的这些生物活性蛋白,其它的多肽也是考虑的对象,例如G-CSF,M-CSF,LIF,抑制素A,抑制素B,活化素A,活化素B,NAP-1,MCP-1,MIP-1α,MIP-1β,MIP-2,SISβ,SISδ,SISε,PF4,PBP,γIP-10,MGSA,aFGF,bFGF,KGF,PDGF-A,PDGF-B,PD-ECGF,INS,IGF-I,IGF-II,NGF-β,GRO/MGSA,PF4,PBP/CTAP/β。TG,IP-10,KC,9E3,MCAF,ACT-2/PAT 744/G26,LD-78/PAT 464,RANTES,G26,I309,JE,TCA3,ICAM-1,ICAM-2,LFA-1,LFA-3,CD72,CTAPIII,ENA-78,GRO,I-309,PF-4和LD-78。It is also an object of the present invention to formulate formulations that do not contain hCG but contain other biologically active water-soluble proteins and peptides. Such an active water-soluble protein is a growth hormone or a somatotropin such as human growth hormone (HGH), bovine growth hormone (BGH or BST), porcine growth hormone (PGH or PST) and their analogs and derivatives substances, as well as epidermal growth factor (FGF) and its analogs. Other proteins that may be considered are interleukins, interleukin receptors, interleukin receptor agonists, chemokines and interferons. For example, interferon alpha, interferon alpha-2a, interferon alpha-2b, interferon alpha-N1, interferon alpha-N3, interferon beta, interferon beta-1 al; interferon beta-1b, gamma-1a Interferon, gamma-1b interferon, omega interferon, tau interferon, interleukin-1, interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-10, interleukin-11, interleukin -12, Interleukin-15, Interleukin-2, Interleukin-3, Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, Interleukin-7, Interleukin-8, MIP-1α and β , RANTES et al. In addition, proteins may also be selected from blood cell growth stimulating factors and their precursors, erythropoietin (EPO) and analogs thereof. Other equally required proteins are parathyroid hormone (PTH), selenoprotein P, cystatin B and its hepatic thiol protease inhibitor analogue, endotoxin neutralizing protein, lymphocyte migration inhibitory factor ( LIF), mast cell growth factor (MGF), megakaryocyte stimulating factor (MGDF), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), genofibrate, alpha calcitonin, beta calcitonin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF ), tumor invasion inhibitors, TGF-β-type cytokines, trans-acting regulatory proteins (TAT's) of AIDS and other retroviruses, protease inhibitors and BPC 157, lipid-lowering hormones, and analogs of these proteins and Variants. Also proteins to consider are; Insulin, Glucagon, Gastrin, Angiotensin, Secretin, Prolactin, Thyrotropin, Melanostimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) , thyrotropin (TSH), thrombopoietin (TPO), luteinizing hormone, human menopausal gonadotropin, vasopressin, oxytocin, prorelin, corticotropin, SOD, urokinase and Lysozyme. One skilled in the art will recognize that other cytokines are well known and equally suitable for use in the compositions of the invention. Not limited to the biologically active proteins listed above, other polypeptides are also contemplated, such as G-CSF, M-CSF, LIF, inhibin A, inhibin B, activin A, activin B, NAP-1 , MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-2, SISβ, SISδ, SISε, PF4, PBP, γIP-10, MGSA, aFGF, bFGF, KGF, PDGF-A, PDGF-B, PD-ECGF , INS, IGF-I, IGF-II, NGF-β, GRO/MGSA, PF4, PBP/CTAP/β. TG, IP-10, KC, 9E3, MCAF, ACT-2/PAT 744/G26, LD-78/PAT 464, RANTES, G26, I309, JE, TCA3, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, LFA-1, LFA-3, CD72, CTAPIII, ENA-78, GRO, I-309, PF-4 and LD-78.
除了上面这些蛋白,其它由表1所列的基因所编码的目的蛋白也可考虑用于本发明的组合物中。In addition to the above proteins, other target proteins encoded by the genes listed in Table 1 are also contemplated for use in the composition of the present invention.
表1
实施例1Example 1
本发明的组合物可以用许多本领域技术人员众所周知的方法制备。总之,对不同应用所需的亲脂亲水值如下:3~6油包水的乳化剂(如失水山梨醇酯+角鲨烯),7~9的润湿剂;8~13的水包油的乳化剂;13~15的去污剂;15~18的增溶剂(如硬脂酸铝和硬脂酸镁)。这些值在文献中被广泛引用,作为特殊目的乳化剂的选择指南。它们被设计用于非离子型乳化剂。类似的系统被开发用于阴离子或阳离子乳化剂,但它们的用处不如非离子型乳化剂。许多非离子型乳化剂的亲水亲脂平衡数已经出版。含有大约0.5-55%的油,大约0.1-15%的乳化剂,大约0.05-5%的非离子型表面活性剂,大约0.00001-10%的治疗剂及一个连续水相的水包油乳液最适合这种特殊用法。组合物中的乳化剂是一种磷脂化合物或选自磷脂酰胆碱,磷脂酰乙醇胺,磷脂酰丝氨酸,磷脂酰肌醇,磷脂酰甘油,磷脂酸,鞘磷脂,心磷脂中的磷脂混合物。乳化剂的一个例子是失水山梨醇酯A。表面活性剂通常是选自脂肪酸,聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯,聚乙氧基化脂肪酸酯,聚乙氧基化脂肪醇醚,具1或多个羟基的有机化合物的环氧亚烷缩合物。表面活性剂可以是天然的具生物相容性的表面活性剂,如卵磷脂或可药用的非天然表面活性剂如Tween-80。和卵磷脂相关的合适的天然成份如EPICURON120(Lucas Meyer德国),它是大约70%的磷脂酰胆碱,12%的磷脂酰乙醇胺和大约15%的其他磷脂组成的混合物;OVOTHIN 160(LucasMeyer,德国),它是一种含大约60%的磷脂酰胆碱,18%磷脂酰乙醇胺和12%的其他磷脂的混合物;一种纯化的磷脂混合物LIPOID E-75或LIPOID E80(lipoid,德国),它是一种含大约80%磷脂酰胆碱,8%的磷脂酰乙醇胺,3.6%非极性脂类和大约2%的鞘磷脂的磷脂混合物。纯化的卵黄磷脂,豆油磷脂或其他纯化的磷脂混合物都可用作这种成份。列出的是有代表性的磷脂,但不限于这些磷脂,本领域的技术人员熟知的其他磷脂一样也能被使用。别的表面活性剂例子如脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,它们有不同来源如海狸油(EMULFOR),聚乙氧基化脂肪酸,如硬脂酸(SIMULSOL M-53);NONIDET;聚乙氧基化异辛基酚/甲醛聚合物(TYLOXAPOL);聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚(BRIJ);聚氧乙烯非苯基醚(TRITON N);和聚氧乙烯异辛基苯基醚(TRITON X)等。在一些实施方案中,乳液可形成和稳定在一或多个共表面活性剂基本缺乏的情况中,这些共表面活性剂选自非卤化的脂族C3-C6醇,游离脂肪酸,单或二甘油酯,聚甘油脂肪酸酯或溶血磷脂酰胆碱。然而,替代的组合物也同样合适并且可被本领域技术人员轻易地制备,例如,含5.0%PLURONIC,10%角鲨烯,0.4%Tween-80,qs磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.4)的组合物,把成份加入试管,搅拌混合,直到获得奶状的乳液。这种组合物应该在施用前制备或冰冻在4℃。例如,组合物2含5.0%TETRONIC1501,10%角鲨烷,0.4%Tween-80,qs磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.4);然后向这些组合物中加入固体的N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-苏氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺(Thr-MDP),从而形成浓度为500μg/mL的“浓缩液”。然后,这浓缩液和2×抗原溶液(hCG的盐水溶液,1mg/mL)混合形成了本发明的制剂。HCG在组合物中的重量优选是大约0.00001-10%,更优选是大约0.0001-5%,而最优选的则是0.001-1%。此外,pH也应该在适合稳定hCG的范围。组合物的连续相是水相,它附加有盐,糖,抗氧化剂,防腐剂,杀微生物剂,缓冲液,渗透剂(osmoticant),冷冻保护剂和别的药学上有用的添加剂或溶质。典型的防腐剂包括硫柳汞,氯丁醇和对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、乙酯、丙酯或丁酯。典型的渗透压调节剂包括甘油和甘露醇,而甘油是优选的。优选的油相抗氧化剂是α-生育酚或α-生育酚琥珀酸。水相也可包括多胺羧酸的抗氧化剂,如乙二胺四乙酸或其他可药用的盐。The compositions of the present invention can be prepared by a number of methods well known to those skilled in the art. In summary, the lipophilic and hydrophilic values required for different applications are as follows: 3-6 water-in-oil emulsifier (such as sorbitan ester + squalene), 7-9 wetting agent; 8-13 water Oil-in-oil emulsifier; 13-15 detergent; 15-18 solubilizer (such as aluminum stearate and magnesium stearate). These values are widely cited in the literature as guidelines for the selection of special purpose emulsifiers. They are designed for use in nonionic emulsifiers. Similar systems were developed for anionic or cationic emulsifiers, but they are less useful than nonionic emulsifiers. The hydrophilic-lipophilic equilibrium numbers for many nonionic emulsifiers have been published. An oil-in-water emulsion containing about 0.5-55% oil, about 0.1-15% emulsifier, about 0.05-5% nonionic surfactant, about 0.00001-10% therapeutic agent and a continuous aqueous phase suitable for this particular usage. The emulsifier in the composition is a phospholipid compound or a mixture of phospholipids selected from phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, sphingomyelin, and cardiolipin. An example of an emulsifier is sorbitan A. Surfactants are usually selected from fatty acids, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated fatty alcohol ethers, alkylene oxide condensations of organic compounds with 1 or more hydroxyl groups thing. The surfactant can be a natural biocompatible surfactant such as lecithin or a pharmaceutically acceptable non-natural surfactant such as Tween-80. Suitable natural ingredients related to lecithin such as EPICURON 120 (Lucas Meyer, Germany), which is a mixture of about 70% phosphatidylcholine, 12% phosphatidylethanolamine and about 15% of other phospholipids; OVOTHIN 160 (LucasMeyer, Germany). Germany), which is a mixture containing about 60% phosphatidylcholine, 18% phosphatidylethanolamine and 12% other phospholipids; a purified phospholipid mixture LIPOID E-75 or LIPOID E80 (lipoid, Germany), It is a phospholipid mixture containing approximately 80% phosphatidylcholine, 8% phosphatidylethanolamine, 3.6% non-polar lipids and approximately 2% sphingomyelin. Purified egg yolk phospholipids, soy phospholipids or other purified mixtures of phospholipids can be used as this ingredient. Listed are representative phospholipids, but are not limited to these phospholipids, and other phospholipids well known to those skilled in the art can also be used. Other examples of surfactants are polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, which are of various origins such as castor oil (EMULFOR), polyethoxylated fatty acids such as stearic acid (SIMULSOL M-53); NONIDET; polyethoxylated Polyisooctylphenol/formaldehyde polymer (TYLOXAPOL); polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether (BRIJ); polyoxyethylene non-phenyl ether (TRITON N); and polyoxyethylene isooctylphenyl ether (TRITON X), etc. . In some embodiments, emulsions can be formed and stabilized in the substantial absence of one or more co-surfactants selected from non-halogenated aliphatic C3-C6 alcohols, free fatty acids, mono- or diglycerol esters, polyglyceryl fatty acid esters or lysophosphatidylcholine. However, alternative compositions are equally suitable and can be easily prepared by those skilled in the art, for example, containing 5.0% PLURONIC, 10% squalene, 0.4% Tween-80, qs phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) To make the composition, add the ingredients to a test tube and stir to mix until a milky emulsion is obtained. This composition should be prepared or frozen at 4°C prior to administration. For example, Composition 2 contains 5.0% TETRONIC1501, 10% squalane, 0.4% Tween-80, qs phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4); then solid N-acetylmuramoyl-L -Threonyl-D-isoglutamine (Thr-MDP) to form a "concentrate" at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. This concentrate was then mixed with 2 x antigen solution (hCG in saline, 1 mg/mL) to form the formulation of the present invention. HCG is preferably present at about 0.00001-10%, more preferably at about 0.0001-5%, and most preferably at 0.001-1% by weight of the composition. In addition, the pH should also be in a range suitable for stabilizing hCG. The continuous phase of the composition is an aqueous phase to which are added salts, sugars, antioxidants, preservatives, microbicides, buffers, osmoticants, cryoprotectants and other pharmaceutically useful additives or solutes. Typical preservatives include thimerosal, chlorobutanol and methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl parabens. Typical tonicity regulators include glycerol and mannitol, with glycerol being preferred. A preferred oil phase antioxidant is alpha-tocopherol or alpha-tocopheryl succinic acid. The aqueous phase may also include an antioxidant of a polyamine carboxylic acid, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or other pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
实施例2Example 2
速溶组合物由两部分组成。第一部分是N-乙酰胞壁酰-L-苏氨酰-D-异谷氨酰胺(Thr-MDP),其是分枝杆菌细胞壁成份的衍生物。第二部分为磷酸盐缓冲液,它包括终浓度为5%的角鲨烷,1.25%的普流罗尼(Pluronic)和0.2%的Tween 80(媒介物)。出于实用目的,所需数量的hCG和显微流态的媒介物(第二部分)混合,获得均一的乳液。然后加入MDP,简单摇晃一下。可以通过改变混合物中MDP浓度来确定最佳的临床反应浓度。根据制造商手册(Pierce chemical,Rockford,III),作为佐剂对照,可以往小鼠中注入混有明矾或弗氏完全佐剂(CFA)的可溶性hCG。The instant composition consists of two parts. The first moiety is N-acetylmuramoyl-L-threonyl-D-isoglutamine (Thr-MDP), which is a derivative of a mycobacterial cell wall component. The second part was phosphate buffered saline which included final concentrations of 5% squalane, 1.25% Pluronic and 0.2% Tween 80 (vehicle). For practical purposes, the desired amount of hCG is mixed with the microfluidic vehicle (second part) to obtain a homogeneous emulsion. Then add MDP and shake briefly. The optimal clinical response concentration can be determined by varying the concentration of MDP in the mixture. As an adjuvant control, mice can be infused with soluble hCG mixed with alum or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) according to the manufacturer's manual (Pierce chemical, Rockford, III).
那些本领域中普通的技术人员会意识到这样一种小鼠模型表明,等同的实验或处理会在人、驯养动物或农用动物中诱导出同样的临床反应。通过一些本领域普通技术人员众所周知的常规程序,凭经验而无需过多的实验就可以确定用来产生所需临床效果的制剂和hCG的数量。因此,如果有必要将这种混合物所带来的治疗副作用降到最低,同时又要获得有效的反应,本领域的普通技术人员会确定这种混合物对人、驯养动物和农用动物施用时的最低水平,从而诱导出所需的临床效果。在正常使用中,可以根据许多基本程序中的任何一个注射这种混合物,但皮下或肌内注射是特别优选的,注射的部位能使乳液以稳定的形式保持几天或几周。Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that such a mouse model indicates that an equivalent experiment or treatment would induce the same clinical response in a human, domesticated or agricultural animal. The formulation and the amount of hCG to produce the desired clinical effect can be determined empirically without undue experimentation by several routine procedures well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, one of ordinary skill in the art would determine the minimum dose of the mixture to be administered to humans, domesticated animals, and agricultural animals if necessary to minimize the therapeutic side effects of the mixture while obtaining an effective response. level, thereby inducing the desired clinical effect. In normal use, such mixtures may be injected according to any of a number of basic procedures, but subcutaneous or intramuscular injections are particularly preferred, at a site where the emulsion remains in a stable form for days or weeks.
实施例3Example 3
hCG水悬浮液在室温下加入油相中,同时用匀浆器匀浆。当油和hCG悬浮液的比率达到5-6∶3-5份时,停止添加水相。继续匀浆,直到水相的液滴大小达到大约0.05-0.5μm。油相包括下列物质:93.6%的macro 52;6.0%的失水山梨醇酯A或失水山梨醇酯80或Span80(二缩甘露醇单油酸(mannide monooleate));0.4%的Tween 80(聚氧乙烯20山梨聚糖单油酸酯)。液相的成分可单独在灭菌锅中被加热到110℃或以混合物形式被无菌过滤。乳液的稳定性由2个因素决定:(1)乳化后,用移液器直接滴到水面上,这样液滴不会扩散,保持完整;(2)在37℃储存4周不会形成任何水相。这样制备的乳液的终浓度含有大约10%重量的hCG,通过肌内或皮下注射时,每个被试者所用的剂量是0.5mL。The hCG aqueous suspension was added to the oil phase at room temperature while homogenizing with a homogenizer. The addition of the aqueous phase was stopped when the ratio of oil to hCG suspension reached 5-6:3-5 parts. Homogenization was continued until the droplet size of the aqueous phase reached approximately 0.05-0.5 μm. The oil phase included the following: 93.6% macro 52; 6.0% sorbitan A or sorbitan 80 or Span 80 (mannide monooleate); 0.4% Tween 80 ( polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate). The components of the liquid phase can be heated to 110°C individually in an autoclave or sterile filtered as a mixture. The stability of the emulsion is determined by 2 factors: (1) After emulsification, use a pipette to drop it directly on the water surface so that the droplets will not spread and remain intact; (2) Storage at 37°C for 4 weeks will not form any water Mutually. The final concentration of the emulsion thus prepared contains about 10% by weight of hCG, and the dose used for each subject is 0.5 mL when injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
实施例4Example 4
无需限于上述的实施例,含二聚体hCG的本发明组合物能同时包括两个乳化剂,这样就提供更好的稳定性。在这个组合物中,主要乳化剂选自聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯嵌段共聚物,甘油单油酸酯,甘油二油酸酯,山梨聚糖倍半油酸酯,Brij 93聚氧乙二醇,山梨聚糖单油酸酯及其混合物,而第二个乳化剂则选自聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯,普流罗尼F68,环氧乙烷,卵磷脂及其混合物。这个组合物中的油部分是甘油三酯,它选自三己酰甘油酯,三辛酰甘油酯,三棕榈酰甘油酯及其混合物。别的合适的油包括植物和动物油。合适的植物油包括:橄榄油,红花油,芝麻油和大豆油而合适的动物油则包括那些含有甘油酯的动物油。优选的矿物油包括No.40白油,康乃馨轻油和Klearol轻油。这些油的混合物同样也能使用。Without being limited to the above examples, the composition of the present invention containing dimeric hCG can include two emulsifiers at the same time, thus providing better stability. In this composition, the main emulsifier is selected from polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer, glycerol monooleate, glycerol dioleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, Brij 93 polyoxyethylene dioleate alcohol, sorbitan monooleate and mixtures thereof, while the second emulsifier is selected from polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, Pluronic F68, ethylene oxide, lecithin and mixtures thereof. The oil portion of this composition is a triglyceride selected from the group consisting of tricaproylglyceride, tricapryloylglyceride, tripalmitoylglyceride and mixtures thereof. Other suitable oils include vegetable and animal oils. Suitable vegetable oils include: olive oil, safflower oil, sesame oil and soybean oil and suitable animal oils include those containing glycerides. Preferred mineral oils include No. 40 white oil, carnation light oil and Klearol light oil. Mixtures of these oils can also be used.
为了制备含矿物油的主要乳液,将约1-约50%体积、优选约2-约40%体积的hCG水溶液;约8-约58%体积、优选约14-约25%体积的矿物油;以及约2-约30%体积、优选约5-约15%体积的主要乳化剂混合在一起。HCG水溶液优选的是缓慢加入快速搅拌的油相中,混合,如用磁力搅拌器,搅拌混合约15-60分钟,优选约25-35分钟。混好的初级乳液然后进行更高的剪切乳化,在压力降为约1000-10000psi,优选的是约1000-3000psi,最优选的是约1800-2000psi的情况下,以剪切速率为每秒约100000-500000,优选为每秒约500000-1000000进行剪切,如应用微射流均质机(microfluidizer)。关于微射流均质机的更完整的信息在美国专利NO4533254中已提出。微射流均质机能提供持续时间短如几分之一秒的高剪切速率,而不会导致蛋白如hCG变性。然后过滤初级悬浮液,如利用5μm的亲水性聚偏氧乙烯二氟化物过滤器(Duropore,Millipore公司)。在乳化之前可以向hCG溶液中加入清蛋白,加入的量约是1-5g%,优选是约2-3g%,从而帮助稳定多乳液大小分布。在矿物油或固化油中的hCG水溶液的初级悬浮液适合制备本发明的液相多悬浮液,也应产生初级浮液小滴,直径小于5μm,优选的是小于3μm。To prepare the primary emulsion containing mineral oil, about 1 to about 50% by volume, preferably about 2 to about 40% by volume of hCG in water; about 8 to about 58% by volume, preferably about 14 to about 25% by volume of mineral oil; and about 2 to about 30% by volume, preferably about 5 to about 15% by volume of the primary emulsifier mixed together. The HCG aqueous solution is preferably slowly added to the rapidly stirred oil phase, and mixed, such as with a magnetic stirrer, for about 15-60 minutes, preferably about 25-35 minutes. The mixed primary emulsion is then subjected to higher shear emulsification at a shear rate of About 100,000-500,000, preferably about 500,000-1,000,000 shears per second, such as using a microfluidizer. More complete information on microfluidic homogenizers is presented in US Patent No. 4,533,254. Microfluidic homogenizers provide high shear rates for durations as short as fractions of a second without denaturing proteins such as hCG. The primary suspension is then filtered, eg, using a 5 μm hydrophilic polyvinylidene difluoride filter (Duropore, Millipore). Albumin may be added to the hCG solution prior to emulsification in an amount of about 1-5 g%, preferably about 2-3 g%, to help stabilize the multiemulsion size distribution. A primary suspension of hCG in water in mineral oil or solidified oil is suitable for the preparation of the liquid polysuspensions of the invention and should also yield primary suspension droplets with a diameter of less than 5 μm, preferably less than 3 μm.
实施例5Example 5
制备由50%v/v外层盐水相和0.25%共聚体P123的水包油油包水的多乳液。分散在油包水相中的其余50%v/v由72%盐溶液,18%角鲨烯,2%Span80和32mg共聚物L310以及浓度为0.5mg/0.5mL乳液的TNP-HEA组成。乳液含1mg/0.5mL乳液的hCG。这种油包水的乳液在显微镜下显示为直径是1.0-20μm的粒子。同样适合这种组合物的其他油包水乳化剂是SF1328,Arlacel P135,DC3225C,DC5200,Abil EM-90和Abil WE-09。本领域的技术人员意识到有若干别的油包水的乳化剂也能取代上述列出名字的成分。A water-in-oil-in-oil multiple emulsion consisting of 50% v/v outer saline phase and 0.25% interpolymer P123 was prepared. The remaining 50% v/v dispersed in the water-in-oil phase consisted of 72% saline solution, 18% squalene, 2% Span80 and 32mg copolymer L310 and TNP-HEA at a concentration of 0.5mg/0.5mL emulsion. The emulsion contains 1mg/0.5mL of hCG in emulsion. This water-in-oil emulsion appears under the microscope as particles with a diameter of 1.0-20 μm. Other water-in-oil emulsifiers also suitable for this composition are SF1328, Arlacel P135, DC3225C, DC5200, Abil EM-90 and Abil WE-09. Those skilled in the art will recognize that there are several other water-in-oil emulsifiers which can be substituted for the ingredients listed above.
实施例6Example 6
根据本领域众所周知的基本方法制备含hCG的脂质体(例如参看美国专利NO6110492)。可以应用下列成份:DLPC二月桂酰磷脂酰胆碱,DMPC二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱,DPPC二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱,DSPC二硬脂酰磷脂酰胆碱,DOPC二油酰磷脂酰胆碱,DLnPc双亚麻油酸磷脂酰胆碱,DMPG二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰甘油,CHOL胆固醇,LA脂A。在一种典型制剂中,多层脂质体由DMPC∶DMPG∶CHOL∶LA以摩尔比9∶1∶7.5∶0.011组成的混合物制成。脂A在其中是作佐剂。在梨形摇瓶中把脂类混合物从氯仿溶液在真空状态和40℃左右,旋转蒸发成一干薄层。为了保证完全去掉有机溶剂,然后在室温下,把摇瓶放在干燥器中,过夜低真空(大约0.5mmHg柱)抽干。抽干后,通过旋转小心翼翼地使脂类在去离子的无菌无热原的水中膨胀。利用Virtis Unitop800SL Freeze Mobile将产生的悬浮液冷冻在-55℃,然后在-20℃过夜冻干,第二天保持在0-10℃。然后在物质,即hCG存在的情况下,冻干的脂类物质复溶以被囊状化,从而获得含有hCG的多层脂质体。用来复溶的合适缓冲液是磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)或Tris-甘氨酸/NaCl缓冲液。复溶缓冲液中的脂质体磷脂浓度是10-200mM。用0.15M的NaCl溶液在10℃用27000xg将脂质体洗三遍,每遍10分钟,可去除未被包进脂质体囊的hCG。为了使磷脂的终浓度达到10-200mM,将获得的脂质体悬浮在0.15M NaCl溶液或另一种合适的等渗缓冲液中。此外,洗脱步骤也可省略,使未包进脂质体或包入脂质体的hCG均存在制剂中。Liposomes containing hCG are prepared according to basic methods well known in the art (see eg US Patent No. 6110492). The following ingredients can be used: DLPC dilauroylphosphatidylcholine, DMPC dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, DPPC dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, DSPC distearoylphosphatidylcholine, DOPC dioleoylphosphatidylcholine Base, DLnPc double linolenic acid phosphatidylcholine, DMPG dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol, CHOL cholesterol, LA lipid A. In a typical formulation, multilamellar liposomes are made from a mixture of DMPC:DMPG:CHOL:LA in a molar ratio of 9:1:7.5:0.011. Lipid A is used as an adjuvant. In a pear-shaped shaker flask, the lipid mixture was rotary evaporated from the chloroform solution to a dry thin layer under vacuum at about 40 °C. To ensure complete removal of the organic solvent, the shake flask was then placed in a desiccator overnight at room temperature on low vacuum (approximately 0.5 mmHg column). After aspiration, the lipids are carefully swelled in deionized sterile pyrogen-free water by swirling. The resulting suspension was frozen at -55°C using a Virtis Unitop800SL Freeze Mobile, then lyophilized at -20°C overnight and kept at 0-10°C the next day. The lyophilized lipid material is then reconstituted to be encapsulated in the presence of the substance, hCG, to obtain hCG-containing multilamellar liposomes. Suitable buffers for reconstitution are phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or Tris-glycine/NaCl buffer. The concentration of liposomal phospholipids in the reconstitution buffer was 10-200 mM. Wash the liposome three times with 0.15M NaCl solution at 10° C. with 27000×g for 10 minutes each time to remove the hCG that is not wrapped into the liposome capsule. To achieve a final concentration of phospholipids of 10-200 mM, suspend the obtained liposomes in 0.15 M NaCl solution or another suitable isotonic buffer. In addition, the elution step can also be omitted, so that hCG not encapsulated in liposomes or encapsulated in liposomes exists in the preparation.
实施例7Example 7
这个实施例可以将hCG偶联到MDP上。这个过程需要用硫醇化合物来猝灭第一个反应。这个反应在2-(N-吗啉)乙磺酸(MES)(pH4.5-5.0)中进行。从水中冻干的MDP(10mg)重悬在MES(0.5mL)(pH4.5-5.0)中,和溶解在MES(pH4.5-5.0)中的EDC(0.5mg或大约2mM)结合在一起,并在室温下反应15分钟。加入2-巯基乙醇(终浓度是20mM)去猝灭EDC,并通过离心分离出来。反应混合物用MES洗一次,然后重悬在0.5mL的MES(pH4.5-5.0)中。溶解在MES中的hCG加入到激活的MDP中,摩尔比约2∶1。加入MES(0.5M,pH8.5),让反应的pH在15分钟缓慢上升到8.5,并在室温下反应2个小时。加入MDP的hCG浓度可通过对MDP末端羧基进行定量分析来计算,并表示为mol/mgMDP。加入终浓度为10mM的羟胺可以猝灭该反应。猝灭反应的方法可以水解任何未反应的MDP活化位点,导致原来羧基的再生。其他猝灭反应的方法涉及加入20-50mM的Tris,赖氨酸,甘氨酸或乙醇胺。除了hCG外,别的生物反应调节物如IL2对本领域技术人员而言是众所周知的,也能用于这个目的。通过离心,洗脱以及在选择的缓冲液中重悬可以实现分离。This example allows coupling of hCG to MDP. This process requires the quenching of the first reaction with a thiol compound. This reaction was carried out in 2-(N-morpholine)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) (pH 4.5-5.0). MDP (10 mg) lyophilized from water was resuspended in MES (0.5 mL) (pH 4.5-5.0) and combined with EDC (0.5 mg or approximately 2 mM) dissolved in MES (pH 4.5-5.0) , and reacted at room temperature for 15 minutes. 2-Mercaptoethanol (20 mM final concentration) was added to quench EDC and separated by centrifugation. The reaction mixture was washed once with MES, and then resuspended in 0.5 mL of MES (pH 4.5-5.0). hCG dissolved in MES was added to the activated MDP at a molar ratio of approximately 2:1. MES (0.5M, pH 8.5) was added, the pH of the reaction was slowly raised to 8.5 over 15 minutes, and reacted at room temperature for 2 hours. The concentration of hCG added to MDP can be calculated by quantitative analysis of the terminal carboxyl groups of MDP and expressed as mol/mgMDP. The reaction was quenched by the addition of hydroxylamine to a final concentration of 10 mM. The method of quenching the reaction hydrolyzes any unreacted MDP active sites, resulting in regeneration of the original carboxyl groups. Other methods of quenching the reaction involve the addition of 20-50 mM Tris, lysine, glycine or ethanolamine. In addition to hCG, other biological response modifiers such as IL2 are well known to those skilled in the art and can also be used for this purpose. Separation can be achieved by centrifugation, elution and resuspension in the buffer of choice.
实施例8Example 8
本发明的组合物也能用作乳剂,在局部给药时,可穿透皮肤。一种典型的局部施用组合物包括下列物质:2%的甘油山梨聚糖油硬脂酸酯(失水山梨醇脂481),6%的聚乙氧基化脂肪酸(失水山梨醇脂989),15%葵基油酸(碳酸二辛酯),8%的支链石蜡(异构十六烷烃),1%的微晶石蜡,1%的MDP,4%的甘油,0.7%的七水硫酸镁,0.2%的山梨酸钠盐,1%的hCG,0.1%柠檬酸氢二铵,柠檬酸(调节pH到4-5),加入去离子水至100%。The compositions of the present invention can also be used as emulsions which, when administered topically, penetrate the skin. A typical topical composition includes the following: 2% glyceryl sorbitan oleostearate (sorbitan 481), 6% polyethoxylated fatty acid (sorbitan 989) , 15% decanyl oleic acid (dioctyl carbonate), 8% branched chain paraffin (iso-hexadecane), 1% microcrystalline paraffin, 1% MDP, 4% glycerin, 0.7% heptahydrate Magnesium sulfate, 0.2% sodium sorbate, 1% hCG, 0.1% diammonium hydrogen citrate, citric acid (adjust pH to 4-5), add deionized water to 100%.
实施例9Example 9
在开始研究前30天内,根据Western blot证明的HIV感染的血清诊断,AIDS的定义标准,临床症状和CD4淋巴细胞数小于300细胞/μL,将超过18岁的男性和没有怀孕的女性选出来。基本的临床和试验参数被用来评估效能。临床参数包括机会感染的变化,体重的变化,胃肠功能的变化,包括大便稠度和频率,能量水平的变化,胃口的变化,体力和耐力的变化,以及生活质量的总体变化。实验参数包括CD4和CD8淋巴细胞数目的变化,选择性血液学,血液化学和尿分析,以及如果能得到的话,还包括病毒负载的变化,它可通过PCR来检测病毒RNA。Males over 18 years of age and non-pregnant females were selected according to serodiagnosis of HIV infection by Western blot, defining criteria for AIDS, clinical symptoms and CD4 lymphocyte count less than 300 cells/μL within 30 days before the start of the study. Basic clinical and experimental parameters were used to assess efficacy. Clinical parameters included changes in opportunistic infections, changes in body weight, changes in gastrointestinal function, including stool consistency and frequency, changes in energy levels, changes in appetite, changes in physical strength and endurance, and overall changes in quality of life. Experimental parameters include changes in CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte numbers, selective hematology, blood chemistry and urinalysis, and, if available, changes in viral load, which can be detected by PCR to detect viral RNA.
研究结果表明,根据本发明的精神,通过施用hCG制剂,HIV阳性病人在临床上有改善,机会感染降低,体重增加,肠胃功能有所变化,包括严重的腹泻减少,能量水平增强,食欲增加,性欲增加,体力和耐力有所改善,以及生活质量全面改善。实验参数也得到改善,CD4和CD8淋巴细胞数增加,血液学,血液化学和尿分析的参数均有改善,此外,利用PCR检测病毒RNA,发现病毒负载下降,以及通过TCID检测,发现传染力下降。HCG制剂给药时,会产生一些小的不利反应,仅限于小的发烧,寒颤,头疼和肌肉疼。The results of the study showed that, in accordance with the spirit of the present invention, HIV-positive patients experienced clinical improvement, decreased opportunistic infections, increased body weight, and changes in gastrointestinal function, including decreased severe diarrhea, enhanced energy levels, increased appetite, and Increased libido, improved stamina and stamina, and overall improved quality of life. Experimental parameters were also improved, with increased numbers of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, hematology, blood chemistry and urinalysis parameters were improved, in addition, virus RNA was detected by PCR, and viral load was found to be reduced, and infectivity was found to be reduced by TCID detection . When HCG preparations are administered, some minor adverse reactions may occur, limited to minor fever, chills, headache and muscle pain.
实施例10Example 10
具C3H背景(H2k/k,Harlan Sprague Dawley)的雌性小鼠可以用于这些研究。根据“实验动物的护理和使用指南”(Guide for the care and useof laboratory animals)(DHHS,NIH)饲养动物,并随意接受食物和水。肿瘤细胞株HOPE2在体外通过连续传代被保持。在体外通过皮下注射150000通道细胞起始同源C3H小鼠的肿瘤。肿瘤每隔两周通过两种垂直方向进行检测。每一个治疗组和一个没接受治疗的对照小组进行比较。治疗在HOPE2细胞接种后10天开始,这时,大多数肿瘤是可触知的(大约50-75mm3)。通过给小鼠注射可溶性的hCG起始治疗(通过皮下注射,总体积0.2mL),而hCG蛋白在MDP混合物或明矾佐剂中。在接种前,hCG和MDP在Hanks平衡盐溶液混合60秒,以使每只小鼠接受和人等量的hCG,即在0.2mL中有2000或5000IU的hCG蛋白。根据制造商提供的说明,将明矾(Pierce Chemical公司)和hCG混合,以便每只小鼠能接受在0.2mL中5000IU等量的hCG。在这个实施例中,在肿瘤细胞接种后41天,只有5/8或4/8注射了单次可溶性hCG(分别是2000IU或5000IU)的小鼠显示可检测的肿瘤。相比之下,所有注射有hCG的明矾的小鼠(8/8)均显示活跃生长的肿瘤。此外,和对照(未治疗的)或明矾处理组相比,只在注射有hCG的MDP的处理组中观察到了肿瘤生长被显著抑制。而在接受单次注射hCG的明矾的小鼠中没有发现肿瘤生长抑制或肿瘤消退速率增加。Female mice with a C3H background (H2k/k, Harlan Sprague Dawley) can be used for these studies. Animals were maintained according to the "Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals" (DHHS, NIH) and received food and water ad libitum. The tumor cell line HOPE2 was maintained through serial passages in vitro. Tumors in syngeneic C3H mice were initiated in vitro by subcutaneous injection of 150,000 passage cells. Tumors were tested every two weeks through two vertical orientations. Each treatment group was compared to a control group that received no treatment. Treatment started 10 days after HOPE2 cell inoculation when most tumors were palpable (approximately 50-75 mm 3 ). Treatment was initiated by injecting mice with soluble hCG (by subcutaneous injection, total volume 0.2 mL) with hCG protein in MDP mixture or alum adjuvant. Before inoculation, hCG and MDP were mixed in Hanks balanced salt solution for 60 seconds so that each mouse received the same amount of hCG as a human, ie 2000 or 5000 IU of hCG protein in 0.2 mL. Alum (Pierce Chemical) and hCG were mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions so that each mouse received an equivalent of 5000 IU of hCG in 0.2 mL. In this example, only 5/8 or 4/8 mice injected with a single dose of soluble hCG (2000 IU or 5000 IU, respectively) showed detectable tumors 41 days after tumor cell inoculation. In contrast, all hCG-injected alum mice (8/8) showed actively growing tumors. Furthermore, significant inhibition of tumor growth was only observed in the hCG-injected MDP-treated group compared to the control (untreated) or alum-treated group. No inhibition of tumor growth or increased rate of tumor regression was found in mice receiving a single injection of hCG in alum.
因此,本发明的特点在于含二聚体hCG和胞壁酰肽的药用制剂。此外,本发明可被表征成一种治疗用组合物,包括:(a)治疗有效量的与脂质体结合的二聚体hCG;以及(b)在所述脂质体周围含有油的油包水的乳液,相对于hCG和脂质体在所述乳液中不存在的情况,所述乳液的数量足以提高治疗反应。更进一步,本发明提供了一种治疗需要其的被试者中HIV感染的方法,包括给所述被试者施用有效量的hCG,所述hCG和油包水的乳液一起施用,相对于所述hCG在所述乳液不存在的情况,所述乳液存在的量足以增加临床反应。本发明还提供了一种治疗需要其的被试者中癌症的方法,包括给所述被试者施用有效量的hCG,所述hCG和油包水的乳液一起施用,并且相对于所述hCG在所述乳液中不存在的情形,所述乳液的量足以增加临床反应。本发明还进一步提供了一种治疗用组合物,它包含一种油包水的乳液,其具有一个连续的水相和一个不连续的油相及含有至少0.01%重量的二聚体hCG。本发明也提供了一种方法用于制备药用制剂,所述方法包括供应和混合含hCG的水悬浮液及至少一种油类成份和至少一种乳化剂,它们的数量足够多,使得提供给所述制剂的是油包水的乳液。本发明进一步提供了一种治疗用组合物,它包含一种油包水的乳液和至少一种天然或重组的水溶性生物活性蛋白和任选的至少一种包壁酰肽。本发明也提供了一种试剂盒,用于药物组合物的现场制备,所述的试剂盒包括:1)第一个容器中含一种乳液,其中所述的乳液包括:角鲨烷或角鲨烯,失水山梨醇酯和一种水溶液,和2)第二个容器中含有治疗有效量的二聚体hCG,它存在水溶液中或以粉末形式存在,其中每个容器中成分的浓度是有选择的,这样两个容器中组分的组合会产生一种制剂,它含的所述失水山梨醇酯的量为1-30%,角鲨烷或角鲨烯的量为1-30%,胞壁酰肽的量为0.0001-30%,而hCG的量为0.01-99%。Accordingly, the present invention features pharmaceutical formulations comprising dimeric hCG and muramyl peptides. Additionally, the invention can be characterized as a therapeutic composition comprising: (a) a therapeutically effective amount of dimeric hCG associated with liposomes; and (b) an oil-in-pack containing oil surrounding said liposomes An emulsion of water in an amount sufficient to enhance the therapeutic response relative to the absence of hCG and liposomes in said emulsion. Still further, the present invention provides a method of treating HIV infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of hCG administered with a water-in-oil emulsion relative to said subject. In the absence of said emulsion, said hCG is present in an amount sufficient to increase the clinical response. The present invention also provides a method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of hCG, said hCG being administered with a water-in-oil emulsion, and relative to said hCG Where absent from the emulsion, the amount of the emulsion is sufficient to increase the clinical response. The present invention further provides a therapeutic composition comprising a water-in-oil emulsion having a continuous aqueous phase and a discontinuous oil phase and containing at least 0.01% by weight of dimer hCG. The present invention also provides a method for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation comprising supplying and mixing an hCG-containing aqueous suspension with at least one oily component and at least one emulsifier in a quantity sufficient to provide The formulation is given as a water-in-oil emulsion. The present invention further provides a therapeutic composition comprising a water-in-oil emulsion and at least one natural or recombinant water-soluble bioactive protein and optionally at least one muramyl peptide. The present invention also provides a kit for on-site preparation of a pharmaceutical composition, said kit comprising: 1) a first container containing an emulsion, wherein said emulsion comprises: squalane or squalane squalene, sorbitan esters, and an aqueous solution, and 2) a second container containing a therapeutically effective amount of dimer hCG, either in aqueous solution or in powder form, wherein the concentration of the ingredients in each container is Optionally, the combination of the components in such two containers will produce a formulation containing said sorbitan ester in an amount of 1-30% and squalane or squalene in an amount of 1-30%. %, the amount of muramyl peptide is 0.0001-30%, and the amount of hCG is 0.01-99%.
尽管本发明结合现被认为是最有实践意义和最优选的实施方案已经在上面具体而详细地被充分描述了,但很明显,对本领域的一般技术人员而言,在不背离本发明阐述的原则和概念的情况下,可以对其进行许多修饰。因此,只有通过附加的权利要求书最广泛的解释,本发明的合适范围才能被确定,以致包括了所有这样的修饰以及所有和说明书中描述的东西等同的关系。Although the present invention has been fully described above in detail and in detail in conjunction with what are presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that without departing from the invention set forth herein, In the case of principles and concepts, many modifications can be made to it. Accordingly, the proper scope of the present invention should be determined only by the broadest interpretation of the appended claims so as to include all such modifications and all equivalents to that described in the specification.
Claims (33)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28593901P | 2001-04-25 | 2001-04-25 | |
| US60/285,939 | 2001-04-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1512890A true CN1512890A (en) | 2004-07-14 |
Family
ID=23096335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA028109368A Pending CN1512890A (en) | 2001-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | HCG preparations |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1390053A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004529147A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1512890A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002338436A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002085311A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200309136B (en) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2556266A1 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-25 | Stem Cell Therapeutics Corp. | Use of luteinizing hormone (lh), and chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) for proliferation of neural stem cells and neurogenesis |
| US20150038413A1 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2015-02-05 | Opko Biologics Ltd. | Long-acting polypeptides and methods of producing and administering same |
| US10351615B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2019-07-16 | Opko Biologics Ltd. | Methods of treatment with long-acting growth hormone |
| US9249407B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2016-02-02 | Opko Biologics Ltd. | Long-acting coagulation factors and methods of producing same |
| US20140113860A1 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2014-04-24 | Prolor Biotech Ltd. | Long-acting polypeptides and methods of producing and administering same |
| US10221228B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2019-03-05 | Opko Biologics Ltd. | Long-acting polypeptides and methods of producing and administering same |
| US8946155B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2015-02-03 | Opko Biologics Ltd. | Long-acting polypeptides and methods of producing and administering same |
| US7553941B2 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2009-06-30 | Modigene Inc | Long-acting polypeptides and methods of producing same |
| US8048849B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2011-11-01 | Modigene, Inc. | Long-acting polypeptides and methods of producing same |
| US20110197294A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2011-08-11 | Gottlieb Roberta A | Compositions and methods for restoring mitochondrial electron transfer function |
| US12203113B2 (en) | 2009-07-09 | 2025-01-21 | Opko Biologics Ltd. | Long-acting coagulation factors and methods of producing same |
| US9663778B2 (en) | 2009-07-09 | 2017-05-30 | OPKO Biologies Ltd. | Long-acting coagulation factors and methods of producing same |
| DE102009056871A1 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-22 | Novartis AG, 4056 | Vaccine adjuvants and improved methods of making the same |
| RU2463066C1 (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-10-10 | Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова" Министерства здравоохранения и социального развития Российской Федерации | Prolonged release pharmacological antimicrobial composition |
| AU2013250711A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2014-11-27 | Opko Biologics Ltd. | Long-acting oxyntomodulin variants and methods of producing same |
| KR102341581B1 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2021-12-21 | 옵코 바이오로직스 리미티드 | Method of increasing the hydrodynamic volume of polypeptides by attaching to gonadotrophin carboxy terminal peptides |
| US20150065426A1 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-05 | Professional Compounding Centers Of America | Testosterone Booster Transdermal Compositions |
| US20150158926A1 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2015-06-11 | Opko Biologics, Ltd. | Long-acting polypeptides and methods of producing and administering same |
| PH12021552108A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2022-05-11 | Opko Biologics Ltd | Methods of producing long acting ctp-modified growth hormone polypeptides |
| US9895313B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2018-02-20 | Cureport, Inc. | Combination liposomal pharmaceutical formulations |
| WO2016141161A1 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-09 | Cureport, Inc. | Dual loaded liposomal pharmaceutical formulations |
| CN113289009B (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2025-05-02 | Opko生物科学有限公司 | Long-acting coagulation factor and method for producing the same |
| SG10202100189WA (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2021-02-25 | Opko Biologics Ltd | Long-acting coagulation factor vii and methods of producing same |
| TW202247855A (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2022-12-16 | 美商愛力根公司 | Non-protein clostridial toxin compositions |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4691006A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1987-09-01 | Ohio State University | Antigenic modification of polypeptides |
| US5811390A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1998-09-22 | Metatron, Inc. | Use of beta HCG for the control of retroviral infection |
-
2002
- 2002-04-25 AU AU2002338436A patent/AU2002338436A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-25 CN CNA028109368A patent/CN1512890A/en active Pending
- 2002-04-25 JP JP2002582887A patent/JP2004529147A/en active Pending
- 2002-04-25 WO PCT/US2002/013269 patent/WO2002085311A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-04-25 EP EP02764353A patent/EP1390053A2/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-11-25 ZA ZA200309136A patent/ZA200309136B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004529147A (en) | 2004-09-24 |
| ZA200309136B (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| EP1390053A2 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| WO2002085311A2 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
| WO2002085311A3 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
| AU2002338436A1 (en) | 2002-11-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1512890A (en) | HCG preparations | |
| Proietti et al. | Type I IFN as a natural adjuvant for a protective immune response: lessons from the influenza vaccine model | |
| JP4416839B2 (en) | Treatment of secondary immune deficiency | |
| JP7419268B2 (en) | Compounds containing mutant KRAS sequences and lipids and uses thereof | |
| JP7250986B2 (en) | Cytotoxic immunostimulatory particles and uses thereof | |
| EP0722324B1 (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for immunoenhancement therapy | |
| CN114727964A (en) | Freeze-dried composition of lipid nanoparticles | |
| CN107970451A (en) | TLR activators and the treatment use of therapeutic alliance | |
| CN1278739A (en) | Method of delivering genes to antigen presenting cells of the skin | |
| HU214326B (en) | Process for producing pharmaceutical composition for treating adult t-cell leukaemia/lymphoma | |
| CN88101606A (en) | Treatment of human viral infections using dsRNA in combination with viral inhibitors | |
| HUT74425A (en) | A method for sensitization of cancer for killer cell mediated lysis | |
| CN103003427A (en) | Novel nucleic acid having adjuvant activity and use thereof | |
| CN1845757A (en) | A method of presensitizing cancer prior to radiation and/or chemotherapy treatment with a novel cytokine cocktail | |
| US5250296A (en) | Immunostimulant agent containing interleukin-2 and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine | |
| CN1094310A (en) | Combination chemotherapy for HIV infection | |
| US20220110971A1 (en) | T Cell Modulator | |
| JP7520321B2 (en) | Lipid particles containing A-type CpG oligodeoxynucleotides | |
| JPH03502574A (en) | Methylcellulose pharmaceutical composition | |
| CN118652270B (en) | Anionic lipid compounds, lipid compositions comprising the same and uses thereof | |
| US11766473B2 (en) | Therapeutic cancer vaccine containing tumor-associated neoantigens and immunostimulants in a deliver system | |
| Laude et al. | Advantages of adoptive chemoimmunotherapy with polyethylene glycol-cultured, antigen-activated, tumor-infiltrated spleen cells for the complete eradication of lethal MOPC-315 plasmacytomas | |
| Kocięcka et al. | The effect of Thymus Factor X (TFX Polfa) on the clinical course of human trichinellosis | |
| Stidham et al. | Modulation of specific active immunization against murine melanoma using recombinant cytokines | |
| JPH11503426A (en) | MDP derivatives and complexes exhibiting stimulatory activity with respect to hematopoietic function and compositions containing them |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |