CN1598591A - Multi-targent air monitoring and sampling remote radio monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high altitude atmosphere monitoring and collecting system, it is composed of a detecting host computer and several objective machines, forms a multiposition incorporated solid environment element detecting and collecting flat roof, it can detects and sample several objects in short time, then gives the current atmosphere quality statistic characteristics through analyzing and dealing the data and samples, the high altitude objective machines are loaded by balloon, and raising the balloon artificially according to the needs. The system can analyze, compute, store, display analyzing results. And the whole system is simple, cheap, flexible, convenient, the objective machine and its assistant equipments are light, reliable. And the speed of detecting and collecting is high, the reliability is high, saving a lot of labor and material.

Description

Multi-target Atmospheric Monitoring and Sampling Remote Wireless Measurement and Control System

technical field

The present invention relates to an atmospheric monitoring and collection (or sampling) system, in particular to a system capable of performing remote wireless monitoring and monitoring of the atmosphere of each target point in a certain area (such as a large and medium-sized city as the monitoring center) at the same time. sampling system.

technical background

At present, the monitoring and collection of the surface atmosphere are usually carried out separately, and generally can only be carried out on a single target, and it needs to be measured many times, and the average value is taken; if the atmospheric monitoring and collection of multiple targets is to be carried out, the It is carried out separately, and every time a target point is changed, the instrument needs to be moved and reinstalled, which is time-consuming and troublesome, so that the measured results have little time correlation. Due to the erratic meteorological conditions and the complex emission and diffusion of harmful and toxic gases, the results obtained are rather one-sided and cannot truly reflect the real-time atmospheric conditions of the region. Moreover, the monitoring and collection of high-altitude atmosphere is more costly, and it is usually carried out by special aircraft or launching sounding balloons, and the purpose of monitoring and collecting multiple target points at the same time cannot be achieved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned high-altitude atmospheric monitoring and collection prior art, and develop a multi-target atmospheric monitoring and sampling remote wireless measurement and control system.

The main tasks and technical requirements of the system are:

① Measure the distance of the target point (slave machine) to prepare for the communication between the host machine and the slave machine (there are at least 16 slave machines, and the working distance between the host machine and the slave machine is greater than 2 kilometers, which can carry out both voice communication and data communication );

②Real-time measurement of atmospheric parameters such as atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature, wind speed, and wind direction at the target point (slave machine);

③ Send the data measured by the target point back to the host of the measurement and control center;

④Complete the collection of air samples at the target point.

The multi-target atmosphere monitoring and sampling remote wireless measurement and control system involved in the present invention includes a measurement and control host and multiple measurement and control sub-machines, and half-duplex communication is adopted between the measurement and control host and the plurality of measurement and control sub-machines. Among them, the measurement and control host computer includes: computer (1), single-chip microcomputer (2), instruction generating device (3), instruction encoding device (4), signal modulation device (5), signal transmitting device (6), and the receiving part includes signal receiving device (6), signal demodulation device (7), signal decoding device (8), data processing device (9), single-chip microcomputer (2), computer (1). Single-chip microcomputer, PC and antenna are common parts for transmitting and receiving. The specific structural block diagram of the host system of the measurement and control center is shown in Figure 3. In Figure 3, above the dotted line is the command sending part, and below the dotted line is the command receiving part. The transmission of commands is combined with the reception of signals. The antenna is a shared antenna for sending/receiving. The whole system coordinates and works under the control of PC.

Each measurement and control sub-machine includes a sensor group (10), an atmospheric sampling device (11), a single-chip microcomputer (12), an instruction decoding device (13), a signal demodulation device (14), a signal receiving device/signal transmitting device (15), Signal modulation device (16), signal encoding device (17), signal processing device (18), multi-way switch device (19), sensor group (10), multi-way switch device (19), signal processing device (18), Signal encoding device (17), signal modulating device (16), signal transmitting device (15) are connected successively to form the signal transmitting part of the measurement and control sub-machine, signal receiving device (15), signal demodulating device (14), instruction decoding device ( 13), the single-chip microcomputer (12), and the atmospheric sampling device (11) are sequentially connected to form a signal receiving part of the measurement and control sub-machine.

The atmospheric sampling device comprises a control cable (20), a gas sampling pipe (21), a solenoid valve (22), a manual valve (23), a vacuum gas sampling cylinder (24), and the control cable (20) is connected with the solenoid valve (22). Trachea (21), electromagnetic valve (22), manual valve (23), vacuum gas extraction bottle (24) are connected successively.

The high-altitude target points (submachines) of the measurement and control system are carried by hydrogen balloons, and the balloons are manually lifted up to arrange high-altitude points as needed. The whole measurement and control system is simple, cheap, flexible and easy to operate, and the sub-machines and accessories are light and reliable.

The high-altitude air monitoring and collection system involved in the present invention can continuously monitor and collect the atmosphere of multiple target points in a certain area, and can analyze, calculate, store and display the analysis results. The monitoring and collection speed is fast, the reliability is high, and a lot of manpower and material resources are saved. The system consists of a measurement and control center (host) and monitoring and sampling devices (sub-machines) for multiple target points, forming a multi-in-one three-dimensional atmospheric environment parameter monitoring and sampling platform, which can complete the monitoring of multiple targets in a short period of time. Point monitoring and sampling operations can monitor and sample the atmospheric environment parameters in a certain area (such as large and medium-sized cities as the monitoring center) in real time. Through the analysis and processing of the obtained data and air samples, the current atmospheric environment in the area can be given. The statistical characteristics of quality provide a reliable and scientific basis for economic development and environmental protection activities, thereby reducing the blindness of environmental protection work. This is of great significance to ensure the rational use of limited resources and reduce environmental protection costs.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1. Multi-target atmospheric monitoring and sampling remote wireless measurement and control system model.

Figure 2 Computer measurement and control operation interface.

Figure 3 The principle block diagram of the measurement and control host system

Figure 4 The principle block diagram of the measurement and control sub-computer system

Figure 5 Outline structure diagram of the gas production device

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, multi-target atmospheric monitoring and sampling remote wireless measurement and control system involved in the present invention will be further described

1) System composition and function description

The system consists of a measurement and control host and several remote target sub-machines. According to the needs of atmospheric environment monitoring, the remote target sub-machine can carry out target distribution on the ground or high altitude within the effective radius of the measurement and control host. The high-altitude layout is completed by flying wired balloons. The model of "Multi-target Atmospheric Monitoring and Sampling Remote Wireless Measurement and Control System" is shown in Figure 1.

The layout of the system is as follows: with a certain place (such as Chongqing University) as the measurement and control center, sub-units 1 to 8 are evenly arranged on the ground circumference 1Km away from the measurement and control center, and the remaining sub-units 9 to 16 are carried by wired balloons. Evenly arranged on the high-altitude circle 2Km away from the measurement and control center, it constitutes a three-dimensional remote multi-target atmospheric environment monitoring and acquisition system. Of course, it can also be flexibly arranged according to actual needs.

The communication working mode of the system is: half-duplex mode. In actual work, due to the small amount of transmitted information, half-duplex mode is adopted, that is, no reception is performed when transmitting, and no transmission is performed when receiving.

The signal modulation method of the system is: frequency modulation method. In terms of signal modulation, frequency modulation is used to improve the anti-interference ability of the system.

The signal encoding method of the system is: DTMF encoding. In terms of signal encoding, since the system needs to transmit less data and command words, DTMF encoding can be used. Compared with PCM encoding, DTMF encoding is simpler to implement and has higher reliability. Target address coding: Among the 16 dual-tone codes, select a decimal number code (such as 0 to 9) for 2-digit address coding, which is similar to the target address code recognition of a telephone number. Control command coding: 3-bit coding is carried out on the 6 specific codes of the remaining non-decimal digital codes (such as A, B, C, etc.), so that various command coding can be realized.

Selection of system carrier frequency: In order to avoid interference between the target sub-units, the transmitting frequency of the main unit and the transmitter frequency of the sub-units are separated by a certain frequency interval. The host machine uses 90MHz, and the slave machine uses 120MHz. Therefore, the receiving frequency of each sub-unit is tuned at 90MHz, and the 120MHz signal of the sub-unit cannot be received, thereby avoiding the interference of receiving/sending signals between target sub-units.

The working procedure of the system is: (1) System self-inspection and target distance measurement: the main machine first self-inspects, and then sends the address code to the No. 1 sub-machine. After the No. 1 sub-machine receives its own address code, it triggers the sub-machine to enter the measurement and control state, and start the measurement of atmospheric environment parameters. At the same time, a response signal is sent back to the measurement and control host. The host machine receives the response signal from the slave machine, measures the distance of the slave machine, and creates the measurement and control file of the slave machine. In this way, each target sub-machine is archived according to the number sequence of 1-16. (2) Reading of slave data: the master reads the data of each slave by sending a data read command to each slave. The data reading instruction word is composed of the slave machine address code and the address pointer of the slave machine data storage. There are two ways to send data read instructions: sequential sending and special invitation sending. Under normal circumstances, the data is read sequentially. In special cases, when it is necessary to know the data of a sub-machine in time, the sequential reading can be interrupted, and the data read command is sent to the sub-machine in the way of special invitation to read back. data of the slave. (3) Control of the atmospheric collection of the sub-machines: the control of the host machine to the gas collection cylinders of each sub-machine is realized by sending collection control instructions to each sub-machine. The acquisition control command word is composed of the sub-machine address code and the sub-machine control command code. There are also two methods of sending collection instructions: sequential sending and special invitation sending.

For the convenience of use, the work of the whole system is controlled by the PC of the measurement and control host computer. The system operator does not need to understand many complicated technical issues of the system, just by running the special measurement and control software of the system, it will automatically generate " VB operation window". The operator realizes man-machine dialogue through the operation window, and implements various operations on the system. The "VB operation window" has a friendly interface and is easy to operate. Its main interface is shown in Figure 2.

In Figure 2, the graphic button in the button area is the reset button. Press this button, the system restarts and completes the self-test, and finally the control interface appears. In the target address menu bar, enter the target address (such as sub 01 ~ sub 16). When the system is in the "sequential measurement and control mode", the default starting target address is "sub 01", and the cycle measurement and control is performed in the order of "sub 01" to "sub 16" (the number of cycles can be set and modified arbitrarily). The background color of the sub-machine address turns black, indicating that the system has selected the sub-machine and is ready to implement measurement and control of the sub-machine. At this time, press the start button "Start", and the measurement and control host will start to send measurement and control instructions to the sub-machine and implement measurement and control. At the same time , the characters in the target address menu bar are dimmed, indicating that the system has blocked all operations on the target address menu bar; and the "send" character at the lower part of the target address menu bar is flashing, indicating that the system is sending measurement and control commands to the current target slave. When the instruction is sent, the "send" character stops flashing, the system enters the data receiving state, and the "receive" character starts flashing at the same time, indicating that the system is receiving the data of the current target. When the data is received, the blinking of the "receive" character stops, and at the same time, the target address menu bar returns to the operable state. In this way, the system has completed the measurement and control of the sub-machine, and is about to enter the measurement and control of the next target sub-machine. If you need to perform priority measurement and control on a certain target sub-machine, you first need to press the stop button "stop" to interrupt the current measurement and control process, and the system will automatically enter the "specially invited working mode", and then select the specially invited in the target address menu bar target address, and then press the start button.

For operators who are not very familiar with the system, they can click the "Operation Procedure" button, and the help information of the system will pop up. Users can learn to operate by learning the help files.

In the lower part of the interface, there is also a "system introduction" window, which scrolls to display the relevant information of the system, so as to let users know the system well.

When you are not ready to continue the measurement and control operation, press the stop button "stop", the system will stop working and save the current data. If you are ready to leave this operation interface, just press the "Exit" button.

When the system is ready, you can double-click the icon of the executable file on the desktop to enter the measurement and control operation interface. The PC of the measurement and control host allocates data storage units for each target sub-machine, and the measured data will be automatically stored in the corresponding location, which can be called at any time for statistical analysis. Call and run the "multi-objective programming" analysis program to analyze the multi-objective parameters of the test rounds, and then the statistical characteristics of the atmospheric environment under the parameter state can be obtained. In order to achieve the purpose required by the system.

2) Composition of the measurement and control host system

The host of the measurement and control center is mainly composed of a transmitting part and a receiving part. The transmitting part includes: computer (1), single-chip microcomputer (2), instruction generating device (3), instruction encoding device (4), signal modulating device (5), signal transmitting device/signal receiving device (6), signal demodulating device (7), signal decoding device (8), data processing device (9). The receiving part includes: a signal receiving device (6), a signal demodulating device (7), a signal decoding device (8), and a data processing device (9). The specific structural block diagram of the measurement and control host system is shown in Figure 3. In Figure 3, above the dotted line is the command sending part, and below the dotted line is the command receiving part. The transmission of commands is combined with the reception of signals. The antenna is a shared antenna for sending/receiving. The whole system coordinates and works under the control of PC.

The host system of the measurement and control center mainly performs multi-target identification, monitoring and management for each sub-machine, reads the atmospheric environment parameters measured by each sub-machine, and remotely controls each sub-machine to complete the collection of atmospheric samples at the target point.

The computer (PC) manages the whole system through the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer directly implements intelligent control to the system. Instruction generation and address generator, mainly used to generate each target address and various measurement and control instructions. The instruction encoder realizes the DTMF encoding of each target address and various measurement and control instructions. The signal modulator uses frequency modulation to modulate the DTMF signal. The transmitter/receiver adopts half-duplex mode, and is used to transmit the frequency-modulated signal of the host when it is in the transmitting working state; it is used to receive the signal sent back by the selected target sub-machine when it is in the receiving working state. The signal demodulator demodulates the high-frequency signal received by the transmitter/receiver to obtain a DTMF signal. The signal decoder decodes the DTMF signal to obtain a digital signal. The data processor processes the obtained data and sends it to the data memory. The single-chip microcomputer reads the data from the data memory and sends it to the PC for display and storage, ready for analysis and calling. The host thus completes a measurement and control of a target slave.

3) Composition of the target subsystem

The target subsystem is mainly composed of a receiving part and a transmitting part. The receiving part comprises: a signal receiving device (15), a signal demodulating device (14), an instruction decoding device (13), a single-chip microcomputer (12), and an atmospheric sampling device (11). The transmitting part includes: sensor group (10), multi-way switch device (19), signal processing device (18), single-chip microcomputer (12), signal encoding device (17), signal modulating device (16), signal transmitting device (15) . Single-chip microcomputer and antenna are common parts for transmitting and receiving. The specific structural block diagram of the target subsystem is shown in Figure 4. In Figure 4, above the dotted line is the instruction receiving part, and below the dotted line is the measurement data transmitting part. The reception of commands is combined with the transmission of signals. The antenna is a shared antenna for receiving/sending. The whole system coordinates and works under the control of the single-chip microcomputer.

The sub-machine systems coordinate and work under the unified control of the host system of the measurement and control center, and mainly complete the atmospheric monitoring and collection of multiple target points, and send the measured parameters to the host of the measurement and control center.

The receiver/transmitter adopts half-duplex mode. When it is in the receiving working state, it is used to receive the control signal sent by the measurement and control host; when it is in the transmitting working state, it is used to transmit the frequency-modulated signal of the sub-unit to the measurement and control host. The signal demodulator demodulates the high-frequency signal received by the receiver/transmitter to obtain a DTMF signal. The instruction decoder decodes the DTMF signal, obtains digital instructions and sends them to the single-chip microcomputer, and then the single-chip microcomputer sends atmospheric collection control instructions to each actuator, and sends the measured atmospheric parameters to the measurement and control host. The sensor group converts the atmospheric environment parameters to be measured into electrical signals. Under the programming control of the single-chip microcomputer, the multi-way switch sends the signals measured by each sensor to the signal processor in time-sharing, and the signal processor digitizes the signals and stores them in the The address unit specified by the microcontroller. After the single-chip microcomputer accepts the reading instruction from the host computer, it sends the data to the signal encoder. The signal encoder performs DTMF encoding on the digital signal, the signal modulator performs frequency modulation on the DTMF signal, and the signal transmitter sends data back to the host. The target sub-machine thus completes the atmospheric monitoring and collection of the target point.

Claims (3)

1. A multi-target atmospheric monitoring and sampling remote wireless measurement and control system, comprising a measurement and control host and multiple measurement and control sub-machines, characterized in that half-duplex communication is used between the measurement and control host and the multiple measurement and control sub-machines. 2. The multi-target atmospheric monitoring and sampling remote wireless measurement and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the measurement and control host includes a computer (1), a single-chip microcomputer (2), an instruction generating device (3), and an instruction encoding device (4) , a signal modulating device (5), a signal transmitting device/signal receiving device (6), a signal demodulating device (7), a signal decoding device (8), a data processing device (9), a computer (1) and a single chip microcomputer (2 ) are connected, the instruction dust forming device (3), instruction encoding device (4), signal modulation device (5), and signal transmitting device (6) are connected in sequence to form the signal transmitting part of the measurement and control host, the signal receiving device (6), the signal demodulation The device (7), the signal decoding device (8), and the data processing device (9) are connected in sequence to form the receiving part of the measurement and control host; each measurement and control sub-machine includes a sensor group (10), an atmospheric sampling device (11), a single-chip microcomputer (12) , instruction decoding device (13), signal demodulation device (14), signal receiving device/signal transmitting device (15), signal modulating device (16), signal encoding device (17), signal processing device (18), multiplex The switch device (19), the sensor group (10), the multi-way switch device (19), the signal processing device (18), the signal encoding device (17), the signal modulation device (16), and the signal transmitting device (15) are sequentially connected to form The signal transmitting part of the measurement and control sub-machine, the signal receiving device (15), the signal demodulation device (14), the instruction decoding device (13), the single-chip microcomputer (12), and the atmospheric sampling device (11) are connected in sequence to form the signal receiving part of the measurement and control sub-machine . 3. The multi-target atmospheric monitoring and sampling remote wireless measurement and control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the atmospheric sampling device includes a control cable (20), a gas sampling pipe (21), a solenoid valve (22), a manual valve (23 ), the vacuum gas cylinder (24), the control cable (20) is connected with the solenoid valve (22), the gas pipeline (21), the solenoid valve (22), the manual valve (23), and the vacuum gas cylinder (24) are connected in sequence .