CN1595290A - Digital photograph automatic exposure unit for X-ray production apparatus and control method - Google Patents
Digital photograph automatic exposure unit for X-ray production apparatus and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1595290A CN1595290A CN 200410020880 CN200410020880A CN1595290A CN 1595290 A CN1595290 A CN 1595290A CN 200410020880 CN200410020880 CN 200410020880 CN 200410020880 A CN200410020880 A CN 200410020880A CN 1595290 A CN1595290 A CN 1595290A
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Abstract
This invention relates to medical appliance technique field, which in detail is an automatic exposure control system of the X-ray apparatus and comprises the hardware devices and software control programs, wherein, the hardware device is connected with CCD cameral, image collecting card, high-pressure generator through the digital photograph ABC control module and communicates with the system software. The control module runs by certain time sequence and is based on the frame synchronization signals sent by the cameral and completes the single frame photography and time sequence photography. The ABC control module is centered on the micro controller and gets the control information from the system software and controls the CCD cameral, high pressure generator, image collecting card according to the time sequence requirement of different work modes and completes the automatic exposure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medical instruments, relate to X-ray production apparatus image system various piece, the automatic exposure control when mainly realizing the medical X ray machine digital photography.
Background technology
Usually the work of X-ray production apparatus camera chain is made up of following part:
Digital photography: medical X ray machine has perspective (FluoroScopy) usually, photography (PhotoGraph) two kinds of mode of operations, and dosage is lower when generally having an X-rayed, and image shows on computer screen in real time; Dosage is higher during photography, and image generally is saved, and photography has dual mode, and a kind of film development that is to use is commonly called as " film making "; Another kind is by image amplifier X ray to be transformed into visible light, delivering to computing machine by camera then shows, handles, files, this mode is called " digital photography ", digital photography utilizes advanced digital technology, can handle and store image, be present widely used a kind of mode;
Automatic exposure control (AEC, Auto Exposure Control): the technology of using always when automatic exposure control (AEC) is the X-ray production apparatus shooting operation, its ultimate principle is, utilize PMT, the visible light of devices such as Photo-Diode sampling image amplifier cutout screen, and transform into electric signal and deliver to the AEC parts, the AEC parts are done integral operation to electric signal, increase along with the time shutter, the accumulated voltage value increases, and when reaching a certain setting value (corresponding to a certain brightness of image), the AEC parts stop the work of high pressure generator, X-ray tube no longer produces X ray, and exposure stops;
The sequence photography: digital photography can be divided into single frames photography and sequence photography, and X-ray generator only produces an exposed pulse, system acquisition one two field picture during the single frames photography; During the sequence photography, X-ray generator produces an exposed pulse sequence, image sequence of system acquisition;
Digital Subtraction (DSA, Digital Substraction Angiography): will inject the image image preceding that obtains behind the contrast preparation and after certain processing, subtract each other with injecting contrast preparation, obtain the image of part interested, be referred to as Digital Subtraction, for interested part in the outstanding image, requirement can cut other uninterested parts, and the image that therefore requires to inject the contrast preparation front and back has good consistance except that the part that contrast preparation is arranged.
Summary of the invention
Only be applied at existing Control Technique for Automatic Exposure under the situation of film pick-up, purpose of the present invention provides a kind of X ray digital photography automatic exposure unit and control method, automatic exposure control when utilizing this system and device to realize digital photography can reach optimum efficiency to guarantee the exposure image under the different condition; And when guaranteeing the sequence exposure in the same sequence each two field picture have good consistance, the effect when guaranteeing to subtract shadow.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the present invention is made up of digital photography automatic exposure unit and control method two parts, wherein exposure device is by digital photography automatic exposure control module, the CCD camera, the baroluminescence device, image pick-up card and corresponding system software are formed, its connection is a digital photography automatic exposure control module, be called for short the AEC module, join by accumulation pattern control signal and CCD camera, camera inputs to the AEC module to frame synchronizing signal again, the AEC module sends the capture card trigger pip and is connected to image pick-up card, the ACE control module sends to high pressure generator to high pressure generator required trigger pulse control signal and photosignal simultaneously, this high pressure generator sends to the ACE module to the exposure indicator signal again, last camera sends to the AEC module to data stream through image pick-up card and system software, becomes system control signal (as shown in Figure 1).
Automatic exposure control (AEC) is under mode of operation, the maximum exposure time is that 100ms, CCD are operated under the general work pattern, because the difference of frame frequency, being generally tens milliseconds is the cycle output data, and the time shutter is long, camera just is operated in work under the accumulation pattern, the result is when the exposure beginning, and the CCD camera is started working, before end exposure, camera is output data not, ability output image data when the next frame synchronization behind end exposure arrives.
Under accumulation pattern work, its sequential chart as shown in Figure 2:
1, frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync);
2, CCD camera read signal (under the non-accumulation pattern), (CCD Read_1);
3, accumulation pattern control signal, when this signal was effective, the CCD camera worked in accumulation pattern (INT);
The work schedule of inside (Integration) when 4, the CCD camera works in accumulation pattern;
5, CCD camera read signal (under the accumulation pattern), (CCD Read_2).
As shown in the figure, when the CCD camera is operated in non-accumulation pattern, accumulation control signal invalid (high level), each frame synchronization is exported a frame image data 2 later, when camera was operated in accumulation pattern, during the accumulation control signal effective (low level), camera is output data not, when the invalid later next frame synchronization of accumulation control signal arrived, camera is output data 5.
Sequential chart during the single frames photography, as shown in Figure 3:
1, frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync);
2, high pressure generator required trigger pulse of when work, under the situation that other conditions satisfy, this signal is effective, high pressure generator work, this invalidating signal, high pressure generator quit work (SpotIn);
3, exposure indicator signal, this signal is effective, and the expression high pressure is worked, and X-ray tube produces X ray (ExpOn);
4, the external signal of control camera mode of operation, this signal is (being that low level is effective among the figure) effectively, camera is in accumulation mode of operation (INT);
5, CCD camera read signal (under the accumulation pattern), (CCD Read).
When single frames is photographed, assign exposure indication back (as pressing the exposure handle) the doctor, it is effective that the next frame synchronizing signal after X-ray generator is ready to will trigger SpotIn, and X-ray generator is started working, ExpOn signal indication exposure is carried out, and the INT signal simultaneously effectively.Meanwhile, the AEC parts are started working, when the time shutter reaches a certain length, when the accumulated voltage of AEC parts reached a certain setting value, the AEC parts stopped high-pressure work, meanwhile, the ExpOn Signal Fail, the INT invalidating signal, and the SpotIn signal is changed to invalid.When INT invalidating signal next frame synchronization later arrived, CCD Read signal was effective, and the notice image pick-up card begins images acquired.
Sequential chart during the sequence photography, as shown in Figure 4:
1, frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync);
2, high pressure generator required trigger pulse of when work, under the situation that other conditions satisfy, this signal is effective, high pressure generator work, this invalidating signal, high pressure generator quit work (SpotIn);
3, exposure indicator signal, this signal is effective, and the expression high pressure is worked, and X-ray tube produces X ray (ExpOn);
4, the external signal of control camera mode of operation, this signal is (being that low level is effective among the figure) effectively, camera is in accumulation mode of operation (INT);
5, CCD camera read signal (under the Integration pattern), (CCD Read).
First of sequence photography, second exposed pulse is operated under the AEC pattern, assign exposure indication back (as pressing the exposure handle) the doctor, it is effective that next frame synchronizing signal after X-ray generator is ready to will trigger SpotIn, X-ray generator is started working, ExpOn signal indication exposure is carried out, and the INT signal simultaneously effectively.Meanwhile, the AEC parts are started working, when the time shutter reaches a certain length, when the accumulated voltage of AEC parts reached a certain setting value, the AEC parts stopped high-pressure work, meanwhile, the ExpOn Signal Fail, the INT invalidating signal, and the SpotIn signal is changed to invalid.When INT invalidating signal next frame synchronization later arrived, CCD Read signal was effective, and the notice image pick-up card begins images acquired.The time shutter length of second exposed pulse goes on record, and since the 3rd exposed pulse, exposed pulse time span thereafter repeats the length of second exposed pulse.
Digital photography, digital control module program circuit as shown in Figure 6, automatic exposure control module workflow is made up of the following step:
1, system initialization is provided with the initial value of input/output port;
2, detect Fluo signal and Rad signal, judge that be shooting operation or pivot operation this moment.If be pivot operation, detect the rising edge of ExpOn, enable the INT signal, make camera be operated in accumulation pattern, detect ExpOn signal negative edge then, the negative edge of waiting for next frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync) arrives, and delay time and sends out accumulation pattern end signal (INT invalidating signal), a ViperTrig signal triggering image pick-up card images acquired after 5 milliseconds;
3 if shooting operation detects the ExpMode signal, determines that the single frames photography still is the sequence photography, and detection system software sends/fenfre0 then ,/fenfre1, and/fenfre2 signal is determined frame rate;
If 4 single frames exposure, detect the rising edge of ExpOn, enable the INT signal, make camera be operated in accumulation pattern, detect ExpOn signal negative edge then, the negative edge of waiting for next frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync) arrives, and delay time and sends out accumulation pattern end signal (INT invalidating signal), a ViperTrig signal triggering image pick-up card images acquired after 5 milliseconds;
If 5 sequences are photographed, select exposure for the second time as a reference, write down the reference time length of its time shutter as the sequence of exposing afterwards;
6, detect ExpOn signal rising edge, enable the INT signal, make camera be operated in accumulation pattern and pick up counting;
7, timing reaches reference time length, sends out the Rad_Term signal, finishes current exposed pulse;
8, detect ExpOn signal negative edge, wait for that the negative edge of next frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync) arrives, delay time and send out accumulation pattern end signal (INT invalidating signal), a ViperTrig signal triggering image pick-up card images acquired after 5 milliseconds;
9, return step 2, wait for next operation.
Advantage of the present invention: X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit and control method have implements many-sided advantages such as simple, that effect is obvious, maximum characteristics have been improved picture quality, have been guaranteed the consistance between each two field picture in the sequence photography, and made things convenient for doctor's operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit block diagram;
Fig. 2 is an X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit, and camera is operated in the sequential chart under the accumulation pattern;
Fig. 3 is an X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit, the sequential chart when camera is operated in single frames;
Fig. 4 is an X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit, the sequential chart when camera is operated in the sequence photography;
Fig. 5 is an X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit electrical schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is an X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure control method program flow diagram.
Embodiment
X ray of the present invention and numeral and digital photography automatic exposure unit circuit structure mainly are made of two parts: by the kernel control module of single-chip microcomputer (MCU) formation and the interface circuit of associated components.
The definition of each signal among Fig. 1, the explanation in sequential chart, with the annexation of system other parts as shown by arrows.
This installs electrical schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 5, mainly comprises following two parts in this modular design
1, be the RadSpotIn signal generator module of core with 74LS74 (U31A), this signal is used to trigger high pressure and starts working;
2, be the control core module with AT89C52 (U27), be used for the working method and the sequential of control system each several part.
System software provides working method control signal required among the design:
Mainly comprise:
1, xpMode: the exposure mode of operation control signal is used to indicate still sequence photography of single frames photography;
2, Fluo, the Rad exposure, the perspective control signal is used for still perspective of indication exposure;
3 ,/and fenfre0 ,/fenfre1 ,/fenfre2 is used for the frame rate that indicator sequence exposes.
Interface with high pressure generator:
1, RadSpotIn signal is produced by 74LS47 and interlock circuit, is used to trigger high pressure generator and starts working;
2, ExpOn, the high pressure generator feedback signal, when in running order, this signal is effective.
Interface signal with the CCD camera:
1, FrameSync: through the frame synchronizing signal frequency division that the CCD camera produces, shaping produces, as the synchronizing signal of relevant portion;
2, INT: accumulation mode of operation control signal.When this signal was effective, camera was in the accumulation mode of operation.
Interface signal with image pick-up card:
1, ViperTrig: be used to trigger image pick-up card and begin images acquired.
Other signals:
1, ExpStart signal: by the exposure commencing signal that sends of exposure handle (or other shooting operation switches);
2 ,/and PhotoSpotIn (0): the high pressure generator trigger pip of frame rate during greater than 5 frames/second;
3 ,/and PhotoSpotIn (1): the high pressure generator trigger pip of frame rate during smaller or equal to 5 frames/second;
4, the selection signal of GT5F (Great Than 5 Frame/S) :/PhotoSpotIn (0) and/PhotoSpotIn (1).
Claims (5)
1, a kind of X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit, the core that it is characterized in that this device is digital photography automatic exposure control module (an AEC module), the Control Software that mainly comprises the hardware circuit board of digital photography AEC control module and on circuit board, move in the microcontroller (single-chip microcomputer), the AEC module obtains mode of operation control signal and state control signal from system software, this module output accumulation formula control signal (INT) is given the CCD camera, obtain frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync) from camera simultaneously, the AEC control module produces the required trigger pulse control signal of high pressure generator, and obtain corresponding feedback signal ExpOn from high pressure generator, the AEC module sends the trigger collection signal to image pick-up card (ViperTrig), the data stream of last camera is given system software through image pick-up card and is carried out the image storage, aftertreatment, transmission etc.
2, a kind of control method of X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure unit as claimed in claim 1, this method during by sequential chart under the accumulation pattern work, single frames photography sequential chart and the sequential chart during the sequence photography describe, it is characterized in that this method by: when sequential control under accumulation pattern work, single frames photography when sequential control and sequence photography sequential control form.
Wherein clock signal is under accumulation pattern work:
1), frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync);
2), CCD camera read signal (under the non-accumulation pattern), (CCD Read_1);
3), the accumulation pattern control signal, when this signal was effective, the CCD camera worked in accumulation pattern (INT);
The work schedule of inside (Integration) when 4), the CCD camera works in accumulation pattern;
5), CCD camera read signal (under the accumulation pattern), (CCD Read_2).
3, by the control method of the described X-ray production apparatus digital photography of claim 2 automatic exposure unit, timing control signal is when it is characterized in that the single frames photography:
1), frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync);
2), high pressure generator required trigger pulse of when work, under the situation that other conditions satisfy, this signal is effective, high pressure generator work, this invalidating signal, high pressure generator quit work (SpotIn);
3), the exposure indicator signal, this signal is effective, the expression high pressure is worked, X-ray tube produces X ray (ExpOn);
4), the external signal of control camera mode of operation, this signal is (be that low level is effective among the figure) effectively, camera is in and accumulates mode of operation (INT);
5), CCD camera read signal (under the accumulation pattern), (CCDRead).
4, by the control method of the described X-ray production apparatus digital photography of claim 2 automatic exposure unit, timing control signal is when it is characterized in that the sequence photography:
1), frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync);
2), high pressure generator required trigger pulse of when work, under the situation that other conditions satisfy, this signal is effective, high pressure generator work, this invalidating signal, high pressure generator quit work (SpotIn);
3), the exposure indicator signal, this signal is effective, the expression high pressure is worked, X-ray tube produces X ray (ExpOn);
4), the external signal of control camera mode of operation, this signal is (be that low level is effective among the figure) effectively, camera is in and accumulates mode of operation (INT);
5), CCD camera read signal (under the Integration pattern), (CCDRead).
5, want the control method of 2 described X-ray production apparatus digital photography automatic exposure units by right, it is characterized in that automatic exposure control module workflow is made up of the following step:
1), system initialization, the initial value of input/output port is set;
2), detect Fluo signal and Rad signal, judge that be shooting operation or pivot operation this moment; If be pivot operation, detect the rising edge of ExpOn, enable the INT signal, make camera be operated in accumulation pattern, detect ExpOn signal negative edge then, the negative edge of waiting for next frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync) arrives, and delay time and sends out accumulation pattern end signal (INT invalidating signal), a ViperTrig signal triggering image pick-up card images acquired after 5 milliseconds;
3) if shooting operation detects the ExpMode signal, determine that the single frames photography still is the sequence photography, detection system software sends/fenfre0 then ,/fenfre1 ,/fenfre2 signal is determined frame rate;
4) if the single frames exposure, detect the rising edge of ExpOn, enable the INT signal, make camera be operated in accumulation pattern, detect ExpOn signal negative edge then, the negative edge of waiting for next frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync) arrives, and delay time and sends out accumulation pattern end signal (INT invalidating signal), a ViperTrig signal triggering image pick-up card images acquired after 5 milliseconds;
5) if sequence is photographed, select exposure for the second time as a reference, write down the reference time length of its time shutter as the sequence of exposing afterwards;
6), detect ExpOn signal rising edge, enable the INT signal, make camera be operated in accumulation pattern and pick up counting;
7), timing reaches reference time length, sends out the Rad_Term signal, finishes current exposed pulse;
8), detect ExpOn signal negative edge, wait for that the negative edge of next frame synchronizing signal (FrameSync) arrives, delay time and sends out accumulation pattern end signal (INT invalidating signal), a ViperTrig signal triggering image pick-up card images acquired after 5 milliseconds;
9), return step 2, wait next operation.
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| CN107168444A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-15 | 上海冠瑞医疗设备股份有限公司 | The exposure-control device and Exposure Control Module of high-voltage generator |
| CN108852397A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-23 | 南京普爱医疗设备股份有限公司 | A kind of intelligent pulse converter plant for X-ray production apparatus |
| CN109480880A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏瑞尔医疗科技有限公司 | Map device and its method are adopted in a kind of exposure of hardware synchronization |
| CN109480880B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-12-12 | 江苏瑞尔医疗科技有限公司 | Hardware synchronous exposure image acquisition device and method thereof |
| CN111447373A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-24 | 北京纳米维景科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic exposure control system and image correction method |
| CN111447373B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-26 | 北京纳米维景科技有限公司 | Automatic exposure control system and image correction method |
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