CN1592808A

CN1592808A - Watermarked and/or embossed paper

Info

Publication number: CN1592808A
Application number: CNA02823488XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尼古拉斯·G·皮尔逊
Original assignee: De la Rue International Ltd
Current assignee: Portles Paper Co ltd
Priority date: 2001-11-26
Filing date: 2002-11-26
Publication date: 2005-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-26
Also published as: BR0214420B1; AU2002356269B2; CA2468421A1; US7399513B2; GB2382325A8; GB0128280D0; HU228442B1; ATE399226T1; US7704585B2; GB2382325B; KR20100019543A; US20050163970A1; US20080305308A1; UA77026C2; HUP0402123A1; BR0214420A; WO2003046282A1; PL205512B1; RU2286414C2; KR20040095197A

Abstract

The present invention relates to improvements in paper, and in particular to the use of watermarks and/or embossings to reinforce the strength of paper and documents formed therefrom. The invention therefore provides a sheet of paper having at least three corners and three sides joined at said corners, characterised in that a corner reinforcing watermark is provided at each of said corners. Alternatively, or in addition, corner reinforcing embossings are provided on each of said corners.

Description

Paper with watermark and/or embossing

The present invention relates to a kind of improvement of paper, the invention particularly relates to the use of a kind of watermark and/or embossing, wherein these watermarks and/or embossing are used for strengthening the intensity by its scraps of paper that form and file.

Fold on the banknote or bent corners (Zhe angle) have tangible problem for many banks, because they can produce some problems in cash handling apparatus, and can cause shortening artificially note life.Many these bank note of machine refusal circulation.One main European Central Bank of family represents, what refused by they machines 80% is because this corner folds.Bank note with fold turning also can go wrong in ATM, cash dispenser and other bank note treatment device.This has just become a bigger problem, because use these machines to become more and more widely.

People carry out some effort to address this problem by making bill handling apparatus have following device: the file that banknote can not supplied with the Zhe angle or roll with blocking thereby this device is flattened.This system is described among the US-A-5265856.

Another problem that banknote is easy to generate especially is, because the user likes rolling and folding bank note stores or is kept in the wallet.This edge middle part that causes bank note is damaged, and similar problem also can be created in ATM and other bank note treatment device, and because that Zhe angle and turning are produced is the same.

Therefore, the objective of the invention is to find that a kind of method reduces the generation of corner folds and/or the damage of middle edge.

Therefore, the invention provides a kind of paper, this paper has at least three turnings and three sidepieces that are bonded on the described turning, and wherein reinforcement watermark in turning is arranged on each of described turning.

The present invention also provides a kind of paper, this paper has at least three turnings and three sidepieces that are bonded on the described turning, wherein, some turnings are strengthened embossing and are arranged on each described turning, these reinforcement embossings are provided with independently, perhaps also be provided with some and strengthen embossings except watermark is strengthened at the turning.

Now,, only the present invention is described by example with reference to accompanying drawing, in these accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 has the turning to strengthen the little paper of watermark such as the view of banknote;

Fig. 2 shows the different watermarks that are used for experimentizing;

Fig. 3,4 and 5 shows the experimental result of various experiments, and these results show improvement provided by the present invention;

Fig. 6 has the edge to strengthen the little paper of watermark such as the view of banknote; And

Fig. 7 and 8 is the cutaway views that are used for making the rotary screen cage face (cylinder mould cover) of the paper with turning of the present invention reinforcement watermark.

With reference to Fig. 1, it shows for example banknote of a little paper 10, and this little paper is by hand or use known paper machine such as cylinder mould or fourdrinier machine to form.Various fibers can be used for making this paper, and these fibers comprise synthetic fiber or natural fabric or the two mixture.The present invention is the actual fabrication of these fibers without limits, and this actual fabrication depends on what effect of desired generation on the paper of completion.For the loan that is used for secure file such as banknote, passport, identity card etc., these need can be wear-resisting, have elasticity and supports of controlling oneself, so must select suitable fibre blend.

According to a first aspect of the invention, during manufacturing paper, watermark 11 is arranged in each turning of paper 10.Produce watermark by such known technology: change the grammes per square metre of paper fiber, so that in some zones, these fiber grammes per square metres are greater than the grammes per square metre of ground paper layer (base paper layer), and in other cases, their grammes per square metre is littler.When observing under transmitted light, less these zones of grammes per square metre are lighter, and bigger these zones of grammes per square metre are darker than base stock, and can most clearly find out the contrast between bright areas and the dark areas.

Watermark is widely used as security feature, because true watermark is very difficult to copy, is difficult to especially forge by replica technology.They are also as aesthetic features, for example as the aesthetic features in the stationery, because complicated patterns can be produced by digital watermark.Traditionally, watermark always trends towards being arranged on the main body of paper or file, and in this paper or file, they are so produced, so that they can clearly be seen.In the present invention, on the other hand, these watermarks are arranged in each turning of paper clearly.This causes the rigidity at these turnings to improve greatly, thereby significantly, has unexpectedly reduced the fold (Zhe angle) at turning.

In particular, find that these watermarks that improve the grammes per square metre of paper in the turning of file have partly reduced the tendentiousness that forms the pleat angle significantly by improving the rigidity in this zone.A reason that realizes this raising is to have improved the rigidity of paper.Be well known that, Shu Yuanli according to classics, square being directly proportional of the rigidity of object and its thickness, this be described in " Pulp and Paper Technologyand Treatments of Paper " (＜＜paper pulp and paper technology, paper is handled〉〉), 1978,74 pages, J d ' A Clark work, Freeman publishing company, San Francisco.Therefore the thickness increase is less, can cause out-of-proportion bigger rigidity benefit.Typical stiffness measurement is the L﹠amp of defined among the ISO2493; The W experiment.

Another special efficient watermark pattern is such: some lines that make the bigger zone of grammes per square metre are to become 55 to spend to the edge of 35 angles of spending near paper, more preferably 45 degree with vertical edge.

In some experiments of using hand-built paper to realize, this hand-built paper uses a kind of manual paper matrix of special preparation to make, seven kinds of different patterns are printed off in this hand-made paper mold pressing, can find, watermark is strengthened at the turning can make paper increase above 50% in the rigidity at these turnings.These patterns of being tested are illustrated among Fig. 2.For convenience, these are labeled as pattern A, B, C, D, D, E, F, G, and blank control mark is H.Measure L﹠amp with the angle that becomes 45 degree with machine direction; W rigidity, the results are shown among Fig. 2 of each pattern.

Fig. 4 shows the result of experiment that is used for this research and develops.This experiment has provided such angle: coming crookedly after it with known power, this is folding to unclamp with this angle.In this case, no matter whether other factors is constant, watermark has also improved the recovery angle of fold, because watermark recovery has applied rigidity.The results are shown among Fig. 4 of the concrete pattern of Fig. 2.

Another experiment is performed to determine to form the probability of corner folds (Zhe angle), and this result of experiment is illustrated among Fig. 5.These results show the rigidity of fold, and six band chart case F show work " Zhe ascent " at least.Can find that pattern F is the most effective.This is such place: watermark comprises the thick candy strip with some stripeds, and these stripeds become 45 degree basically with respect to machine direction (edge of paper 10).The preferred thickness that is used for these stripeds of these experiments is that 1-2mm is wide, and it is wide most preferably to be 1.5mm.Second pattern the most effective is A, and it has the thick wave of 2mm.

These experiments show that the orientation that forms these elements of watermark design is important for producing suitable strength along following direction: corner folds may form along this direction, and for example machine direction becomes 45 degree relatively.

Find that the rigidity of paper these places below is improved: watermark is formed by positive pattern, thereby compare with the thickness of ground paper layer, increased the size in selected zone, and this ground paper layer is opposite with negative pattern, and in this negative pattern, major part is thinner than the thickness of ground paper layer.

The rigidity of not only finding paper is improved in the paper of the manufacturing according to the present invention, and in the experiment of measuring fold recovery angle, can find that the improvement that fold recovers is not having the turning to strengthen having improved 50% on the paper of watermark.

In another embodiment of the present invention, watermark 12 is created on the middle part at each edge of paper 10 or covers it, promptly when observing in the face of it, on the east of bank note, south, west, position, north.Provide this reinforcement watermark by center at each edge, these problems of the damage at the middle part at each edge that determine, that relate to some banknotes have been found obvious minimizing in front, as shown in Figure 6, because in these zones, improved rigidity and improved the fold recovery capability.In addition, watermark 12 is preferably positive, and preferable shape comprises fold and/or the design element that promptly is parallel to the edge of paper 10 perpendicular to possible fold or reverses direction.

Combination with bank note example pattern as shown in figs. 1 and 6 of turning and center edge reinforcement is preferred.

Reinforcement watermark 11,12 separately can be discontinuous, and as shown in figs. 1 and 6, perhaps they can be bonded together, so watermark occurs as the continuous frame around whole paper 10.On the other hand, having only some to strengthen watermark 11,17 can be joined together, so that aesthetic pattern to be provided.

Should be noted that the paper that machine is made forms continuous roll web, these roll webs are cut subsequently to form independent paper.Obviously, the pattern of formed reinforcement watermark 11,12 needs design carefully on roll web, to guarantee that when paper 10 is cut watermark 11,12 is arranged on the turning and/or edge of paper 10.

In another embodiment of the present invention, find that the effective thickness of paper in the file turning can improve by following: some fold are impressed in the paper with pattern, this pattern be used for that the watermark turning strengthens above-mentioned those are similar.Preferably, can realize impression by the intaglio process, this intaglio process is generally used for printing security documents.

Be well known that, make the process of photogravuring impress out common secure file and special banknote.The impression that does not use printing ink is sometimes with the use of production sense of touch security feature, and these sense of touch security features can be found in the Dutch 10 Guilder notes of distribution in 1997.These bank note have a series of chevron patterns down in the bottom of the minor face edge of these bank note.Experiment performed on these bank note shows, does not improve the rigidity of corner folds by these impressions.This reason is, they correctly are not provided with to produce this effect, and they are too too thin away from trimming edge and these lines.

Other embodiment of the extension of this idea and the invention described above is such file, and in this document, watermark is strengthened the turning and also strengthened by the fold that intaglio impressed, and these fold are adopted the pattern of strengthening structure similar with watermark.When these technology combine in the experiment that is applied to banknote, realize that corner stiffness brings up to 250%, this passes through L﹠amp; The W Rigidity Experiment is measured.

On the other hand, watermark is strengthened the turning and is replaced with turning reinforcement impression, and this turning is strengthened impression and can be produced by the intaglio that has or do not have printing ink.Preferably, these embossings are filled such zone: this zone is delimited by the length of the 10mm at least on each adjacent side portion at each turning.More preferably, the whole zone at each turning is filled.Preferably, these embossings comprise some stripeds, and the width of each striped is between the 0.5-3mm, and these stripeds come separately at interval by some, and width at interval is 0.5-3mm.These stripeds can be straight, wavy or crooked, and are preferably parallel.

With respect to the line (this line is arranged to 45 degree with respect to an edge) of corner folds, the angle of the bar of embossing is preferably 70 and spends to 111 degree, more preferably 90 degree.

For for paper hereof, and in these files, strengthen watermark, produced some problems so: compare with the center, on the edge of roll web, have bigger degree of shrinkage very near other the portrait of security feature as printing.For the document width that is completed uniformly, therefore, the actual file width on the rotary screen cage face has to change with the compensate for shrinkage rate during manufacture.The solution of this problem is, these stripeds of embossing/watermark comprise less vertical and horizontal tail, and according to the position on the cylinder mould face, this embossing/watermark allows the mold pressing seal zone of cylinder mould face to carry out overlapping or separate.Fig. 7 shows overlapping mold pressing seal zone, and Fig. 8 shows mould to be separated, thereby allows described cylinder edge to carry out maximum contraction.In these overlapping zones of needs, there be not level and vertical tails but having under the situation of end of twill striped to eliminate these twill stripeds mutually.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A paper having at least three corners and three sides joined at said corners, wherein a corner strengthening watermark is provided at each of said corners.

2. A paper having at least three corners and three sides joining said corners, wherein an edge-enhancing watermark is provided on the middle portion of each side, or covers the middle part.

3. Paper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the enhanced watermark is a positive watermark.

4. Paper according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the enhanced watermark comprises several stripes.

5. The paper of claim 4, wherein the stripes are straight.

6. The paper of claim 5, wherein the stripes are wavy.

7. Paper according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that the stripes of the corner-enhancing watermark extend substantially at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the sides of the paper.

8. Paper according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that the stripes of the edge-enhanced watermark are substantially parallel to the sides of the paper.

9. The paper according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that the thickness of the stripes is 1-2.5 mm.

10. The paper according to claim 9, characterized in that the stripes have a thickness of 1.5mm-2mm.

11. Paper as claimed in claims 1 and 2 having corner and edge enhanced watermarks.

12. A paper as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enhanced watermark is joined by a watermark pattern.

13. A paper as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intaglio printing creases are arranged such that the enhanced watermark is superimposed in a similar pattern.

14. A paper having at least three corners and three sides joined at said corners, wherein a corner reinforcing embossment is provided at each of said corners.

15. Paper as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that the embossments are provided by intaglio printing.

16. The paper of claim 15, wherein the intaglio printing is inkless.

17. A paper according to any one of claims 14-16, wherein the corner enhancing embossing fills the area bounded by a length of at least 10 mm on each adjoining side of each corner.

18. Paper according to any one of claims 14-17, characterized in that the entire area of each corner of the paper is filled with reinforcing embossing.

19. The paper according to any one of claims 14-18, wherein the embossments comprise several stripes, each stripe having a width of 0.5-3 mm, and these stripes are separated by gaps, the width of which is 0.5 mm. -3mm.

20. Paper as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that the strips of embossing are substantially parallel to each other.

21. A paper as claimed in claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the strips of embossing are substantially straight.

22. A paper according to any one of claims 19-21, characterized in that the strips of embossing are at an angle of 70° to 110° with respect to a corner crease line which is arranged at 45° relative to an edge. Spend.

23. The paper of claim 22, wherein the stripes of embossing are at an angle of approximately 90 degrees relative to a corner crease line disposed at 45 degrees relative to an edge.

24. The paper according to any one of claims 14-22, characterized in that the corner embossing is combined with a watermark pattern.

25. A paper, which has the corner reinforced embossing according to any one of claims 14-24 in combination with the reinforced watermark according to any one of claims 1-12.

26. The paper of claim 25, wherein the corner reinforcing embossing has substantially the same pattern as that of the reinforcing watermark.