CN1588767A - Permanent magnet compensation type pulse AC generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The permanent magnet compensation type pulse alternator belongs to the electric motor, which aims at the shortcomings of the current compensation type pulse alternator, increases reliability, improves efficiency, reduces volume, and reduces electromagnetic interference. The stator of the present invention is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets, and the inside is a circular cavity. The armature coil is fixed on the inner surface of the stator and connected through the terminal part protruding from the outside of the stator core; the rotor is placed inside the stator and driven to rotate by the prime mover. The rotor body is made of ferromagnetic materials; the permanent magnets are made of rare earth permanent magnet materials, and are arranged on the outer surface of the rotor body at close intervals; the magnetic isolation material is placed between the permanent magnets; the shielding sleeve is placed outside the permanent magnets and the magnetic isolation material to fix the permanent magnets and magnetic isolation materials; since the permanent magnet is used as the excitation source, the excitation circuit is omitted, which effectively avoids problems such as brush ablation and electromagnetic field interference caused by the brush slip ring, and at the same time improves the working efficiency of the system, reduces complexity, and It is possible to further increase the operating speed of the generator.

Description

Permanent magnet compensation pulse alternator

technical field

The invention belongs to a motor, in particular to a compensating pulse alternator.

Background technique

In the existing compensating pulse alternator, the magnetic field used for excitation is generally generated by applying current excitation, and the excitation source can be externally applied or generated by armature current. However, due to the rotation of the rotor, whether a rotating armature or a rotating excitation field is used, there is an electrical connection problem between the rotating part and the stationary part. Especially the greater the power, the more difficult its electrical connection problems. According to "Electrical Engineering" (1987) written by Wang Guoliang, the current commonly used connection scheme is mainly the cooperation of slip rings and brushes, which brings many problems: 1) Wear and ablation of brushes. 2) The contact performance of brushes and slip rings increases due to the decrease in elasticity. 3) The current passes through the brush and the armature to generate electric sparks, which brings electromagnetic field interference problems. 4) reduce the working efficiency of complete machine. 5) The further improvement of the working speed of the generator is limited. In addition, for a motor that works in a separate excitation mode, a set of excitation power supply device is required, which increases the complexity and size of the system.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the shortcomings of the current compensation pulse alternator, the present invention provides a permanent magnet compensation pulse alternator, so as to solve various problems caused by slip rings and brushes, so as to increase reliability and improve the working efficiency of the whole machine. The purpose of reducing the volume of the system while reducing electromagnetic interference.

A permanent magnet compensation type pulse alternator proposed by the present invention includes a stator, a set of armature coils fixed on the stator for generating and extracting current, a rotor and bearings for supporting the rotation of the rotor. Features are:

(1) The stator described above is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets, and the inside is a circular cavity for placing the rotor. The working part of the armature coil conductor is fixed on the inner surface of the stator, and passes through the terminal part protruding from the outside of the stator core. connect;

(2) The rotor is composed of a rotor body, a rotating shaft, a shielding cylinder, a permanent magnet and a non-conductive magnetic isolation material. The rotor body is made of a ferromagnetic material and is closely combined with the rotating shaft; The rare earth permanent magnet materials are closely spaced on the outer surface of the rotor body; the magnetic isolation material is placed between the permanent magnets; the shielding sleeve is placed outside the permanent magnet and the magnetic isolation material, and at the same time it serves the purpose of fixing the permanent magnet and the magnetic isolation material ; The rotor is placed inside the stator, its position is fixed by the bearing, and it is driven to rotate by the prime mover.

The above-mentioned permanent magnet compensation type pulse alternator is further characterized in that the armature coil conductors are connected through the terminal part protruding from the outside of the stator core; according to their arrangement and connection mode inside the stator, the armature coil windings, It can be composed of single-phase, two-phase or multi-phase forms, and each phase potential has different voltage phases according to its position.

In the above-mentioned permanent magnet compensation pulse alternator, the cross-section of the permanent magnet can be fan-shaped; the cross-section of the magnetic isolation material can also be fan-shaped, and it is placed between the permanent magnets; the shielding tube has good conductivity The material is processed into a cylindrical shape.

The external shape of the stator can be varied to suit different occasions and installation needs. The working part of the armature coil conductor is pasted on the inner surface of the stator with a high-strength adhesive, and connected through the terminal part protruding from the outside of the stator core. There are many ways of connection. The working principle of this device is as follows:

The magnetic excitation is provided by the permanent magnet, and the path of the magnetic field generated by it is permanent magnet 1-shielding cylinder-air gap-armature winding-stator core-armature winding-air gap-shielding cylinder-permanent magnet 2-rotor core-permanent magnet1. The reason why the armature winding is pasted directly on the inner surface of the stator instead of being placed in the slot like a general motor is mainly to overcome the saturation of the tooth magnetic circuit that may be caused by the cogging and the leakage inductance of the armature winding caused by the cogging. increase. When the rotor is driven by the prime mover to rotate at a high speed, the armature winding generates a cutting potential due to the magnetic field following the rotor rotation, thereby generating a voltage at the lead-out end of the armature winding. Since the magnetic field is rotating, an alternating voltage is generated at the terminal of the armature winding. When the output power of the pulse generator is required, the purpose of outputting power to the load can be achieved by using an external switch to connect the armature winding to the load. The function of the shielding cylinder in the device is that when the pulse generator discharges to the load, due to the eddy current effect of the shielding cylinder, the armature reaction generated by the armature winding will not enter the rotor, thereby greatly reducing the equivalent inductance of the armature winding and improving The ability of the pulse generator to output power.

Since the permanent magnet is used as the excitation source of the magnetic field, the excitation circuit of the general compensation pulse generator is omitted, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as brush ablation and electromagnetic field interference caused by the brush slip ring. At the same time, the working efficiency of the generator system is improved, and because the excitation device is omitted, the complexity of the system is reduced, and it is possible to further increase the working speed of the generator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a partial schematic view of the stator of the present invention, Fig. 1a is a sectional view of the stator structure, and Fig. 1b is a side view of the stator structure.

Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the rotor of the present invention, Fig. 2a is a cross-sectional view of the rotor structure, and Fig. 2b is a side view of the rotor structure.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the armature winding wiring.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment one:

The stator shown in Figure 1 and the rotor shown in Figure 2 constitute a permanent magnet compensation pulse alternator. Shown in the figure is a concrete four-pole pulsed alternator. A four-pole motor can be seen as a simple repetition of a basic two-stage motor, with identical potential waveforms under each pair of pole faces. Fig. 1a is a sectional view of the stator structure, and Fig. 1b is a side view of the stator structure. The armature winding 1 installed on the stator in the figure is pasted on the inner surface of the stator with high-strength glue. The stator body 2 is composed of laminated silicon steel sheets. Fig. 2a is a cross-sectional view of the rotor structure, and Fig. 2b is a side view of the rotor structure. The rotor in the figure is composed of a rotating shaft 4 , a rotor body 5 , a permanent magnet 7 , a magnetic isolation material 6 and a shielding cylinder 3 . The installed permanent magnet 7 is a rare earth permanent magnet (NdFeB), which has the characteristics of high residual magnetic induction, high coercive force and high magnetic energy product. Its cross section is processed into a fan shape, and the overall shape forms a tile shape and is closely arranged. On the surface of the rotor main body 5, four magnetic poles are formed. The magnetic isolation material 6 is made of aluminum and fixed on the rotor body.

In this embodiment, the armature winding adopts a two-phase winding, and the two phases are orthogonal to each other in spatial positions. The connection diagram of the armature winding is shown in Figure 3. In the figure, a1 is a set of windings of phase a, and a2 is another set of windings of the same phase. b1 is a set of windings of phase b which is orthogonal to phase a, and similarly b2 is another set of windings of phase b. The two sets of windings of phase a and phase b can be used in parallel or in series according to the needs of the load in the external connection. Each straight line in the figure represents 8 turns of the conductor. The number of conductors per pole and phase of the motor is 16. That is, there are 16 coils under each pole face. The path of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic excitation provided by the permanent magnet is the permanent magnet 1-shielding cylinder-air gap-armature winding-stator core-armature winding-air gap-shielding cylinder-permanent magnet 2-rotor in Figure 2 Iron core - permanent magnet 1. The path of the magnetic field under the other pair of pole faces is exactly the same. When the rotor rotates, the permanent magnet rotates accordingly, generating an induced potential in the armature winding, and the potential of the 16-turn coil is connected in series and then drawn out at the port. A total of four sets of voltages are drawn from the ports, and the phase difference of the voltages of different phases is 90 degrees. According to the general theory of AC motor windings, the effective value of induced potential is E=4.44fwφk. Among them, f is the frequency of the induced potential, and there is f=np/60 (p: the number of pole pairs of the motor, n: the speed of the motor), and w is the number of turns in series for each phase. φ is the magnetic flux per pole. k is the winding factor. The coils with the same phase on different polar faces can be connected in series or in parallel, depending on the working conditions of the load.

When the motor speed reaches a certain value, the output potential of the armature winding reaches a predetermined value. At this time, the power and current waveform required by the generator output can be controlled through the external discharge circuit and control circuit.

It should be noted that there may be some deformations in the structure and working mode of the compensation motor described in the present invention. For example, according to the processing technology requirements, the windings are connected in different ways; the magnetic isolation materials are used differently, and so on. All these obvious modifications should be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention and the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment two:

The structure of the stator is completely consistent with the first embodiment. The difference is that the armature winding ends are connected concentrically. The connection method is simple and no drawing is required. Of course, the windings can also be connected in the form of overlapping windings. The rotor structure is also consistent with the first embodiment, except that the magnetic isolation material is replaced with epoxy resin.

Claims (3)

1. permanent-magnet compensation formula Pulsed Alternator comprises a stator, a cover and is fixed on and is used on the stator to produce and armature coil, a rotor of projected current and be used for the bearing of support rotor rotation usefulness, it is characterized in that:

(1) described stator is formed by stacking by silicon steel sheet, and inside is circular cavity, is used for placing rotor, and the working portion of armature coil conductor is fixed on stator inner surface, connects by the termination portion of stretching out the stator core outside;

(2) described rotor is made of rotor body, rotating shaft, shielding cylinder, permanent magnet and non-magnetic NULL, and rotor body is made of ferromagnetic material, and combines closely with rotating shaft; Permanent magnet adopts the rare earth permanent-magnetic material of high-coercive force, and tight spacing is arranged in the outer surface of rotor body; NULL is positioned between the permanent magnet; Shielding cylinder is enclosed within permanent magnet and NULL outside, plays the purpose of fixed permanent magnet and NULL simultaneously; Rotor is placed on stator interior, by the bearing fixing position, by prime mover driven rotary.

2. permanent-magnet compensation formula Pulsed Alternator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that armature coil conductor connects by the termination portion of stretching out the stator core outside; According to its arrangement and connected mode in stator interior, described armature coil winding constitutes single-phase, two-phase or heterogeneous form, and every phase electromotive force has different voltage-phases according to its position.

3. permanent-magnet compensation formula Pulsed Alternator as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described permanent magnet cross section is fan-shaped; Described NULL, cross section also are fan-shaped, are positioned between the permanent magnet; Described shielding cylinder is processed into cylindrical shape by good conductive material.

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