[background technology]
Lithium secondary battery has been widely used in the consumption electronic products such as mobile phone, notebook computer because it has good characteristics such as high-energy-density, high electromotive force and low self-discharge.
Lithium secondary battery of the present invention comprises lithium ion battery and high-polymer lithium battery.Lithium ion battery be with material with carbon elements such as Delanium or native graphites as negative pole, with metal oxides such as lithium cobalt, lithium nickel, lithium manganese as positive electrode, with the secondary cell of anhydrous organic solvent as electrolyte.High-polymer lithium battery comprises two classes, and a class is that electrode is the lithium ion battery of macromolecular material, and another kind of is that electrolyte is the lithium ion battery of solid-state or colloidal state polymer.
Lithium secondary battery all adopts organic solvent or organic polymer as electrolyte, require inside battery moisture-free, because lithium ion battery voltage is up to 3~4V, and the decomposition voltage of water is 1.23V, if inside battery contains moisture content, discharge and recharge moisture content decomposition down at high voltage, can cause degradation of cell performance, reduce the useful life of lithium secondary battery.
Therefore, need strict control relative air humidity less than 0.04% (being Dew point=-56 ℃) in the battery processing procedure.But the control relative air humidity needs expensive less than 0.04%, and still can't avoid residual a certain amount of hydrone in the preparation process.In addition, lithium secondary battery also can't be avoided the hydrone impervious after long-term the use, causes the battery functi on forfeiture.
[summary of the invention]
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of inside battery hydrone that prevents and make the positive pole of lithium secondary battery performance degradation.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of lithium secondary battery that contains above-mentioned positive pole.
The invention provides a kind of cathode plate for lithium secondary battery, this positive pole comprises positive electrode active materials and is scattered in water absorbing agent in the positive electrode active materials, and positive electrode active materials comprises the composite oxides of lithium such as lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium and cobalt oxides and transition metal; Water absorbing agent comprises lithiumation molecular sieve, activated carbon, activated alumina, silica gel, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate etc., has dew point to be lower than-56 ℃ strong absorptive, and particle size range is 2 nanometers to 10 micron.
The present invention also provides a kind of lithium secondary battery that contains above-mentioned positive pole.
Compared with prior art, positive pole provided by the invention has the following advantages: water absorbing agent makes an addition in the positive electrode active materials, can adsorb the residual or moisture content that infiltrates when using in the lithium secondary battery processing procedure fully, reduce the cell preparation cost, prevent that lithium ion battery is poisoned in the battery use, thereby prolong the useful life of lithium secondary battery.
[embodiment]
As shown in Figure 1, cathode plate for lithium secondary battery 10 of the present invention comprises collector body 101, positive electrode active materials 102, is scattered in water absorbing agent 103 and binding agent (figure does not indicate) in the positive electrode active materials, positive electrode active materials 102 forms one with water absorbing agent 1 03 by binding agent, is coated on the surface of collector body 101.Wherein water absorbing agent 103 comprises lithiumation molecular sieve, activated carbon, activated alumina, silica gel, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate etc., has dew point to be lower than-56 ℃ strong absorptive, and particle size range is 2 nanometers to 10 micron; Positive electrode active materials 102 comprises the composite oxides of lithiums such as lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium and cobalt oxides and transition metal; Collector body 101 is metal base or carbon-point, has excellent conductive performance; Binding agent generally uses polytetrafluoroethylene, Kynoar, polyacrylonitrile, poly(ethylene oxide), ethylene-propylene rubber etc.
The preparation method of cathode plate for lithium secondary battery of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Positive electrode active materials 102 powders, water absorbing agent 103 and binding agent are mixed, and the suitable dispersant (as the N-methyl pyrrolidone) of using the solubilized binding agent is coated on collector body 101 surfaces with after its dispersion, the pulp with slurries, dry getting final product.
As shown in Figure 2, lithium secondary battery 20 of the present invention comprises a housing (figure indicates) and places housing interior negative pole 11, electrolyte 12, barrier film 13 and provided by the present invention anodal 10.
The negative pole 11 of lithium ion battery and high-polymer lithium battery mainly comprises collector body and is formed at the active material on collector body surface, as material with carbon element, comprise graphite, carbon dust, carbon fiber or carbon nano-tube, in addition, some transition metal or its oxide also can be selected for use, as tin and oxide thereof.
Electrolyte 12 is the general organic electrolyte solution of lithium ion battery, can be added one or more solvable lithium salts by the mixed solvent that a kind of organic solvent or several organic solvent are formed and form.Organic solvent is propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, 1 for example, 2-dimethoxy-ethane etc., typical solvable lithium salts such as lithium perchlorate, LiBF4, lithium hexafluoro phosphate, trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium, hexafluoroarsenate lithium etc.
For high-polymer lithium battery, electrolyte 12 is polymer dielectric, as contains polyethylene oxygen alkane, polypropylene oxygen alkane, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, Kynoar of lithium salts such as lithium perchlorate, LiBF4, lithium hexafluoro phosphate, trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium, hexafluoroarsenate lithium etc.
Battery isolating film 13 as inorganic paper, adhesive-bonded fabric, high molecular polymer perforated membrane etc., comprises monofilm and multilayer film for the lithium secondary battery barrier film that prior art adopted.
Battery container comprises metal, alloy, plastics or its combination.
Lithium secondary battery of the present invention can have Any shape, as cylindric, prism-shaped, sheet or button-type.
The preparation of lithium secondary battery of the present invention can be adopted the known method for preparing lithium secondary battery of any public.Particularly, a kind of method commonly used is included in positive pole 10 and the negative pole of placing in the housing (figure indicate) by barrier film 13 couplings 11, subsequently toward wherein injecting electrolyte and with its sealing.The electrolytical method of preferred vacuum injection conduct injection, but it is not particularly limited.Also the electrode 10,11 of coupling can be flooded with electrolyte solution before in placing housing.
Compared with prior art, positive electrode provided by the invention has the following advantages: water absorbing agent makes an addition in the positive electrode active materials, can adsorb the residual or moisture content that infiltrates when using in the lithium secondary battery processing procedure fully, reduce the cell preparation cost, prevent that lithium ion battery is poisoned in the battery use, thereby prolong the useful life of lithium secondary battery.