CN1567584A - Semiconductor package with conductive bumps implanted on chip and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents
Semiconductor package with conductive bumps implanted on chip and method for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
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技术领域technical field
本发明是关于一种半导体封装件及其制法,特别是关于一种不需要芯片承载件的半导体封装件,以及制造该半导体封装件的方法。The present invention relates to a semiconductor package and its manufacturing method, in particular to a semiconductor package that does not require a chip carrier, and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor package.
背景技术Background technique
半导体封装件是一种承载至少一集成电路组件例如半导体芯片、且通常利用封装树脂包覆并保护芯片的结构。半导体封装件的尺寸往往较为轻薄短小,因而开发出一种芯片级封装件(chip scale package,CSP),其特征在于这种CSP结构仅具有与芯片尺寸相等或略大的尺寸。A semiconductor package is a structure carrying at least one integrated circuit component such as a semiconductor chip, and the chip is usually covered and protected with an encapsulation resin. The size of the semiconductor package is often relatively light, thin and short, so a chip scale package (chip scale package, CSP) has been developed, which is characterized in that the CSP structure only has a size equal to or slightly larger than the chip size.
美国专利第5,892,179、6,103,552、6,287,893、6,350,668及6,433,427号案即是一种传统的CSP结构,是直接在芯片上形成增层(build-uplayers),无需使用芯片承载件例如基板或导线架等,且利用重布线(RDL,redistribution layer)技术将芯片上的焊垫重新配至需要的位置。如图5所示,这种CSP结构具有多个形成于芯片10的作用表面(activesurface)100上的增层,包括:一介电层(dielectric layer)11,敷设于芯片10的作用表面100上并开设有多条贯孔110,使芯片10上的焊垫101借该贯孔110外露;以及多条导电迹线12,形成于该介电层11上并电性连接至芯片10上外露的焊垫101。该导电迹线12上可敷设一拒焊剂层(solder mask layer)13,并借多个贯穿该拒焊剂层13的开孔130,使导电迹线12的预定部分外露与焊球14焊连,该焊球14是作为与外界装置(图未标)电性连接的输入/输出(input/output,I/O)端。因此,利用导电迹线12使与之连接的焊垫101重新配至与焊球14相接的位置,使焊垫101借导电迹线12与焊球14成电性连接关系。换言之,当芯片上的焊垫布设于周边(peripheral)部位或呈不等距(uneven pitch)排列时,能够利用重布线技术使该周边或不等距排列的焊垫,借导电迹线重新配至预定用以接置焊球且呈数组式(array)排列的位置,使后续形成于该预定位置上的呈数组排列的焊球(即所谓″球栅阵列″)借导电迹线与焊垫电性连接。U.S. Patent Nos. 5,892,179, 6,103,552, 6,287,893, 6,350,668, and 6,433,427 are traditional CSP structures that directly form build-uplayers on chips without using chip carriers such as substrates or lead frames, and Use redistribution layer (RDL, redistribution layer) technology to redistribute the pads on the chip to the required position. As shown in Figure 5, this CSP structure has a plurality of build-up layers formed on the active surface (active surface) 100 of the chip 10, including: a dielectric layer (dielectric layer) 11, laid on the active surface 100 of the chip 10 And set a plurality of through holes 110, so that the pads 101 on the chip 10 are exposed through the through holes 110; and a plurality of conductive traces 12, formed on the dielectric layer 11 and electrically connected to the exposed on the chip 10 pad 101 . A solder mask layer (solder mask layer) 13 can be laid on the conductive trace 12, and a predetermined portion of the conductive trace 12 is exposed and soldered to the solder ball 14 by a plurality of openings 130 penetrating through the solder mask layer 13, The solder ball 14 serves as an input/output (I/O) terminal electrically connected to an external device (not shown). Therefore, the solder pad 101 connected thereto is redistributed to a position in contact with the solder ball 14 by using the conductive trace 12 , so that the solder pad 101 is electrically connected to the solder ball 14 through the conductive trace 12 . In other words, when the pads on the chip are arranged at the peripheral or arranged at uneven pitches, redistribution technology can be used to redistribute the pads at the periphery or at uneven pitches by means of conductive traces. Arranged in an array to a predetermined position for placing solder balls, so that the solder balls (the so-called "ball grid array") that are subsequently formed on the predetermined position are arranged in an array by conductive traces and pads. electrical connection.
然而上述CSP结构的缺点在于,重布线技术的施用或布设于芯片上的导电迹线,往往受限于芯片的尺寸或其作用表面的面积大小,尤其当芯片的集成度提升且芯片尺寸日趋缩小的情况下,芯片甚至无法提供足够或更多的表面区域,以安置较多或更多数量的焊球,供有效地与外界电性连接之用。However, the disadvantage of the above-mentioned CSP structure is that the application of rewiring technology or the conductive traces laid on the chip is often limited by the size of the chip or the area of the active surface, especially when the integration level of the chip is increased and the chip size is shrinking day by day. In some cases, the chip cannot even provide enough or more surface area to place a larger or larger number of solder balls for effective electrical connection with the outside world.
有鉴于此,美国专利第6,271,469号案的另一种在芯片上形成增层的封装结构,能够提供较为充足或较多的表面区域以承载较多或更多的输入/输出端或焊球。如图6所示,这种封装结构利用一封装胶体15遮覆住芯片10的非作用表面102及侧面103,使芯片10的作用表面100外露且与封装胶体15的表面150齐平。然后,敷设一第一介电层16于芯片10的作用表面100及封装胶体15的表面150上,并利用激光钻孔(laser drilling)技术开设多个贯穿该第一介电层16的贯孔160,借以露出芯片10上的焊垫101。接着,形成多条导电迹线12(下称″第一导电迹线″)于该第一介电层16,并使第一导电迹线12与外露的焊垫101电性连接。而后,于该第一导电迹线12上敷设一第二介电层17,并开设多个贯穿第二介电层17的贯孔170,以借该贯孔露出第一导电迹线12的预定部分,再于该第二介电层17上形成多条第二导电迹线18,使第二导电迹线18与第一导电迹线12的外露部分电性连接。最后,在第二导电迹线18上敷设拒焊剂层13,使第二导电迹线18的预定部分借拒焊剂层13的开孔130外露而与焊球14焊连。因此,用以包覆芯片10的封装胶体15的表面150,能够提供比芯片10作用表面100大的表面区域,因而能安置较多焊球14以有效与外界电性连接。In view of this, another package structure of US Pat. No. 6,271,469 forms a build-up layer on a chip, which can provide sufficient or more surface area to carry more or more input/output terminals or solder balls. As shown in FIG. 6 , this packaging structure utilizes an encapsulant 15 to cover the non-active surface 102 and the side surface 103 of the chip 10 , so that the active surface 100 of the chip 10 is exposed and flush with the surface 150 of the encapsulant 15 . Then, lay a first dielectric layer 16 on the active surface 100 of the chip 10 and the surface 150 of the encapsulant 15, and use laser drilling (laser drilling) technology to open a plurality of through holes penetrating the first dielectric layer 16 160 , so as to expose the pads 101 on the chip 10 . Next, a plurality of conductive traces 12 (hereinafter referred to as “first conductive traces”) are formed on the first dielectric layer 16 , and the first conductive traces 12 are electrically connected to the exposed pads 101 . Then, a second dielectric layer 17 is laid on the first conductive trace 12, and a plurality of through holes 170 penetrating through the second dielectric layer 17 are opened, so as to expose the predetermined portion of the first conductive trace 12 through the through holes. part, and then form a plurality of second conductive traces 18 on the second dielectric layer 17, so that the second conductive traces 18 are electrically connected to the exposed parts of the first conductive traces 12. Finally, the solder repellent layer 13 is laid on the second conductive trace 18 , so that a predetermined portion of the second conductive trace 18 is exposed through the opening 130 of the solder repellent layer 13 and soldered to the solder ball 14 . Therefore, the surface 150 of the encapsulant 15 covering the chip 10 can provide a larger surface area than the active surface 100 of the chip 10 , so that more solder balls 14 can be placed for effective electrical connection with the outside.
然而,上述封装结构的缺点在于,当使用激光钻孔技术开设贯穿第一介电层的贯孔,露出芯片上的焊垫时,芯片上的焊垫被第一介电层遮覆,使激光通常难以准确地辨认出焊垫的位置,因而无法使开设的贯孔精确地对应至焊垫的位置;由于芯片上的焊垫无法完全露出,故难以确保导电迹线与焊垫间的电性连接品质,使制成品的优良率及可靠性受损。同时,在芯片及封装胶体上敷设第一介电层并利用激光钻孔技术开设贯孔会增加成本及工序的复杂性,且该第一介电层与芯片及封装胶体具有不同的热膨胀系数(CTE,coefficient of thermalexpansion),故在高温环境或热循环(thermal cycle)下,第一介电层与芯片及封装胶体会产生不同的热应力(thermal stress),使其间的界面(interface)发生分层(delamination),从而降低制成品的品质及可靠性。However, the disadvantage of the above packaging structure is that when using laser drilling technology to open through holes through the first dielectric layer to expose the pads on the chip, the pads on the chip are covered by the first dielectric layer, so that the laser It is usually difficult to accurately identify the position of the pad, so that the opened through hole cannot be accurately matched to the position of the pad; since the pad on the chip cannot be fully exposed, it is difficult to ensure the electrical properties between the conductive trace and the pad The quality of the connection will damage the quality and reliability of the finished product. At the same time, laying the first dielectric layer on the chip and the packaging colloid and using laser drilling technology to open through holes will increase the cost and complexity of the process, and the first dielectric layer and the chip and the packaging colloid have different coefficients of thermal expansion ( CTE, coefficient of thermal expansion), so in a high temperature environment or thermal cycle (thermal cycle), the first dielectric layer and the chip and packaging colloid will produce different thermal stress (thermal stress), so that the interface (interface) between them. layer (delamination), thereby reducing the quality and reliability of finished products.
因此,如何提供一种半导体封装件,能确保导电迹线与焊垫间的电性连接品质并提升制成品的优良率及可靠性,实为一重要课题。Therefore, how to provide a semiconductor package that can ensure the quality of the electrical connection between the conductive trace and the pad and improve the yield and reliability of the finished product is an important issue.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服上述现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种在芯片上植设导电凸块的半导体封装件及其制法,该制法是在芯片的焊垫上形成多个导电凸块(conductive bump)以突显出焊垫的位置,从而能确保导电迹线与焊垫间的电性连接品质,改善制成品的优良率及可靠性(reliability)。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor package with conductive bumps planted on the chip and a method for making the same. The method of manufacture is to form a plurality of conductive bumps ( conductive bump) to highlight the position of the pad, so as to ensure the electrical connection quality between the conductive trace and the pad, and improve the yield and reliability of the finished product.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种在芯片上植设有导电凸块的半导体封装件及其制法,它无需在芯片上敷设介电层及利用激光技术开设贯穿介电层的贯孔,以借该贯孔露出芯片上的焊垫,故能降低成本及简化工序。Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor package with conductive bumps planted on the chip and its manufacturing method. It does not need to lay a dielectric layer on the chip and use laser technology to open through holes through the dielectric layer. The pad on the chip is exposed through the through hole, so the cost can be reduced and the process can be simplified.
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种在芯片上植设导电凸块的半导体封装件及其制法,它无需在芯片上及用以包覆芯片的封装胶体上敷设介电层,故能够避免介电层与芯片及封装胶体之间因热膨胀系数(CTE,coefficient of thermal expansion)不同而产生分层(delamination)。Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor package with conductive bumps planted on the chip and its manufacturing method. Delamination occurs between the dielectric layer and the chip and encapsulant due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE, coefficient of thermal expansion).
为达成上述及其它目的,本发明的一种在芯片上植设导电凸块的半导体封装件包括:至少一芯片,具有一作用表面及一相对的非作用表面,并在该作用表面上形成有多个焊垫,且该非作用表面外露出该封装胶体;多个导电凸块,分别形成于该芯片的焊垫上,且该导电凸块选自焊锡凸块、高铅含量焊锡凸块、金质焊块、及金质栓块所组成的组群;一封装胶体,用以包覆该芯片及导电凸块,并使该导电凸块的端部外露出该封装胶体且与该封装胶体的一表面齐平;多条第一导电迹线,形成于该封装胶体的表面上并电性连接至该导电凸块的外露端部;一拒焊剂层,敷设于该第一导电迹线上并开设有多个开孔,使该第一导电迹线的预定部分借该开孔外露;以及多个焊球,分别形成于该第一导电迹线的外露部分上。In order to achieve the above and other objects, a semiconductor package for implanting conductive bumps on a chip of the present invention includes: at least one chip having an active surface and an opposite non-active surface, and formed on the active surface A plurality of pads, and the non-active surface exposes the encapsulation gel; a plurality of conductive bumps are respectively formed on the pads of the chip, and the conductive bumps are selected from solder bumps, high-lead content solder bumps, gold A group consisting of solder bumps and gold plugs; an encapsulation compound, used to cover the chip and the conductive bump, and make the end of the conductive bump exposed to the encapsulation compound and a surface of the encapsulation compound flush; a plurality of first conductive traces, formed on the surface of the encapsulant and electrically connected to the exposed end of the conductive bump; a solder repellent layer, laid on the first conductive traces and provided with A plurality of openings expose predetermined portions of the first conductive trace through the openings; and a plurality of solder balls are respectively formed on the exposed portions of the first conductive trace.
上述半导体封装件还包括:至少一介电层及多条形成于该介电层上的第二导电迹线,该介电层及第二导电迹线夹设在该第一导电迹线与拒焊剂层之间,使该介电层敷设于该第一导电迹线上并开设有多条贯孔,使该第一导电迹线的预定部分借该贯孔外露,从而与该第二导电迹线电性连接,并使该拒焊剂层敷设于该第二导电迹线上,并借其开孔外露出该第二导电迹线的预定部分,使该多个焊球分别形成于该第二导电迹线的外露部分上。The above-mentioned semiconductor package further includes: at least one dielectric layer and a plurality of second conductive traces formed on the dielectric layer, the dielectric layer and the second conductive traces are sandwiched between the first conductive trace and the rejecting Between the solder layers, the dielectric layer is laid on the first conductive trace and a plurality of through holes are opened, so that the predetermined part of the first conductive trace is exposed through the through holes, so as to be connected with the second conductive trace Wires are electrically connected, and the solder repellent layer is laid on the second conductive trace, and a predetermined part of the second conductive trace is exposed through its opening, so that the plurality of solder balls are respectively formed on the second conductive trace. on exposed portions of conductive traces.
上述半导体封装件的制法包括下列步骤:制备一晶圆,由多个芯片构成,各该芯片具有一作用表面及一相对的非作用表面,并于该作用表面上形成有多个焊垫;分别形成多个导电凸块于各该芯片的焊垫上;切割该晶圆以形成多个单离的芯片,各该芯片具有多个导电凸块,其中,该导电凸块是选自焊锡凸块、高铅含量焊锡凸块、金质焊块、及金质栓块所组成的组群;提供一载具,用以承载该多个芯片,并使各该芯片借其导电凸块接置于该载具的一表面上,其中,该载具是一胶片;形成一封装胶体于该载具的表面上,用以包覆该多个芯片与导电凸块;进行一研磨步骤以研磨该封装胶体与导电凸块端部齐平的表面,并磨除遮覆住该芯片的非作用表面的封装胶体部分,外露出该芯片的非作用表面。移除该载具,使该导电凸块的端部外露出该封装胶体且与该封装胶体的一表面齐平;形成多条导电迹线于该封装胶体的表面上,并使该导电迹线电性连接至该导电凸块的外露端部;敷设一拒焊剂层于该导电迹线上,并开设多个贯穿该拒焊剂层的开孔,使该导电迹线的预定部分借该开孔外露;分别形成多个焊球于该导电迹线的外露部分上;以及切割该封装胶体,形成多个具有单离的芯片的半导体封装件。The manufacturing method of the above-mentioned semiconductor package includes the following steps: preparing a wafer, which is composed of a plurality of chips, each chip has an active surface and an opposite non-active surface, and a plurality of welding pads are formed on the active surface; forming a plurality of conductive bumps on the bonding pads of each of the chips; cutting the wafer to form a plurality of isolated chips, each of which has a plurality of conductive bumps, wherein the conductive bumps are selected from solder bumps , a group consisting of high lead content solder bumps, gold solder bumps, and gold plugs; a carrier is provided to carry the plurality of chips, and each of the chips is connected to the carrier by its conductive bumps On a surface of a tool, wherein, the carrier is a film; forming an encapsulant on the surface of the carrier to cover the plurality of chips and conductive bumps; performing a grinding step to grind the encapsulant and the conductive bump The end of the conductive bump is flush with the surface, and the part of the encapsulant that covers the non-active surface of the chip is ground away to expose the non-active surface of the chip. removing the carrier, exposing the end of the conductive bump to the encapsulant and being flush with a surface of the encapsulant; forming a plurality of conductive traces on the surface of the encapsulant, and making the conductive traces Electrically connected to the exposed end of the conductive bump; laying a solder repellant layer on the conductive trace, and opening a plurality of openings through the solder repellent layer, so that the predetermined part of the conductive trace passes through the opening exposing; respectively forming a plurality of solder balls on the exposed parts of the conductive traces; and cutting the encapsulant to form a plurality of semiconductor packages with isolated chips.
本发明的半导体封装件的制法还可通过下列步骤完成:制备一晶圆,由多个芯片构成,各该芯片具有一作用表面及一相对的非作用表面,并于该作用表面上形成有多个焊垫;分别形成多个导电凸块于各该芯片的焊垫上;切割该晶圆以形成多个单离的芯片,各该芯片具有多个导电凸块,其中该导电凸块是选自焊锡凸块、高铅含量焊锡凸块、金质焊块、及金质栓块所组成的组群;提供一载具,用以承载该多个芯片,并使各该芯片借其导电凸块接置于该载具的一表面上,其中,该载具是一胶片;形成一封装胶体于该载具的表面上,用以包覆该多个芯片与导电凸块;进行一研磨步骤以研磨该封装胶体与导电凸块端部齐平的表面;移除该载具,使该导电凸块的端部外露出该封装胶体且与该封装胶体的一表面齐平;形成多条第一导电迹线于该封装胶体的表面上,并使该第一导电迹线电性连接至该导电凸块的外露端部;敷设至少一介电层于该第一导电迹线上,并开设多个贯穿该介电层的贯孔,使该第一导电迹线的预定部分借该贯孔外露;形成多条第二导电迹线于该介电层上,并使该第二导电迹线电性连接至该第一导电迹线的外露部分;敷设一拒焊剂层于该第二导电迹线上,并开设多个贯穿该拒焊剂层的开孔,使该第二导电迹线的预定部分借该开孔外露;分别形成多个焊球于该第二导电迹线的外露部分上;以及切割该封装胶体,以形成多条具有单离的芯片的半导体封装件。The manufacturing method of the semiconductor package of the present invention can also be completed by the following steps: prepare a wafer, which is composed of a plurality of chips, each of which has an active surface and an opposite non-active surface, and forms a wafer on the active surface. A plurality of bonding pads; respectively forming a plurality of conductive bumps on the bonding pads of each of the chips; cutting the wafer to form a plurality of isolated chips, each of which has a plurality of conductive bumps, wherein the conductive bumps are selected A group consisting of self-solder bumps, high-lead content solder bumps, gold solder bumps, and gold plugs; a carrier is provided to carry the plurality of chips, and each of the chips is connected by its conductive bumps placing on a surface of the carrier, wherein the carrier is a film; forming an encapsulant on the surface of the carrier to cover the plurality of chips and conductive bumps; performing a grinding step to grind The packaging colloid is flush with the surface of the end of the conductive bump; the carrier is removed so that the end of the conductive bump exposes the packaging colloid and is flush with a surface of the packaging colloid; forming a plurality of first conductive strips A trace is placed on the surface of the encapsulant, and the first conductive trace is electrically connected to the exposed end of the conductive bump; at least one dielectric layer is laid on the first conductive trace, and a plurality of penetrating the through hole of the dielectric layer, exposing a predetermined part of the first conductive trace through the through hole; forming a plurality of second conductive traces on the dielectric layer, and making the second conductive trace electrically Connecting to the exposed part of the first conductive trace; laying a solder repellant layer on the second conductive trace, and opening a plurality of openings through the solder repellent layer, so that the predetermined part of the second conductive trace can be borrowed The opening is exposed; forming a plurality of solder balls on the exposed portion of the second conductive trace; and cutting the encapsulant to form a plurality of semiconductor packages with separate chips.
上述半导体封装件是先于芯片的焊垫上植设多个导电凸块,然后借一封装胶体包覆芯片并使导电凸块的端部外露出该封装胶体,使后续增层能够形成于该外露的端部上。The above-mentioned semiconductor package is first planted with a plurality of conductive bumps on the pads of the chip, and then wraps the chip with an encapsulant to expose the ends of the conductive bumps to the exposed encapsulant, so that subsequent build-up layers can be formed on the exposed on the end.
综上所述,这种结构的优点在于,导电凸块的外露端部能够突显出芯片上焊垫的位置,使其易于识别,使后续形成于封装胶体上的导电迹线能够借导电凸块良好地电性连接至焊垫,从而改善制成品的优良率及可靠性。现有技术是需要先在芯片及封装胶体上形成一介电层,再利用激光钻孔技术开设多个贯穿该介电层的贯孔,以借该贯孔露出芯片上的焊垫,因此,与现有技术比较,本发明的半导体封装件则无需使用介电层及激光钻孔技术,故能降低成本并简化工序,且芯片上的焊垫不会被介电层所遮覆,能避免因激光难以准确地识别出焊垫位置而无法使焊垫精确或完整地外露,从而影响焊垫与导电迹线间电性连接品质等问题,且无需在芯片及封装胶体上敷设介电层,还能克服现有技术中因介电层与芯片及封装胶体的热膨胀系数及产生的热应力不同,而易在其间的界面造成分层等缺点。To sum up, the advantage of this structure is that the exposed end of the conductive bump can highlight the position of the pad on the chip, making it easy to identify, so that the conductive traces formed on the encapsulant subsequently can pass through the conductive bump. Good electrical connection to the pads, thereby improving the yield and reliability of finished products. In the prior art, it is necessary to form a dielectric layer on the chip and the encapsulant first, and then use laser drilling technology to open a plurality of through holes through the dielectric layer, so as to expose the pads on the chip through the through holes. Therefore, Compared with the prior art, the semiconductor package of the present invention does not need to use dielectric layer and laser drilling technology, so the cost can be reduced and the process can be simplified, and the pads on the chip will not be covered by the dielectric layer, which can avoid Because it is difficult for the laser to accurately identify the position of the solder pad, the solder pad cannot be exposed accurately or completely, which affects the quality of the electrical connection between the solder pad and the conductive trace, and there is no need to lay a dielectric layer on the chip and the packaging compound. It can also overcome the disadvantages in the prior art that delamination is easily caused at the interface between the dielectric layer and the chip and the encapsulation colloid due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient and thermal stress generated therebetween.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的实施例1半导体封装件的剖视图;1 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor package according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2A至图2H是图1的半导体封装件的制造过程步骤示意图;2A to 2H are schematic diagrams of manufacturing process steps of the semiconductor package of FIG. 1;
图3是本发明的实施例2半导体封装件的剖视图;3 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor package according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图4是本发明的实施例3半导体封装件的剖视图;4 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor package according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图5是一现有半导体封装件的剖视图;以及5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional semiconductor package; and
图6是另一现有半导体封装件的剖视图。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another conventional semiconductor package.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下即配合图1、图2A至图2H、图3及图4详细说明本发明的半导体封装件及其制法的实施例。Embodiments of the semiconductor package and its manufacturing method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2A to FIG. 2H , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示,本发明的半导体封装件包括:至少一芯片20,具有一作用表面200及一相对的非作用表面201,并于该作用表面200上形成有多个焊垫202;多个导电凸块21,分别形成于芯片20的焊垫202上;一封装胶体22,用以包覆芯片20及导电凸块21,并使导电凸块21的端部210外露出封装胶体22;多条导电迹线23,形成于封装胶体22上并电性连接至导电凸块21的外露端部210;一拒焊剂层24,敷设于导电迹线23上并开设有多个开孔240,使导电迹线23的预定部分借该开孔240外露;以及多个焊球25,分别形成于导电迹线23的外露部分上。As shown in FIG. 1 , the semiconductor package of the present invention includes: at least one
上述半导体封装件可以按照图2A-2H所示的工序步骤制得。The above-mentioned semiconductor package can be manufactured according to the process steps shown in FIGS. 2A-2H .
首先,如图2A所示,制备一晶圆2,其由多个芯片20构成,各芯片20具有一作用表面200及一相对的非作用表面201,并在各芯片20的作用表面200上形成有多个焊垫202。接着,进行一焊块或栓块形成(bumping or stud bumping)步骤,以在芯片20的各焊垫202上形成一导电凸块21,该导电凸块21可以是焊锡凸块(solder bump)、高铅含量焊锡凸块(high lead solder bump)、金质焊块(gold bump)、或金质栓块(gold stud bump)等。First, as shown in Figure 2A, a wafer 2 is prepared, which is composed of a plurality of
接着,如图2B所示,进行一切单(singulation)作业,切割晶圆2以形成多个单离的芯片20,各芯片20具有多个导电凸块21。Next, as shown in FIG. 2B , a singulation operation is performed, and the wafer 2 is diced to form a plurality of
如图2C所示,提供一载具26,例如一胶片(tape),用以承载该多个芯片20,该载具26的一表面260上可定义出多个封装单元261,以使至少一芯片20借其导电凸块21接置于各封装单元261上。As shown in FIG. 2C, a carrier 26, such as a film (tape), is provided to carry the plurality of
然后,进行一模压(molding)工序,利用一现有树脂材料(例如环氧树脂等)形成一封装胶体22于载具26的表面260上,以包覆所有载接在载具26上的芯片20与导电凸块21。Then, perform a molding (molding) process, utilize an existing resin material (such as epoxy resin etc.) 20 and
如图2D所示,将载具26自封装胶体22上移除或剥离,从而使触接载具26的导电凸块21的端部210外露出封装胶体22,且大致与该封装胶体22的一表面220齐平。As shown in FIG. 2D , the carrier 26 is removed or peeled off from the
同时,如图2E所示,可选择性地进行一研磨(grinding,例如机械研磨)步骤,以研磨该封装胶体22大致与导电凸块21端部210齐平的表面220,能确实露出导电凸块21的端部210,并确保该端部210确与封装胶体22的表面220齐平及该表面220的平面度(planarity),以便进行后续工序,以在外露的导电凸块21端部210上形成增层(build-uplayer),封装胶体22的表面220也提供较多的表面区域(与芯片20的作用表面200相比),以供后续形成增层及更多数量的输入/输出(input/output,I/O)端(图未标)之用。At the same time, as shown in FIG. 2E , a grinding (grinding, such as mechanical grinding) step can be optionally performed to grind the
接着,如图2F所示,利用现有例如光微影(photolithography)技术,在封装胶体22的表面220上形成多条导电迹线23,且使各导电迹线23与至少一导电凸块21的外露端部210电性连接,因此,芯片20上的焊垫202能够利用导电凸块21及导电迹线23重新配(redistribution)至所欲位置,例如与后续输入/输出端(图未标)电性导接的位置;该导电迹线23是用一例如铜、铝、或其合金等的导电材料制成。Next, as shown in FIG. 2F , a plurality of
如图2G所示,形成导电迹线23于封装胶体22上后,再敷设一拒焊剂层24于该导电迹线23上,并开设多个贯穿拒焊剂层24的开孔240,使导电迹线23的预定部分借该开孔240外露,该导电迹线23的外露部分可为终端部位(terminal)。As shown in FIG. 2G, after forming the
然后,进行一现有的丝网印刷(screen printing)作业,在各导电迹线23的外露部分(终端)上形成一焊球25,该焊球25作为半导体封装件的输入/输出端,使芯片20借之与外界装置(图未标,如印刷电路板等)成电性连接关系。Then, a conventional screen printing (screen printing) operation is performed to form a
最后,如图2H所示,进行一切单作业,切割封装胶体22,以形成多个具有单离芯片20的半导体封装件。Finally, as shown in FIG. 2H , a cutting operation is performed to cut the
上述半导体封装件是先于芯片的焊垫上植设多个导电凸块,然后利用一封装胶体包覆芯片,并使导电凸块的端部外露出该封装胶体,以使后续增层能够形成于该外露的端部上。这种结构的优点在于,导电凸块的外露端部能够突显出芯片上焊垫的位置使其易于识别,使后续形成于封装胶体上的导电迹线,能够利用导电凸块良好地电性连接至焊垫,从而改善制成品的优良率及可靠性。现有技术是需先在芯片及封装胶体上形成一介电层,再利用激光钻孔技术开设多个贯穿该介电层的贯孔,以借贯孔露出芯片上的焊垫,因此,与现有技术比较,本发明的半导体封装件则无需使用介电层及激光钻孔技术,故能降低成本并简化工序,且芯片上的焊垫不会被介电层遮覆,因而能避免因激光难以准确地识别出焊垫位置而无法使焊垫精确或完整地外露,从而影响焊垫与导电迹线间电性连接品质等问题,且无需在芯片及封装胶体上敷设介电层,还能克服现有技术中因介电层与芯片及封装胶体的热膨胀系数(CTE,coefficient of thermal expansion)及产生的热应力不同而易在其间的界面造成分层(delamination)等缺点。The above-mentioned semiconductor package is first planted with a plurality of conductive bumps on the pads of the chip, and then uses an encapsulant to cover the chip, and the end of the conductive bump is exposed to the encapsulant, so that the subsequent build-up layer can be formed on the on the exposed end. The advantage of this structure is that the exposed end of the conductive bump can highlight the position of the solder pad on the chip, making it easy to identify, so that the conductive traces formed on the encapsulant later can be electrically connected well by the conductive bump to the pad, thereby improving the yield and reliability of the finished product. In the prior art, it is necessary to first form a dielectric layer on the chip and the encapsulation compound, and then use laser drilling technology to open a plurality of through holes through the dielectric layer, so as to expose the pads on the chip through the through holes. Compared with the prior art, the semiconductor package of the present invention does not need to use dielectric layer and laser drilling technology, so the cost can be reduced and the process can be simplified, and the welding pad on the chip will not be covered by the dielectric layer, thus avoiding the It is difficult for the laser to accurately identify the position of the solder pad, so that the solder pad cannot be exposed accurately or completely, which affects the quality of the electrical connection between the solder pad and the conductive trace, and there is no need to lay a dielectric layer on the chip and the packaging compound. It can overcome the disadvantages in the prior art that delamination is easily caused at the interface between the dielectric layer and the chip and the encapsulation compound due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE, coefficient of thermal expansion) and thermal stress generated.
实施例2Example 2
图3显示本发明的实施例2的半导体封装件。如图所示,该半导体封装件的结构大致与上述实施例1所述的半导体封装件相同,其不同处在于,进行如图2E所示的研磨步骤时,可同时研磨去除该封装胶体22遮覆住芯片20的非作用表面201的部分,使芯片20的非作用表面201外露。除上述实施例1的半导体封装件所达成的功效外,该外露的非作用表面201有助于将芯片20运行时产生的热量散逸至外界或大气中,因而能增进封装件的散热效率。FIG. 3 shows a semiconductor package of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the structure of the semiconductor package is roughly the same as that of the semiconductor package described in Embodiment 1 above, the difference is that when performing the grinding step shown in FIG. The portion covering the
实施例3Example 3
图4显示本发明的实施例3的半导体封装件。如图所示,该半导体封装件的结构大致与上述实施例1所述的半导体封装件相同,其不同处在于形成导电迹线23(下称″第一导电迹线″)于封装胶体22上后,先敷设至少一介电层27于该第一导电迹线23上,并开设多个贯穿介电层27的贯孔(via)270,使第一导电迹线23的预定部分借该贯孔270外露。接着,在该介电层27上形成多条第二导电迹线28,该介电层及第二导电迹线夹设在该第一导电迹线与拒焊剂层之间,并使各第二导电迹线28与至少一第一导电迹线23的外露部分电性连接。FIG. 4 shows a semiconductor package of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the structure of the semiconductor package is roughly the same as that of the semiconductor package described in Embodiment 1 above, the difference is that conductive traces 23 (hereinafter referred to as "first conductive traces") are formed on the
然后,再于第二导电迹线28上敷设一拒焊剂层24,并开设多个贯穿拒焊剂层24的开孔240,使第二导电迹线28的预定部分借该开孔240外露,该第二导电迹线28的外露部分可为终端部位(terminal)。接着,进行现有的丝网印刷作业,以便在各第二导电迹线28的外露部分(终端)上形成一焊球25,该焊球25是作为半导体封装件的输入/输出端与外界装置(图未标)成电性连接关系。Then, a
除上述实施例1的半导体封装件所达成的功效外,介电层27及第二导电迹线28的设置能够增加芯片20上的增层数目,因而能提升封装件中导电迹线布设的弹性,使芯片20能更有效地电性连接至焊球25及外界装置进行运行。In addition to the effects achieved by the semiconductor package of Embodiment 1 above, the arrangement of the
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100505196C (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2009-06-24 | 全懋精密科技股份有限公司 | Chip electrical connection structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102623359A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-01 | 日月光半导体制造股份有限公司 | Semiconductor package structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2025010965A1 (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2025-01-16 | 广东佛智芯微电子技术研究有限公司 | Manufacturing method for chip packaging structure, and packaging structure |
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2003
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100505196C (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2009-06-24 | 全懋精密科技股份有限公司 | Chip electrical connection structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102623359A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-01 | 日月光半导体制造股份有限公司 | Semiconductor package structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2025010965A1 (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2025-01-16 | 广东佛智芯微电子技术研究有限公司 | Manufacturing method for chip packaging structure, and packaging structure |
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