CN1563681A - Igniting combustion system of engine preburning chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

An ignition type engine pre-combustion chamber combustion system capable of adopting high compression ratio and high air-fuel ratio belongs to the field of engine mixture gas formation and combustion. Since the auxiliary fuel beam injected by the porous nozzle installed in the pre-combustion chamber only forms a rich mixture in the pre-combustion chamber, while the main fuel beam only forms a lean mixture in the main combustion chamber, although a higher compression ratio is adopted, the The total air-fuel ratio is very large, and the economy and exhaust pollution of the engine are improved under the condition of ensuring ignition.

Description

Ignition Engine Pre-chamber Combustion System

technical field

The invention relates to an ignition type engine pre-combustion chamber combustion system capable of adopting high compression ratio and high air-fuel ratio, which belongs to the field of engine mixture gas formation and combustion.

Background technique

As we all know, gaseous fuels such as gasoline or LPG are difficult to spontaneously ignite, so this type of fuel engine has always used a combustion method of homogeneous mixture and ignited by an external source. In this way, there are two problems: one is that the mixture gas range is narrow during operation, α=0.6～1.2 (A/F=9～18), and it often works under the rich mixture gas of α<1, which will inevitably make the engine economical. And generate a large amount of CO; Second, both theory and practice have proved that increasing the compression ratio is the most effective way to improve the thermal efficiency of this type of engine, but it is limited by abnormal combustion such as deflagration and exhaust pollution. The effective thermal efficiency of current ignition engines is far inferior to that of compression ignition diesel engines. In order to solve the problems of ignition engine economy and exhaust pollution, it is very important to study new combustion methods for ignition engines.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of narrow concentration range of the ignition-type engine mixture and the inability to adopt a higher compression ratio, the present invention provides a pre-combustion chamber combustion system of the ignition-type engine, which adopts a high compression ratio and a high air-fuel ratio, and adopts mass regulation, The local instantaneous low air-fuel ratio is used to ensure normal ignition and rapid combustion, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the thermal efficiency of the ignition engine and reducing exhaust pollution.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of ignition type engine pre-combustion chamber combustion system, which mainly consists of a main combustion chamber composed of a cylinder head, a piston and a cylinder liner, and a pre-combustion chamber located in the cylinder head. room composition. A porous nozzle protrudes into the pre-chamber, and the fuel ejected from the nozzle is composed of auxiliary fuel beam and main fuel beam. The main fuel beam directly enters the main combustion chamber from the outlet of the pre-chamber, and the spark plug installed in the pre-chamber is very easy Ignite the over-rich mixture formed by the auxiliary fuel beam in the pre-combustion chamber, the burning high-temperature and high-pressure gas rushes into the main combustion chamber through the outlet of the pre-combustion chamber, and ignite the lean mixture formed by the main fuel beam in the main combustion chamber to achieve high The mixture with high compression ratio and high air-fuel ratio burns quickly and completely. The compression ratio of this combustion system is 9-20, and the air-fuel ratio is 16-40.

The guiding ideology of the above-mentioned technical solution is: the auxiliary fuel bundle forms a highly ignitable rich mixture around the spark plug, forms primary mixing and combustion in the pre-combustion chamber, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by combustion rushes into the main combustion chamber to form secondary mixing and combustion. Combustion, since the piston has crossed the top dead center and started to descend, the maximum combustion pressure is effectively controlled.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: because the secondary fuel jet sprayed by the multi-hole nozzle installed in the pre-combustion chamber only forms a rich mixture in the pre-combustion chamber, and the main fuel jet only forms a lean mixture in the main combustion chamber. Higher compression ratio, but the total air-fuel ratio is large, which improves the engine's economy and exhaust pollution under the condition of ensuring ignition. The test proves that: when the compression ratio is 14 and the total air-fuel ratio is 21, the fuel consumption rate is significantly reduced, even better than that of a diesel engine with a separate combustion chamber, and the pollution can reach the European III standard.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of an ignition engine pre-chamber combustion system.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the pre-chamber section.

In the figure: 1. Cylinder head, 2. Piston, 3. Cylinder liner, 4. Main combustion chamber, 5. Precombustion chamber, 6. Spark plug, 7. Inlay, 8. Nozzle, 9. Precombustion chamber insert, 10, auxiliary fuel bundle, 11, pre-chamber outlet, 12, main fuel bundle.

Detailed ways

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, a main combustion chamber 4 is formed by the cylinder head 1, the piston 2 and the cylinder liner 3, and a pre-combustion chamber 5 is arranged in the cylinder head 1, and the pre-combustion chamber 5 is composed of an insert The inner cavity of 9 is combined with the bottom of pre-chamber inlay 7, and the bottom of inlay 9 is provided with pre-chamber outlet 11. The spark plug 6 and the nozzle 8 are installed on the inlay 7, but the heads all extend into the pre-combustion chamber 5, and the auxiliary fuel beam sprayed by the nozzle 8 only forms a rich mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 5, so as to facilitate the ignition of the spark plug 6. And the main fuel beam directly shoots to the pre-chamber outlet 11 and enters the main combustion chamber 4 to form a lean mixture. This example uses a compression ratio of 14 and an overall air-fuel ratio of 21.

Claims (2)

1. A kind of ignition type engine pre-combustion chamber combustion system, it is mainly composed of a cylinder head (1), piston (2) and cylinder liner (3) main combustion chamber (4) and a cylinder head (1) The inner pre-chamber (5) is composed of, and it is characterized in that: a porous nozzle (8) stretches in the pre-chamber (5), and the fuel bundle ejected from the nozzle (8) is composed of auxiliary fuel bundle (10) and main fuel bundle (12) form, main fuel beam (12) directly enters main combustion chamber (4) from pre-chamber outlet (11), and the spark plug (6) that is contained in the pre-chamber (5) is very easy to ignite by auxiliary fuel beam ( 10) The over-rich mixture formed in the pre-combustion chamber (5), the burning high-temperature and high-pressure gas rushes into the main combustion chamber (4) through the pre-combustion chamber outlet (11), and is ignited by the main fuel beam (12) in the main combustion chamber. The lean mixture formed in the combustion chamber (4) realizes rapid and complete combustion of the mixture with high compression ratio and high air-fuel ratio. 2. The ignition type engine pre-combustion chamber combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compression ratio is 9-20, and the air-fuel ratio is 16-40.

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