[go: up one dir, main page]

CN1439112A - 制造电泳显示器的方法 - Google Patents

制造电泳显示器的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1439112A
CN1439112A CN01801449A CN01801449A CN1439112A CN 1439112 A CN1439112 A CN 1439112A CN 01801449 A CN01801449 A CN 01801449A CN 01801449 A CN01801449 A CN 01801449A CN 1439112 A CN1439112 A CN 1439112A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
precursor
layer
microcups
array
microcup
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN01801449A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1203353C (zh
Inventor
梁荣昌
陈美英
吴让二
陈仙海
臧宏玫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
E Ink California LLC
Original Assignee
Sipix Imaging Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sipix Imaging Inc filed Critical Sipix Imaging Inc
Publication of CN1439112A publication Critical patent/CN1439112A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1203353C publication Critical patent/CN1203353C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133377—Cells with plural compartments or having plurality of liquid crystal microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. one microcell per pixel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造微型杯阵列的方法。此种阵列可以有多种用途，例如视频显示。这种微型杯特别适用于电泳或液晶显示器。

Description

制造电泳显示器的方法
本发明所属技术领域
本发明涉及电泳显示器，尤其涉及一种制造这种显示器的新颖方法。
与本发明相关的背景技术
电泳显示器是基于悬浮在溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒的电泳现象制成的一种非发射性的装置。其在1969年首次提出。这类显示器通常包括具有电极的两块板，这两块板彼此相对放置并由间隔物分隔开。通常，其中的一块电极板是透明的。包含有一种被染色的溶剂和带电荷颜料微粒的悬浮物被密封在二个电极板之间。当在二电极之间施加一个电压差时，颜料微粒将迁移到一侧，该颜料的颜色或该溶剂的颜色依电压差的极性显现。
为避免不希望的微粒迁移(诸如沉淀)，在先技术在二个电极之间划分区间。然而，在分区式电泳显示器的情况下，形成分区与悬浮物密封处理会遇到某些困难。此外，难于在分区式电泳显示器中保持不同颜色的悬浮物分离。
因此现有技术试图把悬浮物密封在微胶囊中。美国专利第5,961,804号以及第5,930,026号说明了微胶囊化的电泳显示器。该文献披露的显示器具有基本上二维的微胶囊排列，其中各微胶囊含有由一介电质流体与一带电荷颜料微粒悬浮物(在视觉上与介电质溶剂对比)所组成的电泳组分。该微胶囊的形成可借助于界面聚合、原位聚合，或者诸如物理处理、液体内固化或简单/复杂凝聚等其他已知的工艺。在微胶囊形成后，可将其注入装有二个隔离电极的室中，或“印刷”或涂布在透明导电膜上。所述微胶囊也可被固定到一透明基材或粘合剂中，亦即其本身被夹在所述二个电极之间。
利用这些现有工艺方法，特别是美国专利第5,930,026号、第5,961,804号以及第6,017,584号所披露的微胶囊方法制备的电泳显示器有许多缺点。例如，用微胶囊方法制造的电泳显示器，由于微胶囊壁的化学性质受到对环境变化的敏感度(特别是对于湿度与温度的敏感度)的不利影响。第二，由于胶囊的薄壁面与较大微粒尺寸，用微胶囊制造的电泳显示器具有较差的抗刮性。为改进该显示器的操作性，微胶囊被嵌埋于大量的聚合物基材中。但是，由于二电极间距增大，使响应时间变长；而且，由于颜料微粒的低有效负载，使对比度降低。因为电荷控制剂在该微胶囊制备期间趋于扩散至水/油界面，致使难以增加颜料微粒上的表面电荷密度。微胶囊中颜料微粒的低电荷密度或ζ电位也使其灵敏度变低。此外，因为微胶囊的大微粒尺寸和与大范围分布，对于色彩应用而言，此类型的现有技术的电泳显示器具有的分辨率与寻址能力较低。
为了避免不希望的微粒移动，诸如侧向迁移或沉淀，现有技术采用光刻法将电泳显示器分割成比较小的单元。现有技术中的处理，是分批次进行的，并且需要溶剂显影。现有技术还披露了一种辊对辊微模压工艺。因此需要一种不需要溶剂的高产出的制造方法，用于电泳或液晶显示器中的微型杯(micro-cups)的生产。
发明综述
本发明提出了一种微型杯阵列的制造方法及用途。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种是利用涂布有热塑性或热固性前体物组分(例如紫外光固化树脂)的预成型凸模制作微型杯阵列的方法。然后，使此树脂与具有图案化的导电层的转移片(或塑料基板)接触，并且可以选择性地将它加热。模子对准于导体图案。可向转移片施加均匀的压力，以帮助改善转移片和树脂之间的粘合，以及控制微型杯底部的厚度。通过暴露于辐射(例如紫外光(UV))而固化树脂。一旦树脂固化之后，从凸模脱出以产生微型杯阵列。凸模也可以选择性地预先涂脱模剂，例如蜡、聚硅氧烷或氟化聚合物。如果需要的话，也可以后固化微型杯阵列。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种使用微型杯阵列的电泳显示器的制造方法。用于全彩电泳显示器的制造方法包括：层叠预先制成的微型杯和一层正性光致抗蚀剂，将正性光致抗蚀剂进行图形曝光，选择性地打开一定数量的微型杯，接着把抗蚀剂显影、把打开的微型杯填充着色的电泳流体，并用密封工艺将填充的微型杯密封起来。可以重复这些步骤，以生成填充了不同颜色的电泳流体的密封微型杯。
根据本发明的第三方面，提供了一种使用微型杯阵列的电泳显示器。对微型杯阵列填充介电流体，而该流体包含至少一种带电荷的颜料悬浮体，其是在一种有色的介电溶剂或溶剂混合物中。然后密封微型杯。层叠该密封的阵列和涂有胶层的导电膜。
附图简要描述
图1是根据本发明的电泳显示器的示意图。
图2是转移模(也就是凸模)的示意图。
图3是生产工艺的示意图，其通过将紫外光固化组合物转移涂布至凸模上。
图4是制造黑白电泳显示器或其它单色电泳显示器的流程图。
图5是制造多色电泳显示器的流程图。
图6是以本发明的方法所制备的典型微型杯阵列。
发明详述
以下述定义和实施例作为参考的方式详细描述本发明。本文所引述的所有专利和出版物，结合于此作为参考文献。定义
除非在本专利说明书中另有定义，否则在此所用的技术术语皆根据本领域技术人员通常使用并了解的惯用定义而被使用。在此，下述的词汇或缩写(不论是以单数形式或复数形式使用)，具有所述的意义：
“微型杯(micro-cup)”一词，是指由转移模压所生成的杯状凹处。
在本专利说明书中，术语“盒”是指由一密封微型杯所形成的独立的单位。该盒以分散于溶剂或溶剂混合物中的带电荷颜料微粒填充。
当说明该微型杯或盒时，术语“有明确定义的”是指该微型杯或盒具有根据本工艺的特定参数预定的明确的形状、尺寸、纵横比。
“纵横比”一词为电泳显示器中一般所知的词汇。于本申请中，它是指微型杯的深度对宽度或深度对长度的比例。优选实施例的详细描述
如图1所示，根据本发明的电泳显示器包括有二个电极板(10，11)(至少其中一个为透明的(10))，以及位于该二个电极之间密封的一层明确定义的盒层(12)。该盒有明确定义的形状与尺寸，并以分散在经染色的介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒填充。当施加电压差于二电极之间时，该带电荷微粒将迁移至一侧，这样可透过透明导电膜看见颜料的颜色或溶剂的颜色。至少该二导体之一是被图案化的。用于制备该电泳显示器的工艺涉及几个方面。I.微型杯的制备凸模的制备
凸模(24)可用任何适当的方法制备，例如光致抗蚀处理后，接着蚀刻或电镀。制作凸模的示意性实施例见图2。用于凸模的主模板则可以用任何适当的方法制造，例如电镀。采用电镀法时，在一玻璃基板上喷镀一层通常为3000的籽金属薄层，例如铬镍铁合金(chrome inconel)。接着涂布光致抗蚀剂层，并以紫外光曝光。一掩模被置于紫外光与光致抗蚀剂层之间。该光致蚀刻剂的曝光区域变硬。然后用适当的溶剂清洗，去除未曝光区域。干燥所保留的固化光致抗蚀剂，并再次喷镀一层籽金属薄层。之后主模准备就绪，可以进行电铸成形。用于电铸成形的典型材料是镍钴合金。此外，该主模可由镍制作，如摄影光学仪器工程师学会会刊卷1663，pp.324(1992)中《薄镀层光学介质的连续制作》(“Continuousmanufacturing of thin cover sheet optical media”，SPIE Proc.)中所说明的，采用氨基磺酸镍(nickel sulfamate)电铸或无电镍沉积。该模具的底座(22)通常约50至400微米。该主模也可用其他微工程技术制作，包括电子束写入、干式蚀刻、化学蚀刻、激光写入或激光干涉，如《精密光学复制技术》见摄影光学仪器工程师学会会刊(“Replication techniques for micro-optics”，SPIE Proc.)卷3099，pp.76-82(1997)中说明。此外，该模具可使用塑料、陶瓷、金属，利用光加工制作。
如此制备的凸模(24)通常具有大约1至500微米之间的凸起(20)，优选的是在大约2至100微米之间，更优选的是大约4至50微米。凸模可以是带、辊、片的形式。对于连续制造而言，优选的是带型的模子。微型杯的制作
微型杯可以用批次工艺或是连续的辊对辊工艺制作。后者提供连续、低成本、高产出的制造技术，以制造电泳或液晶显示器中用的隔间。该工艺如图3所示。在涂布紫外光固化树脂以前，如果需要，可采用脱模剂，以帮助脱模过程。紫外光固化树脂(30)在配送前可以先除气，并且可以非必选地加入一种溶剂。这种溶剂(如果有的话)可以容易地蒸发。该紫外光固化树脂(30)可以任何适当的方式配送于凸模(24)上，例如涂布、滴落、倾倒等。配送器(32)可以是移动式的或固定式的。将一种具有粘合促进特性的塑料基板或转移片(34)层叠在紫外光固化树脂上。
用于制备微型杯的热塑性或热固性前体物，可以是多官能团的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯醚、环氧化物，以及它们的低聚物、聚合物和同类物。最优选的是多官能团的丙烯酸酯及其低聚物。多官能团的环氧化物与多官能的丙烯酸酯的组合也非常有用，可获得所要的物理机械性能。通常，也添加赋予挠性的可交联的低聚物，例如氨基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯或聚酯丙烯酸酯，以改善模压微型杯的弯曲强度。该组合物可以包含聚合物、低聚物、单体和添加剂，或者只有低聚物、单体和添加剂。适合的树脂实施例包括但不限于丙烯酸系树脂、聚酯(例如聚对苯二甲酸乙酯和聚萘酸乙酯)、芳族聚酰胺、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚环烯烃、聚砜(polysulfone)、环氧化物，及它们的组合物。其他树脂为多价的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯、多价的乙烯基化合物(包括乙烯基苯、乙烯基硅烷、乙烯基醚)、多价的环氧化物、多价的丙烯化物，以及包含那些可交联的官能团的低聚物、聚合物等等。
这类材料的玻璃化温度(或Tg)范围通常从约-70℃到约150℃，优选是从约-20℃到约50℃。微模压过程通常是在高于Tg的温度下进行。可以采用加热凸模，或加热模子基座，以控制模压的温度和压力。
适合的塑料为聚对苯二甲酸乙酯(polyethylene terephthalate)、聚萘酸乙酯(polyethylene naphthate)、聚碳酸酯、聚氟乙烯、芳族聚酰胺(polyaramid)、聚酰亚胺、聚环烯烃、聚砜(polysulfone)、环氧化物和其复合物。如果需要的话，可以施加压力，以确保树脂和塑料之间有适当的接合，并控制微型杯底板的厚度。可以采用层压辊、真空模压成型、加压装置或任何其它类似的装置来施加压力。如果凸模是金属的并且不透明，则典型的塑料基板对于用来固化树脂的光化性辐射而言是透明的。反之，凸模可以是透明的，而塑料基板对于光化性辐射而言是不透明的。为了将模压特征良好地转移到转移片上，塑料基板必须对于紫外光固化树脂具有良好的粘合性。模子或前体物组分(例如可固化树脂)也可以非必选地加热到40℃至约200℃之间。II.悬浮体/分散体的制备
对该微型杯填充以分散在介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒。该分散体可根据本领域已知方法制备，如记载于美国专利第6,017,584号，第5,914,806号，第5,573,711号，第5,403,518号，第5,380,362号，第4,680,103号，第4,285,801号，第4,093,534号，第4,071,430号，第3,668,106号，电气和电子工程师协会会报-《电子装置》(IEEETrans.Electron Device)，ED-24，827(1977)，以及J.Appl.Phys.49(9)，4820(1978)中的方法。该带电荷的颜料微粒在视觉上与悬浮于其中的介质存在反差。该介质为介电溶剂，最好具有低粘滞性且介电常数为约2至约30之间，为达到高微粒移动速率，优选为约2至约15之间。适当的介电溶剂的实例包括如十氢化萘(DECALIN)、5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯(5-ethylidene-2-norbomene)、脂肪油、蜡下油(paraffin oil)等碳氢化合物；如甲苯、二甲苯、苯基二甲苯乙烷、十二烷基苯和烷基奈等芳香族碳氢化合物；如全氟代十氢化萘(perfluorodecalin)、全氟甲苯(perfouorotoluene)、全氟二甲苯、二氯三氟甲苯(dichlorobenzotrifluoride)、3，4，5-三氯三氟甲苯(3，4，5-trichlorobenzotrifluoride)、氯五氟基苯(chloropentafluoro-benzene)、二氯壬烷(dichlorononane)、五氯苯等的卤化溶剂；诸如来自明尼苏达州St.Paul的3M公司的FC-43、FC-70和FC-5060的全氟溶剂；低分子量的含卤素的聚合物，如自奥勒岗州Portland的TCI America的聚全氟丙烯醚(poly(perfluoropropylene oxide))；聚氯三氟乙烯，如来自新泽西州RiverEdge的Halocarbon Product公司的卤烃油(Halocarbon oil)；全氟聚烷基醚(perfluoropolyalkylether)，如来自Ausimont的Galden，或是来自特拉华州DuPont的Krytox油和脂K-Fluid系列。在一个优选具体实施例中，使用聚氯三氟乙烯作为介电溶剂。在另一优选的实施例中，使用聚全氟丙烯醚(poly(perfluoropropylene oxide))作为介电溶剂。
该悬浮介质可为染料或颜料所着色。非离子偶氮与蒽醌染料特别地有用。有用的染料的例子非限定性地包括：亚利桑那州PylamProducts公司生产的油溶红EGN(Oil Red EGN)，苏丹红(SudanRed)，苏丹蓝(Sudan Blue)，油溶蓝(Oil Blue)，Macrolex蓝，溶剂蓝35(Solvent Blue 35)，亚利桑那州Pylam Products公司的PylamSpirit黑和Fast Spirit黑，Aldrich公司的苏丹黑B(Sudan Black B)，BASF公司的Thermoplastic Black X-70，以及Aldrich公司的蒽醌蓝，蒽醌黄114，蒽醌红111，135，蒽醌绿28。对于不溶性颜料的情形，用于使介质产生颜色的颜料颗粒亦可分散于该介电介质中。这些有色颗粒优选为不带电荷的。如果用于在介质中产生颜色的颜料颗粒是带电荷的，则其最好带有与该带电荷颜料微粒相反的电荷。若二种颜料微粒带有相同的电荷，则其应具有不同的电荷密度或不同的电泳移动速率。在任何情况下，用于产生介质颜色的染料或颜料必需具有化学稳定性，并与悬浮体中的其它组分相容。此外，也可以使用聚合型染料(例如染料接枝聚合物)或是接枝染料(例如接有低聚物/单体的染料)。
该带电荷颜料微粒可为有机或无机颜料，如自Sun化学制品公司的TiO2、酞菁蓝(phthalocyanine blue)、酞菁绿(phthalocyaninegreen)、二芳基黄(diarylide yellow)、二芳基AAOT黄(diarylideAAOT Yellow)、喹吖啶酮(quinacridone)、偶氮(azo)、若丹明(rhodamine)、苝系颜料(perylene pigment series)；自Kanto化学制品公司的汉撒黄G(Hansa yellow G)颗粒，以及Fisher公司的碳灯黑(Carbon Lampblack)。优选的是亚微粒子尺寸。该微粒应具有可接受的光学特性，不应被介电溶剂膨胀或软化，并且应该是化学稳定的。在正常的工作条件下，所产生的悬浮物亦必须稳定且能抗沉淀、乳化或凝结。
该颜料微粒可具有自然电荷，或可使用电荷控制剂直接使之带电，或可在悬浮于介电溶剂时获得电荷。适当的电荷控制剂是本领域熟知的；其可为聚合或非聚合性质，并且可为离子的或非离子的，包括自Chevron化学制品公司的离子表面活性剂，如气溶胶邻联甲苯胺(Aerosol OT)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(dodecylbenzenesulfonate)、OLOA 1200；金属皂，如碱式石油磺酸钙(basic calcium petroleumsulphonate)、碱式水杨酸烷基钙(basic calcium alkyl salicylate)、水杨酸烷基锌(zinc alkyl salicylate)、烷基二苯醚二磺酸盐(alkyldiphenyloxide sulphonate)(是Dow化学制品公司的Dowfax表面活性剂)，聚丁烯丁二酰亚胺(polybutene succinimide)、顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物(maleic anhydride copolymers)、乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物(vinylpyrrolidone copolymer)(如来自International SpecialtyProducts的Ganex)、(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物((meth)acrylic acidcopolymers)、N，N-二甲基胺基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯共聚物[N，N-dimethylaminoethyl](meth)acrylate copolymers]。氟化表面活性剂在全氟化碳溶剂中作为溶剂电荷控制剂特别有用。这些包括FC氟化表面活性剂，如3M公司的FC-170C、FC-171、FC-176、FC430、FC431和FC-740；以及Zonyl氟化表面活性剂，如Dupont公司的FSA、FSE、FSN、FSN-100、FSO、FSO-100、FSD和UR。
可通过任何熟知的方法制备适当的带电颜料分散体，包括研磨、碾磨、球磨、气流磨(microfluidizing)以及超声波技术。例如，将细粉末形式的颜料微粒加入悬浮溶剂，所获混合物被球磨数小时，将高度团聚的干颜料粉分散成最初的微粒。虽然不是最理想的，但是在该球磨过程，可对该悬浮物添加用于产生悬浮介质颜色的染料或颜料。
可通过使用适当的聚合物将该微粒微囊化，以消除颜料微粒的沉淀或乳化，使其比重与介电溶剂的比重一致。可用化学或物理方法完成颜料微粒的微囊化。典型的微囊化工艺包括界面聚合、原位聚合、相分离、凝聚、静电涂布、喷雾干燥、流化床涂布以及溶剂蒸发。
就黑/白的电泳显示器而言，该悬浮物包含分散于黑色溶剂中的带电荷的白色二氧化钛(TiO2)微粒，或分散于一种介电溶剂中的带电荷黑色微粒。黑色染料或染料混合物可被用于产生溶剂的黑色，如Pylam Products公司(亚利桑那州)的Pylam Spirit黑和FastSpirit黑，Aldrich公司的苏丹黑B，BASF公司的Thermoplastic BlackX-70，或一种不可溶的黑色颜料如碳黑。对于其它有色悬浮物来说，有多种可能性。对于减色系统而言，带电荷的二氧化钛(TiO2)微粒可悬浮于蓝绿色、黄色或品红色的介电溶剂中。该蓝绿色、黄色或品红色可使用染料或颜料产生。对于加色系统而言，带电荷的二氧化钛微粒可悬浮于红色、绿色或蓝色的介电溶剂中，其中该红色、绿色或蓝色亦可使用染料或颜料产生。大多数的应用最好采用这种红色、绿色或蓝色系统。III.微型杯的密封
微型杯的密封可用多种方法完成。一种优选的方法是将包含有多官能团的丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸化低聚物及光敏引发剂的紫外光固化组分，分散于一种含有散布在染色介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒的电泳流体中。该紫外光固化组分与该介电溶剂不互溶，且具有比该介电溶剂及颜料微粒小的比重。此二种成分(紫外光固化组分与电泳流体)在径向混合器中被完全地混合，并采用如Myrad棒、凹印板、刮刀片、开槽涂布或开缝涂布等精确的涂布机械装置，立即涂布于该微型杯上。用扫杆刮刀或类似的装置将过量的流体刮除。可用少量的弱溶剂或者溶剂混合物，如异丙醇、甲醇或其水性溶液等，清洗微型杯的分隔壁顶端表面上残留电泳流体。挥发性的有机溶剂可用于控制该电泳流体的粘滞性与覆盖性。接着烘干填充的微型杯，该紫外光固化组分浮在电泳流体的顶部。在紫外光固化层浮到表面期间或之后，将其进行固化，密封微型杯。紫外光或其他辐射形式，如可见光、红外线及电子束等，皆可用于将该微型杯固化和密封。可选地，也可使用热或湿气将该微型杯固化并密封，如果适当的话，可采用热或湿气可固化组分。
具有所需密度并对丙烯酸酯单体和低聚物有溶解度差别的优选介电溶剂组为卤化烃及其衍生物。可用表面活性剂改善电泳流体与密封材料之间界面的粘合性与润湿性。有用的表面活性剂包括3M公司的FC表面活性剂、DuPont的Zonyl氟化表面活性剂、氟化丙烯酸酯、氟化甲基丙烯酸酯、氟取代长链醇类、全氟取代的长链羧酸及其衍生物。
可选地，如果这种密封前体物至少部分地与介电溶剂相容，则可将电泳流体及密封前体物依次涂布于微型杯。这样，可通过涂布一层热固性前体物薄层(该前体物是辐射、热、湿气或界面反应可固化的)，并将其固化于经填充的微型杯表面上，以完成此密封过程。界面聚合后进行紫外光固化，对于密封过程极为有利。通过界面聚合形成一个薄的分隔层，使电泳层与外敷层之间的互相混合明显得到抑制。该密封接着通过后固化步骤完成，优选为紫外光辐射或其他光辐射。为进一步降低互混程度，最好外敷层的比重明显低于电泳流体的比重。可用挥发性有机溶剂调整涂层的粘度和厚度。当挥发性溶剂用于外敷层时，优选为与该介电溶剂不相混溶。这种二步涂布方法，对所用染料至少部分地溶解于热固性前体物情形特别适用。IV.单色电泳显示器的制备
通过图4所示的流程图说明此工艺。所有的微型杯都用同色组分的悬浮物填充。该工艺可为连续的辊对辊工艺，包括如下步骤：
1.如上文所述制备微型杯。简言之，将紫外光固化组合物转移至凸模，固化该组合物，并且使用转移片将形成的部分脱模，从而制成微型杯。此工艺可以是分批的或辊对辊连续制作。
2.从固化的树脂层脱模，最好在树脂以适当方式硬化期间或之后进行。
3.用一种带电荷颜料分散体(64)填充上述方法制成的微型杯阵列(63)，分散体在着色介电溶剂中，该介电溶剂包含至少一种与该溶剂不相容的热固性前体物，并且该前体物较溶剂与颜料微粒比重低。
4.在该热固性前体物分离并于该液相上面形成一表面浮层期间或之后，通过将该热固性前体物固化密封微型杯，优选采用如紫外光辐射(65)或加热或湿气，因而形成包含有在染色介电溶剂中的颜料分散体的密封电泳盒。
5.将预涂布有胶层(67)的第二导电膜(66)覆盖于经密封的电泳盒阵列，其中该胶层(67)可为压敏粘合剂、热熔粘合剂或一种热、湿气或辐射固化粘合剂。
可采用如紫外光(68)等的辐射，透过该上层导电膜对胶层进行后固化(如果该上层导电膜对这类辐射是透明的)。在该层叠步骤完成后，成品可被切割(69)和组装。
上述微型杯的制备可以方便地以另一种分批制造的工序取代。可通过在电泳流体表面直接涂布并固化热固性前体物的组合物层，完成对微型杯的密封。V.多色电泳显示器的制备
对于多色电泳显示器的制备而言，需要额外的步骤以产生包含不同颜色悬浮物的微型杯。这些额外的步骤包括：(1)将一种正性作用干膜光致抗蚀剂覆盖于制成的微型杯，该光致抗蚀剂由以下成分组成：至少一种如马萨诸塞州Worcester，Saint-Gobain公司的可去除载体PET-4851，如Shipley公司的酚醛树脂正性光致抗蚀剂Microposit S1818，以及一种碱性显影胶层，如National Starch公司的Nacor72-8685与BF Goodrich公司的Carboset 515的混合物；(2)将光致抗蚀剂进行图形曝光，除去可移除的载体膜，以及用一种显影剂，如Shipley公司的经稀释的Microposit 351显影剂，将该正性光致抗蚀剂显影，从而选择性地开启特定数目的微型杯；(3)用包含带电荷白色颜料(二氧化钛)微粒和第一原色染料或颜料的电泳流体填充开启的微型杯；以及(4)按照单色显示器制备中说明的方法，将经填充的微型杯密封。这些附加的步骤可重复，以形成用第二和第三原色的电泳流体填充的微型杯。
更特别地，可根据图5所示步骤制备一种多色电泳显示器。
1.如上文所述，在导电膜(71)上使用紫外光固化树脂(70)制造微型杯(72)。
2.最好在树脂固化期间或之后，从该固化的树脂层脱模。
3.将一正性干膜光致抗蚀剂覆盖于所制成的微型杯阵列(72)，其中至少包含有一胶层(73)、一正性光致抗蚀剂(74)，以及一可去除的塑料保护片(图中未示出)。
4.用紫外光、可见光或其他辐射将该正性光致抗蚀剂进行图形曝光(图5c)，除去保护片，在曝光区域显影、开杯。步骤3和4的目的，是在预定区域选择性地开启微型杯(图5d)。
5.用带电荷白色颜料分散体(75)填充开启的微型杯，分散体所在介电溶剂包含至少一种第一原色的染料或颜料，以及与该溶剂不相容的热固性前体物(76)，并且该前体物较溶剂与颜料微粒比重低。
6.在热固性前体物(76)分离并在液相上面形成一表面浮层的期间或之后，采用热、湿气或例如紫外光的辐射，来固化热固性前体物(76)，密封微型杯，以形成包含第一原色的电泳流体的封闭电泳盒(图5e)。密封步骤优选采用紫外光固化。
7.可以重复上述步骤5～6，以在不同区域产生包含不同颜色电泳流体的有明确定义的盒(图5c～5g)。
8.将预涂布有胶层(78)的一个预制图形的第二透明导电膜(77)，套准层叠于密封的电泳盒阵列，其中所述胶层(78)可为压敏粘合剂、热熔粘合剂或一种热、湿气或辐射固化粘合剂。
9.粘合剂硬化。
上述微型杯的制备方法，可以方便地以另一种分批制造的工序取代。可通过在电泳流体表面直接涂布并固化热固性前体物的组合物层，完成对微型杯的密封。
用本方法制造的显示器可以达到仅一张纸的厚度。该显示器的宽度可为涂布片的宽度(通常为3至90英寸)。该显示器的长度可为数英寸至数千英尺，取决于卷的大小。
实施例
以下所描述的制备和实施例，是为便于本领域技术人员能够更清楚地了解并实施本发明，不应理解为是对本发明范围的限制，而仅仅对是本发明的说明和示范。实施例1 用于制造微型杯的液体配方组分的制备
所用的液体配方示于表1。液体配方组分在使用前事先使用超声波除气10分钟。配方X-021比配方X-023或X-024所制成的微型杯底部厚。
                         表1—用于转移成型的配方
编号      成分(供货商) 描述 X-021 X-023 X-024
1 Ebecryl 3605(UCB Chemicals) 环氧丙烯酸酯 56.07 53.67 48.60
2 Ebecryl 4827(UCB Chemicals) 胺基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯 11.21 10.73 9.72
3 HDODA(UCB Chemicals) 单体 28.04 26.84 33.43
4 Ebecryl 1360(UCB Chemicals) 润滑剂 0.00 4.29 4.20
5 Irgacure 5 00(Ciba SpecialtyChemicals公司) 光引发剂 4.67 4.47 4.05
总计 100.00 100.00 100.00
使用移动的或固定式的配送器可方便地配送液体配方。如果使用固定式的配送器，则应接着精确地进行保留凸模特征的刮涂。实施例2 微型杯的制造
采用光刻技术做出有四个分区的凸模，以制出图6所示尺寸的微型杯。凸模主要由镍制成，并且突起大约10微米高。对模子施以脱模剂(选用Frekote700-NC)。使用微吸移管把几滴所要的液体配方(例如实施例1所述)涂于凸模上。然后将聚对苯二甲酸乙酯膜(来自DuPont的Mylar或Melinex膜)层叠于已涂布的凸模上。用具有一组配套橡胶辊的GBC层合器来进行层合。辊的温度设定在60℃，速度为每分钟1～30英尺。涂布物透过PET膜用紫外光进行曝光5分钟。
以本发明的技术所做的微型杯尺寸列于表2。用配方X-021所制造的微型杯底部比较厚(大约10微米)；用配方X-023和X-024制造的微型杯底部比较薄(小于约5微米)。
                    表2—用各种配方和膜在膜上转移成型
编号   样本   配方        膜3   四区分   h1(微米)  d2(微米)
    1  F021A  X-021 Melinex 725/500克     3     8～10     10
    2  F023B  X-023 Melinex 453/92克     2     12     ～0
    3  F023B  X-023 Melinex 453/92克     1     12     2
    4  F024A  X-024 Melinex 725/500克     4     11～12     4.5
    5  F024B  X-024 Melinex 453/92克     2     12～13     1～3
1.h：微型杯的高度2.d：微型杯底部厚度3.膜种类/膜厚度(标准计量)
虽然本发明已经参考其特定的具体实施例而加以描述，但是对于本领域技术人员来说，可以容易地对上述实施方案进行多种修改和改进，或应用于其它领域。可以做多种的改变，以及有多种的等效物可以取代。此外，可以做许多修改来适合特殊的情况、材料、组分、工艺、一个工艺步骤或多个步骤，而不偏离本发明的目的、精神和范围。所有这些改动均在本发明专利申请权利要求范围内。
组件符号说明10电极板11电极板12盒20凸起22模具的底座24凸模30紫外光固化树脂32配送器34塑料基板或转移片63微型杯阵列64带电颜料分散体65辐射66第二导电膜67胶层68辐射69切割70紫外光固化树脂71导电膜72微型杯73胶层74正性光致抗蚀剂75带电的白色颜料分散体76热固性前体物77第二导电膜78胶层

Claims (31)

1.一种制造微型杯阵列的方法，包括：
a.将热固性或热塑性前体物组分涂布于预成型的凸模上，以便在所述凸模上形成一层连续的前体物层；
b.将所述前体物层与转移片接触；
c.将所述前体物固化，以形成固化的微型杯阵列；以及
d.将所述凸模从所述微型杯阵列中脱模。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述固化是通过暴露于热、湿气或辐射实现的，优选为紫外光。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述前体物组分包括可交联树脂、单体、低聚物，或聚合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述可交联树脂、单体、低聚物、聚合物选自：多价的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯、多价的乙烯基化合物，包括乙烯基苯、乙烯基硅烷、乙烯基醚；多价的环氧化物、多价的丙烯化物，以及包含那些可交联官能团的低聚物、聚合物，及其同类物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述前体物组分是在接近或高于其玻璃化温度下进行涂布的。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述玻璃化温度是从约-70℃到约150℃。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述玻璃化温度是从约-20℃到约50℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述前体物组分还包括增塑剂、有机溶剂或溶剂混合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述凸模选自带、辊、和片。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述凸模是带。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述模子或所述前体物被加热到约40℃至约200℃之间。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述前体物经过部分地固化，脱模，和后固化，形成微型杯阵列。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述转移片选自聚对苯二甲酸乙酯、聚萘酸乙酯、聚碳酸酯、聚氟乙烯、芳族聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚环烯烃、聚砜、环氧化物，以及其组合物。
14.一种制造用于电泳或液晶显示器的微型杯的方法，包括以下步骤：
a.将热固性或热塑性前体物组分涂布于预成型的凸模上；
b.相对所述前体物组分层叠一具有图形化的透明导体层的透明基板；
c.对所述基板均匀地施加压力；
d.使所述前体物组分硬化；以及
e.将具有所述附着成形特征的所述凸模加以脱模。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述固化是通过将前体物暴露于热、湿气或辐射，优选为紫外光实现的。
16.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述前体物组分包括可交联的树脂、单体、低聚物，或聚合物。
17.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述可交联的树脂、单体、低聚物或聚合物从多价的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯，包括乙烯基苯、乙烯基硅烷、乙烯基醚的多价的乙烯化物，多价的环氧化物、多价的丙烯化物，以及包含那些可交联的官能基团的低聚物、聚合物，及其同类物中选择。
18.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述前体物组分是在接近或高于其玻璃化温度下进行涂布的。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法，其中所述玻璃化温度是从约-70℃到约150℃。
20.根据权利要求18所述的方法，其中所述玻璃化温度是从约-20℃到约50℃。
21.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述前体物组分还包括增塑剂、有机溶剂、或溶剂混合物。
22.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述凸模选自带、辊、和片。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法，其中所述凸模是带。
24.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述模子或所述前体物被加热到约40℃至约200℃之间。
25.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述前体物经过部分地固化、脱模、和后固化，形成微型杯阵列。
26.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述转移片材料选自：聚对苯二甲酸乙酯、聚萘酸乙酯、聚碳酸酯、聚氟乙烯、芳族聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚环烯烃、聚砜、环氧化物，以及其组合物。
27.根据权利要求26所述的方法，其中所述图形化的透明导电层包括铟锡氧化物，其宽度与所述凸模的所述突起图案的宽度一致。
28.根据权利要求26所述的方法，其中所述图案化的透明导体层与所述凸模的所述突起图案套合。
29.一种制造电泳显示器的方法，包括以下步骤：
a.通过首先将一层热固性前体物覆盖在一导电膜上，然后以凸模来模压热固性前体物层，或者将热固性前体物层进行图形曝光并移除未曝光区域，来制备微型杯；
b.将这样形成的微型杯阵列用介电流体填充，所述介电流体包含至少一种分散于介电溶剂或溶剂混合物中的带电荷颜料悬浮体；
c.密封所述微型杯；以及
d.层叠密封的电泳盒阵列和预先涂布有胶层的第二导电膜。
30.一种制造多色电泳显示器的方法，包括如下步骤：
a.首先将一层热固性或热塑性前体物组分覆盖于导电膜上，接着以凸模来模压前体物层，或者对前体物层做图形曝光并去除未曝光区域，以制备出微型杯；
b.将这样形成的微型杯阵列层叠一层正性光致抗蚀剂；
c.将正性光致抗蚀剂进行图形曝光，以便有选择性地打开预定区域的微型杯；
d.将打开的微型杯用介电流体填充，此介电流体包含至少一种分散于介电溶剂或溶剂混合物中的白色颜料分散体，所述溶剂或溶剂混合物中包含具有第一色的染料或颜料分散体；
e.将所述微型杯密封，而形成包含所述分散于所述第一色的所述介电溶剂或溶剂混合物的所述白色颜料分散体的密封电泳盒；
f.如果需要的话，在不同的区域重复步骤c)到e)，以制作出包含不同颜色的电泳流体的微型杯组；
g.如果有的话，去除残留的正性光致抗蚀剂；以及
h.层叠密封的所述电泳盒阵列和具有预涂胶层的第二透明导电膜。
31.一种电泳显示器，包括由多个盒构成的微型杯阵列，这些盒具有明确定义的尺寸、形状，和纵横比，所述盒用分散在介电溶剂或溶剂混合物中的带电荷颜料粒子填充，其中所述微型杯阵列是使用紫外光固化树脂通过转移模压的方法制成的。
CNB018014496A 2000-06-28 2001-06-28 制造电泳显示器的方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1203353C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/606,654 2000-06-28
US09/606,654 US6672921B1 (en) 2000-03-03 2000-06-28 Manufacturing process for electrophoretic display

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1439112A true CN1439112A (zh) 2003-08-27
CN1203353C CN1203353C (zh) 2005-05-25

Family

ID=24428891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB018014496A Expired - Lifetime CN1203353C (zh) 2000-06-28 2001-06-28 制造电泳显示器的方法

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6672921B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1352288A2 (zh)
JP (2) JP3926740B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100563427B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1203353C (zh)
AU (1) AU2001268690A1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2412380A1 (zh)
MX (1) MXPA02012691A (zh)
TW (1) TW567349B (zh)
WO (1) WO2002001281A2 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109188779A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-11 厦门天马微电子有限公司 背光模组及其制作方法、显示装置
CN115685627A (zh) * 2022-10-31 2023-02-03 深圳歌德新创科技有限公司 一种反射式液晶显示面板及其制备方法和液晶显示器

Families Citing this family (448)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7327511B2 (en) * 2004-03-23 2008-02-05 E Ink Corporation Light modulators
US20050012980A1 (en) * 2003-05-02 2005-01-20 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment
US7848006B2 (en) * 1995-07-20 2010-12-07 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment
US8139050B2 (en) * 1995-07-20 2012-03-20 E Ink Corporation Addressing schemes for electronic displays
US7193625B2 (en) * 1999-04-30 2007-03-20 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein
US7583251B2 (en) * 1995-07-20 2009-09-01 E Ink Corporation Dielectrophoretic displays
US7411719B2 (en) 1995-07-20 2008-08-12 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof
US7079305B2 (en) * 2001-03-19 2006-07-18 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof
US7259744B2 (en) 1995-07-20 2007-08-21 E Ink Corporation Dielectrophoretic displays
US7167155B1 (en) 1995-07-20 2007-01-23 E Ink Corporation Color electrophoretic displays
US7999787B2 (en) * 1995-07-20 2011-08-16 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces
US7247379B2 (en) * 1997-08-28 2007-07-24 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof
US8040594B2 (en) 1997-08-28 2011-10-18 E Ink Corporation Multi-color electrophoretic displays
US7002728B2 (en) * 1997-08-28 2006-02-21 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof
US7075502B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2006-07-11 E Ink Corporation Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels
ATE349722T1 (de) 1998-07-08 2007-01-15 E Ink Corp Verbesserte farbige mikroverkapselte elektrophoretische anzeige
US7012600B2 (en) * 1999-04-30 2006-03-14 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein
US7119772B2 (en) * 1999-04-30 2006-10-10 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein
US8009348B2 (en) * 1999-05-03 2011-08-30 E Ink Corporation Machine-readable displays
US8115729B2 (en) 1999-05-03 2012-02-14 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic display element with filler particles
US7119759B2 (en) * 1999-05-03 2006-10-10 E Ink Corporation Machine-readable displays
JP2001092388A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-04-06 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 画像表示媒体の製造方法
JP4744757B2 (ja) * 1999-07-21 2011-08-10 イー インク コーポレイション アクティブマトリクス駆動電子ディスプレイの性能を高めるための蓄電キャパシタの使用
US6930818B1 (en) 2000-03-03 2005-08-16 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
US6933098B2 (en) 2000-01-11 2005-08-23 Sipix Imaging Inc. Process for roll-to-roll manufacture of a display by synchronized photolithographic exposure on a substrate web
US6885495B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2005-04-26 Sipix Imaging Inc. Electrophoretic display with in-plane switching
US6831770B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2004-12-14 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
US7052571B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2006-05-30 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and process for its manufacture
US7408696B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2008-08-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Three-dimensional electrophoretic displays
US6972893B2 (en) * 2001-06-11 2005-12-06 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Process for imagewise opening and filling color display components and color displays manufactured thereof
US7142351B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2006-11-28 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electro-magnetophoresis display
US7715088B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2010-05-11 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display
US6865012B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2005-03-08 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
US7158282B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2007-01-02 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
US6947202B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2005-09-20 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display with sub relief structure for high contrast ratio and improved shear and/or compression resistance
US6833943B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2004-12-21 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
US20070237962A1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2007-10-11 Rong-Chang Liang Semi-finished display panels
US7233429B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2007-06-19 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display
US7557981B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2009-07-07 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and process for its manufacture
US7576904B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2009-08-18 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electro-magnetophoresis display
DE60139463D1 (de) * 2000-04-18 2009-09-17 E Ink Corp Prozess zur herstellung von dünnfilmtransistoren
US7893435B2 (en) * 2000-04-18 2011-02-22 E Ink Corporation Flexible electronic circuits and displays including a backplane comprising a patterned metal foil having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough
US6816147B2 (en) * 2000-08-17 2004-11-09 E Ink Corporation Bistable electro-optic display, and method for addressing same
US6801001B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2004-10-05 Science Applications International Corporation Method and apparatus for addressing micro-components in a plasma display panel
US8282762B2 (en) * 2001-01-11 2012-10-09 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display and process for its manufacture
US6795138B2 (en) * 2001-01-11 2004-09-21 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display and novel process for its manufacture
JP4198999B2 (ja) * 2001-03-13 2008-12-17 イー インク コーポレイション 図面を表示するための装置
US7230750B2 (en) * 2001-05-15 2007-06-12 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic media and processes for the production thereof
US7679814B2 (en) 2001-04-02 2010-03-16 E Ink Corporation Materials for use in electrophoretic displays
US8390918B2 (en) * 2001-04-02 2013-03-05 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment
US20050156340A1 (en) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-21 E Ink Corporation Preparation of capsules
EP1393122B1 (en) 2001-05-15 2018-03-28 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic particles
US8582196B2 (en) 2001-05-15 2013-11-12 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic particles and processes for the production thereof
US20090009852A1 (en) * 2001-05-15 2009-01-08 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic particles and processes for the production thereof
US8361356B2 (en) * 2001-06-04 2013-01-29 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Composition and process for the sealing of microcups in roll-to-roll display manufacturing
US7385751B2 (en) * 2001-06-11 2008-06-10 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Process for imagewise opening and filling color display components and color displays manufactured thereof
US6788452B2 (en) 2001-06-11 2004-09-07 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Process for manufacture of improved color displays
US6982178B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2006-01-03 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
US7110163B2 (en) * 2001-07-09 2006-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display and lamination adhesive for use therein
US7535624B2 (en) * 2001-07-09 2009-05-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display and materials for use therein
TW527529B (en) 2001-07-27 2003-04-11 Sipix Imaging Inc An improved electrophoretic display with color filters
US6967640B2 (en) * 2001-07-27 2005-11-22 E Ink Corporation Microencapsulated electrophoretic display with integrated driver
US7492505B2 (en) * 2001-08-17 2009-02-17 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display with dual mode switching
US7038670B2 (en) * 2002-08-16 2006-05-02 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display with dual mode switching
TW539928B (en) 2001-08-20 2003-07-01 Sipix Imaging Inc An improved transflective electrophoretic display
CN102789758B (zh) 2001-11-20 2016-05-18 伊英克公司 驱动双稳态电光显示器的方法
US8593396B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2013-11-26 E Ink Corporation Methods and apparatus for driving electro-optic displays
US8558783B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2013-10-15 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with reduced remnant voltage
US9412314B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2016-08-09 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US7952557B2 (en) * 2001-11-20 2011-05-31 E Ink Corporation Methods and apparatus for driving electro-optic displays
US9530363B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2016-12-27 E Ink Corporation Methods and apparatus for driving electro-optic displays
US8125501B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2012-02-28 E Ink Corporation Voltage modulated driver circuits for electro-optic displays
US7528822B2 (en) * 2001-11-20 2009-05-05 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
TWI250894B (en) * 2002-01-03 2006-03-11 Sipix Imaging Inc Functionalized halogenated polymers for microencapsulation
TWI229776B (en) 2002-01-03 2005-03-21 Sipix Imaging Inc A novel electrophoretic dispersion with a fluorinated solvent and a charge controlling agent
US7382514B2 (en) * 2002-02-11 2008-06-03 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Core-shell particles for electrophoretic display
US6950220B2 (en) * 2002-03-18 2005-09-27 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same
US7113323B2 (en) 2002-03-21 2006-09-26 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Magnetophoretic and electromagnetophoretic displays
TW578121B (en) 2002-03-21 2004-03-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Magnetophoretic and electromagnetophoretic display
US7580180B2 (en) 2002-03-21 2009-08-25 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Magnetophoretic and electromagnetophoretic displays
CN1209674C (zh) 2002-04-23 2005-07-06 希毕克斯影像有限公司 电磁泳显示器
US7972472B2 (en) * 2002-04-24 2011-07-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Process for forming a patterned thin film structure for in-mold decoration
US7261920B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2007-08-28 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Process for forming a patterned thin film structure on a substrate
US7223672B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2007-05-29 E Ink Corporation Processes for forming backplanes for electro-optic displays
US7190008B2 (en) * 2002-04-24 2007-03-13 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and components for use therein
AU2003232018A1 (en) 2002-04-24 2003-11-10 E Ink Corporation Electronic displays
TWI268813B (en) * 2002-04-24 2006-12-21 Sipix Imaging Inc Process for forming a patterned thin film conductive structure on a substrate
US7156945B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2007-01-02 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Process for forming a patterned thin film structure for in-mold decoration
US8002948B2 (en) * 2002-04-24 2011-08-23 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Process for forming a patterned thin film structure on a substrate
TW574538B (en) 2002-04-24 2004-02-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Compositions and processes for format flexible roll-to-roll manufacturing of electrophoretic displays
TWI240842B (en) 2002-04-24 2005-10-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Matrix driven electrophoretic display with multilayer back plane
US7307778B2 (en) * 2002-04-24 2007-12-11 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Compositions and processes for format-flexible, roll-to-roll manufacturing of electrophoretic displays
TWI310098B (en) 2002-05-03 2009-05-21 Sipix Imaging Inc Methods of surface modification for improving electrophoretic display performance
TWI329662B (en) 2002-05-17 2010-09-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Novel fluorinated silicon (iv) phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines for electrophoretic, magnetophoretic or electromagnetophoretic display
US6958848B2 (en) * 2002-05-23 2005-10-25 E Ink Corporation Capsules, materials for use therein and electrophoretic media and displays containing such capsules
TW583497B (en) 2002-05-29 2004-04-11 Sipix Imaging Inc Electrode and connecting designs for roll-to-roll format flexible display manufacturing
JP4154175B2 (ja) * 2002-05-31 2008-09-24 キヤノン株式会社 電気泳動表示素子の製造方法
US7843621B2 (en) * 2002-06-10 2010-11-30 E Ink Corporation Components and testing methods for use in the production of electro-optic displays
US7110164B2 (en) * 2002-06-10 2006-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof
US7554712B2 (en) 2005-06-23 2009-06-30 E Ink Corporation Edge seals for, and processes for assembly of, electro-optic displays
US7583427B2 (en) * 2002-06-10 2009-09-01 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
US7649674B2 (en) * 2002-06-10 2010-01-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with edge seal
US8363299B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2013-01-29 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof
US8049947B2 (en) * 2002-06-10 2011-11-01 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
US9470950B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2016-10-18 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof
US20110199671A1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2011-08-18 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces
US20080024482A1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2008-01-31 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
AU2003239619A1 (en) 2002-06-13 2003-12-31 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
JP4326190B2 (ja) * 2002-07-10 2009-09-02 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 可とう性成形型及びその製造方法
US8547628B2 (en) 2002-07-17 2013-10-01 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance
US20060255322A1 (en) * 2002-07-17 2006-11-16 Wu Zarng-Arh G Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance
US7347957B2 (en) 2003-07-10 2008-03-25 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance
TWI315439B (en) 2002-07-30 2009-10-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Novel microencapsulation processes and composition for electrophoretic displays
JP2005534996A (ja) * 2002-08-06 2005-11-17 イー−インク コーポレイション 熱影響に対する電気光学表示装置の保護
US7312916B2 (en) * 2002-08-07 2007-12-25 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic media containing specularly reflective particles
JP4564355B2 (ja) 2002-09-03 2010-10-20 イー インク コーポレイション 気体状懸濁流体を有する電気泳動媒体
CN100397227C (zh) 2002-09-03 2008-06-25 伊英克公司 电泳介质及形成电泳介质的方法
US7839564B2 (en) * 2002-09-03 2010-11-23 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
TW575646B (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-02-11 Sipix Imaging Inc Novel adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays
US7166182B2 (en) * 2002-09-04 2007-01-23 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays
TWI327251B (en) * 2002-09-23 2010-07-11 Sipix Imaging Inc Electrophoretic displays with improved high temperature performance
US7616374B2 (en) * 2002-09-23 2009-11-10 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic displays with improved high temperature performance
TWI293715B (en) * 2002-10-10 2008-02-21 Sipix Imaging Inc A method for inducing or enhancing the threshold of an electrophoretic display, an electrophoretic fluid and an electrophoretic display
US20130063333A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2013-03-14 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic displays
AU2003301470A1 (en) 2002-10-21 2004-05-04 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing electrophoretic display device
US7245417B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2007-07-17 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing display device
TWI229230B (en) 2002-10-31 2005-03-11 Sipix Imaging Inc An improved electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
TWI297089B (en) * 2002-11-25 2008-05-21 Sipix Imaging Inc A composition for the preparation of microcups used in a liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal display comprising two or more layers of microcup array and process for its manufacture
US8023071B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2011-09-20 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display
AU2003299673A1 (en) * 2002-12-16 2004-07-22 E Ink Corporation Backplanes for electro-optic displays
US6975067B2 (en) * 2002-12-19 2005-12-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Organic electroluminescent device and encapsulation method
US6922276B2 (en) * 2002-12-23 2005-07-26 E Ink Corporation Flexible electro-optic displays
US7572491B2 (en) * 2003-01-24 2009-08-11 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays
TWI230832B (en) * 2003-01-24 2005-04-11 Sipix Imaging Inc Novel adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays
US9346987B2 (en) * 2003-01-24 2016-05-24 E Ink California, Llc Adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays
US6987603B2 (en) * 2003-01-31 2006-01-17 E Ink Corporation Construction of electrophoretic displays
US7910175B2 (en) * 2003-03-25 2011-03-22 E Ink Corporation Processes for the production of electrophoretic displays
US7339715B2 (en) * 2003-03-25 2008-03-04 E Ink Corporation Processes for the production of electrophoretic displays
EP1616217B1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2010-10-20 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic assemblies
US10726798B2 (en) 2003-03-31 2020-07-28 E Ink Corporation Methods for operating electro-optic displays
WO2004104979A2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Improved passive matrix electrophoretic display driving scheme
WO2005006290A1 (en) 2003-06-30 2005-01-20 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US8174490B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2012-05-08 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electrophoretic displays
US20050122563A1 (en) * 2003-07-24 2005-06-09 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays
US7390901B2 (en) * 2003-08-08 2008-06-24 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Fluorinated dyes or colorants and their uses
WO2005020199A2 (en) 2003-08-19 2005-03-03 E Ink Corporation Methods for controlling electro-optic displays
JP5506137B2 (ja) * 2003-09-19 2014-05-28 イー インク コーポレイション 電子光学式ディスプレイにおけるエッジ効果を低減する方法
US8514168B2 (en) * 2003-10-07 2013-08-20 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display with thermal control
US7061662B2 (en) * 2003-10-07 2006-06-13 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display with thermal control
US8319759B2 (en) 2003-10-08 2012-11-27 E Ink Corporation Electrowetting displays
EP1671304B1 (en) * 2003-10-08 2008-08-20 E Ink Corporation Electro-wetting displays
US7572394B2 (en) * 2003-11-04 2009-08-11 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic dispersions
US7277218B2 (en) 2003-11-04 2007-10-02 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic compositions
US8257614B2 (en) 2003-11-04 2012-09-04 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic dispersions
US8177942B2 (en) * 2003-11-05 2012-05-15 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
EP1680774B9 (en) * 2003-11-05 2018-05-16 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium for electro-optic displays
US7672040B2 (en) * 2003-11-05 2010-03-02 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US20110164301A1 (en) 2003-11-05 2011-07-07 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US7551346B2 (en) * 2003-11-05 2009-06-23 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US8928562B2 (en) * 2003-11-25 2015-01-06 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same
EP1697786A4 (en) 2003-11-26 2008-09-24 E Ink Corp ELECTROOPTICAL DISPLAYS WITH REDUCED RESISTANCE
US7279064B2 (en) * 2003-12-18 2007-10-09 Palo Alto Research Center, Incorporated Method of sealing an array of cell microstructures using microencapsulated adhesive
US7206119B2 (en) * 2003-12-31 2007-04-17 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and method for driving same
US7075703B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2006-07-11 E Ink Corporation Process for sealing electro-optic displays
JP4294509B2 (ja) * 2004-02-10 2009-07-15 アルパイン株式会社 ナビゲーション装置、経路探索方法およびプログラム
US7504050B2 (en) * 2004-02-23 2009-03-17 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Modification of electrical properties of display cells for improving electrophoretic display performance
US7388572B2 (en) * 2004-02-27 2008-06-17 E Ink Corporation Backplanes for electro-optic displays
US7492339B2 (en) * 2004-03-26 2009-02-17 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays
US8289250B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2012-10-16 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US20050253777A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-11-17 E Ink Corporation Tiled displays and methods for driving same
FR2872590B1 (fr) 2004-07-02 2006-10-27 Essilor Int Procede de realisation d'un verre ophtalmique et composant optique adapte pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
AU2005268735B2 (en) 2004-07-02 2011-04-14 Essilor International Method for producing a transparent optical element, an optical component involved into said method and the thus obtained optical element
WO2006015044A1 (en) 2004-07-27 2006-02-09 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays
US20080136774A1 (en) 2004-07-27 2008-06-12 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces
US11250794B2 (en) 2004-07-27 2022-02-15 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces
US20060033676A1 (en) * 2004-08-10 2006-02-16 Kenneth Faase Display device
US7301693B2 (en) * 2004-08-13 2007-11-27 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Direct drive display with a multi-layer backplane and process for its manufacture
US7453445B2 (en) 2004-08-13 2008-11-18 E Ink Corproation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
TWI303728B (en) * 2004-11-12 2008-12-01 Ind Tech Res Inst Flexible color display with wide view angle and method for manufacturing the same
US7042614B1 (en) 2004-11-17 2006-05-09 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Spatial light modulator
TWI279614B (en) * 2004-11-19 2007-04-21 Ind Tech Res Inst Method and apparatus for processing a flexible liquid crystal display
US7304780B2 (en) * 2004-12-17 2007-12-04 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Backplane design for display panels and processes for their manufacture
US7230751B2 (en) * 2005-01-26 2007-06-12 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic displays using gaseous fluids
US8576162B2 (en) * 2005-03-14 2013-11-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Manufacturing processes of backplane for segment displays
KR100631291B1 (ko) 2005-04-08 2006-10-04 주식회사 동진쎄미켐 전계 구동 반사형 표시 장치
US20060280912A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Rong-Chang Liang Non-random array anisotropic conductive film (ACF) and manufacturing processes
US8802214B2 (en) 2005-06-13 2014-08-12 Trillion Science, Inc. Non-random array anisotropic conductive film (ACF) and manufacturing processes
FR2888947B1 (fr) 2005-07-20 2007-10-12 Essilor Int Composant optique a cellules
FR2888950B1 (fr) 2005-07-20 2007-10-12 Essilor Int Composant optique transparent pixellise a parois absordantes son procede de fabrication et son utilisation dans la farication d'un element optique transparent
FR2888951B1 (fr) 2005-07-20 2008-02-08 Essilor Int Composant optique pixellise aleatoirement, son procede de fabrication, et son utilisation dans la fabrication d'un element optique transparent
US7880958B2 (en) * 2005-09-23 2011-02-01 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display cell structure and electrode protecting layer compositions
US8441432B2 (en) * 2005-09-23 2013-05-14 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display cell structure and electrode protecting layer compositions
US7408699B2 (en) * 2005-09-28 2008-08-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and methods of addressing such display
WO2007048096A2 (en) 2005-10-18 2007-04-26 E Ink Corporation Components for electro-optic displays
US20080043318A1 (en) 2005-10-18 2008-02-21 E Ink Corporation Color electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof
US20070091417A1 (en) * 2005-10-25 2007-04-26 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic media and displays with improved binder
JP5194355B2 (ja) * 2005-11-25 2013-05-08 富士ゼロックス株式会社 表示媒体及び表示方法
US20090215346A1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2009-08-27 Han-Sik Kim Method for Fabricating Micro Pixel Liquid Crystal Display
US8390301B2 (en) * 2006-03-08 2013-03-05 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof
US7733554B2 (en) 2006-03-08 2010-06-08 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof
US7843624B2 (en) * 2006-03-08 2010-11-30 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof
US8610988B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2013-12-17 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with edge seal
US7952790B2 (en) 2006-03-22 2011-05-31 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic media produced using ink jet printing
FR2901367B1 (fr) 2006-05-17 2008-10-17 Essilor Int Realisation d'un element optique transparent comprenant une substance contenue dans des cellules
US7903319B2 (en) * 2006-07-11 2011-03-08 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium and display with improved image stability
US8018640B2 (en) * 2006-07-13 2011-09-13 E Ink Corporation Particles for use in electrophoretic displays
US20080024429A1 (en) * 2006-07-25 2008-01-31 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic displays using gaseous fluids
US7926758B2 (en) * 2006-07-31 2011-04-19 Industrial Technology Research Institute Apparatus and system for roll-to-roll processing
US7492497B2 (en) * 2006-08-02 2009-02-17 E Ink Corporation Multi-layer light modulator
EP2064589A4 (en) 2006-09-18 2010-06-09 E Ink Corp COLOR ELECTRO-OPTIC SCREENS
US7477444B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2009-01-13 E Ink Corporation & Air Products And Chemical, Inc. Electro-optic display and materials for use therein
US7986450B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2011-07-26 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display and materials for use therein
TW200835995A (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-09-01 Cbrite Inc Electro-optic display
US7923488B2 (en) * 2006-10-16 2011-04-12 Trillion Science, Inc. Epoxy compositions
US7905977B2 (en) * 2006-11-17 2011-03-15 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Post conversion methods for display devices
US7649666B2 (en) * 2006-12-07 2010-01-19 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
US20100035377A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2010-02-11 Cbrite Inc. Transfer Coating Method
US8501272B2 (en) 2006-12-22 2013-08-06 Cospheric Llc Hemispherical coating method for micro-elements
US7688497B2 (en) * 2007-01-22 2010-03-30 E Ink Corporation Multi-layer sheet for use in electro-optic displays
CN101836167B (zh) 2007-01-22 2013-11-06 伊英克公司 用在电光显示器中的多层板
US7826129B2 (en) * 2007-03-06 2010-11-02 E Ink Corporation Materials for use in electrophoretic displays
EP2074478B1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2015-02-18 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Display element, image display device, and image display system
JP5282363B2 (ja) * 2007-03-08 2013-09-04 株式会社リコー 表示素子、画像表示装置及び画像表示システム
US10319313B2 (en) * 2007-05-21 2019-06-11 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving video electro-optic displays
US9199441B2 (en) * 2007-06-28 2015-12-01 E Ink Corporation Processes for the production of electro-optic displays, and color filters for use therein
US8034209B2 (en) * 2007-06-29 2011-10-11 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof
TW200907469A (en) * 2007-08-14 2009-02-16 Ind Tech Res Inst Display panel and fabricating method thereof
US20090122389A1 (en) 2007-11-14 2009-05-14 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic assemblies, and adhesives and binders for use therein
JP2011517490A (ja) * 2008-03-21 2011-06-09 イー インク コーポレイション 電子光学ディスプレイおよびカラーフィルタ
US8373649B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2013-02-12 Seiko Epson Corporation Time-overlapping partial-panel updating of a bistable electro-optic display
JP5904791B2 (ja) 2008-04-11 2016-04-20 イー インク コーポレイション 電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法
CN102027528B (zh) 2008-04-14 2014-08-27 伊英克公司 用于驱动电光显示器的方法
US8068271B2 (en) * 2008-10-22 2011-11-29 Cospheric Llc Rotating element transmissive displays
EP2370529B1 (en) * 2008-12-30 2018-12-05 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Electronic inks and displays and image displaying methods
TWI484273B (zh) * 2009-02-09 2015-05-11 E Ink Corp 電泳粒子
US8098418B2 (en) * 2009-03-03 2012-01-17 E. Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and color filters for use therein
US8049954B2 (en) * 2009-06-05 2011-11-01 Cospheric Llc Color rotating element displays
FI20095743A0 (fi) 2009-06-30 2009-06-30 Maricap Oy Järjestelmä opastamiseksi ohjaamiseksi ja varoittamiseksi
TW201102735A (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-16 Wintek Corp Display medium and electrophoretic display
KR101608255B1 (ko) * 2009-08-07 2016-04-04 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 표시장치의 제조방법
JP5859447B2 (ja) 2009-10-28 2016-02-10 イー インク コーポレイション タッチセンサを有する電気光学ディスプレイ
US8654436B1 (en) 2009-10-30 2014-02-18 E Ink Corporation Particles for use in electrophoretic displays
US9620066B2 (en) 2010-02-02 2017-04-11 E Ink Corporation Method for driving electro-optic displays
JP5448898B2 (ja) * 2010-02-10 2014-03-19 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示シートの製造方法
KR101123952B1 (ko) * 2010-03-15 2012-03-23 한국생산기술연구원 절연층을 포함하는 전자종이 디스플레이 장치
WO2011123847A2 (en) 2010-04-02 2011-10-06 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic media
TWI591604B (zh) 2010-04-09 2017-07-11 電子墨水股份有限公司 用於驅動電光顯示器的方法
TWI484275B (zh) 2010-05-21 2015-05-11 E Ink Corp 光電顯示器及其驅動方法、微型空腔電泳顯示器
KR101495414B1 (ko) 2010-06-02 2015-02-24 이 잉크 코포레이션 컬러 전기-광학 디스플레이
JP5732987B2 (ja) 2010-08-13 2015-06-10 富士ゼロックス株式会社 表示媒体の製造方法、表示媒体、及び表示装置
WO2012074792A1 (en) 2010-11-30 2012-06-07 E Ink Corporation Multi-color electrophoretic displays
US8873129B2 (en) 2011-04-07 2014-10-28 E Ink Corporation Tetrachromatic color filter array for reflective display
CN107748469B (zh) 2011-05-21 2021-07-16 伊英克公司 电光显示器
JP5793958B2 (ja) 2011-05-23 2015-10-14 セイコーエプソン株式会社 入力機能付表示装置
US9102851B2 (en) 2011-09-15 2015-08-11 Trillion Science, Inc. Microcavity carrier belt and method of manufacture
US9475963B2 (en) 2011-09-15 2016-10-25 Trillion Science, Inc. Fixed array ACFs with multi-tier partially embedded particle morphology and their manufacturing processes
EP2810273A4 (en) 2012-02-01 2015-12-23 E Ink Corp METHODS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRO-OPTICAL DISPLAYS
US11030936B2 (en) 2012-02-01 2021-06-08 E Ink Corporation Methods and apparatus for operating an electro-optic display in white mode
JP5919967B2 (ja) * 2012-04-02 2016-05-18 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気泳動表示装置及び電子機器
US11467466B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2022-10-11 E Ink Corporation Illumination systems for reflective displays
US10190743B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2019-01-29 E Ink Corporation Illumination systems for reflective displays
US10401668B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2019-09-03 E Ink California, Llc Display device with visually-distinguishable watermark area and non-watermark area
US9513743B2 (en) 2012-06-01 2016-12-06 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US10282033B2 (en) 2012-06-01 2019-05-07 E Ink Corporation Methods for updating electro-optic displays when drawing or writing on the display
WO2014018745A1 (en) 2012-07-27 2014-01-30 E Ink Corporation Processes for the production of electro-optic displays
US10037735B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2018-07-31 E Ink Corporation Active matrix display with dual driving modes
US9715155B1 (en) 2013-01-10 2017-07-25 E Ink Corporation Electrode structures for electro-optic displays
US9726957B2 (en) 2013-01-10 2017-08-08 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with controlled electrochemical reactions
US9436056B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2016-09-06 E Ink Corporation Color electro-optic displays
US9195111B2 (en) 2013-02-11 2015-11-24 E Ink Corporation Patterned electro-optic displays and processes for the production thereof
US9721495B2 (en) 2013-02-27 2017-08-01 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
WO2014134504A1 (en) 2013-03-01 2014-09-04 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US9352539B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2016-05-31 Trillion Science, Inc. Microcavity carrier with image enhancement for laser ablation
EP2997419B1 (en) 2013-05-14 2020-07-15 E Ink Corporation Method of driving a colored electrophoretic display
EP3327498B1 (en) * 2013-07-08 2021-09-01 Concord (Hk) International Education Limited Tir-modulated wide viewing angle display
US9620048B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2017-04-11 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
KR101879559B1 (ko) 2013-07-31 2018-07-17 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기 광학 디스플레이들을 구동하기 위한 방법들
KR20150062240A (ko) 2013-11-28 2015-06-08 (주)엘지하우시스 투과율 가변필름 및 이의 제조 방법
US9361836B1 (en) 2013-12-20 2016-06-07 E Ink Corporation Aggregate particles for use in electrophoretic color displays
CN109491173B (zh) 2014-01-17 2022-07-12 伊英克公司 具有双相电极层的电光显示器
EP3102638A4 (en) 2014-02-06 2017-09-27 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic particles and processes for the production thereof
US10317767B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2019-06-11 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display backplane structure with drive components and pixel electrodes on opposed surfaces
US9671635B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2017-06-06 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display backplane structures with drive components and pixel electrodes on opposed surfaces
US10446585B2 (en) 2014-03-17 2019-10-15 E Ink Corporation Multi-layer expanding electrode structures for backplane assemblies
US9506243B1 (en) 2014-03-20 2016-11-29 E Ink Corporation Thermally-responsive film
US9953588B1 (en) 2014-03-25 2018-04-24 E Ink Corporation Nano-particle based variable transmission devices
US9612430B2 (en) * 2014-06-30 2017-04-04 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Method of manufacturing an electrowetting device
US10657869B2 (en) 2014-09-10 2020-05-19 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving color electrophoretic displays
PL3191892T3 (pl) 2014-09-10 2020-06-29 E Ink Corporation Kolorowe wyświetlacze elektroforetyczne
EP3198861A4 (en) 2014-09-26 2018-04-11 E Ink Corporation Color sets for low resolution dithering in reflective color displays
WO2016060959A1 (en) 2014-10-17 2016-04-21 E Ink California, Llc Composition and process for sealing microcells
ES2959493T3 (es) 2014-11-07 2024-02-26 E Ink Corp Baldosa electroóptica
WO2016111995A1 (en) 2015-01-05 2016-07-14 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same
US10197883B2 (en) 2015-01-05 2019-02-05 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same
US9928810B2 (en) 2015-01-30 2018-03-27 E Ink Corporation Font control for electro-optic displays and related apparatus and methods
EP3254276A4 (en) 2015-02-04 2018-07-11 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with reduced remnant voltage, and related apparatus and methods
WO2016126963A1 (en) 2015-02-04 2016-08-11 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays displaying in dark mode and light mode, and related apparatus and methods
JP6527587B2 (ja) 2015-02-17 2019-06-05 イー インク コーポレイション 電気光学ディスプレイのための電磁気的書き込み装置
EP3259641B1 (en) 2015-02-18 2020-07-08 E Ink Corporation Addressable electro-optic display
KR20160117783A (ko) * 2015-03-31 2016-10-11 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 액정 표시 장치 및 그 제조 방법
US10040954B2 (en) 2015-05-28 2018-08-07 E Ink California, Llc Electrophoretic medium comprising a mixture of charge control agents
EP3314328B1 (en) 2015-06-29 2021-03-03 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display device and method of manufacturing thereof
ES2974101T3 (es) 2015-06-30 2024-06-25 E Ink Corp Pantallas electroforéticas compuestas
CN112859476B (zh) 2015-07-23 2024-06-14 伊英克公司 用于电光介质的聚合物制剂
US11287718B2 (en) 2015-08-04 2022-03-29 E Ink Corporation Reusable display addressable with incident light
WO2017049020A1 (en) 2015-09-16 2017-03-23 E Ink Corporation Apparatus and methods for driving displays
US10803813B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2020-10-13 E Ink Corporation Apparatus and methods for driving displays
US11657774B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2023-05-23 E Ink Corporation Apparatus and methods for driving displays
WO2017059011A1 (en) 2015-09-30 2017-04-06 E Ink Corporation Polyurethane adhesive layers for electro-optic assemblies
JP2018526685A (ja) 2015-10-01 2018-09-13 イー インク コーポレイション 可変色および透過性被覆材
CN108138038B (zh) 2015-10-06 2020-10-09 伊英克公司 改善的低温电泳介质
CN105137666A (zh) * 2015-10-10 2015-12-09 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 显示面板及显示装置
US10087344B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2018-10-02 E Ink Corporation Methods for sealing microcell containers with phenethylamine mixtures
ES2848473T3 (es) 2015-11-11 2021-08-09 E Ink Corp Pigmentos de quinacridona funcionalizados
US10795233B2 (en) 2015-11-18 2020-10-06 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays
US10209530B2 (en) 2015-12-07 2019-02-19 E Ink Corporation Three-dimensional display
WO2017123581A1 (en) 2016-01-17 2017-07-20 E Ink California, Llc Branched polyol additives for electrophoretic media
WO2017123570A1 (en) 2016-01-17 2017-07-20 E Ink California, Llc Surfactants for improving electrophoretic media performance
KR102250635B1 (ko) 2016-02-08 2021-05-10 이 잉크 코포레이션 화이트 모드에서 전기-광학 디스플레이를 동작시키기 위한 방법들 및 장치들
US10254620B1 (en) 2016-03-08 2019-04-09 E Ink Corporation Encapsulated photoelectrophoretic display
US10593272B2 (en) 2016-03-09 2020-03-17 E Ink Corporation Drivers providing DC-balanced refresh sequences for color electrophoretic displays
WO2017156254A1 (en) 2016-03-09 2017-09-14 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
WO2017184816A1 (en) 2016-04-22 2017-10-26 E Ink Corporation Foldable electro-optic display apparatus
US10545622B2 (en) 2016-05-20 2020-01-28 E Ink Corporation Magnetically-responsive display including a recording layer configured for local and global write/erase
US10527899B2 (en) 2016-05-31 2020-01-07 E Ink Corporation Backplanes for electro-optic displays
EP3465338B1 (en) 2016-05-31 2020-06-17 E Ink Corporation Stretchable electro-optic displays
CN114637152B (zh) 2016-06-10 2025-10-17 伊英克公司 电光显示设备
US10146261B2 (en) 2016-08-08 2018-12-04 E Ink Corporation Wearable apparatus having a flexible electrophoretic display
KR102101146B1 (ko) * 2016-11-10 2020-05-15 주식회사 엘지화학 전도성 필름 및 그 제조방법
US10254622B2 (en) 2017-02-15 2019-04-09 E Ink California, Llc Polymer additives used in color electrophoretic display medium
EP3590111B1 (en) 2017-03-03 2024-10-16 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays and driving methods
CN112259034B (zh) 2017-03-06 2024-04-23 伊英克公司 用于呈现彩色影像的方法和设备
CA3164867C (en) 2017-03-09 2024-01-30 E Ink Corporation Drivers providing dc-balanced refresh sequences for color electrophoretic displays
US10585325B2 (en) 2017-03-09 2020-03-10 E Ink California, Llc Photo-thermally induced polymerization inhibitors for electrophoretic media
US10444592B2 (en) 2017-03-09 2019-10-15 E Ink Corporation Methods and systems for transforming RGB image data to a reduced color set for electro-optic displays
KR102531228B1 (ko) 2017-04-04 2023-05-10 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기 광학 디스플레이들을 구동하기 위한 방법들
US11404013B2 (en) 2017-05-30 2022-08-02 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with resistors for discharging remnant charges
WO2018222638A1 (en) 2017-05-30 2018-12-06 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays
US10802373B1 (en) 2017-06-26 2020-10-13 E Ink Corporation Reflective microcells for electrophoretic displays and methods of making the same
US10921676B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2021-02-16 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium
US11721295B2 (en) 2017-09-12 2023-08-08 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same
EP3682440B1 (en) 2017-09-12 2024-11-06 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US10698265B1 (en) 2017-10-06 2020-06-30 E Ink California, Llc Quantum dot film
EP3743909A4 (en) 2018-01-22 2021-08-18 E Ink Corporation ELECTRO-OPTICAL DISPLAYS AND PROCEDURES FOR CONTROLLING THEM
JP2021514073A (ja) 2018-02-15 2021-06-03 イー インク コーポレイション Ｔワイヤと画素電極との間の減少した容量結合を伴う狭額縁電気光学ディスプレイバックプレーンのためのビアの設置
EP3785075B1 (en) 2018-04-23 2023-06-07 E Ink Corporation Nano-particle based variable transmission devices
EP4343420A3 (en) 2018-05-17 2024-05-01 E Ink Corporation Method of producing a piezo electrophoretic display
JP7190515B2 (ja) 2018-06-28 2022-12-15 イー インク コーポレイション 可変透過電気泳動媒質の駆動方法
US11789330B2 (en) 2018-07-17 2023-10-17 E Ink California, Llc Electro-optic displays and driving methods
US11314098B2 (en) 2018-08-10 2022-04-26 E Ink California, Llc Switchable light-collimating layer with reflector
US11397366B2 (en) 2018-08-10 2022-07-26 E Ink California, Llc Switchable light-collimating layer including bistable electrophoretic fluid
KR102521144B1 (ko) 2018-08-10 2023-04-12 이 잉크 캘리포니아 엘엘씨 쌍안정 전기영동 유체를 포함하는 전환가능한 광 시준층에 대한 구동 파형들
ES2994473T3 (en) 2018-08-14 2025-01-24 E Ink Corp Piezo electrophoretic display
CN118348719A (zh) 2018-11-09 2024-07-16 伊英克公司 电光显示器
KR102542696B1 (ko) 2018-11-30 2023-06-13 이 잉크 캘리포니아 엘엘씨 전기 광학 디스플레이들 및 구동 방법들
CN113056703B (zh) 2018-11-30 2024-06-14 伊英克公司 包含电泳材料的压敏书写介质
CN113168005B (zh) 2018-12-13 2023-05-02 伊英克公司 用于反射显示器的照明系统
WO2020132362A1 (en) 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 E Ink Corporation Sub-threshold addressing and erasing in a magneto-electrophoretic writing medium
US11521565B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2022-12-06 E Ink Corporation Crosstalk reduction for electro-optic displays
CA3119532C (en) 2018-12-30 2023-06-27 E Ink California, Llc Electro-optic displays
CN113748379B (zh) 2019-05-07 2024-06-11 伊英克公司 可变光透射装置的驱动方法
US11460722B2 (en) 2019-05-10 2022-10-04 E Ink Corporation Colored electrophoretic displays
US12195586B2 (en) 2019-05-10 2025-01-14 E Ink Corporation Charge control agents and particle dispersions including the same
US11086417B2 (en) 2019-08-08 2021-08-10 E Ink Corporation Stylus for addressing magnetically-actuated display medium
CN114641820B (zh) 2019-11-14 2024-01-05 伊英克公司 用于驱动电光显示器的方法
EP4062396A4 (en) 2019-11-18 2023-12-06 E Ink Corporation METHODS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTROOPTICAL DISPLAY DEVICES
GB2593150A (en) 2020-03-05 2021-09-22 Vlyte Ltd A light modulator having bonded structures embedded in its viewing area
JP7629031B2 (ja) 2020-05-31 2025-02-12 イー インク コーポレイション 電気光学ディスプレイおよびそれを駆動するための方法
CA3177451A1 (en) 2020-06-11 2021-12-16 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same
JP7656023B2 (ja) 2020-07-22 2025-04-02 イー インク コーポレイション 統合された伝導性縁シールを備える電気光学デバイスおよびその生産方法
KR102797902B1 (ko) 2020-08-31 2025-04-17 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기 광학 디스플레이들 및 구동 방법들
US12181767B2 (en) 2020-09-15 2024-12-31 E Ink Corporation Five-particle electrophoretic medium with improved black optical state
US11846863B2 (en) 2020-09-15 2023-12-19 E Ink Corporation Coordinated top electrode—drive electrode voltages for switching optical state of electrophoretic displays using positive and negative voltages of different magnitudes
CA3188075A1 (en) 2020-09-15 2022-03-24 Stephen J. Telfer Four particle electrophoretic medium providing fast, high-contrast optical state switching
CA3189174A1 (en) 2020-09-15 2022-03-24 Stephen J. Telfer Improved driving voltages for advanced color electrophoretic displays and displays with improved driving voltages
US11450262B2 (en) 2020-10-01 2022-09-20 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same
JP7629092B2 (ja) 2020-11-02 2025-02-12 イー インク コーポレイション 多色電気泳動ディスプレイにおいて原色組を達成するための強化プッシュプル（ｅｐｐ）波形
CN116490916B (zh) 2020-11-02 2026-01-27 伊英克公司 用于在电泳显示器的部分更新期间减少图像伪影的方法
US11756494B2 (en) 2020-11-02 2023-09-12 E Ink Corporation Driving sequences to remove prior state information from color electrophoretic displays
JP7545588B2 (ja) 2020-12-08 2024-09-04 イー インク コーポレイション 電気光学ディスプレイを駆動するための方法
KR102809890B1 (ko) 2021-02-09 2025-05-19 이 잉크 코포레이션 멀티 컬러 전기영동 디스플레이들에서의 연속 파형 구동
US12468182B2 (en) 2021-04-16 2025-11-11 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic display with low profile edge seal
CN117296093A (zh) 2021-04-29 2023-12-26 伊英克公司 用于四粒子电泳显示器的解聚驱动序列
US11580920B2 (en) 2021-05-25 2023-02-14 E Ink California, Llc Synchronized driving waveforms for four-particle electrophoretic displays
JP7688775B2 (ja) 2021-07-29 2025-06-04 イー インク コーポレイション 残留電圧を解放するためのオーム伝導性蓄電コンデンサを伴う電気光学ディスプレイ
KR102815306B1 (ko) 2021-08-18 2025-05-29 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기-광학 디스플레이들을 구동하기 위한 방법들
WO2023043714A1 (en) 2021-09-14 2023-03-23 E Ink Corporation Coordinated top electrode - drive electrode voltages for switching optical state of electrophoretic displays using positive and negative voltages of different magnitudes
CN118043735A (zh) 2021-09-27 2024-05-14 伊英克公司 在开启状态下具有降低的衍射的电泳粒子膜
US11830448B2 (en) 2021-11-04 2023-11-28 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US12339559B1 (en) 2021-12-09 2025-06-24 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays and methods for discharging remnant voltage using backlight
KR102866292B1 (ko) 2021-12-22 2025-09-29 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기 광학 디스플레이들을 구동하기 위한 방법들
EP4453649A1 (en) 2021-12-22 2024-10-30 E Ink Corporation High voltage driving using top plane switching with zero voltage frames between driving frames
WO2023129533A1 (en) 2021-12-27 2023-07-06 E Ink Corporation Methods for measuring electrical properties of electro-optic displays
KR102884254B1 (ko) 2021-12-30 2025-11-10 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기 광학 디스플레이를 구동하는 방법
WO2023132958A1 (en) 2022-01-04 2023-07-13 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic media comprising electrophoretic particles and a combination of charge control agents
EP4483238A1 (en) 2022-02-25 2025-01-01 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with edge seal components and methods of making the same
US20230273495A1 (en) 2022-02-28 2023-08-31 E Ink California, Llc Piezo-electrophoretic film including patterned piezo polarities for creating images via electrophoretic media
US12190730B2 (en) 2022-02-28 2025-01-07 E Ink Corporation Parking space management system
MX2024010481A (es) 2022-02-28 2024-09-05 E Ink Corp Peliculas piezoelectricas que incluyen liquidos ionicos y metodos de fabricacion de peliculas piezoelectricas que incluyen liquidos ionicos.
US11830449B2 (en) 2022-03-01 2023-11-28 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays
WO2023200859A1 (en) 2022-04-13 2023-10-19 E Ink Corporation Display material including patterned areas of encapsulated electrophoretic media
WO2023211867A1 (en) 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 E Ink Corporation Color displays configured to convert rgb image data for display on advanced color electronic paper
US20230350263A1 (en) 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display stacks with segmented electrodes and methods of making the same
CN119698651A (zh) 2022-08-25 2025-03-25 伊英克公司 在电泳显示器的全局色彩模式和直接更新模式之间切换时用于冲激平衡的转变驱动模式
TW202424949A (zh) 2022-10-25 2024-06-16 美商電子墨水股份有限公司 驅動電光顯示器的方法
WO2024145318A1 (en) 2022-12-30 2024-07-04 E Ink Corporation A variable light transmission device and a method of operation of the same
JP2025539512A (ja) 2022-12-30 2025-12-05 イー インク コーポレイション 可変光透過デバイスおよびそれを製造する方法
JP2025539513A (ja) 2022-12-30 2025-12-05 イー インク コーポレイション ２つのタイプの荷電された顔料粒子を含む電気泳動媒体を備えている可変光透過デバイス
US12190836B2 (en) 2023-01-27 2025-01-07 E Ink Corporation Multi-element pixel electrode circuits for electro-optic displays and methods for driving the same
AU2024228592A1 (en) 2023-02-28 2025-07-24 E Ink Corporation Drive scheme for improved color gamut in color electrophoretic displays
KR20250127331A (ko) 2023-03-24 2025-08-26 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기 광학 디스플레이 구동 방법
US20240402562A1 (en) 2023-06-05 2024-12-05 E Ink Corporation Color electrophoretic medium having four pigment particle system addressable by waveforms having four voltage levels
CN120883271A (zh) 2023-06-27 2025-10-31 伊英克公司 用于多粒子电泳显示器的提供低闪光图像更新的时移波形
US12406631B2 (en) 2023-06-27 2025-09-02 E Ink Corporation Multi-particle electrophoretic display having low-flash image updates
KR20250143118A (ko) 2023-06-27 2025-09-30 이 잉크 코포레이션 주변 광 센서와 적응형 백색도 복원 및 컬러 밸런싱 전면광을 갖는 전기 영동 장치
WO2025019101A1 (en) 2023-07-18 2025-01-23 E Ink Corporation Switchable electrophoretic light modulator having reduced aperture diffraction
US20250053058A1 (en) 2023-08-08 2025-02-13 E Ink Corporation Backplanes for segmented electro-optic displays and methods of manufacturing same
US20250060333A1 (en) 2023-08-16 2025-02-20 E Ink Corporation Devices, methods, and systems for visualizing electrowetting pathing using electrophoretic materials
CN121444009A (zh) 2023-08-29 2026-01-30 伊英克公司 压电电泳膜和显示器及其制造方法
US20250076688A1 (en) 2023-08-30 2025-03-06 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic device having electrophoretic medium comprising an organic electroactive compound
US12456436B2 (en) 2023-10-05 2025-10-28 E Ink Corporation Staged gate voltage control
US20250116908A1 (en) 2023-10-06 2025-04-10 E Ink Corporation Large-area electro-optic light modulator or display
WO2025096239A1 (en) 2023-10-30 2025-05-08 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with an electro-optic material layer having a binder comprising a polymer with a quaternary ammonium group and a method for manufacturing the same
WO2025096260A1 (en) 2023-10-31 2025-05-08 E Ink Corporation A color electro-optic display comprising a light fastness additive
US20250138382A1 (en) 2023-10-31 2025-05-01 E Ink Corporation Reflective display and projected capacitive touch sensor with shared transparent electrode
US20250191547A1 (en) 2023-12-06 2025-06-12 E Ink Corporation Method of driving a color electophoretic display to form images without dithering
WO2025128843A1 (en) 2023-12-15 2025-06-19 E Ink Corporation Fast response color waveforms for multiparticle electrophoretic displays
WO2025136583A1 (en) 2023-12-20 2025-06-26 E Ink Corporation Driving sequences for multi-particle electrophoretic displays providing improved color states
WO2025136446A1 (en) 2023-12-22 2025-06-26 E Ink Corporation Five-particle electrophoretic medium with improved black optical state
US20250216738A1 (en) 2023-12-31 2025-07-03 E Ink Corporation High Contrast Piezo-Electrophoretic Displays and Methods of Making the Same
WO2025147410A2 (en) 2024-01-02 2025-07-10 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic media comprising a cationic charge control agent
WO2025147504A1 (en) 2024-01-05 2025-07-10 E Ink Corporation An electrophoretic medium comprising particles having a pigment core and a polymeric shell
US20250224646A1 (en) 2024-01-08 2025-07-10 E Ink Corporation Adhesive Layer Comprising Conductive Filler Particles and a Polymeric Dispersant
US20250237922A1 (en) 2024-01-19 2025-07-24 E Ink Corporation Flexible segmented electro-optic displays and methods of manufacture
WO2025155697A1 (en) 2024-01-20 2025-07-24 E Ink Corporation Methods for delivering low-ghosting partial updates in color electrophoretic displays
US20250239232A1 (en) 2024-01-24 2025-07-24 E Ink Corporation Methods for producing full-color epaper images with low grain
US20250278006A1 (en) 2024-02-29 2025-09-04 E Ink Corporation Wave switching for electro-optic displays
US20250284171A1 (en) 2024-03-06 2025-09-11 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with color filter arrays for reducing visible texture patterns in displayed images
WO2025198932A1 (en) 2024-03-19 2025-09-25 E Ink Corporation Methods and systems for managing remnant voltage during fast updates in electrophoretic displays
WO2025230802A1 (en) 2024-04-30 2025-11-06 E Ink Corporation A variable light transmission device comprising microcells
WO2025230991A1 (en) 2024-04-30 2025-11-06 E Ink Corporation Piezo-electrophoretic films and displays, and methods for manufacturing the same
US20250356813A1 (en) 2024-05-14 2025-11-20 E Ink Corporation Methods and systems for gray component replacement in color electrophoretic display devices
US20250370306A1 (en) 2024-05-30 2025-12-04 E Ink Corporation Chemically-Resistant Multi-Layered Electro-Optic Device and a Method of Making the Same
WO2025260003A1 (en) 2024-06-13 2025-12-18 E Ink Corporation Microcells for electrophoretic displays and methods of preparing the same
US20260003243A1 (en) 2024-06-26 2026-01-01 E Ink Corporation Variable light transmission device comprising microcells
US20260003241A1 (en) 2024-06-26 2026-01-01 E Ink Corporation Variable light transmission device comprising microcells
US20260003242A1 (en) 2024-06-26 2026-01-01 E Ink Corporation A variable light transmission device comprising microcells
US20260031061A1 (en) 2024-07-23 2026-01-29 E Ink Corporation Methods and systems using barycentric coordinates for color enhancement in images rendered on electrophoretic displays

Family Cites Families (56)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612758A (en) 1969-10-03 1971-10-12 Xerox Corp Color display device
US3668106A (en) * 1970-04-09 1972-06-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd Electrophoretic display device
US3689346A (en) 1970-09-29 1972-09-05 Rowland Dev Corp Method for producing retroreflective material
US3928671A (en) 1973-11-12 1975-12-23 Hughes Aircraft Co Process for fabricating a solid state, thin film field sustained conductivity device
US4093534A (en) 1974-02-12 1978-06-06 Plessey Handel Und Investments Ag Working fluids for electrophoretic image display devices
US3885964A (en) * 1974-05-31 1975-05-27 Du Pont Photoimaging process using nitroso dimer
US4071430A (en) 1976-12-06 1978-01-31 North American Philips Corporation Electrophoretic image display having an improved switching time
US4285801A (en) 1979-09-20 1981-08-25 Xerox Corporation Electrophoretic display composition
JPS57104116A (en) 1980-12-19 1982-06-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrochromic display body
JPS5917930A (ja) 1982-07-22 1984-01-30 佐々木　力 中空球形魚礁の製法
US4741604A (en) * 1985-02-01 1988-05-03 Kornfeld Cary D Electrode arrays for cellular displays
US4741988A (en) * 1985-05-08 1988-05-03 U.S. Philips Corp. Patterned polyimide film, a photosensitive polyamide acid derivative and an electrophoretic image-display cell
US4680103A (en) 1986-01-24 1987-07-14 Epid. Inc. Positive particles in electrophoretic display device composition
US4891245A (en) 1986-03-21 1990-01-02 Koh-I-Noor Rapidograph, Inc. Electrophoretic display particles and a process for their preparation
JP2551783B2 (ja) 1987-09-29 1996-11-06 エヌオーケー株式会社 電気泳動表示装置
JP2733678B2 (ja) 1989-02-25 1998-03-30 エヌオーケー株式会社 電気泳動表示装置及びその製造法
JP2777728B2 (ja) 1989-04-26 1998-07-23 エヌオーケー株式会社 電気泳動表示装置及びその製造法
JPH0354742A (ja) * 1989-07-21 1991-03-08 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd 光ディスク、その製造方法および読み取り方法
WO1991011307A1 (fr) * 1990-01-25 1991-08-08 Dai Nippon Insatsu Kabushiki Kaisha Procede et matiere pour former des films epais textures
WO1993005425A1 (en) 1991-08-29 1993-03-18 Copytele, Inc. Electrophoretic display panel with internal mesh background screen
US5279511A (en) 1992-10-21 1994-01-18 Copytele, Inc. Method of filling an electrophoretic display
CA2162874A1 (en) * 1993-05-21 1994-12-08 Wei-Hsin Hou Methods of preparing electrophoretic dispersions containing two types of particles with different colors and opposite charges
CN1112361A (zh) 1993-06-08 1995-11-22 精工爱普生株式会社 凹凸图案复制用的模片与凹凸图案的复制方法
US5380362A (en) 1993-07-16 1995-01-10 Copytele, Inc. Suspension for use in electrophoretic image display systems
GB9320326D0 (en) 1993-10-01 1993-11-17 Ici Plc Organic optical components and preparation thereof
US5403518A (en) 1993-12-02 1995-04-04 Copytele, Inc. Formulations for improved electrophoretic display suspensions and related methods
US5699097A (en) * 1994-04-22 1997-12-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Display medium and method for display therewith
WO1995033085A1 (en) 1994-05-26 1995-12-07 Copytele, Inc. Fluorinated dielectric suspensions for electrophoretic image displays and related methods
JP3059360B2 (ja) 1995-06-28 2000-07-04 シャープ株式会社 液晶パネルの製造方法および製造用プレス装置
US6120588A (en) 1996-07-19 2000-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof
US6017584A (en) 1995-07-20 2000-01-25 E Ink Corporation Multi-color electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same
US6120839A (en) * 1995-07-20 2000-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-osmotic displays and materials for making the same
US5930026A (en) 1996-10-25 1999-07-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Nonemissive displays and piezoelectric power supplies therefor
US5942154A (en) 1996-10-28 1999-08-24 Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof
US5961804A (en) 1997-03-18 1999-10-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microencapsulated electrophoretic display
US5818625A (en) 1997-04-02 1998-10-06 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector
DE69805300T2 (de) 1997-06-12 2003-01-23 Papyron B.V., Groningen Substrat mit gerichteter leitfähigkeit senkrecht zu seiner oberfläche, vorrichtungen mit einem solchen substrat und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen substrates
US6166797A (en) 1997-08-08 2000-12-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Diffusion barrier layers with microstructured spacing members for liquid crystal display panel substrates
US6067185A (en) * 1997-08-28 2000-05-23 E Ink Corporation Process for creating an encapsulated electrophoretic display
US5914806A (en) 1998-02-11 1999-06-22 International Business Machines Corporation Stable electrophoretic particles for displays
EP1075670B1 (en) 1998-04-27 2008-12-17 E-Ink Corporation Shutter mode microencapsulated electrophoretic display
US6239896B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2001-05-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electrophotographic display device and driving method therefor
ATE349722T1 (de) 1998-07-08 2007-01-15 E Ink Corp Verbesserte farbige mikroverkapselte elektrophoretische anzeige
US6184856B1 (en) * 1998-09-16 2001-02-06 International Business Machines Corporation Transmissive electrophoretic display with laterally adjacent color cells
KR20000035416A (ko) 1998-11-13 2000-06-26 모리시타 요이찌 조광체, 광학적 소자 및 전기적 소자, 및 그 제조방법
WO2000036649A1 (en) 1998-12-11 2000-06-22 Zetfolie B.V. Method for producing a substrate with undirectional conductivity and display device using such a substrate in an anisotropic contact layer
US6312304B1 (en) 1998-12-15 2001-11-06 E Ink Corporation Assembly of microencapsulated electronic displays
US6514328B1 (en) * 1999-02-05 2003-02-04 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Marking ink composition and display medium using the same
AU4205400A (en) 1999-04-06 2000-10-23 E-Ink Corporation Microcell electrophoretic displays
JP2001056653A (ja) * 1999-06-11 2001-02-27 Ricoh Co Ltd 電気泳動表示用表示液、表示粒子及び、それらを利用した表示媒体、表示装置、表示方法、表示カード、記録シート、ディスプレイ、可逆表示型看板
DE19927359A1 (de) 1999-06-16 2000-12-21 Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh Elektrophoretische Displays aus lichtstreuenden Trägermaterialien
AU5779200A (en) 1999-07-01 2001-01-22 E-Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium provided with spacers
US6337761B1 (en) * 1999-10-01 2002-01-08 Lucent Technologies Inc. Electrophoretic display and method of making the same
US6933098B2 (en) 2000-01-11 2005-08-23 Sipix Imaging Inc. Process for roll-to-roll manufacture of a display by synchronized photolithographic exposure on a substrate web
JP4006925B2 (ja) 2000-05-30 2007-11-14 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気泳動表示装置の製造方法
US6795138B2 (en) 2001-01-11 2004-09-21 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display and novel process for its manufacture

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109188779A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-11 厦门天马微电子有限公司 背光模组及其制作方法、显示装置
CN109188779B (zh) * 2018-10-31 2021-07-16 厦门天马微电子有限公司 背光模组及其制作方法、显示装置
CN115685627A (zh) * 2022-10-31 2023-02-03 深圳歌德新创科技有限公司 一种反射式液晶显示面板及其制备方法和液晶显示器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100563427B1 (ko) 2006-03-22
WO2002001281A3 (en) 2003-08-07
TW567349B (en) 2003-12-21
JP2006259771A (ja) 2006-09-28
KR20030078626A (ko) 2003-10-08
CN1203353C (zh) 2005-05-25
WO2002001281A2 (en) 2002-01-03
JP2004509781A (ja) 2004-04-02
MXPA02012691A (es) 2003-04-25
WO2002001281A8 (en) 2002-03-28
WO2002001281A9 (en) 2003-10-09
AU2001268690A1 (en) 2002-01-08
JP3926740B2 (ja) 2007-06-06
CA2412380A1 (en) 2002-01-03
US6672921B1 (en) 2004-01-06
EP1352288A2 (en) 2003-10-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1203353C (zh) 制造电泳显示器的方法
CN1183414C (zh) 具有滤色器的改良的电泳显示器
CN1237140C (zh) 在辊对辊显示器制造过程中密封微型杯的组分及方法
EP1264210B1 (en) Electrophoretic display
CN1196020C (zh) 具有面内切换的改良的电泳显示器
JP2005509690A5 (zh)
CN1466013A (zh) 一种改良的电泳显示器及其新颖的制造方法
JP2004537756A5 (zh)
HK1055798A (zh) 制造电泳显示器的方法
HK1050929A (zh) 具有滤色器的改良的电泳显示器
HK1051578A (zh) 一种改进的电泳显示器及其新颖的制造方法
HK1050912A (zh) 在辊对辊显示器制造过程中密封微型杯的组分及方法
HK1051409A (zh) 具有高对比度和改进的抗剪切和/或抗压缩性能和局部凸起结构的改进的电泳显示器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: WD

Ref document number: 1055798

Country of ref document: HK

CX01 Expiry of patent term

Granted publication date: 20050525

CX01 Expiry of patent term