CN1431389A - Single Channel radial Drum type device for filtering small particles in tail gas of diesel cars - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-channel radial cylinder type diesel vehicle exhaust particulate filter device belonging to environmental protection equipment. It consists of installing a coarse filter plate and a fine filter plate on the packaging plate in the shell. When the gas exhausted by the engine enters from the intake channel and is discharged through the outlet channel, the particles of the exhaust gas are captured by the filter plate and purified. prevent its pollution to the environment. The structure of the invention is simple and practical, and the tail gas purification effect is good, so it is a good product worthy of vigorous promotion.

Description

Single-channel radial cylindrical diesel vehicle exhaust particulate filter device

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the scope of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a single-channel radial cylindrical diesel vehicle exhaust particle filter device for diesel vehicle exhaust purification.

Background technique

Although the diesel engine came out later than the gasoline engine, it is widely used in various power devices due to its good power, economy and durability. However, the pollution caused by diesel exhaust particulate emissions has become a bottleneck restricting the further application of diesel engines. At present, diesel particulate filter (hereinafter referred to as DPF) is recognized as an effective after-treatment technology. middle. When the particles accumulate to a certain extent, they are removed by combustion and other means so that the filter can continue to be used, which is the so-called regeneration.

The most widely used and researched filter structure at present is the wall flow structure. The overall filter body is in the shape of a multi-channel honeycomb, and then the parallel channels are blocked alternately. There are already standardized products of this structure in foreign countries. However, the wall-flow structure itself is a rigid structure, and there is no room for flexibility and expansion when it is impacted by external forces. In addition, diesel engine exhaust has to go through a process of diffusing and passing through porous media, and in this process, particles are continuously deposited, which makes the wall-flow structure cause relatively large back pressure loss, that is, the impact force on the channel wall is relatively large . Therefore, in addition to causing a large back pressure loss, the structure of the wall-flow filter body also requires relatively high mechanical strength of the medium material.

There is also an axial filter type filter body structure, the exhaust gas of the diesel engine enters through the inlet, passes through the filter medium along the direction of the central axis, and is discharged through the outlet. The filter body of the axial filter type has a porous structure inside, with many small holes, and the diameter of the small holes is generally 0.2mm-2mm. Each small hole is connected with other small holes through an opening, forming many tortuous channels. This type of filter has much larger pores than the porous media used in the wall-flow filter. Due to the tortuous and complex channels in the filter body, it is difficult for the particles to travel a long distance, so they are mainly deposited at the front end of the filter body. This has caused a large amount of soot particles to accumulate at the inlet end of the filter body, causing blockage. The direct result of this is that the exhaust back pressure rises too fast, and regeneration has to be performed, which reduces the effective volume of the entire filter body on the one hand, and actually only uses a part of the front end of the filter body; on the other hand, frequent regeneration The process will shorten the service life of the filter body and increase energy consumption.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-channel radial cylinder type diesel vehicle exhaust particulate filter device for trapping and filtering the particulate matter in the diesel engine exhaust and reducing the environmental pollution caused by the particulate discharge. The device is composed of a conical cylinder, a casing and a filter layer of a composite mesh plate, and is characterized in that: the device is composed of an intake cone and an exhaust cone connected at both ends of the casing and a filter layer installed in the casing; the engine exhaust is The filter inlet enters, passes through the composite mesh plate, the particulate matter in the exhaust gas is intercepted and captured, and the filtered exhaust gas is discharged through the middle channel.

The filter layer is a coarse filter screen and a fine filter screen packaged on a circular plate, the positions of which can be reversed, and the air intake channel and the exhaust channel are also correspondingly exchanged.

The materials used for the composite screen include composite wire mesh filter materials, metal fiber felt filter materials, ceramic fiber felt filter materials and composite felt filter materials mixed with metal fibers and alumina fibers.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is to filter the exhaust gas of diesel vehicles through the thick and thin two-layer composite net plate in the cylindrical shell, trap the engine exhaust particles on the filter body, prevent them from entering the atmosphere, and purify them well It reduces the particulate matter in the exhaust of diesel vehicles, reduces environmental pollution, and is beneficial to people's health.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-channel radial cylindrical diesel vehicle exhaust particulate filter device.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-channel radial cylindrical diesel vehicle exhaust particulate filter device. The device is composed of an inlet cone 1 and an exhaust cone 8 connected to the two ends of the shell 4 and a filter layer installed in the shell. The coarse filter plate 5 is outside, and the fine filter plate 3 is concentrically fixed on the rear packaging circle. On the disc 7, the other end is fixed by the front encapsulation disc 9 in the position of the two-layer stencil, and seals the central channel opening at the air inlet end, and the outer circle 5 of the rear encapsulation disc and the exhaust port end of the shell 4 are connected together. The engine exhaust enters the outer channel 2 from the cone 1, and enters the fine filter plate 3 from the coarse filter plate 5, and is filtered by a metal composite plate or other types of composite filter materials. The composite filter material includes a composite wire mesh filter. Materials, metal fiber felt filter material, ceramic fiber felt filter material and composite felt filter material mixed with metal fiber and alumina fiber. The particulate matter in the exhaust is trapped on the coarse filter and the fine filter composite screen, and the filtered engine exhaust is discharged through the middle channel 6.

The positions of the coarse filter screen 5 and the fine filter screen 3 on the packaging discs 7 and 9 in FIG. 1 can be reversed, and the intake passage 1 and the exhaust passage 8 are also reversed accordingly.

Claims (3)

1. the filtrating equipment of a single channel circular radial cartridge type particulates in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, this device is made up of circular cone tube, shell and filter layer, it is characterized in that: engine exhaust enters from filter inlet, through compound web plate, particulate matter in the exhaust is trapped capture, and the exhaust after the filtration is discharged by middle passage again.

2. according to the filtrating equipment of the described single channel circular radial of claim 1 cartridge type particulates in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, it is characterized in that: described filter layer is that the coarse filtration web plate is encapsulated on the plectane with thin screen pack, its position can be exchanged, and the also corresponding thereupon exchange with the exhaust passage of gas-entered passageway.

3. according to the filtrating equipment of the described single channel circular radial of claim 1 cartridge type particulates in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, it is characterized in that: described compound web plate comprises the complex metal wire-mesh filtering material, the metal fiber felt filtering material, the composite felt filtering material of ceramic fiber blanket filtering material and steel fiber and alumina fibre shuffling.

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