Summary of the invention
Adopt explosive spray coating to be difficult for preparation ZrO in order to solve
2-Y
2O
3The technological difficulties of ceramic layer, the method that the object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of cost is low, easy to operate, powder deposition speed height, anchoring strength of coating height, detonation flame spraying that thickness is big prepares thermal barrier coating.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: articulamentum adopts the MCrAlY alloy system, M=Ni wherein, and Co, Ni+Co is ZrO as the ceramic layer composition of surface layer
2-8Y
2O
3, concrete operations are: 1) sample is cleaned and blasting treatment; It is characterized in that: 2) sample is carried out six detonation flame sprayings, the control base material temperature is 100~200 ℃, presses articulamentum, the spraying successively of ceramic layer order, obtains thermal barrier coating; The running parameter of described articulamentum MCrAlY: the gas flow ratio scope of oxygen and acetylene is 1.06~1.20: 1, operating frequency is 4~6shot/s, and spray distance is 100~140mm, and gun muzzle diameter is 20~25mm, the powder feeding rate is 0.3~0.6g/s, spraying spot dish overlapping rate 30~50%; Described ceramic layer ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3Running parameter: the gas flow ratio scope of oxygen and acetylene is 1.02~1.10: 1, and operating frequency is 4~6shot/s, and spray distance is 80~120mm, and gun muzzle diameter is 20~25mm, and the powder feeding rate is 0.3~0.9g/s, spraying spot dish overlapping rate 30~50%;
In the middle of described articulamentum and ceramic layer, add transition zone, described transition zone is the sandwich construction of articulamentum and two kinds of compositions of ceramic layer, wherein: the articulamentum composition 95~5% successively decreases by weight percentage, the ceramic layer composition 5~95% increases progressively proportioning by weight percentage, articulamentum, two kinds of compositions of ceramic layer are alternately spraying by weight percentage respectively, or mixes the back spraying by weight percentage; Articulamentum thickness is 100~200 μ m, and ceramic layer thickness is 300~900 μ m; Transition region thickness is 0~100 μ m, each layer thickness five equilibrium in the sandwich construction of described transition zone; Described MCrAlY alloy system composition is M: surplus by mass percentage; Cr:18~35; Al:5~12; Y:0~1; Described MCrAlY alloy system is Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y, Co-29Cr-6Al-1Y, Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. the present invention is by adjusting the detonation flame spraying technological parameter (as improving C
2H
2: O
2), solve explosive spray coating and prepared the high ZrO of fusing point
2-8Y
2O
3The technological difficulties of ceramic layer.
Between the coating and the associativity between coating and base material good.Adopt the present invention to have the fast advantage of powder deposition, its deposition velocity is 800-1000m/s, compares with the spraying of prior art ionic medium, can prepare associativity is good, pore the is few bilayer or the thermal barrier coating of gradient-structure on the high temperature alloy base material.
3. there is the micro-crack that vertically distributes in the ceramic layer of the present invention's preparation, is beneficial to the thermal shock resistance that improves thermal barrier coating.
4. the thermal barrier coating hardness of the present invention preparation can reach more than the 8.0GPa, and heat insulation temperature is greater than 100 ℃, and reaches complete anti-oxidant level, as the thermal barrier coating of one embodiment of the present of invention preparation at 1000 ℃ of following oxidation oxidation weight gain<0.1g/m after 100 hours
2H.
5. the present invention adopts detonation flame spraying technology, and is easy to operate, cost is low, can satisfy thickness requirement; Compare with EB-PVD cost height, coating deposited thin thickness (200-300 μ m) in the prior art, cost of the present invention is low, can prepare the thermal barrier coating that thickness can reach 1mm.
The specific embodiment
Below by example the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Base material adopts high temperature alloy M38G, and specimen size is 15 * 25 * 5mm
3Before the spraying, sample is cleaned and blasting treatment (Al
2O
3, 28 orders).Adopt two-dimentional work bench, sample is carried out six detonation flame sprayings.The thermal barrier coating of preparation comprises two parts: anti-oxidant articulamentum and as the dielectric ceramic layer of surface layer, articulamentum adopts Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y, ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3Be ceramic layer material, the control base material temperature is less than 150 ℃.Present embodiment is double-deck thermal barrier coating, and its detonation flame spraying technological parameter sees Table 1, and composition, thickness parameter see Table 2.
Table 1 embodiment 1 detonation flame spraying technological parameter
Technological parameter Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3
Operating frequency 4shots/s 4shots/s
O
2∶C
2H
2 1.15∶1 1.05∶1
Spray distance 120mm 100mm
Gun muzzle diameter 25mm 25mm
Powder feeding rate 0.4g/s 0.5g/s
Spraying spot dish overlapping rate 40% 50%
Table 2 embodiment 1 double-deck thermal barrier coating
Composition thickness (μ m)
Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y 150
ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3 300
Its course of work is: dusty spray is packed into behind the batch can, ignite oxygen and acetylene gas mixture in the gun tube tail end, high-energy heating and melting powder that gas burst discharges, meanwhile drive powder, form particle flux, high-velocity particles stream bump substrate surface is combined together to form the coating that pore is less, fine and close, even, associativity is good with metallic atom.Adopt the ZrO of the present invention's preparation
2-8Y
2O
3Ceramic layer hardness can reach 8.22GPa, far above the ceramic layer hardness (about 4.0Gpa) of plasma spraying attitude.
Embodiment 2
Base material component and size are with embodiment 1.At first sample is cleaned and blasting treatment, prepare the thermal barrier coating of gradient-structure then, present embodiment articulamentum MCrAlY alloy system adopts Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y, and dielectric ceramic layer is ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3Material adds transition zone in the middle of described articulamentum and ceramic layer, described transition zone is articulamentum and two kinds of compositions of ceramic layer, and specifically: first transition zone adopts 75%Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y articulamentum and 25% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, second transition zone adopts 50%Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y articulamentum and 50% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, the 3rd transition zone adopts 25%Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y articulamentum and 75% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, acquisition has the thermal barrier coating of gradient-structure, and the control base material temperature is less than 200 ℃.The detonation flame spraying technological parameter sees Table 3, and composition, thickness parameter see Table 4.
Table 3 embodiment 2 detonation flame spraying technological parameters
Technological parameter Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3
Operating frequency 6shots/s 6shots/s
O
2∶C
2H
2 1.20∶1 1.09∶1
Spray distance 100mm 80mm
Gun muzzle diameter 20mm 20mm
Powder feeding rate 0.3g/s 0.6g/s
Spraying spot dish overlapping rate 30% 40%
The thermal barrier coating of table 4 embodiment 2 gradient-structures
Composition thickness (μ m)
Ni-25Cr-5Al-0.5Y 120
Ni25Cr5Al0.5Y(75%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(25%)25
Ni25Cr5Al0.5Y(50%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(50%)25
Ni25Cr5Al0.5Y(25%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(75%)25
ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3 500
During the spraying transition zone, articulamentum, two kinds of compositions of ceramic layer are alternately spraying by weight percentage respectively, adopts two powder feeder alternations to realize.The thermal barrier coating of the coefficient of thermal expansion gradient transition that finally obtains is useful for the thermal-shock resistance that improves thermal barrier coating.
Embodiment 3
Base material adopts Ni
3Al base alloy IC-6, specimen size is 15 * 25 * 2mm
3Before the spraying, sample is cleaned and blasting treatment (Al
2O
3, 28 orders).Prepare double-deck thermal barrier coating, articulamentum adopts the Co-29Cr-6Al-1Y alloy system, in order to improve the effect of heat insulation of coating, ceramic layer ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3Thickness is 900 μ m.The control base material temperature is less than 200 ℃.The thick ceramic layer of preparing does not have peeling phenomenon to occur, and has the micro-crack of vertical distribution of rule in the ceramic layer, and this is favourable for the thermal shock that improves TBCs.Its detonation flame spraying technological parameter sees Table 5, and composition, thickness parameter see Table 6.
Table 5 embodiment 3 detonation flame spraying technological parameters
Technological parameter Co-29Cr-6Al-1Y ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3
Operating frequency 4shots/s 4shots/s
O
2∶C
2H
2 1.06∶1 1.02∶1
Spray distance 140mm 120mm
Gun muzzle diameter 25mm 25mm
Powder feeding rate 0.6g/s 0.8g/s
Spraying spot dish overlapping rate 50% 50%
Table 6 embodiment 3 thermal barrier coatings
Composition thickness (μ m)
Co-29Cr-6Al-1Y 200
ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3 900
Adopt the thermal barrier coating of present embodiment preparation can make the operating temperature of IC-6 alloy reduce by 120 ℃.
Embodiment 4
Base material component and size are with embodiment 1.At first sample is cleaned and blasting treatment, prepare the thermal barrier coating of gradient-structure then, the present embodiment articulamentum adopts Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y, and ceramic layer is ZrO2-8Y
2O
3Material, in the middle of described articulamentum and ceramic layer, add transition zone, described transition zone is articulamentum and two kinds of compositions of ceramic layer, and specifically: first transition zone adopts 90%Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y articulamentum and 10% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, second transition zone adopts 75%Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y articulamentum and 25% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, the 3rd transition zone adopts 50%Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y articulamentum and 50% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, the 4th transition zone adopts 25%Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y articulamentum and 75% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, the 5th transition zone adopts 10%Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y articulamentum and 90% zirconia ceramic layer ZrO by weight percentage
2-8Y
2O
3, acquisition has the thermal barrier coating of gradient-structure, and the control base material temperature is less than 200 ℃.The detonation flame spraying technological parameter sees Table 7, and composition, thickness parameter see Table 8.
Table 7 embodiment 4 detonation flame spraying technological parameters
Technological parameter Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3
Operating frequency 6shots/s 6shots/s
O
2∶C
2H
2 1.15∶1 1.05∶1
Spray distance 120mm 100mm
Gun muzzle diameter 25mm 25mm
Powder feeding rate 0.3g/s 0.5g/s
Spraying spot dish overlapping rate 40% 50%
The thermal barrier coating of table 8 embodiment 4 gradient-structures
Composition thickness (μ m)
Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y 100
Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y(90%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(10%)25
Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y(75%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(25%)15
Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y(50%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(50%)15
Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y(25%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(75%)15
Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y(10%)+ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3(90%)15
ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3 500
During the spraying transition zone, mix the back spraying by weight percentage, the thermal barrier coating of the coefficient of thermal expansion gradient transition that finally obtains.
Embodiment 5
Base material component and size are with embodiment 3.Before the spraying, sample is cleaned and blasting treatment (Al
2O
3, 28 orders).Present embodiment prepares double-deck thermal barrier coating, and articulamentum adopts Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y, and ceramic layer is ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3Material, the control base material temperature is less than 150 ℃.Its detonation flame spraying technological parameter sees Table 9, and composition, thickness parameter see Table 10.
Table 9 embodiment 5 detonation flame spraying technological parameters
Technological parameter Co-29Cr-6Al-1Y ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3
Operating frequency 4shots/s 4shots/s
O
2∶C
2H
2 1.06∶1 1.02∶1
Spray distance 140mm 120mm
Gun muzzle diameter 25mm 25mm
Powder feeding rate 0.6g/s 0.8g/s
Spraying spot dish overlapping rate 50% 50%
Table 10 embodiment 5 thermal barrier coatings
Composition thickness (μ m)
Ni-21Co-22Cr-10Al-1Y 120
ZrO
2-8Y
2O
3 300
The thermal barrier coating that adopts the present embodiment preparation is at 1000 ℃ of following oxidation oxidation weight gain<0.1Ag/m after 100 hours
2H makes the IC-6 alloy reach complete anti-oxidant level in the time of 1000 ℃.