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CN1498130A - 输送颗粒状固体的方法 - Google Patents

输送颗粒状固体的方法 Download PDF

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CN1498130A
CN1498130A CNA028066855A CN02806685A CN1498130A CN 1498130 A CN1498130 A CN 1498130A CN A028066855 A CNA028066855 A CN A028066855A CN 02806685 A CN02806685 A CN 02806685A CN 1498130 A CN1498130 A CN 1498130A
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马丁·希尔施
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斯图尔特·斯涅德
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洛塔·福曼奈克
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0086Conditioning, transformation of reduced iron ores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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    • B01J2208/00539Pressure
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种通过气态介质,将颗粒状固体从一个压力为4到16巴的第一区域通过一个下降管线和一个上升管线连续输送到一个压力比第一区域中低3到15巴的第二区域中的工艺。为确保在连续输送颗粒状固体时以较低的成本和较少的维护工作减小两个区域之间的压力,在通过下降管线(2)将颗粒状固体输送到一个上升管线(3)中的位置通过一个向上指向的喷嘴(6)将气态介质(9)流入一个管中。

Description

输送颗粒状固体的万法
本发明涉及一种通过气态介质,将颗粒状固体从一个压力为4到16巴的第一区域通过一个下降管线和一个上升管线连续输送到一个压力比第一区域中低3到15巴的第二区域中的方法。
在直接还原工厂中,颗粒状固体,如直接还原铁,从一个升高的压力引入大气压下,用于在工厂中进一步加工。在该工厂中,直接还原的铁从一个流化床反应器输送到一个加压旋流器,从该旋流器通过一个储存料仓经一个下降管线将颗粒状固体向下排出。将惰性气体引入该下降管线中。
通过一个阀,该下降管线通常与一个上升管线联接,通过将惰性气体供应到该上升管线中,颗粒状固体通过该上升管线向上输送到一个冲击罐中。固体从上述冲击罐引入一个压块料仓中,同时进一步引入惰性气体。由于连续供应细微颗粒状固体,在下降管线中形成这些固体的一列,该列同时代表一个压力隔层。
当在阀上使用前述的方案时,从下降管线到上升管线的过渡需要更多的工作和维护,由于颗粒状固体的温度水平和粗糙表面,密封和关闭本体受到非常高的磨损,因而必须很频繁地更换。
根据US-A2684873,细微颗粒状固体引入一个流入箱体中,通过一个阀对再次供应的量进行调节。在该流入箱体中,形成了一定量的细微颗粒状固体,一个管伸入该箱体中,固体通过该管运输到位于较高高度的箱体中。一个对流入箱体进行加压的管线向流入箱体内部开放,从而通过该管将固体运输到设置于较高高度的该箱体中。
这种已知的方法相似地用于调节固体流入的阀。对于要运输的较大量固体,流入箱体的尺寸必须相应地较大,这再次使装置非常复杂而昂贵。
本发明的目的是,在上述方法中,能廉价地并以很少的维护工作来降低两个区域之间的压力,同时连续输送颗粒状固体。
根据本发明,该目的是通过权利要求1的特征来实现的。通过一个向上指向的喷嘴在下降管线向上升管线内部开放的位置流入气态介质。
为了尽可能减少运动能量的损失,用于流入气体的喷嘴小孔应当方便地设置成尽量靠近要运输的散料。由于散料下降的管线,因而喷嘴小孔应当有利地设置在管轴线交叉点下方一定距离处,该距离为喷嘴小孔的液压直径的0.5至8倍。
由于从下降管线流出的细微颗粒状固体因其上方直立的列而被紧压,有利的是在输送喷嘴旁边设置一个辅助喷嘴。
特别有利的是,上升管线中的固体重量为松填重量的0.3到0.8倍,优选地是松填重量的0.4到0.7倍。
在有限的整体高度下,有利的是通过一个多级压降来输送固体。
下面参照附图通过举例对该方法的实施例进行描述,其中:
图1表示该方法的流程图;
图2表示图1中的详细图示;
图3表示该多级方法的流程图。
热固体在650℃到800℃的温度下从一个加热器输送到一个旋流器(1)。在该旋流器(1)中存在着一个4至16巴的压力。成细微颗粒状的固体通过一个下降管线(2)向下排放。将惰性气体(8a)氮气引入该下降管线中,从而冲洗出还原气体。
在下降管线之后,通过供应载运气体(9)如氮气,由一个上升管线(3)将固体向上输送到一个冲击罐(4),该冲击罐中的压力在1至2巴范围内。从上述冲击罐将固体引入一个压块料仓(5),然后通过供应惰性气体而进入一个压块压力机(10)中。
由于细微颗粒状固体的连续流入,在下降管线(2)中形成这些固体的一个列,该列同时代表一个压力隔层。该列固体具有2至15米的高度,其高度可通过一个位置计来测量。该列可通过向下排放来调节。
流过下降管线(2)的固体流取决于惰性气体流入量(8a),该惰性气体流入量(8a)同时影响下降管线(2)中固体列的高度。下降管线(2)向上升管线(3)开放的点的压力为4至16巴。
在上升管线(3)的中心线与下降管线(2)的中心线的交叉点下方,载运气体(9)通过一个喷嘴(6)流入。喷嘴小孔(6)处的压力比旋流器(1)中的压力高0.5至1.5巴。通过该上升管线(3)将固体输送到一个其中压力为1至2巴的冲击罐(4)。从下降管线(2)的小孔到过流料仓(4)的高度为10至50米。上升管线(3)的直径可在0.2至1.5米之间。
在喷嘴小孔(6)周围设有多个辅助喷嘴(7),该多个辅助喷嘴(7)使固体松散,并将其从喷嘴小孔(6)运输到载运气体(9)的影响范围之内。该载运气体(9)穿过喷嘴(6)和(7)。
图3表示压力多级递减地输送固体。热固体在650至800C温度下从一个加热器输送到一个旋流器(1)。该旋流器(1)中存在着4至16巴的压力。细微颗粒状固体通过一个下降管线(2)向下排放。将惰性气体(8a)如氮气引入该下降管线中,从而冲洗出还原气体。
在下降管线(2)之后,通过供应载运气体(9)如氮气,由一个上升管线(3)将固体向上输送到一个冲击罐(4)中,该冲击罐中的压力在2至8巴范围内。通过进一步供应惰性气体(8b),从上述冲击罐将固体输送到一个第二下降管线(11)。
在下降管线之后,通过供应载运气体(12)如氮气,由另一个上升管线(13)将固体向上输送到一个冲击罐(14)中,该冲击罐中的压力在1至2巴范围内。通过供应惰性气体(8b),从上述冲击罐将固体输送到一个压块料仓(5)。
例1:
以64吨/小时的速度将直接还原的铁与规定浓度的40000立方米/小时(Nm3/h)的H2一起供应到旋流器(1),此时温度为730℃,压力为4.5巴。在H2与固体分离后,通过直径为0.5米长度为16米的下降管线(2)排出固体。通过管线(8a)供应规定浓度的70牛立方米/小时(Nm3/h)的N2,用于冲洗该空间中所含的H2。在直径为0.25米长度为25米的上升管线(3)中,通过经喷嘴(6)和(7)填加规定浓度的150立方米/小时的N2,经过管线(3)将固体输送到冲击罐(4)。在此过程中,压力降到1巴。将固体从上述冲击罐引入一个压块料仓(5)中,然后通过供应规定浓度的30立方米/小时的N2(8b)而输送到压块压力机(10)中。
例2
以64吨/小时的速度将直接还原的铁与规定浓度的40000立方米/小时的H2一起供应到旋流器(1),此时温度为730℃,压力为4.5巴。在H2与固体分离后,通过直径为0.5米长度为8米的下降管线(2)排出固体。通过管线(8a)供应规定浓度的50立方米/小时的N2,用于冲洗该空间中所含的H2。在直径为0.25米长度为10米的上升管线(3)中,通过经喷嘴(6)和(7)填加规定浓度的150立方米/小时的N2,经过管线(3)将固体输送到冲击罐(4),在该冲击罐(4)中获得了3.0巴的压力。通过该下降管线(11)将固体从上述冲击罐排出,该下降管线(11)具有0.5米的直径和8米的长度。通过管线(8b)和(8c)供应50牛立方米/小时的N2(8b),以进一步冲洗该空间中的所含的H2。
在直径为0.25米长度为15米的上升管线(3)中,经管线(13)填加规定浓度的100立方米/小时的N2(12)而将固体输送到冲击罐中,该冲击罐中存在着1巴的压力。固体从上述冲击罐引入一个压块料仓(5)中,然后通过供应规定浓度的30立方米/小时的N2(8d)而进入一个压块压力机(10)中。

Claims (5)

1.一种连续输送颗粒状固体的方法,通过气态介质、将颗粒状固体从一个压力为4到16巴的第一区域通过一个下降管线和一个上升管线连续输送到一个压力比第一区域中低3到15巴的第二区域中,其特征在于,气态介质的流入是通过位于下降管线向上升管线内部开放的位置的一个向上指向的喷嘴来实现的。
2.如权利要求1中所述的方法,其特征在于,用于流入气态介质的喷嘴小孔设置在管轴线交叉点下方一定距离处,该距离为喷嘴小孔的液压直径的0.5至8倍。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在输送喷嘴旁边设有至少一个辅助喷嘴。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,上升管线中的固体重量为松填重量的0.3到0.8倍,优选地是松填重量的0.4到0.7倍。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通过至少两个下降管线和至少两个上升管线输送固体。
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EG23097A (en) 2004-03-31
CN1226077C (zh) 2005-11-09
AU2002242726B2 (en) 2007-01-25
EP1372838A1 (en) 2004-01-02
US20020146291A1 (en) 2002-10-10
MY136337A (en) 2008-09-30
BRPI0208569B1 (pt) 2019-04-24
BR0208569A (pt) 2004-03-30
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EP1372838B1 (en) 2014-05-07
AR033074A1 (es) 2003-12-03

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