CN1482365A - turbo compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a scroll compressor in which spillage of refrigerating machine oil into external cycle is reduced in low cost and assumable service condition range. The scroll compressor applies extreme flow rate differences to oil which has been mixed into discharge gas in the form of mist by making the oil flow in into a large cross-sectional area passage from a narrow passage at the initial stage of discharge gas circulating route, converts flow direction by using a current transformer, and liquefies and separates the oil mist by making the discharge gas collide with sealed container inner wall. Further, the compressor liquefies and separates oil mist permeating inside an end coil of a motor or lubricating oil flowing in from a bearing by making them collide with an oil cover partitioning outer diameter section (end coil inner diameter of a stator) of the rotor in such a manner that they are led to a rotating portion of a rotor to be applied by centrifugal force.

Description

turbo compressor

technical field

The present invention relates to a turbo compressor for compressing refrigerant gas in a room air conditioner or the like.

Background technique

During the operation of the refrigerant compressor in the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerating machine oil used for lubricating the sliding part of the compression mechanism such as the gasket or the bearing is mixed into the compressed gas in the compression mechanism or by becoming mist, or passing through the gap from the bearing. sprayed out and mixed into the exhaust. When the exhaust gas mixed with such oil mist flows into the piping of the refrigeration cycle through the exhaust pipe of the compressor, the mist oil liquefies and adheres to the inside of the piping. In the case of heat exchanger piping, the attached oil acts as a heat-insulating layer, impeding heat exchange performance, obstructing ventilation in other piping, causing pressure loss, and reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigeration cycle. Preventing oil from being mixed into the exhaust gas discharged to the piping is a major technical problem for air conditioner manufacturers aiming at power saving.

As a conventional technology, the compressed gas (exhaust gas) mixed with mist oil discharged from the compression mechanism passes through the rotor inner passage of the motor on the way, and passes through another passage of refrigerant gas formed by dividing the internal space of the sealed container. The passage is discharged to the outside of the sealed container, and the centrifugal separation effect of the rotation of the rotor is used to reduce the refrigeration oil mixed into the compressed gas by using the centrifugation effect of the rotor rotation to form droplets (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-115686 (page 7, FIG. 1 )

In the conventional art described above, the pressure loss is large due to the gas passage through the rotor. In addition, depending on the operating conditions, the oil level may rise due to the incorporation of refrigerant gas, and unstable changes in the amount of oil mist mixed in may also be expected. That is, the subject of research is to reduce the outflow of refrigerating machine oil to the external circulation at low cost and within the range of assumed operating conditions.

Contents of the invention

In order to reduce the outflow of oil mist from the sealed container to the external circulation, for the exhaust gas containing oil mist discharged from the discharge hole of the compression mechanism, it is necessary to separate the oil mist by liquefaction at the early time and place of its circulation path, and change the flow of exhaust gas Direction and dripping direction of liquefied oil to achieve the purpose of reducing oil mist.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of the structure of a turbocompressor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an E-E sectional view of Fig. 1 according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of the shape of the oil jacket cap of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of integrally forming an inverter, an oil ring, and an oil cover of the present invention with a resin having electrical insulation and refrigerant resistance.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of integrally forming the inverter, the oil jacket cap of the present invention, and the ring part made of a combined resin material with metal.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of integrally forming the inverter, oil ring, and oil cover of the present invention with metal, and partially covering them with a resin material having electrical insulation and refrigerant resistance.

In the picture:

1...airtight container, 2...compression mechanism, 3...electric motor, 4...crankshaft, 5...sub bearing, 6...oil tank, 7...sub bearing support plate, 8...oil surface ripple prevention plate, 9...frame, 10...rotation Turbine, 11...crosshead connecting rod, 12...fixed turbine, 13...compression chamber, 14...converter, 15...oil cover, 16...oil ring, 17...coating film

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, an embodiment to which the turbo compressor of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 . In FIG. 1 , the compression mechanism 2 is arranged on the upper part of the airtight container 1 , the electric motor 3 is arranged on the lower part, and the crankshaft 4 is connected up and down. The stator 3a of the electric motor 3 is fixed in the case 1a of the airtight container 1 by heat fitting or the like, and the rotor 3b of the electric motor 3 is fixed by, for example, the crankshaft 4 being press-fitted.

The airtight container 1 is based on a cylindrical shell 1a, a double chamber 1b is welded on the upper part, and a bottom chamber 1c is welded on the lower part. An exhaust pipe 1d is installed on the side of the casing 1a, and a suction pipe 1e is installed on the double chamber 1b to connect the respective compression mechanisms 2.

The compression mechanism 2 has a frame 9 on which a bearing 9a supporting the crankshaft 4 is provided, and a guard plate 10b of the rotary turbine 10 for standing a cover plate 10c on a concave portion 9b of the frame 9 is provided. The bearing 10 a formed on the opposite side (the lower side in FIG. 1 ) of the cover plate 10 c of the rotary turbine 10 is fitted to the eccentric portion 4 b of the crankshaft 4 so as to be slidable. Furthermore, between the rotary turbine 10 and the frame 9 , a crosshead link 11 is inserted into each main groove to control the rotation of the rotary turbine 10 . The fixed turbine 12 is assembled on the top of the frame 9, so that the cover plate 12b upright on the top plate 12a and the cover plate 10c of the rotating turbine 10 are snapped together, and the flange portion of the frame 9 and the flange portion of the fixed turbine 12 are overlapped. together, secured by bolts.

A gas discharge hole 12e is provided near the center of the top plate 12a of the stationary turbine 12 . The cover plate 10c of the rotating worm gear 10 and the cover plate 12b of the fixed worm gear 12 are precisely machined into a spiral shape (not shown), and combined with the rotation of the eccentric portion 4b of the crankshaft 4, they are combined with each other and maintain a precise shape. The gap forms the compression chamber 13. The flange portion of the frame 9 and the outer peripheral dimension of the flange portion of the fixed turbine 12 are close to the inner diameter of the sealed container 1 with a very small gap, and the flange portion of the frame 9 is fixed on the casing 1a behind. In addition, a concave portion connected to the exhaust pipe 1d of the airtight container 1 is provided at the lower portion of the flange of the frame 9 .

On the outer peripheries of the flange of the frame 9 and the flange portion of the stationary turbine 12, vertical grooves 9c and 12c communicating with each other and serving as respective gas passages are provided. Directly below the vertical groove 9c of the frame 9 connected to the vertical groove 12c of the fixed turbine 12, a gas deflector 14 is provided. The gas deflector 14 converts the exhaust gas flow vertically descending along the longitudinal grooves 9c and 12c into a horizontal flow. Specifically, the gas converter 14 is installed in the airtight container 1 so as to be close to the casing 1 a, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 of the section E-E of FIG. 1 .

The exhaust gas discharged from the gas discharge hole 12e provided near the center of the top plate 12a of the fixed turbine 12 is discharged into the space A which is the first space formed above the fixed turbine 12 and the sealed container 1 . The exhaust gas discharged in the space A flows into the vertical grooves 9c and 12c.

Inside the end coil 3c of the stator 3a, the ring portion 15a of the oil cover 15 whose outer diameter is the inner diameter of the end coil 3c is inserted to form a space B. Inside the space B, including the lower central portion of the frame 9, the bearing 9a is also included. Furthermore, within the space B there is the upper part of the rotatable rotor 3b.

Between the lower side of the stator 3a and the oil groove 6 in the lower part of the hermetic container 1, a space C is formed. The spaces B and C are connected to a gap (space) 3e between the stator 3a and the rotor 3b shown in FIG. 2 through cutouts (not shown) of the stator 3a into which coils are inserted. In this space C, a sub-bearing 5 fitted to the tip of the crankshaft 4, its support plate 7, and an oil surface anti-ripening plate 8 are arranged. The top end of the journal portion 4a of the crankshaft 4 is immersed in the oil groove 6 at the bottom of the sealed container 1, the sub-bearing 5 is fitted with its outer diameter, and the sub-bearing 5 is fixed on the housing 1a through the support plate 7. Refrigerators such as indoor air conditioners may return a large amount of refrigerant to the airtight container under conditions of use such as turning on the heating when it is cold. At this time, the oil level in the oil tank 6 rises, and the rotation and agitation of the rotor 3b sometimes presents a state of foaming, and the oil accelerates to flow out of the sealed container 1 . Therefore, the outer diameter of the oil surge prevention plate 8 arranged in the space C is preferably close to the inner wall side of the outer casing 1a of the sealed container 1, as shown in Figure 1, preferably 80% to 90% of the inner diameter of the outer casing, and The rotation center of the rotor 3b and the air blowing down gap 3e are as far away as possible from the inner wall of the shell 1a of the sealed container 1 .

In addition, an oil ring 16 is provided between the motor 3 and the frame 9, and the oil ring 16 has an oil cover 15 extending along the flange portion of the frame 9 on the lower side in FIG. The outer diameter of the flange portion 15b is taken as its inner diameter. Relative to the upper surface of the stator 3a, the oil ring 16 has some gaps and is arranged between the frame 9 and the frame 9 . The ring-shaped space D (the above-mentioned current transformer is arranged in the space D) with the inner wall of the casing 1 as the outer diameter and the approximate outer diameter of the end coil 3c as the inner diameter passes through a plurality of holes 3d provided on the outer periphery of the center of the stator 3a, Connect with the aforementioned space C.

As described above, the turbo compressor of the present embodiment exhibits a desired compressor function by the rotation of the electric motor 3, and the oil rises from the oil hole 4c of the crankshaft 4, and flows between the journal 4a of the crankshaft 4 and the bearing 9a of the frame 9 and between the journal 4a of the crankshaft 4 and the bearing 9a of the frame 9. The respective lubrication between the eccentric portion 4b and the bearing 10a of the rotating turbine 10, the upper and lower surfaces of the concave portion 9b of the frame 9 and the guard plate 10b of the rotating turbine 10, and the side surfaces of the cover plate 10c of the rotating turbine 10 and the cover plate 12b of the fixed turbine 12 And the end face, etc., and the gasket of the compression mechanism 2 are provided with lubricating oil.

The oils provided above have paths that follow the direction of exhaust gas flow as indicated by the solid arrows. First, the oil that has penetrated into the compression chamber becomes mist and is mixed in the exhaust gas, and is discharged from the discharge hole 12e of the fixed turbine 12 to the upper space A of the hermetic container. Subsequently, the exhaust gas containing mist oil flows from the space A into the space D from the converter through the vertical slots 12c and 9c of the fixed turbine 12 and the frame 9 . Furthermore, the exhaust gas flows from the space D below the oil ring 16 to the discharge pipe 1d of the airtight container 1 through the space between the oil ring 16 and the ring 15a of the oil jacket cap 15 .

In the space D, the exhaust gas flow provided by the gas converter 14 forms a swirling flow along the inner wall of the casing 1c. In addition, since the oil ring 16 forms a structure in which the space D communicates with the discharge pipe 1d, the oil is fully liquid. After degassing, the exhaust gas can be introduced into the exhaust pipe 1d.

At this time, if the gap between the oil ring 16 and the end coil 3c is narrow, the liquid oil adhering to the end coil 3c is blown from the bottom to the space between the oil ring 16 and the ring portion 15a of the oil jacket cover 15, The liquid oil can be promoted to be atomized again, but the air flow in the space D where the flow velocity is slowed down cannot atomize the liquid oil even if the flow velocity is increased, so that by forming a flow path with a gap that can pass under the oil ring 16 , the air that does not contain mist oil can be discharged outside the airtight container 1 .

When the exhaust gas enters the space A with a large cross-sectional area from the outlet hole 12e with a small cross-sectional area, and the exhaust gas enters the space D with a large cross-sectional area from the longitudinal grooves 12c and 9c with a small cross-sectional area, the exhaust flow rate is reduced. If the flow velocity is reduced, the dense oil mist is easy to liquefy, and the oil liquefied in space A drops into space D through the gap between the flange of the fixed turbine 12 and the flange of the frame 9 and the casing 1a.

In addition, after the exhaust gas falling vertically from the vertical grooves 12c and 9c collides with the bottom surface 14a of the converter 14, it turns to the horizontal direction, and the exhaust gas flowing out from the opening 14b of the converter 14 collides with the inner wall of the housing 1a of the space D, respectively. The change of direction of exhaust gas flow promotes the liquefaction of oil mist. The liquefied oil drops from the hole 3d on the outer periphery of the stator 3a to the oil groove 6 at the bottom of the sealed container 1 along the inner wall of the housing 1a along with the oil dripping from the space A as shown by the hollow arrow. Then, most of the exhaust gas from which the oil has been separated is introduced into the exhaust pipe 1d of the airtight container 1 .

In addition, a part of the exhaust gas passing through the converter 14 reaches the inside of the oil jacket cover 15 from the space D through the passage between the oil ring 16 and the upper center of the stator 3a. The oil mist is liquefied by colliding with the highly integrated motor coil and the rotor 3b rotating at high speed inside the oil cover 15, and drops into the oil groove 6 through the opening of the stator 3 as shown by the hollow arrow. Part of the exhaust gas reaches the space C at the lower part of the sealed container 1, and then, as shown by the solid arrow, from the hole 3d on the outer periphery of the stator 3a, through the above-mentioned space D to the discharge pipe 1d of the sealed container 1.

On the other hand, the oil sprayed from the bearing 9a of the frame 9 is in the form of liquid or mist, sprayed to the inner side of the oil jacket cover 15, and by colliding with the high-speed rotating rotor 3b, the high-density oil is separated by centrifugal force, as shown by the hollow arrow As shown, drops from the gap 3e through the opening into the oil tank 6 at the bottom of the airtight container 1 .

Fig. 2 shows that the flow converter 14 of the present invention that changes the exhaust gas flow direction vertically descending from the vertical grooves 12c, 9c, the oil ring 16 arranged on the outer diameter of the end coil 3c of the stator 3a, and the oil ring 16 arranged on the stator 3a An example of each shape of the oil cap 15 on the inner diameter of the end coil 3c.

That is, the inverter 14 shown in FIG. 2 is disposed below the vertical groove 9c of the frame 9, and has a bottom surface 14a where the exhaust gas collides and an opening 14b through which the exhaust gas flows out.

In order to bring the underside of the oil ring 16 into contact with the general end coil 3c, an insulating film for the motor or the like is made into a cylindrical shape in a trimmed state. On the upper portion of the oil ring 16, a horizontal hole (not shown) is formed in a stepped portion of the frame 9, and a fixing hole for fixing with a rivet (not shown) or the like is appropriately opened.

In the space D, the gas flows along the inner wall of the casing 1a through the flow converter 14. After the gas flow hits the inner wall, the liquefied oil drops at right angles to the gas flow, thereby changing the direction of the gas flow and the oil dripping. This change in direction prevents the liquefied oil from re-atomizing.

The oil jacket cap 15 shown in FIG. 3 has a shape combined with the collar portion 15a and the flange portion 15b. The loop portion 15a that overlaps the inner diameter portion of the end coil 3c is fitted into a stepped portion on the lower side of the flange portion of the frame 9, and is fixed to the fixing hole 15d of the flange portion 15b. Like the oil ring 16, the ring part 15a is made into a cylindrical shape with an insulating film for a motor in a corrected sandwiched state as shown in the figure, combined with the flange part 15b, and fixed with a rivet 15c or the like. At this time, the flange portion 15b of the oil jacket cap 15 is generally produced by sheet metal processing or the like.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the three components of the inverter 14, the oil ring 16, and the oil jacket 15 integrally formed of resin having electrical insulation and refrigerant resistance. At this time, the converter 14' is located at the position to receive the exhaust gas from the vertical groove 9c of the frame 9, and the air flow that changes direction passes through the space D formed by the oil ring 16' and the casing 1a, and flows along the inner wall of the casing 1a.

Fig. 5 has shown the flange part 15b that integrally forms converter 14 and oil jacket cover 15 with metal plate etc., on the part close to the end coil 3c of stator 3a, the electric motor insulation film that combines uses and has electrical insulation and resistance to refrigeration. An example of the ring part 16' and the ring part 15' made of a plastic resin material.

Fig. 6 shows that the converter 14 and the oil jacket cover 15 are integrally formed with a metal plate, etc., and are formed on the lower side of the end coil 3c close to the stator 3a, and are made of an electrically insulating and refrigerant-resistant resin material with a suitable thickness. An example of the coating film 17.

As mentioned above, as described in each embodiment of the present invention, by improving the circulation path of the oil mist mixed in the exhaust gas and the oil mist sprayed from the bearing, the amount of oil discharged to the outside of the compressor through the exhaust pipe of the sealed container can be reduced. minimize.

First, the exhaust gas from the compression mechanism, once it reaches the space A with a large cross-section through the small-diameter fixed turbine discharge hole, passes through the vertical groove with a small cross-sectional area to reach the space D with a large cross-sectional area, and can be separated at the initial stage of the exhaust gas flow. Liquefied oil mist. The exhaust gas reaching the space D enters the space connected with the exhaust pipe from the lower side of the oil jacket cover, and is circulated outside through the exhaust pipe.

In addition, the oil mist contained in the exhaust gas that partially leaks into the inner direction of the stator and the oil that circulates in the sealed container for lubricating the bearings are isolated from the discharge path of the above exhaust gas, or pass through the end coil of the stator and the rotor where the coil is inserted, etc. Centrifugal force is used to separate oil and gas, so that the oil mist suspended in the space outside the discharge path can be liquefied as much as possible.

That is, the oil mist can be efficiently liquefied by increasing the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the exhaust gas containing a large amount of oil mist, reducing the gas flow velocity, and causing the gas to collide with the inner wall of the sealed container. In addition, a small amount of lubricating oil that penetrates into the exhaust gas in the form of mist in the bearing of the central part of the compressor collides with the rotor rotating at high speed, and forcibly adds centrifugal force, so that oil can be separated reliably. In addition, by surely separating the above-mentioned exhaust path, it is finally possible to exhaust the refrigerating machine oil contained in the gas to be exhausted.

As a result, it was found that a power-saving product can be provided because the oil film that causes heat insulation and pressure loss in the piping of refrigerated and refrigerated equipment such as a room air conditioner is rarely formed. In addition, the anti-wave plate placed on the top of the oil tank can suppress the generation of oil mist under certain operating conditions, which has the effect of improving product reliability.

According to the present invention, the ratio of refrigerating machine oil mixed in the gas refrigerant discharged from the turbo compressor can be greatly reduced. In addition, by using the turbo compressor according to the present invention as a compressor of an air conditioner such as a room air conditioner, a high performance air conditioner can be provided.

Claims (6)

1. A turbo compressor, characterized in that: it has: a compression mechanism part connected with a crankshaft arranged in a sealed container and a motor with a stator and a rotor, the compression mechanism part is arranged on the upper part, and its motor is arranged on the lower part; The oil groove dipped in the top end of the crankshaft arranged at the bottom of the sealed container and the oil hole provided on the crankshaft for supplying oil to the compression mechanism, the compression mechanism part has a frame supporting the crankshaft, and the A frame-connected fixed turbine and a rotating turbine arranged between the fixed turbine and the frame and assisting the fixed turbine to form a plurality of compression chambers; arranged on the upper part of the sealed container and discharged from the fixed turbine during the compression The first space for the compressed gas refrigerant, the communication passage passing through the fixed turbine and the frame and communicating with the first space, and the communication passage leading the gas refrigerant flowing out of the communication passage to the outside of the sealed container. The second space connected by the exhaust pipe and arranged along the inner wall of the sealed container; has a flow converter arranged in the second space, and the flow converter has an opening for receiving the gas refrigerant flowing out of the communication passage and A discharge port for discharging the gas refrigerant in a direction different from the direction in which the gas refrigerant flows out from the communication passage. 2. The turbocompressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the bottom of the frame and the upper surface of the end coil of the motor stator, a diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the end coil is set as The outer diameter of the 1st oil jacket covers and forms the 2nd space. 3. A turbo compressor, characterized in that: it has: a compression mechanism part connected with a crankshaft arranged in a sealed container and a motor with a stator and a rotor, the compression mechanism part is arranged in the upper part, and the motor is arranged in the lower part; The oil tank dipping the top end of the crankshaft at the bottom of the sealed container and the oil hole provided on the crankshaft for supplying oil to the compression mechanism part, the compression mechanism part has a frame supporting the crankshaft, and the A frame-connected fixed turbine and a rotating turbine arranged between the fixed turbine and the frame and assisting the fixed turbine to form a plurality of compression chambers; arranged on the upper part of the sealed container and discharged from the fixed turbine during the compression The first space for compressed gas refrigerant in the chamber, the communication passage passing through the fixed turbine and the frame and communicating with the first space, and the connection with the gas refrigerant flowing out of the communication passage into the outside of the sealed container. The second space connected by the exhaust pipe and arranged along the inner wall of the sealed container; there is a flow converter arranged in the second space, and the flow converter has an opening for receiving the gas refrigerant flowing out of the communication passage and an opening to the airtight container. a discharge port for discharging the gas refrigerant in a direction different from the direction of outflow from the communication path; provided between the lower side of the frame and the upper side of the end coil of the motor stator, formed by the lower side of the frame and the upper side of the motor The third space formed above the rotor is provided with a second oil cover, and the third space is separated by the second oil cover. The outer diameter of the second oil cover is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the terminal coil equal in diameter. 4. The turbocompressor according to claim 3, characterized in that it has a fourth space composed of the central lower side of the stator and the upper surface of the oil storage part provided at the bottom of the sealed container, through which the The gap between the rotor and the stator and the cutout for inserting the stator coil connect the fourth space and the third space. 5. The turbocompressor according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the fourth space, a circular oil surface having an outer diameter of 80% to 90% of the inner diameter of the hermetic container is provided. Wave prevention board. 6. The turbo compressor according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the converter, the first or the second oil jacket are covered with a resin material having electrical insulation and coolant resistance. Whole or partially connected structures.

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