CN1474728A - ring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for machining workpieces is disclosed, wherein at least one machining table is arranged inside a workpiece table in the form of an annular table, while the remaining machining tables are located in the outer peripheral area of the annular table.

Description

ring machine

technical field

The invention relates to a device for parting off workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1 .

Background technique

Cutting off of workpieces is used, for example, in the machining of separate bearing housings for connecting rods or crankcases. Wherein, two radial groove-shaped predetermined breaking positions are arranged in the axial direction on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing seat, so that the bearing seat can be separated into a bearing cover and a bearing frame in a definite manner after a breaking force is applied.

The cut-off has the advantage that a microscopic and macroscopic intermesh is produced between the mounting surfaces of the bearing cover and the bearing frame, allowing a precise fitting assembly without the need for costly post-processing.

The provision of the intended breaking point (groove) is generally carried out by means of a mechanical broaching process or by means of a laser (laser grooving) on a corresponding grooving station.

For example, DE 198 41 027 C1 describes a process and a device for cutting off a bearing seat of a connecting rod by means of a laser table and an expansion core. The device is characterized in that the machining steps of truncating the bearing housing, blowing and assembling (bolting fastening) the bearing housing are carried out in a single work station. Here the connecting rod is firmly clamped on a rotatable circular table which functions as a transfer unit.

A disadvantage of the device described is that the throughput for handling bearing housings is not high since almost all required machining steps are carried out on a single station. In order to increase production capacity, a plurality of such individual tables can be arranged radially on the circular table. Another possible arrangement is to break down this single table into processing stations separated by processing steps, which are likewise arranged radially on the circular table. Common to both variants is that the workstations are arranged next to each other, since the space around the table is extremely limited. However, this one-sided radial arrangement neither achieves a compact machining nor does it allow such a work table to be easily accessible, for example, for maintenance and repairs.

Contents of the invention

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a cutting device which, due to its compact design, can increase the production capacity.

This object is solved by a workbench with the features of claim 1 .

According to the invention, the workpiece is clamped on a workpiece table in the form of a rotatable annular table, while said annular table surrounds at least one machining table. If the machining tables are arranged alternately, ie radially one inside the other outside, on the circular table, in addition to the particular advantage of compactness, the advantage of easy access can also be achieved.

The processing tables within the circular table are preferably arranged on the sides of the polyhedron-shaped, fixed intermediate structure. Multiple processing tables can be arranged on each side here.

Advantageously, those working tables exerting the same forces and moments are mounted on opposite sides of said intermediate structure, so that the intermediate structure remains balanced.

Via vertical slides on linear guides on the sides, the processing tables can be moved independently of one another in their height. Depending on the processing step, horizontal guidance is likewise possible.

A preferred embodiment provides that the cut-off device enables the machining station to carry out the cut-off, assembly and press-fit of the workpiece, preferably the bushing in the connecting rod. The processing tables for laser processing and assembly (bolting) are placed in the peripheral area of the ring table, while the work tables for truncation, assembly (expansion, blow-off) and press-fit are located on the intermediate structure. Use the loading table to send the connecting rod to the ring table and then clamp it. The connecting rod is moved to each processing station for processing through the rotatable ring table. That is, laser notching the large hole in the connecting rod, truncating with an expanding core, bolting the assembly and press-fitting the bushing into the small hole in the connecting rod. Finally, the connecting rod is transferred from the ring table to the discharge table.

As long as the next processing station is moved, each connecting rod carries out the processing step without interruption, so that the feeding or discharging of the annular table always takes place. The production capacity is thus controlled via the processing times and numbers of the individual identical processing stations.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Description of drawings

A preferred embodiment of the invention will be described in detail below with the aid of the drawings. In the attached picture

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device according to the invention with a cylindrical intermediate structure;

Fig. 2 is the top view of device shown in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the connecting rod with the completed bearing housing and press-fit bushing;

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the arrangement of processing stations on the device shown in Fig. 1;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the device shown in Figure 1 with a truncated station; and

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the arrangement of the pre-bolting stations of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a device 2 for cutting off a workpiece, preferably a connecting rod 4 , with a machine base 6 , an annular table 8 and an intermediate structure 10 .

The annular table 8 is mounted rotatably on the machine frame 6 and forms the workpiece table. The transmission is carried out by a gear 13 driven by a motor 12 , said gear 13 meshing with an internal rack 14 of the ring table 8 . The rotational position of the ring table 8 is measured by a sensor 16 on the machine base 6 . The connecting rod 4 is spread out radially on the annular platform 8, while the connecting rod 4 is fixed in the radially inner receiving portion 18 and its large hole 20 is arranged outwardly.

The intermediate structure 10 is formed as a kind of turret on the machine bed 6 and is surrounded by the annular platform 8 , wherein the intermediate structure 10 is fixed and serves to support the processing table. To accommodate the vertical slides 22 , 24 , 26 , the intermediate structure 10 is provided on its side 28 with two vertical linear guides 30 in each case. The vertical slides 2 , 24 , 26 clamp the machining table via clamping devices 32 on the clamping surface 34 and are driven via corresponding NC drives on the intermediate structure 10 . The arrangement of the vertical slides 22 , 24 , 26 on the side 28 is determined according to the processing steps to be carried out.

FIG. 2 shows a top view of the device shown in FIG. 1 . The section of the ring table 8 , the intermediate structure 10 and the vertical slides 22 , 24 , 26 , as well as the orientation of the intermediate structure 10 inside the ring table 8 can be clearly seen in this figure.

The annular platform 8 and the intermediate structure 10 each have a polyhedral cross-section. The cross-section of the annular table 8 is hexagonal at its outer circumference 37 and annular at its inner circumference 39 . The intermediate structure 10 has a square cross-section with axial spaces 41 .

For easier access to the large hole 20 of the connecting rod 4 , a rectangular recess 38 substantially opposite to the receiving portion 18 is provided on the annular platform 8 . The exact position of said recess relative to the receiving portion 18 depends on the configuration of the corresponding connecting rod 4 .

The vertical slides 22, 24, 26 have rectangular and prismatic cross-sections. The individual sections are selected such that the direction of the clamping surface 34 for receiving the machining table runs parallel to the tangentially extending edge 40 of the annular table 8 facing the clamping surface 34 . This has the advantage that the machining table is flanged to the machine base 6 radially outwards relative to the clamping surface 34, so that the connecting rod 4 can be easily accessed in a defined basic position. The prismatic cross-section also has the advantage of doubling the number of processing stations on each side 28 of the intermediate structure 10 .

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the connecting rod 4 . There is a separate bearing seat 42 in the large hole 20 of the connecting rod 4 . The bearing seat 42 is divided into a bearing frame 44 and a bearing cover 46 . Bearing frame 44 and bearing cover 46 are assembled together with bolt 48. The position of the fitting surface 50 is determined in advance by two predetermined breaking positions 54 extending axially and radially on the inner peripheral surface 52 . A bushing 58 is press fitted in the small hole 56 of the connecting rod 4 .

FIG. 4 schematically shows the arrangement of processing stations (feeding and unloading station 84, laser station 86, cutting station 88, assembly workbench 90, press-fit workbench 92) for processing the connecting rod 4 shown in FIG. According to the invention, the processing tables 84 , 86 , 88 , 90 , 92 are arranged on the vertical slides 22 , 24 , 26 of the intermediate structure 10 and in the peripheral area of the annular table 8 . Since the ring table 8 is rotatably mounted, the connecting rod 4 can be sent to each processing table.

The advantage of arranging some of the processing stations 88, 90, 92 on the intermediate structure 10 and some of the processing stations 84, 86, 90 on the outside radially results in a very compact device 2 with a small footprint, but can be compared Processing stations 84, 86, 88, 90, 92 are easily accessible.

The connecting rod 4 is conveyed to the feed and discharge table 84 of the ring table 8 (in the peripheral region) and then clamped in the receiving part 18 . The ring table 8 starts to rotate around the intermediate structure 10 and the laser table 86 (in the peripheral area) is activated by the connecting rod 4 . Radially and axially arranged, preferably groove-shaped, predetermined break-off points 54 are provided on the inner peripheral surface 52 of the large bore 20 of the connecting rod 4 by means of a laser. At the cut-off table 88 (supported on the vertical slider), the large hole 20 is divided into the bearing frame 44 and the bearing cover 46 at the predetermined breaking position 54 . The separated connecting rods 4 are transferred via the ring table 8 to the assembly table 90, where the assembly surface 50 is cleaned (installation on the vertical slide) and the bearing is assembled (installation in the peripheral area) with bolts 48 seat. Then press-fit the bushing 58 in the small hole 56 of the connecting rod 4 at the press-fit workbench 92 (installed on the vertical slider), and then the charging and discharging table 84 (in the peripheral area) pushes the connecting rod 4 from the annular Table 8 is taken out.

FIG. 5 shows three cutting tables 88 guided side by side on the intermediate structure 10 . Each truncated station 88 has a shell, expansion device 96 and retainer 98 . The cut-off table 88 is supported by its rectangular shell 94 via the clamping device 32 on the clamping surface 34 of the vertical slide 22 and extends over the radial width of the annular table 8 . The expansion device 96 and the fixed table 98 are fixedly supported on the housing 94 . The expansion device 96 is arranged in the housing 94 between the holder 98 and the clamping surface 34 of the vertical slide 22 , so that the expansion core 100 of the expansion device 98 can be introduced into the large hole 20 of the connecting rod 4 . The holder 98 is arranged on the annular table 8 above the recess 38 and has a recess 102 formed on the side facing the expansion core 100 in order to support the bearing cap 46 in the radial and axial direction during cutting.

Immediately after the connecting rod 4 aligned on the annular table 8 is transferred to the cutting table 88, the expansion core is sent into the large hole 20 of the connecting rod 4 by the vertical movement of the vertical slide 22. The retainer 98 is fed together and wraps around the engaging bearing cap 46 . The large opening 20 is divided successively at the predetermined breaking point 54 into a bearing frame 44 and a bearing cover 46 by means of the radially outwardly expandable expansion top plate of the expansion core 100 . Due to the supporting function of the holder 98 to the bearing cover 46, no deformation of the bearing frame 44 and the bearing cover 46 occurs at the second predetermined cut-off position 54 to be separated. After the large hole 20 of the connecting rod 4 is separated, the vertical slider 22 is retracted, so that the expansion core 100 and the fixer 98 release the connecting rod 4, and the connecting rod 4 can be transferred to the next processing station through the ring table 8.

Arranging the cutting table 88 on the vertical slide 22, besides the compact structure of the device 2, also has the advantage that the expansion core 100 and the holder 98 can be brought into their working position only by the movement of the vertical slide 22 . Furthermore, it has the advantage that the cutting table 88 does not presuppose material input and can be embodied very compactly, so that several cutting tables 88 can be fastened adjacently on the vertical slide 22 .

In order to exert the load generated during processing on the intermediate structure 10 more evenly, it is advantageous if the processing table is arranged on the intermediate structure 10 according to the force it acts on the connecting rod 4 . That is to say, the run-off table 88 is preferably arranged at a diametrical position on the intermediate structure 10 relative to the press-fit table 92 .

FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of a pre-assembled bolt station 60 as part of an assembly station 90 of the device 2 according to the invention. The pre-installed bolt table 60 has a machine base 62 , a known vertically and horizontally movable workbench 64 and a known bolt tightening device 66 . Also the expansion device 68 is part of the pre-assembled bolt table 60 .

The support 62 of preinstalled bolt platform 60 faces the clamping surface 82 of the vertical slide block 24 of prismatic, in the peripheral region of ring platform 8, is connected on the support 6 of ring platform 8 with flange. This is preferably the clamping surface 82 adjacent to the cut-off platform 88 . On the support 62 of the pre-installed bolt platform 60, the bolt tightening device 66 is arranged on the vertically and horizontally movable workbench. As a result, the screw tightening device 66 can be moved in the horizontal plane parallel and perpendicular to the clamped connecting rod 4 so that the connecting rod 4 can be transported. The screw tightening device 66 has a screw head 72 and a screw delivery device 74 . Each connecting rod 4 is contacted and assembled by means of a corresponding movement of the vertical and horizontal table 64 by the bolt head 72 .

The expansion device 68 has three expansion cores 76 and three integrated blowing devices 78 . The expansion device 68 is installed on the clamping surface 82 of the vertical slider 24 with the bracket 80 on the clamping device 32 opposite to the bolt tightening device 66 . The expansion device 68 is actuated correspondingly to the actuation of the screw-tightening station 66 .

By means of the pre-installed bolt table 60, the loose and falling chips of the microscopic and macroscopic interlaced junctions of the assembly surface 50 of the bearing seat 42 are cleaned. The two bolts are conveyed to the connecting rod 4 by the bolt feeding device 74 and the bearing seat 42 is assembled with a certain rotational torque, and the expansion core 76 is also guided into the large bore 20 and the assembly force is counteracted by a counter force. Loosen the bolt 48 and blow off the disconnected position 50 with a blower 78 . The bolt head 76 then passes another connecting rod 4 through the traverse table 78 and the process starts all over again. After all the bearing seats of the longitudinal side 40 have been blown clean, the connecting rod is guided to the next machining station to reassemble its bearing seats 42 by the rotary motion of the annular table.

The subsequent machining station is the last screw-tightening station mounted on the other clamping face 83 of the prismatic vertical slide 24 and opposite it. The last screw-tightening station described is likewise part of the assembly station 90 and has essentially the same construction as the pre-installation station, however the screw feeder 74 and optionally the blower 78 can be omitted. The assembly of the bearing block 42 is carried out according to the assembly at the pre-installed bolt table 60 .

By the aforesaid vertical slide block 26 in the prismatic shape and arranging the assembly table 90 against it, it is possible to allow the bolt tightening device and the final bolt tightening station of the pre-installed bolt station 60 to move from the ring platform 8 only in one direction. The base 10 of the frame protrudes, thereby achieving a compact construction of the device 2 .

In terms of the vertical travelability of the vertical slider 24 can be optimally utilized by the movement of the expansion core 76 along the vertical axis and the short working stroke of the expansion core 76 into and out of the bearing seat 42, the expansion device 68 is advantageously arranged on the vertical slide 24 .

The number of expansion cores 76 and blowing devices 78 can vary. For example, it is conceivable to provide only one blower 78 per screw fastening 66 , wherein the expansion core 76 and the blower 78 can be displaced horizontally on the vertical slide 24 .

Another embodiment provides that the vertical slides 22 , 24 , 26 do not extend over the entire width of the sides of the intermediate structure 10 , but instead are designed to be guided on a linear guide 30 . As a result, a plurality of processing stations, which can be adjusted in height independently of one another, can be arranged on the side 28 of the intermediate structure 10 .

It is conceivable to guide the expansion core 76 of the pre-assembled screw table 60 and the expansion core 76 of the final screw-in screw table 60 independently of one another on two different vertical slides 22 , 24 , 26 .

A further embodiment provides that the vertical slides 22 , 24 , 26 are designed as longitudinal slides, so that, like the processing table, they can be moved horizontally at a distance from the intermediate structure 10 . Possible inaccuracies in the alignment of the connecting rod 4 on the annular table 8 can thus be compensated for.

In addition, when the press-fit table 92 is supported on such vertically and horizontally moving sliders, for example, the press-fitting table 92 can be moved horizontally after the press-fit bushing 58, and the calibration tool can be used for positioning and using the vertically and horizontally moving sliders for correction. Shaft sleeve 58.

One embodiment provides that the bolts 48 for the assembly process are not conveyed during assembly, but the bolts 48 are conveyed before the connecting rod 4 is cut off and screwed in with bias or loosely. This has the advantage that no retainers are required to hold the disconnected half-bearings 44, 46 and that elastic deformation of the bearing housing 42 is avoided during the truncation. It is irrelevant here whether the bearing frame 44 or the bearing cover 46 is disconnected during the cut-off process.

A device for machining workpieces is disclosed, in which at least one machining table is arranged inside a table formed as an annular table and the remaining machining tables are arranged in the peripheral region of the annular table.

Claims (15)

1. be used to block the device (2) of workpiece, comprise and be used for from what the part of cutting was blocked blocking workbench (88) and/or carving the cutting workbench (86) of the groove of determining cleaved facet, and/or be used for screwing the fitter's bench (90) of the part of disconnection with bolt, and be used to clamp work stage (8) with intercepted workpiece, it is characterized in that, in the machine table (86,88,90) at least one is arranged on the intermediate structure (10), described in intermediate structure (10) hold installation by the work stage of rotatable annular table (8) form.

2. the device that is used to block workpiece as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described intermediate structure (10) is fixed.

3. as the device that is used to block workpiece of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described intermediate structure (10) constitutes the control tower of polygonal cross-section, wherein at least one side (28), can fix at least one machine table (86,88,90).

4. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that, by the drive unit (36) of NC control, described machine table (86,88,90) can go up motion at the upright slide block with at least one line slideway (30) (22,24,26).

5. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that the importing of described workpiece (4) and derive by charging workbench (84) and discharging workbench (84) and undertaken in described annular table (8) outside.

6. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that the cutting of described workpiece (4) is carried out with laser work platform (86).

7. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that described laser work platform (86) is placed in the outer regions of described annular table (8).

8. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that, can go up with predetermined rotation process at fitter's bench (90) workpiece half (44,46) that has separated is assembled together.

9. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that, described fitter's bench (90) is provided with the prepackage bolt platform (60) and the final bolt that respectively have an expansion chipware (76) and screws workbench, and blowing device (78), wherein said expansion chipware (76) is fixed on the upright slide block (22,24,26) of described intermediate structure (10), thereby intersects perpendicular to the clamping area (82,83) of described annular table (8).

10. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that the expansion chipware (76) that the expansion chipware (76) of described prepackage bolt platform (60) and described final bolt screw workbench is fixed on two of described intermediate structure (10) independently on the upright slide block.

11. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that, the described workbench (88) that blocks radially relatively is arranged on the described intermediate structure (10) with described machine table, and the described workbench (88) that blocks applies equal power and moment when the described workpiece of processing (4).

12. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that, relatively go up arrangement interference fit workbench (92) in described intermediate structure (10) with the described workbench (88) that blocks, it is preferably used for an axle sleeve (58) and is press fit in the workpiece (4).

13. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that, be provided for the markers work platform of marking for described workpiece (4).

14. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that the described machine table (88,90,92) that goes up guiding in described intermediate structure (10) is arranged in alternately side with the described machine table (84,86,90) that is arranged in the outer regions of described annular table (8).

15. as each the device that is used to block workpiece of above claim, it is characterized in that described workpiece (4) is a connecting rod.

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