CN1468828A - Organic fertilizer and its production process - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer and its production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1468828A CN1468828A CNA02135314XA CN02135314A CN1468828A CN 1468828 A CN1468828 A CN 1468828A CN A02135314X A CNA02135314X A CN A02135314XA CN 02135314 A CN02135314 A CN 02135314A CN 1468828 A CN1468828 A CN 1468828A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizer producing technology. Organic fertilizer is produced with fruit slag, assistant, complex enzyme and water and the material may contain some nitrogen fertilizer. The production process includes producing composite enzyme preparation containing cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase with selected aerobic bacteria strain; mixing fruit slag, assistant, complex enzyme and water in certain proportion; and fermentation inside a sealed fermenting bin via temperature raising stage, high temperature stage, temperature lowering stage and fertilizer maintaining stage to produce the organic fertilizer. During the production, lime is used to neutralize acid fruit slag and increase calcium in the fertilizer, and artificial semi-earth compost fermentation technique is utilized to lower production cost.
Description
One, technical field:
The invention belongs to the agrochemical technical field, especially the organic fertilizer technical field.
Two, background technology:
Pomace is the residuum after apple is squeezed the juice, owing to can not get handling timely and effectively for a long time, fruit bat grows, foul smell distributes, and severe contamination surrounding environment.Domestic research to apple waste starts from late nineteen eighties, mainly is that the research apple waste is produced feed (pig, ox etc.), then excrement of animals is imposed on soil, realizes the ecological circulation balance.But apple waste can not directly be made feed, must be equipped with the feed that grain such as corn just can be made pig, ox happiness food, expend a large amount of grain.
Three, summary of the invention:
Pomace is the waste after the fruit juice concentrate, generally can account for processing apple heavy 87.5%, solid content about 20%.Contain the required nutritive elements of crop growthing development such as organic substances such as abundant VITAMIN, Mierocrystalline cellulose, pectin, organic acid and N, P, K, Mn, Fe, B, Zn, Ca, Mg in the pomace, the using value on agricultural is high.Pomace utilizes does not at present also have good approach, pomace is turned waste into wealth in the present invention, utilize advanced microbial fermentation technology, pomace is transformed into the organic fertilizer that is rich in organic and microorganism secretion thing, the new approach that tentatively find out a pomace resource utilization, comprehensive utilization of waste materials, turns waste into wealth can solve the environmental problem that pomace pollutes.
All kinds of substances content see Table 1 in the pomace.
Table 1, pomace analysis of components be table look-up as a result
| Organic | ????94.48％ | ????Mg | ????0.203％ |
| Full N | ????1.58％ | ????Fe | ????0.441％ |
| Full P (P 2O 5) | ????0.51％ | ????Mn | ????70.06mg/ |
| Full K (K 2O) | ????1.28％ | ????Zn | ????127.2mg/ |
| ????Ca | ????0.37％ | ????B | ????13.46mg/ |
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, providing a kind of is base-material with the pomace, and pomace is turned waste into wealth, and can improve the soil, is beneficial to crop growth, is rich in the organic fertilizer and the production technique thereof of organic matter and microorganism secretion thing.
The technical solution used in the present invention
A kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contains 30-50 part pomace, 4-10 part auxiliary agent, 0.02-0.1 part prozyme, 44-64 part water in per 100 parts.
Because C, the N of pomace need to add an amount of N element (urea) than more than 50 times, C, N ratio can be adjusted to 25～35 times, satisfy the needs that microorganism growth is grown, and help fermentation.Therefore, in per 100 parts of organic fertilizer, also can contain nitrogenous fertilizer 1-3 part.
Described pomace, pH value 2.5 contains organic substances such as abundant pectin, Mierocrystalline cellulose, Weibull, is the main raw material source of organic fertilizer.
Described auxiliary agent, by lime and slag mix obtain contain Ca15～20%, and contain the alkaline matter of mineral elements such as Fe, Mg, Si, in being mainly used in and the organic acid in the pomace, generate calcium of organic acid with organic acid reaction, and the pomace potential of hydrogen can be adjusted to the required pH value of mixed enzyme fermentation.Simultaneously, auxiliary powder is broken to 20～80 orders as weighting material, also can be the pomace fermentation competent space is provided, reduce the negative impact of pomace viscosity, guarantee that pomace can fully fermentation under aerobic condition.The calcium of organic acid that the fermentation back forms can provide competent calcium source for crop, prevents multiple calcium deficiency physiological diseases such as apple bitter pit, blade spot disease.In addition, auxiliary agent can be improved the soil after being manured into soil with fertilizer effectively.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, is the main source of N.
Described compound enzymic preparation is the compound enzymic preparation that contains cellulase, hemicellulase, polygalacturonase.
The production technique of above-mentioned organic fertilizer is as follows:
1. the preparation of enzyme
(1) enzyme selects for use
Organic fertilizer is meant at the microorganism secretion thing---the product that under the effect of enzyme pomace is decomposed, adopt compost method to make.The microorganism that compost is used is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is anaerobic species; Another kind is aerobic bacterial classification.The former works to resolvent under the environment of anaerobic and other suitable condition; The latter is worked to resolvent under aerobic environment and other suitable condition.Because constituents such as pomace platymiscium pericarp and fruit stone, contain the hemicellulose that Mierocrystalline cellulose and dextran, multiple hexose and pentose are formed, and the carbohydrate of high-polymerization degree such as pectin, therefore, choosing aerobic bacterial classification ferments to pomace, secrete the compound enzymic preparation that to contain cellulase, hemicellulase, polygalacturonase by aerobic bacteria, enzyme moiety and vigor size that it contains are: cellulase 3000-7000u/g, hemicellulase 25000-35000u/g, polygalacturonase 6000-10000u/g.
(2) production technique of enzyme
The production of enzyme preparation that is used to decompose apple waste adopts solid state fermentation production based on microbe fermentation method.Its production technique such as figure below:
Slant strains → triangular flask → first order seed → secondary seed
Air → compression → filtration ↓
↓?????↓
Substratum → sterilization → cooling → inoculation → solid state fermentation cultivation → extraction enzyme liquid → concentrate → drying → enzyme powder → pulverizing → batching → compound enzymic preparation
(3) enzyme decomposes the ultimate principle of pomace
Cellulase, hemicellulase and polygalacturonase compound formulation are applied to the fermentation of pomace, and its ultimate principle of decomposing pomace is as follows:
Cellulase comprises C1 enzyme, Cx enzyme and β-1-4 glucuroide, wherein the C1 enzyme can be decomposed into activated cellulose with crystalline cellulose, can reduce degree of crystallinity, effect through the Cx enzyme afterwards can be decomposed into activated cellulose cellobiose and fiber oligosaccharide, after the effect of β-1-4 glucuroide can be resolved into micromolecular glucose.Cellulase requires pH to be generally 4.8～5.5, can decompose robust fibre consumingly in the time of 50 ℃.Concrete act as: the C1 enzyme can decompose natural cellulose; The Cx enzyme divides restriction endonuclease and excision enzyme, and to being worked by the cellulosic molecule of C1 enzymic hydrolysis, hydrolysate is Mierocrystalline cellulose oligose, cellobiose and a small amount of glucose; β-1-4 glucuroide works to Mierocrystalline cellulose oligose and cellobiose, and hydrolysate is a glucose.
Hemicellulase comprises zytase, mannase, arabanase and poly-galactase etc., mainly is that the hemicellulose in the vegetable cell is decomposed into various five-carbon sugars, and can reduce the viscosity of hemicellulose after water-soluble.
Pectin is a kind of polysaccharide, and it is the pectic acid (galacturonic acid) that contains many methylated carboxyls.Glycosidic link between the polygalacturonase cleavable monose, and slough water molecules, decompose the pectin that is wrapped in plant peel, reduce the viscosity of apple waste, and promote the decomposition of plant tissue.Protopectin-generates soluble pectin through the protopectinase effect; Soluble pectin generates pectic acid and methyl alcohol under the effect of water and pectin methyl esterase; Pectic acid generates galacturonic under the effect of water and polygalacturonase.The final product of clostridium pectinovorum decompose pectin matter is butyric acid, acetate, hydrogen, carbonic acid gas, and the final product of clostridium felsineum decompose pectin matter also has small amount of acetone and butanols except above-mentioned various products.
2. the biological decomposition of pomace
A, temperature rise period: the material that pomace, auxiliary agent, prozyme are formed is mixed in proportion, converts water, is made into the batch mixing compost of dry weight 45%, water content 55%.Through fully stirring, the fermentation cabin of packing into is then also filled, is sealed, the initial temperature of general requirement is more than 25 ℃, can make mesophilic microorganism bacterium (having a liking for the mushroom of warm aerobic microorganism based on no sporeformer, sporeformer and mould spore bacterium etc.) enter vigorous nursery stage, begin organism is decomposed, labile carbohydrates such as monose, starch can be decomposed rapidly, can be raised to more than 50 ℃ through temperature about 20 hours approximately.In this stage, heat constantly accumulates in the microorganism digestive process if the people is for heat supply is added, just can save digestion time greatly.Also can contain nitrogenous fertilizer in the said mixture material.
B. hot stage: when the fermentation cabin temperature reaches 60-70 ℃, it is dead even that mesophilic microorganism has been subjected to suppressing, this moment is except putrefactive organism continues to decompose, some difficult organism that decompose, also be decomposed gradually as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, microbial activitiess such as some thermophilic funguss, good hot actinomycetes, good hot genus bacillus just take advantage gradually, and soil ulmin begins to form.When temperature was raised to more than 70 ℃, a large amount of thermophilic mushrooms was dead or enter dormant state, and under the effect of various enzymes, organism is still decomposing, but because death or the activity of microorganism weaken, produced heat and reduce, and temperature reduces gradually in the storehouse.When heap temperature when being lower than below 70 ℃, the good hot microorganism of dormancy enlivens and produces new heat again, and through remaining on 70 ℃ high temperature level repeatedly several times, soil ulmin basically forms, the composting material preliminarily stabilised.If condition is improper, high-temperature duration may be shorter, do not reach due purpose, and forfeit oxygen between must be suitably this moment.
C. temperature-fall period: after high temperature continues for some time, along with weakening of microbial activities, compost temperature drops to about 40 ℃, the material that wherein is easy to decompose decomposes substantially and finishes, and is easy to be basically formed by the soil ulmin that crop absorbs, and remaining major part is a Mierocrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and other stable material, these materials are soil microorganisms existence and metabolic basis, therefore it must be retained in the fertilizer, and not need to proceed to decompose again.
D. protect the fertile stage: when the pomace major part is decomposed, formed stable organic matter, in order to preserve nutritive elements such as established soil ulmin and minor N, P, K, guarantee that the organic fertilizer nutrient that has become thoroughly decomposed is steady, preferably can under anaerobic preserve, to prevent the occurring nutritive element mineralization once more.
The compost fermentation condition: fermentation starting temperature more than 25 ℃, humidity 45-65%, pH value 5.5～8,7～10 days time, C, N ratio is 25～35.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention utilizes pomace to make the fertilizer raw material,
A, successfully feed complex enzyme preparation is applied to pomace fermentation, makes fertilizer;
B, successfully adopt in the lime and acid pomace, the acidity that had both solved pomace influences the fermentation problem, has solved the problem that lacks nutrition calcium in the fertilizer again;
C, successfully adopt artificial half local method compost fermentation technology, when solving the biological fermentation problem, saved because of the required fund of investment fermentor tank.
Four, embodiment:
Embodiment 1, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contains 30 portions of pomaces, 10 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.1 part of prozyme, 59.9 parts of water by weight.
Described auxiliary agent is obtained by lime and slag mixing, contains Ca15～20%, and contain mineral elements such as Fe, Mg, Si, be mainly used in and pomace in organic acid, generate calcium of organic acid with organic acid reaction, and the pomace potential of hydrogen can be adjusted to the required pH value of mixed enzyme fermentation.Simultaneously, auxiliary powder is broken to 20～80 orders as weighting material, also can be the pomace fermentation competent space is provided, reduce the negative impact of pomace viscosity, guarantee that pomace can fully fermentation under aerobic condition.The calcium of organic acid that the fermentation back forms can provide competent calcium source for crop, prevents multiple calcium deficiency physiological diseases such as apple bitter pit, blade spot disease.In addition, auxiliary agent can be improved the soil after being manured into soil with fertilizer effectively.
The production technique of above-mentioned organic fertilizer is as follows:
1. the preparation of enzyme
Choosing aerobic bacterial classification ferments to pomace, secrete the compound enzymic preparation that to contain cellulase, hemicellulase, polygalacturonase by aerobic bacteria, enzyme moiety and vigor size that it contains are: cellulase 3000-7000u/g, hemicellulase 25000-35000u/g, polygalacturonase 6000-10000u/g.
Adopt solid state fermentation to produce compound enzymic preparation.Its production technique such as figure below:
Slant strains → triangular flask → first order seed → secondary seed
Air → compression → filtration ↓
↓????↓
Substratum → sterilization → cooling → inoculation → solid state fermentation cultivation → extraction enzyme liquid → concentrate → drying → enzyme powder → pulverizing → batching → compound enzymic preparation
Cellulase, hemicellulase and polygalacturonase compound formulation are applied to the fermentation of pomace, its
Cellulase comprises C1 enzyme, Cx ' enzyme and β-1-4 glucuroide, wherein the C1 enzyme can be decomposed into activated cellulose with crystalline cellulose, can reduce degree of crystallinity, effect through the Cx enzyme afterwards can be decomposed into activated cellulose cellobiose and fiber oligosaccharide, after the effect of β-1-4 glucuroide can be resolved into micromolecular glucose.Cellulase requires pH to be generally 4.8～5.5, can decompose robust fibre consumingly in the time of 50 ℃.Concrete act as: the C1 enzyme can decompose natural cellulose; The Cx enzyme divides restriction endonuclease and excision enzyme, and to being worked by the cellulosic molecule of C1 enzymic hydrolysis, hydrolysate is Mierocrystalline cellulose oligose, cellobiose and a small amount of glucose; β-1-4 glucuroide works to Mierocrystalline cellulose oligose and cellobiose, and hydrolysate is a glucose.
Hemicellulase comprises zytase, mannase, arabanase and poly-galactase etc., mainly is that the hemicellulose in the vegetable cell is decomposed into various five-carbon sugars, and can reduce the viscosity of hemicellulose after water-soluble.
Pectin is a kind of polysaccharide, and it is the pectic acid (galacturonic acid) that contains many methylated carboxyls.Glycosidic link between the polygalacturonase cleavable monose, and slough water molecules, decompose the pectin that is wrapped in plant peel, reduce the viscosity of apple waste, and promote the decomposition of plant tissue.Protopectin-generates soluble pectin through the protopectinase effect; Soluble pectin generates pectic acid and methyl alcohol under the effect of water and pectin methyl esterase; Pectic acid generates galacturonic under the effect of water and polygalacturonase.The final product of clostridium pectinovorum decompose pectin matter is butyric acid, acetate, hydrogen, carbonic acid gas, and the final product of clostridium felsineum decompose pectin matter also has small amount of acetone and butanols except above-mentioned various products.
2. the biological decomposition of pomace
A, temperature rise period: the mixture of above-mentioned organic fertilizer is mixed in proportion, converts water, be made into the batch mixing compost of dry weight 45%, water content 55%.Through fully stirring, the fermentation cabin of packing into is then also filled, is sealed, the initial temperature of general requirement is more than 25 ℃, can make mesophilic microorganism bacterium (having a liking for the mushroom of warm aerobic microorganism based on no sporeformer, sporeformer and mould spore bacterium etc.) enter vigorous nursery stage, begin organism is decomposed, labile carbohydrates such as monose, starch can be decomposed rapidly, can be raised to more than 50 ℃ through temperature about 20 hours approximately.In this stage, heat constantly accumulates in the microorganism digestive process if the people is for heat supply is added, just can save digestion time greatly.
B. hot stage: when the fermentation cabin temperature reaches 60-70 ℃, it is dead even that mesophilic microorganism has been subjected to suppressing, this moment is except putrefactive organism continues to decompose, some difficult organism that decompose, also be decomposed gradually as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, microbial activitiess such as some thermophilic funguss, good hot actinomycetes, good hot genus bacillus just take advantage gradually, and soil ulmin begins to form.When temperature was raised to more than 70 ℃, a large amount of thermophilic mushrooms was dead or enter dormant state, and under the effect of various enzymes, organism is still decomposing, but because death or the activity of microorganism weaken, produced heat and reduce, and temperature reduces gradually in the storehouse.When heap temperature when being lower than below 70 ℃, the good hot microorganism of dormancy enlivens and produces new heat again, and through remaining on 70 ℃ high temperature level repeatedly several times, soil ulmin basically forms, the composting material preliminarily stabilised.If condition is improper, high-temperature duration may be shorter, do not reach due purpose, and forfeit oxygen between must be suitably this moment.
C. temperature-fall period: after high temperature continues for some time, along with weakening of microbial activities, compost temperature drops to about 40 ℃, the material that wherein is easy to decompose decomposes substantially and finishes, and is easy to be basically formed by the soil ulmin that crop absorbs, and remaining major part is a Mierocrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and other stable material, these materials are soil microorganisms existence and metabolic basis, therefore it must be retained in the fertilizer, and not need to proceed to decompose again.
D. protect the fertile stage: when the pomace major part is decomposed, formed stable organic matter, in order to preserve nutritive elements such as established soil ulmin and minor N, P, K, guarantee that the organic fertilizer nutrient that has become thoroughly decomposed is steady, preferably can under anaerobic preserve, to prevent the occurring nutritive element mineralization once more.
The compost fermentation condition: fermentation starting temperature more than 25 ℃, humidity 45-65%, pH value 5.5～8,7～10 days time, C, N ratio is 25～35.
The test result of organic fertilizer
After three days, test water content 53.40%, TOC 29.60%; After seven days, water content 42.80%, TOC 33.20%.
Seedling growth test and CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND soil microorganisms controlled trial
The seedling growth test of organic fertilizer: pomace has not only lost part nitrogen in digest process, and the inorganic N of part, P, K also are transformed into organic N, P, K.Simultaneously, the test-results of organic fertilizer with the mineral manure sand culture rape seedling of waiting N, P, K shown, its upgrowth situation of seedling of cultivating with organic fertilizer is better than the mineral manure that waits N, P, K, and this is relevant with more amino acid, aminosugar attitude nitrogen and the organic acid of generation in the organic fertilizer.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND soil microorganisms controlled trial: after adding organic fertilizer, various microbe populatioies are compared with control group all to be increased to some extent.After applying organic fertilizer, the bacterium number maximum occurs and corresponding time control group compares, amount of bacteria increases by 54.9%, fungi increases by 33.3%, and actinomycetes reduce 13.2%, and ammonifying bacteria increases 30.3%, nitrifier increases by 1002.0%, CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIUM increases by 180.0%, and respiration increases by 21.2%, and the Mierocrystalline cellulose decomposition intensity increases by 57.5%.The increase of ammonifying bacteria, nitrifier, quantity of cellulose decomposing bacteria can be accelerated the decomposition rate of the soil organism, makes it to be converted into the ammonia-state nitrogen, the nitric nitrogen that are easily absorbed by crop, can improve the decomposition rate of the residual body of edaphophyte.Therefore, add organic fertilizer and can improve soil microbial activities, increase soil fertility.
Present embodiment utilizes pomace to make the fertilizer raw material,
A, successfully feed complex enzyme preparation is applied to pomace fermentation, makes fertilizer;
B, successfully adopt in the lime and acid pomace, the acidity that had both solved pomace influences the fermentation problem, has solved the problem that lacks nutrition calcium in the fertilizer again;
C, successfully adopt artificial half local method compost fermentation technology, when solving the biological fermentation problem, saved because of the required fund of investment fermentor tank.Present embodiment adopts the pomace fermentation technique, and insoluble organism in the pomace is transformed into can be by the active organic matter of crop absorption.Through check, this product quality indicator is as follows:
Index name desired value measured value
Total organic matter, % (m/m) 〉=30.0 40.8
Humic acids, % (m/m) 〉=5.0 7.7
Total nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O), % (m/m) 〉=20.0 20.1
Total nitrogen (N), % (m/m) 〉=7.0 8.6
Total phosphorus (P2O5), % (m/m) 〉=4.0 5.5
Total potassium (K2O), % (m/m) 〉=4.0 6.0
Moisture content, % (m/m)≤12.0 11.8
Moderate-element (Ca+Mg+S), % (m/m) 〉=5.0 8.1
Embodiment 2, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 44 portions of pomaces, 4 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.07 part of prozyme, 51.93 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 3, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 50 portions of pomaces, 5.98 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.02 part of prozyme, 44 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 4, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 30.96 portions of pomaces, 5 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.04 part of prozyme, 64 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 5, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 30 portions of pomaces, 10 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.1 part of prozyme, 3 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 56.9 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 6, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 40 portions of pomaces, 8 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.07 part of prozyme, 2.5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 49.43 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 7, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 45 portions of pomaces, 6 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.05 part of prozyme, 1.8 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 47.15 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 8, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 50 portions of pomaces, 4 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.02 part of prozyme, 1.98 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 44 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 9, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 32.12 portions of pomaces, 6 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.08 part of prozyme, 1.8 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 60 parts of water by weight.
Embodiment 10, and a kind of organic fertilizer is a base-material with the pomace, contain 30.96 portions of pomaces, 4 parts of auxiliary agents, 0.04 part of prozyme, 1 part of nitrogenous fertilizer, 64 parts of water by weight.
The foregoing description 2-10, the production technique of its organic fertilizer is identical with embodiment 1, can reach the beneficial effect of embodiment 1 equally.
Claims (10)
1. an organic fertilizer is characterized in that organic fertilizer is to contain 30-50 part pomace, 4-10 part auxiliary agent, 0.02-0.1 part prozyme, 44-64 part water in per 100 parts.
2,, it is characterized in that organic fertilizer is also to contain nitrogenous fertilizer 1-3 part in per 100 parts according to the described a kind of organic fertilizer of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that described pomace is the organic substance that contains pectin, Mierocrystalline cellulose, Weibull etc. according to the described a kind of organic fertilizer of claim 1; Described auxiliary agent contains mineral elements such as Fe, Mg, Si for containing Ca15～20%, is crushed to the alkaline matter of 20～80 orders as weighting material; Described prozyme is the compound enzymic preparation that contains cellulase, hemicellulase, polygalacturonase.
4,, it is characterized in that described auxiliary agent obtains for being mixed by lime and slag according to the described a kind of organic fertilizer of claim 3.
5,, it is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea according to the described a kind of organic fertilizer of claim 2.
6, a kind of technique for producing organic fertilizer is characterized in that its production process is that (1) chooses aerobic bacterial classification, is secreted the compound enzymic preparation that to contain cellulase, hemicellulase, polygalacturonase by aerobic bacteria; (2) biological decomposition of pomace: the material that pomace, auxiliary agent, prozyme are formed is mixed in proportion, converts water and is made into the batch mixing compost, through fully stirring, pack into fermentation cabin, sealing generate organic fertilizer through temperature rise period, hot stage, temperature-fall period, guarantor in the fertile stage.
7,, it is characterized in that also including nitrogenous fertilizer in the biological decomposition operation mixture of described pomace according to the described a kind of technique for producing organic fertilizer of claim 6.
8, according to claim 6 or 7 described a kind of technique for producing organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that described compound enzymic preparation adopts solid state fermentation production, its production technique is as follows:
Slant strains → triangular flask → first order seed → secondary seed
Air → compression → filtration ↓
↓??????↓
Substratum → sterilization → cooling → inoculation → solid state fermentation cultivation → extraction enzyme liquid → concentrate → drying → enzyme powder → pulverizing → batching → compound enzymic preparation
9,, it is characterized in that the biological decomposition compost fermentation condition of pomace is according to claim 6 or 7 described a kind of technique for producing organic fertilizer: fermentation starting temperature more than 25 ℃, humidity 45-65%, pH value 5.5～8,7～10 days time, C, N ratio is 25～35.
10, according to claim 6 or 7 described a kind of technique for producing organic fertilizer, the biological decomposition temperature rise period that it is characterized in that described pomace is: with the material of pomace, auxiliary agent, nitrogenous fertilizer, prozyme composition, water is made into the batch mixing compost, through fully stirring, the fermentation cabin of packing into is then also filled, is sealed, and starting temperature is more than 25 ℃; The biological decomposition hot stage of described pomace is: when the fermentation cabin temperature reached 60-70 ℃, soil ulmin began to form; When temperature was raised to more than 70 ℃, temperature reduced gradually in the storehouse; When heap temperature when being lower than below 70 ℃, the good hot microorganism of dormancy enlivens and produces new heat again, and through remaining on 70 ℃ high temperature level repeatedly several times, soil ulmin basically forms, the composting material preliminarily stabilised; In the middle of the hot stage can between forfeit oxygen; The biological decomposition temperature-fall period of described pomace: behind the high temperature, compost temperature drops to about 40 ℃, the material decomposition that is easy to decompose finishes, the soil ulmin that is easy to be absorbed by crop forms, remaining is Mierocrystalline cellulose, and lignocellulose and other stable material, these materials are soil microorganisms existence and metabolic basis, be retained in the fertilizer, no longer decompose; The biological decomposition of described pomace is protected the fertile stage: when the pomace major part is decomposed, formed stable organic matter, in order to preserve nutritive elements such as established soil ulmin and minor N, P, K, guarantee that the organic fertilizer nutrient that has become thoroughly decomposed is steady, should under anaerobic preserve.
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| CN102958347A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2013-03-06 | Fb科技控股公司 | Methods of reducing plant stress |
| CN104151015A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-11-19 | 怀宁县牧之金畜禽实业有限责任公司 | Quick-acting organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing acorn powder |
| CN106518517A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 唐振瑜 | An active bacterium composition and a method of preparing a biological organic fertilizer by utilizing the composition |
| CN108440094A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-24 | 淮北市菲美得环保科技有限公司 | A kind of zymotechnique of environment-friendly type water chestnut liquid manure |
| EP4660173A1 (en) | 2024-06-03 | 2025-12-10 | GreenGrow d.o.o. | A process and a system for continous production of organic fertiliser from fruit pomace and an organic fertiliser obtained with said process |
-
2002
- 2002-07-20 CN CNA02135314XA patent/CN1468828A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102958347A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2013-03-06 | Fb科技控股公司 | Methods of reducing plant stress |
| CN102958347B (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2015-03-11 | Fb科技控股公司 | Methods of reducing plant stress |
| CN104151015A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-11-19 | 怀宁县牧之金畜禽实业有限责任公司 | Quick-acting organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing acorn powder |
| CN106518517A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 唐振瑜 | An active bacterium composition and a method of preparing a biological organic fertilizer by utilizing the composition |
| CN108440094A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-24 | 淮北市菲美得环保科技有限公司 | A kind of zymotechnique of environment-friendly type water chestnut liquid manure |
| EP4660173A1 (en) | 2024-06-03 | 2025-12-10 | GreenGrow d.o.o. | A process and a system for continous production of organic fertiliser from fruit pomace and an organic fertiliser obtained with said process |
| WO2025252601A1 (en) | 2024-06-03 | 2025-12-11 | Greengrow D.O.O. | A process and a system for continuous production of organic fertiliser from fruit pomace and an organic fertiliser obtained with said process |
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