CN1467631A - A method of program dynamic loading - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for dynamically loading programs on a chip array. A method for dynamically loading a program, characterized in that it includes: dividing the program to be loaded into segments, loading each segment of the program one by one according to a certain time interval during loading, and reassembling a complete program file after all the programs are loaded , so as to realize the dynamic loading of the program. The invention divides the loaded program into segments, identifies and indexes each segment through the segment serial number information in the segment header, and loads each segment one by one at a certain time interval when loading the program, avoiding the long-term occupation of the bus by program loading and eliminating the need for normal business operations. The impact of communication, so as to realize the dynamic loading of the program, that is, the normal business communication can not be interrupted when the program is loaded.

Description

A method of program dynamic loading

technical field

The invention relates to the communication field, in particular to the dynamic loading of programs on chip arrays.

technical background

Due to the development of semiconductor technology and the increasing demand of users for equipment capacity, it has become a trend to arrange chip arrays on a single board. The chip array is composed of multiple chips. The chips may realize the same function, or may realize different functions but cooperate or complement each other. The chips are connected together by a bus to form an array.

In order to simplify the design, many chip arrays adopt the implementation scheme that the service interface and the program loading interface share a set of physical buses, that is, the service data flow and the data flow of the loading program are transmitted and communicated through the same set of buses. Therefore, in order to avoid the impact of bus contention on business data communication, the loading program must be carried out when the chip array does not transmit business data, otherwise, it will cause bus contention, leading to confusion and errors. Even if a certain chip in the chip array is loaded, it is bound to interrupt or seriously affect the service communication of the whole chip array.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is aimed at above situation, proposes a kind of method of dynamic loading program, overcomes the shortcoming that competition bus waits for:

A method for program dynamic loading, characterized by comprising:

Divide the program to be loaded into segments, and load each segment of the program one by one according to a certain time interval during loading. When all the programs are loaded, they will be reassembled into a complete program file, thereby realizing the dynamic loading of the program.

The method for dynamically loading programs also includes setting a master control program. Before loading the program, the master control program needs to be loaded first. The master control program carries the configuration information required for program loading, and completes the loading process control and message processing.

The loading is done through the host (HOST).

The described program dynamic loading method also includes setting a segment header identifier for each segment of the program. The segment header identifier includes segment sequence number information and segment information of the program, and the next segment can be indexed according to the current segment sequence number information. segment, after the program segment is loaded into the chip array, remove the segment header mark.

In the method for dynamically loading a program, it is possible to judge whether the loaded segment is legal and correct based on relevant information such as the segment sequence number in the segment header.

In the method for dynamically loading a program, it can be judged whether the entire program has been loaded through the segment information of the program in the segment header.

In the dynamic loading method of the program, error control information can be added in the segment header, and the host (HOST) is informed whether the program segment is loaded correctly through the handshake information between the host (HOST) and the loaded chip. When correct, the host (HOST) continues to load the next section, otherwise reloads this section.

The reloading may be resending some segments, or reloading all segments.

In the method for dynamically loading programs, the time interval can be controlled by setting a timing mechanism.

In the method for dynamically loading programs, the timing mechanism can be controlled by a timing mechanism on the host (HOST), and when the time comes, the next segment of the program starts to be loaded.

In the dynamic loading method of the program, the timing mechanism can be controlled by the timing mechanism on the loaded chip. When the loaded chip judges that the time is up, the loaded chip sends a message to the host (HOST) to request loading of the next section, and the host ( HOST) starts loading the next segment after receiving this message.

In the dynamic loading method of the program, a counter can be set to record the number of reloading times according to each loading failure, and if it exceeds a certain threshold, the loading will be stopped, and it will be treated as an error event.

The method for dynamically loading programs also includes setting a timeout mechanism, and if there is no corresponding response within a certain period of time during the loading process, it will be treated as an error event.

The invention divides the loaded program into segments, identifies and indexes each segment through the segment serial number information in the segment header, and loads each segment one by one at a certain time interval when loading the program to avoid the long-term occupation of the bus by program loading and eliminate the need for normal The impact of business communication, so as to realize the dynamic loading of the program, that is, the normal business communication can not be interrupted when the program is loaded.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a single board schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention;

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a common single board model. In the communication field, arranging chip arrays on the single board has become a relatively popular technology.

The core idea of the present invention is to divide the loaded program into sections, identify and index each section through the serial number information in the section header, and load each section one by one according to a certain time interval when loading the program to avoid the long time of the program loading business on the bus In order to eliminate the impact on business communication, when the loading is completed, it will be reassembled into a complete program file, so as to realize the dynamic loading of the program, that is, the business communication can not be interrupted when the program is loaded.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a flow chart of loading in the present invention.

The present invention can load a very short main control program before loading, and this main control program carries the configuration information required for program loading, such as which files need to be loaded, program startup address, etc., and mainly completes the control of the loading process and message processing functions.

The loading of the program is done through the host (HOST), which can be the LOCAL CPU on the chip array board, the main control board in the system, or even the background of a system.

When loading the main control program, in addition to using the host to load, it can also be loaded through the BIOS.

During the loading process of the main control program, if the main control program is successfully loaded, a correct message is returned, otherwise an error message is returned and reloading is required. If the number of reloading times exceeds a certain threshold, the loading is stopped and an error event message is reported. For example, if we set the threshold to 3, when it exceeds 3 times, the loading will stop and an error time message will be reported.

For the program to be loaded, we first segment it and divide the large program to facilitate data transmission. The size of the segment is similar to the size of a normal business data packet, which can be determined according to the specific business.

Then process the divided data segments, add a segment header before each data segment, the segment header contains the segment serial number information, and the segment header also contains the information of the entire file segment. During the data transmission process, The next segment can be indexed based on the segment sequence number information of the current segment.

Then load the program to the chip. When loading, it should be loaded segment by segment to ensure that there is a certain time interval between segments. The time interval is similar to the time interval of business data packets. This is also to avoid bus competition. Influence. The time interval can be controlled by setting a timing mechanism. For example, it can be controlled by the timer on the HOST. When the time is up, the next file will be loaded; the timing mechanism can also be controlled by the loaded chip timer. When the time is up, the loaded chip will send a message to the HOST. The message requires loading the next segment, and HOST starts loading the next segment after receiving the message.

In the process of loading, you can judge whether the loaded data segments are legal and continuous through information such as the segment serial number in the segment header.

When all the segments of the file to be loaded are loaded on the chip, remove the segment header mark and recombine into a complete program file. The removal of the header logo can be determined according to the actual situation. It can be removed after all the program segments are loaded, or it can be removed while loading. After a program is loaded, the segment of the program is removed. Header logo, so that after loading all the program segments, they can be combined directly.

After the entire program file is loaded successfully, it will send a message of successful loading of the loaded file to HOST; otherwise, it will report a message of failed loading of the file and require reloading.

In actual use, the sending of the loading success message is not necessarily a necessary step, that is, it does not have to be reported through the successful loading message, and it is also possible to check whether the loading is successful by querying the register. For the same reason, the above failure Messages are not necessarily obtained through message sending.

In actual operation, a counter can be set according to each loading failure to record the number of reloading times. If a certain threshold is exceeded, the loading will be stopped and an error message will be reported. A loop error occurs on one side. The establishment of the threshold can be flexibly controlled, and the threshold of the reload counter can also be changed.

When the service model of the chip array (including the size of the service data packet, the time interval for sending the service data packet, etc.) changes, the size of the segment and the loading time interval of the segment can be adjusted accordingly.

The above is just the process of loading one program. In actual application, many programs may need to be loaded. At this time, it can be segmented, loaded, and controlled according to the above-mentioned method of the present invention, and the principle is the same.

Let's look at a specific loading example.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a voice processing single board solution, which can realize packet voice communication. This solution consists of a HOST, a chip array composed of several voice processing chips, aggregation logic and packet processing unit. Wherein, the chip array is converged to the convergence logic through the service bus, and the HOST also has a configuration and loading interface connected with the convergence logic. The voice packet of each voice processing chip is transmitted to the convergence logic through the service bus, and then to the packet processing unit; HOST loads the chip array through the convergence logic through the configuration loading interface, and the loaded data is also transmitted to each voice processing chip through the service bus .

The loading of this embodiment includes the following steps:

1. Divide the program file to be loaded into segments, each segment is 300BYTES in length, which is similar to the 30ms G.711 voice packet length (240 BYTES), and the segments less than 300BYTES can be filled with invalid bytes.

Then add a section header in each section, its format is: Segment ID 8 bits End of file flag 1 bit Segment sequence number 16 bits Segment effective length 15 bits CRC check 8 bits Section content 1-294 bytes Padding bytes 0-293 bytes

in:

Segment ID: 01111110

End of file flag: 0: non-end of file; 1: end of file

Segment serial number: The segment serial number of the first segment of each file is 0, and increases by 1 sequentially thereafter.

CRC check; check polynomial using CRC-8

Section content: the content of the program file that needs to be loaded

Filling byte: 0XFF, if it is less than 300 bytes, it is used for filling.

2. Before loading, load a main control program with a length of about 250 bytes. This main control program carries the configuration information required for program loading, and mainly completes the control of the loading process and message processing functions. If the main control program is loaded successfully, then return the main control program loading success message, otherwise return the main control program loading failure message and require reloading.

3. Load the program segment by segment according to the segment serial number, and load a segment every 30ms. Set a timer in the voice processing chip, send a message to HOST every 30ms, and send the next paragraph when HOST detects this message.

4. Voice processing judges whether the loading of this segment is correct according to the segment identification, segment serial number, segment effective length and CRC check every time a segment is received. If it is correct, it will feed back a segment loading success message; if it is wrong, it will feedback a segment loading failure message. When HOST receives the loading success message, continue to load the next section; otherwise reload the previous section.

5. Voice processing judges whether the entire program file has been loaded according to the end of the file mark. If the entire file is loaded correctly, it will feed back a file loading success message; if it is wrong, it will feed back a file loading failure message. When HOST receives the file loading success message, continue to load the next file; otherwise reload the previous file.

6. After all the files are loaded, start to run the program. If it runs normally, it will feedback the program loading normal message; if it is wrong, it will feedback the program loading failure message. When HOST receives the message that the program is loaded successfully, it starts to run normally; otherwise, reload it again.

7. When the number of reloads caused by segment loading, file loading and program failure exceeds 3 times, stop loading and report an error event message.

8. When the chip array uses the 5ms G.711 voice codec service, set the size of each file segment to 50 bytes (similar to the 5ms G.711 voice data size of 40 bytes), and modify the segment effective length information ; Change segment loading interval to 5ms.

The invention divides the loaded program into segments, identifies and indexes each segment through the segment serial number information in the segment header, and loads each segment one by one at a certain time interval when loading the program, avoiding the long-term occupation of the bus by the program loading business and eliminating the need for the program The impact of loading on business communication, so as to realize the dynamic loading of the program, the program can not interrupt the business communication when the program is loaded, and the effect is very obvious.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (13)

1. A method for dynamically loading a program, characterized in that it includes: dividing the program to be loaded into segments, loading each segment of the program one by one according to a certain time interval during loading, and reassembling into a complete program after all the programs are loaded. Program files, so as to realize the dynamic loading of programs. 2. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 1, further comprising setting a master control program, before loading the program, the master control program needs to be loaded first, and the master control program carries the program loading required configuration information, and complete the control and message processing of the loading process. 3. The method for dynamically loading a program according to claim 2, wherein said loading is done through a host (HOST). 4. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising setting a segment header identifier for each segment of the program, and the segment header identifier includes segment sequence number information and program segmentation Information, the next segment can be indexed according to the serial number information of the current segment. After the program segment is loaded into the chip array, the segment header mark is removed. 5. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 4, characterized in that it can be judged whether the loaded segment is legal or correct based on relevant information such as the segment sequence number in the segment header. 6. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 4, characterized in that whether the entire program has been loaded can be judged through the segment information of the program in the segment header. 7. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 5, characterized in that error control information can be added in the segment header, and whether the program segment is loaded correctly is notified through the handshake information between the host (HOST) and the loaded chip Host (HOST), if a section is loaded correctly, the host (HOST) will continue to load the next section, otherwise reload this section. 8. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 7, characterized in that said reloading may be resending some segments or reloading all segments. 9. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the time interval can be controlled by setting a timing mechanism. 10. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 9, characterized in that the timing mechanism can be controlled by a timing mechanism on the host (HOST), and when the time is up, the next segment of the program starts to be loaded. 11. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 9, wherein the timing mechanism can be controlled by the timing mechanism on the loaded chip, and when the loaded chip judges that the time is up, the loaded chip sends a message to the host (HOST) ) sends a message requesting to load the next section, and the host (HOST) starts loading the next section after receiving this message. 12. The program dynamic loading method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a counter can be set to record the number of reloading times according to each loading failure, and if it exceeds a certain threshold, the loading will be stopped and it will be regarded as an error event handling. 13. The method for dynamically loading a program according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising setting a timeout mechanism, and if there is no corresponding response within a certain period of time during the loading process, it will be treated as an error event.

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