CN1448283B - Safe and Efficient Tires - Google Patents

Abstract

A safe and high-efficiency tyre belongs to the field of vehicles and is mainly characterized in that a liquid, solid, semi-fluid, liquid, solid and gas composition or compound is used as a filling material of the tyre. The radius of the tire landing position is not shortened, the defect that the pneumatic tire is easy to burst is overcome, and the pneumatic tire is efficient and safe. The concave cavity of the steel ring occupies more than half of the inner cavity of the tire and the height of the side edge of the clamping cover tire is more than half. The height of the steel ring from the ground is between 0.5 and 5 centimeters. The foreign matter cutting and tire burst can not be lost. The inner tube is made of plastic film, which has better sealing performance than rubber and low cost. The outer cover is in a flat plate shape. The outer cover is made of plastic or combination of plastic and rubber. The tyre can be totally closed without an air valve, solid and never burst. The tire is jointed with the steel rim without a seam allowance or a reversed seam allowance. The section of the tire is square, and the ground is axially straight. An anti-pulling belt is arranged between the inner and outer tires.

Description

Safe and Efficient Tires

1. Technical field:

The invention belongs to the field of transportation, in particular to safe and efficient tires for vehicles.

2. Background technology:

There are following deficiencies in known tires:

1. Poor security. Tires can blow out during operation, especially the front wheel blowout, which causes accidents constantly, often causing heavy losses of life and property. This problem has not been well resolved. Causes of tire blowout include foreign body cutting, excessive tire temperature, excessive tire pressure, insufficient tire strength, and unreasonable tire structure. One of the reasons for the increase in tire temperature is that the gas filled in the tire generates high temperature during the process of being subjected to pressure and pressure changes and constantly extruding. The gas is a poor conductor of heat, and the heat cannot be dissipated well, and it accumulates at a high temperature. The high temperature causes the gas in the tire to expand, creating high pressure and causing a blowout. It can be seen that the gas has poor thermal conductivity and is prone to high temperature, which is the main cause of tire blowout. Because the filler is gas, when a tire blows out, the diameter of the accident tire decreases sharply, the speed decreases sharply, and the distance traveled in the same time decreases sharply, so that the running distance of each wheel of the vehicle, such as a car, is not consistent, so that the car accident occurs. The driver had no time to deal with the sharp deflection movement with the burst tire as the center, causing the vehicle to lose control and cause an accident. The smaller tire diameter is the key reason for the accident.

2. The efficiency is not high. Efficiency refers to the amount of work completed per unit time during the use of the tire. It also refers to the percentage of useful work in total work. For example, car tires, under other conditions being equal, fully inflated tires are more efficient than deflated tires. That is, the distance traveled by unit energy is long. There are many reasons for the inefficiency, one of which is that the performance of the filler in the tire is not suitable. The known tire filling is air. The molecular structure of air is very loose, so it is easy to be compressed and change its volume. And before being pressed into a liquid, its volume is always in a variable state. Like this, after the pressure air is filled in the tire, the diameter of the tire is always in an unstable state due to the variability of the air volume. Excessive inflation pressure can easily damage the inner and outer tires. Cars, for example, have a reduced radius on where their tires land when loaded. In fact, the tread radius of most car tires shortens under load. However, the radius of the tire has not been shortened except where it landed, but has been elongated due to the increase in pressure. In this way, the wheels in motion always have to overcome the resistance to advance, and even continuously improve the overall center of gravity to run. Because the radius of the wheel located in front of the wheel land is longer than the radius of the wheel land. This produces a large amount of useless power consumption and reduces efficiency. And because the load capacity of gas is poor (relative to liquid and solid), so the tire must be made very large to meet the load-bearing requirements. This just causes the waste of material, work, and has increased weight, increases energy consumption.

3. The performance of the tire material is poor. The material of the inner and outer tires is rubber, and the airtightness of the rubber is not very good. The greater the inflation pressure and the higher the temperature, the poorer the airtightness. The tires with sufficient pressure will soon be out of air, and poor air tightness is the main reason. The disadvantage of poor air tightness is that the tires are often out of air, and the air pressure is insufficient, resulting in a shorter radius of the tires, which creates a lot of resistance to the moving tires and wastes energy. Steel rims of tires, especially tire rims of automobiles and tractors, are made of steel plates, which not only increases the weight of the vehicle, but is also prone to rust, difficult to process, and high cost. Known technology only adopts plastic steel ring for bicycle, and other cars are as motor vehicle, and manpower board car does not adopt. A kind of known rickshaw solid rubber tire is arranged, and elasticity is poor, and bearing capacity is poor, and cost is high.

4. The shape and structure of the tire are unreasonable. Viewed from the cross-section, the circular structure of the inner cavity of the tire and the arc-shaped structure of the outer surface are not conducive to the bottom of the tire, that is, the place where the tire is landed, and the radius is kept constant. For example, a car needs a certain ground area for the tires to carry the load. The total pressure of the ground area of all wheels is equal to the total weight of the car itself and the load. The inner and outer shapes of the cross-section of the known tire are arc-shaped, and the outer surface is more obvious after inflation, so that the place where the tire lands becomes a spherical surface, a ball point, rather than a line. When under load, this ball point has to shrink inward due to the small area of the ground and the strong pressure, so that it becomes a plane, and the radius where the tire lands is shortened, resulting in the aforementioned movement resistance. It can be seen that the arc-shaped structure of the inner chamber and the shape of the cross section of the tire cannot form an effective support for the tire, and cannot form a line where the tire lands. Theoretically speaking, only when the ground of the wheel is in an axial line, the movement of the tire is the most labor-saving. Because at this time the radius where the tire lands is not shortened or shortened at least. As long as the radius becomes shorter, it becomes a surface, which has the same shape as the ground and touches the ground. The larger the ground, the shorter the radius and the more energy wasted.

5. The sides of the rubber tire are too high. The cover tire has three sides, one side and two sides on the ground. The two sides of the cover tire are too high, which not only wastes rubber material, but also is unfavorable for the tire to keep the radius constant. When the tire is loaded, the two sides are prone to outward expansion, which will inevitably lead to the shortening of the radius of the tire, forming movement resistance.

6. High cost. One is that after the outer tire is worn out on the ground, the two sides are often not damaged, but they are discarded together. It wastes the earth's resources and pollutes the environment. The retreading performance of old tires is poor, unsafe, inconvenient and costly. The 2nd, owing to the reason of aforementioned background technology, easily cause tire damage, thereby cost height.

Known technology injects a kind of automatic tire repair liquid in the tire, and the tire repairs automatically when small hole leaks air. There is a part of water in this sealant liquid composition. Generally, only fill the tire sealant with less than 1/3 of the inner volume of the tire. 96101135.1 patent application is a kind of water injection tire, the method is to inject water below 1/3 of the inner volume of the tire in the tire, and the purpose is to use water to generate inertial energy saving in motion. Above-mentioned technology can not solve the deficiency that tire exists. The known tire needs to be inflated frequently to ensure the air pressure, so it is inconvenient. Again because of complex structure, installation, disassembly, maintenance are all inconvenient.

The deficiencies of known technology will also be further explained later in conjunction with specific content.

3. Contents of the invention:

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of known tires, making them safe and efficient.

1. Change the filling. The invention fills the tire with liquid, which can be filled with pressure. Fill to more than 1/3 of the volume until sufficient. Or the liquid fills the space in the tire except for the solid filler. The fluid in the tire acts as a load bearing. The filler can be in the form of liquid, paste or colloid. Alternatively, the filler is solid, liquid, or a combination or compound of solid, liquid or gas. Or the filling is in the critical state of matter between solid, liquid and gas. as semi-fluid. Or the filler is a collection or/and glue of powdery or granular solids. It can also be a foam material, such as foam plastic, foam rubber. The liquid may be water, or a mixture or hydrate of water with other substances. It may also be an oil or a mixture or compound of an oil and other substances. Since this tire is not easy to leak, it can be in a fully closed state and a solid state without an air valve. For example, the paste filling can be filled in when assembling the tire, and the filling pressure is formed by splint extrusion to carry the load. This kind of tire can be solid, and the foam inner tube can also be solid, and they all have no valve. The solid filling may be an inner support as will be mentioned in the present invention. To fill is to fill. Both liquid and gas are fluids, obeying the same fluid law, and the shock absorption and load-carrying effect of gas must be realized through the elasticity and strength of the tire. Shock and bearing effect. The load-carrying capacity of the tire depends on the strength of the outer tire and the stress-bearing area. Under the condition that these two conditions remain unchanged, setting solid fillers in the inner space of the tire will not affect the effect of the tire, and can also play a supporting role after the tire blows out. The supporting function will be described later. The use of liquid or solid or combinations thereof as tire fillers has many advantages over gas fillers. First, the water tightness of rubber and plastic is better than air tightness, and the water molecular chains are more tightly combined and stronger than the air molecular chains, so it is difficult to escape. This reduces the trouble of frequent inflation, and can keep the radius of the tire at the same place, reducing movement resistance. The 2nd, be difficult for tire to blow out, the thermal conductivity of liquid is stronger than gas, and heat production is poorer than gas, and the temperature inside tire is just not easy to rise like this, is not easy to expand, and thus can not produce high pressure to burst the tire and cause an accident. The 3rd, even if blown out, liquid, ointment, solid can not all rush out like gas all of a sudden, cause flat tire, lead to accident. It can still be used after a puncture until it is repaired. Not even a flat tire. Fourth, due to the strong bearing capacity of solid, liquid or semi-fluid, the volume and weight of tires can be reduced, energy efficiency can be improved, and costs can be reduced. The liquid in the tire of the present invention is different from the effect of the liquid in the known tire, and the liquid in the known tire has the effect of repairing the tire or playing the role of inertia. The present invention also has bearing, heat transfer, safety and synergistic effects. The roles played are different, the quantity in the tire is different, and the material composition is also different. Due to the incompressibility of the liquid, the liquid in the tire can also be in a state of normal pressure, but it can still play a load-bearing role. Atmospheric pressure means equal to atmospheric pressure, that is, the pressure inside and outside the tire is equal. When the elasticity of the cover tire acted on the liquid, the liquid in the tire had pressure and became pressure liquid. Because liquid, paste, and colloid have similar or the same deformability and elasticity in a closed state as gas, they can replace gas as tire fillers. And it has many advantages that gas does not have. The liquid in the known tire is only below 1/3 or 1/3, and the present invention can be more than 1/3 until filling all the spaces in the tire. In nature, solids, liquids, and gases do not have clear boundaries. Therefore, the filler of the present invention can also be in the critical state of solids, liquids, and gases. The solid powder is gathered together and sealed in the tire as a filling, which can also function as a fluid substance. Because the finer solid powder also has fluidity, it can produce local deformation, such as indenting inward, and transmit pressure. In the closed state, it can also have sufficient elasticity. The way of aggregation can be bonded with liquid to form a gel. Elastic solids can also be used as tire fillings alone. Such as foam, foamed plastic, foamed rubber. The foam filling is equivalent to the inner tube, which can be combined with the outer tire, and has a joint interface on its cross section. In order to prevent freezing in winter, other substances can be added to the water to form a water mixture or hydrate. Or use an oil or a mixture or compound of oils instead. Of course, this filling can also be used in non-winter seasons or other places. The filler can also be a mixture or compound of other substances other than water and oil. There can be various additives in the filler (such as liquid), such as anti-leakage agent, maintenance agent, antifreeze agent, preservative and so on. Tires with different uses can have fillers with different performances. Because it is not easy to leak, so the tire can have no valve, that is, it does not need to add gas midway, and it can be filled once and used for life. If it will be better to combine with the plastic sealing layer in the tire that will be mentioned later, the scope of selecting filling materials will be wider. This will greatly facilitate the use and improve efficiency.

2. Deep ring and shallow tire. That is, deep rims and shallow tires. Shallow tires include flat tires. The volume of known tire is almost all in the rubber cover tire, and what has has seldom volume in the steel ring, only accounts for below 1/3 of whole tire total volume. The steel ring does not enclose the cover tire except the rim. Tire volume refers to the internal space of the tire, that is, the inner space formed by the combination of the outer tire and the steel ring, which is used to fill the material, support the volume of the outer tire and support the elasticity of the outer tire. Known cover tire has tripartite, two sides and bottom surface, and bottom surface is the circumferential surface. Its sides are high to form a space for filling. High profile tires have many drawbacks. One is easy to deform. When we obtain the good benefit of rubber cover tire elasticity, we also obtain its disadvantage, and here it is that the both sides of cover tire have good elasticity equally, and good elasticity is just easily deformed. When the cover tire is loaded, due to the roundness of the fluid, the two sides protrude outwards, so that the radius of the tire's ground becomes shorter, forming movement resistance. The 2nd, when blowing out, cover tire loses support in tire, and the both sides of rubber tire can't bear heavy pressure, flattened down immediately, form the cause of accident. The 3rd, cost is high, both sides are very high and both consume rubber more, increase processing difficulty again.

The invention deepens the steel ring to replace or wrap the two sides of the tire to form the inner chamber of the tire, that is, the inner volume of the tire. There is only a small amount of volume or no volume on the cover tire. Just in time the known technology is turned upside down. Steel ring also can be splint shape, and two splints clamp cover tire from both sides. The splint can also be large on one side and small on the other. The two splints can be welded together, and can also be fixed and formed by bolts or collars. When installing, the outer tire can be put on first, and then the outer tire can be clamped with splints and fixed on the steel ring. Like this, overcome the deficiency that known technology is difficult for assembly, dismantling. The both sides of steel ring two sides replace or encase the two sides of cover tire and have following effect, the one, cover tire can't be deformed, and tire is located in the radius constant short. Not being short is relative, and shortening a lot with respect to known cover tire, the present invention is not short. Theoretically speaking, any substance will deform when subjected to force, but the amount is different. In fact, the tire of the present invention will also be deformed after being stressed, and the radius of the tire landing will also be shortened, but compared with the known technology, the amount of shortening is much smaller, so as to achieve the purpose of safety and high efficiency. The 2nd, when blowing out, because steel ring encased cover tire both sides, the degree of enveloping (or claiming clamping) has reached more than half of known cover tire side height, and steel ring ground distance can be below 5 centimetres, 0.5 cm or more, so the tire radius will not shorten a lot at once, because the steel ring supports the outer tire that has lost the support of the filler. Even if the tire radius is a little shorter, the car deflects a little, but it's not uncontrollable and still drivable. The third is to save rubber materials, facilitate processing and save costs. The distance from the steel ring to the ground can also be more than 5 centimeters, depending on needs.

3. Tire explosion-proof device. That is, the ambulance device after the tire explodes. It is also possible to set the inner support in the tire to replace the blowout protection effect of the steel ring. The inner support refers to the device that is located in the tire and acts as a protection against blowout. The inner support can be in various shapes, such as ring shape and belt shape, which are located in the tire and play a supporting role. When a tire blows out, the inner support takes over the filler to support the full load. For example, two T-shaped semi-discs are arranged in the cover tire, and its vertical side is stuck on the steel ring, and the horizontal side is close to the cover tire. Splints can also be installed on both sides of the tire to replace the tire blowout protection function of the steel ring. The splint is fixed on one side or both sides of the tire, clamps or wraps more than half of the side height of the tire, and the distance from the ground can be less than 5 centimeters and more than 0.5 centimeters. It acts as protection against tire blowouts. The splint can also be in the shape of a round frame or a mesh plate. Clamping plate also can be installed on known tire and plays the same effect. Non-motor vehicle can not need this structure.

Summarize 2,3, it is characterized in that there is cavity on steel ring, and the depth of cavity exceeds the carcass center line of inner tube of a tube, and its depth is enough to enclose half of inner tube of a tube volume. Or the cavity volume of the steel ring exceeds half of the total volume of the tire; or at least one side of the steel ring wraps more than half of the height of the side edge of the tire; or there is a plate on the tire that wraps more than half of the height of the side edge of the tire; the structure also Applicable to known tire explosion-proof. Or the inner cavity volume of the tire is less than half of the total volume of the tire; or the tire does not have a cavity, that is, there is no volume; such as a flat tire, an inner concave tire. Or the periphery of steel ring is below 5 centimetres, more than 0.5 centimeter from the periphery of cover tire, and the diameter of steel ring is 1 to 10 centimeters less than the diameter of cover tire. When the performance is on the ground, that is, the distance from the steel ring to the ground can be less than 5 cm and more than 0.5 cm. Very close to the ground. Or there is an inner support in the inner cavity of the tire; or the inner support is connected with the outer tire or/and the steel ring. The inner support can be in the shape of vertical edge, T shape, bag shape, spherical shape, column shape, ring shape, and can be radially surrounded in the tire, or axially arranged in the tire, or arranged irregularly. There may be one or more inner supports. Some inner stays can replace the filling in the tire to play a load-bearing role, such as inflated bag-shaped and spherical inner stays. It can also play a load-bearing role together with the filler in the tire. The inner support can be movably connected with the steel ring, close to the bottom surface of the tire, and can be divided into two parts or more parts, and can be divided into multiple bag shapes, spherical shapes, column shapes or multi-circle ring shapes. The inner support can be made of materials such as metal, plastics, foam, rubber alone or in combination. The splint can replace the steel ring to form the cavity.

4. Plastic tires. It is characterized in that the inner tube is made of plastic film, and the plastic film can be a plastic film with a thickness below 1 mm. Available soft plastics, plastics with good elasticity. Its processing method can be formed by connecting plastic films. It can be formed by connecting one or more sheet plastic films. It can also be formed by connecting spirally with plastic film. It can be made into a very long plastic film pipe band earlier, and the length mark is punched on the pipe band, and then cut off and connected into an inner tube of a tube. The connection method can be glued, heat sealed and the like. The plastic film can be combined on the inner wall of the rubber tire. The cover tire is made of plastics, or a combination of plastics and rubber; or made of composite materials. Or a plastic cover with a rubber cover. The rubber surface layer is bonded or tightly matched with the plastic casing to meet the needs of the tire function. In order to increase the grip on the surface of the tire, suitable synthetic plastics or composite materials can be selected. There can be connection unevenness between the plastic cover tire and the surface layer, and the connection unevenness can be gear-shaped, saw-toothed, corrugated. The steel ring of tire also can be made of high-strength plastics. Or a combination of plastic and metal. Plastic has better sealing properties than rubber and has a certain degree of elasticity. Using plastic instead of rubber to make tires has the characteristics of good sealing performance, light weight, anti-corrosion, beautiful appearance, and low cost. The normal pressure volume of inner tube of a tube can be greater than the volume of tire; Atmospheric pressure means equal to atmospheric pressure. That is, the pressure inside and outside the tire is equal. When inflating or filling other fillers, the inner tube of a tube is not subject to tension, and the tension formed by inflation is first accepted by the cover tire and limited within the volume of the cover tire. Since the inner tube does not bear tension, or bears very little tension, one will not be burst, and the other will not reduce the sealing performance due to tension. Plastic inner tube of a tube, rubber inner tube of a tube all can be so structured. Because it will not leak, the tire can be filled without valves, filled once, or pre-filled, and used for a lifetime. The plastic cover tire can have the rubber surface layer, just as wearing shoes to the cover tire, it can be easily replaced. The cover tire and the surface layer can be bonded together with an adhesive. It can also be connected flexibly and tightened by the tension after filling. The plastic film can be attached to the inner wall of the rubber tire instead of the inner tube. Engagement structures of various shapes can be arranged between the cover tire and the surface layer, which is beneficial to the fastening between the two. The invention uses transparent material as the inner and outer tires to increase the aesthetic feeling and facilitate detection. Such as plastic transparent inner and outer tires.

5. Flat-bottomed tires. It is characterized in that the cross-section of the inner cavity of the tire is square or the bottom surface of the inner cavity is axially straight or inwardly convex; or the outer surface of the outer tire is axially straight or concave inward; The normal pressure volume of the inner tube of a tire can be greater than the volume of the tire; or the circumferential surface of the outer tire under the pressure state is axially straight. The tire with the above structure is beneficial to keep the circumference of the tire in motion without changing the diameter, that is, the radius of the place where the tire lands is not shortened, and energy efficiency is improved. The axially straight structure of the bottom surface of the square inner chamber or the inner chamber can make the place where the outer tire lands get good and powerful pressure support in the tire to keep the radius constant. Known circular cover tire and inner tube of a tube make the circumferential surface of the cover tire under pressure be axially arc-shaped, which is unfavorable for keeping the constant diameter of the tire. Flat-bottomed cover tire also can be flat plate, and promptly the circumferential circle of cover tire is the flat plate shape of inside and outside parallel, does not have two sides.

6. A tension belt is set between the inner and outer tires. The tension force of known tire is almost entirely borne by the cover tire, so the cover tire must have a higher tensile capacity. One is that the cost is high, and the other is that it affects the various performances of the tire. If the tensile capacity is difficult to improve, the tire volume will increase. The present invention is provided with the anti-stretch belt between the inner and outer tires, and partially or completely bears the load or the tension generated by the filler in the tire. The tension on the tire is greatly reduced. This is to help improve the service life of cover tire. The second is to enhance the load capacity of the tire. The 3rd, reduce the cost of changing cover tire. Tension straps may be made of plastic, rubber, metal or synthetic materials alone or in combination. It can be made into glued belt, metal mesh belt and woven wire belt. It can be made by combining various materials. It can be in the shape of a ring or a flat belt. Tensile straps are available with a soft surface. The rubber tire can be stuck on the tension band, and it can be peeled off and replaced after being worn out.

7. Liquid injection device. A tire liquid injection device, which uses an air pump or/and an air pump or/and a water pump or/and a water gun or/and a syringe or/and a mud pump as the main device, and is characterized in that it has a liquid storage tank And injection port or/and infusion tube or/and one-way valve. Because gas and liquid have the same fluid performance, the liquid storage tank and the liquid outlet can be directly used as the liquid injection device of the present invention with known inflators. Known water filling device, mud pump all can be refitted and made like this.

8. Advantages of the present invention: First, the tires filled with liquid or other substances have good pressure bearing performance. It is also beneficial to reduce the volume of the tire and reduce the weight. Second, safety and explosion-proof performance are enhanced. The third is high efficiency, which improves the ability of the tire to maintain a full circle motion, which is conducive to energy saving. Fourth, it is easy to use, such as the free inflation function, and the steel ring of the splint is easy to install and disassemble. The fifth is to reduce costs. Safety and high efficiency itself reduce the cost, coupled with the simplification of the structure, the cost is reduced. The advantages of the present invention are also described in conjunction with relevant content in each chapter.

4. Description of drawings and embodiments: The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1, 2 are the comprehensive schematic diagrams of the structure of the liquid injection tire of the present invention

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a plywood tire

Figures 4 and 5 are the structural diagrams of the T-shaped inner support

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the tire after the T-shaped inner support is installed

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid tire without a spigot structure

Figure 8 is a partial sectional view of the combination of the plastic tire and the rubber surface

Figures 9 and 10 are cross-sectional views of tires with bag-like and spherical inner stays respectively

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a foam inner support tire

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a tire with a concave surface and an outer tire with a reverse slit structure

Figure 13 is a sectional view of a fully enclosed tire without valves

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a semi-finished product processed by a plastic film inner tube or a foam inner support using a spiral method.

Fig. 15, 16 is the semi-finished product schematic diagram that plastic film inner tube of a tube processes with spiral method.

Fig. 17,18 is the half-finished product schematic diagram that the plastic film inner tube of a tube is processed by folding method.

Figures 19-24 are schematic diagrams of three splint structures and applications.

Fig. 25, 26 are the structural representations of the annular tire tension belt.

Fig. 27, 28 are the structural representations of the finished plastic film inner tube.

Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of a straight inner tube.

The sectional view of Fig. 1 is that 1/4 of the tire has been cut radially, that is, the sectional view at an angle of 90 degrees. It is equivalent to part A-A of Figure 2 when complete. Rubber cover tire 1 and steel ring 2 are fastened together by known slit, and plastic film 3 is arranged on the cover tire inner wall to combine on it, and the two have bonding interface. There is no known inner tube. Landing position 4 on the tire circumferential surface is in an axially straight state. Landing refers to the part of the tire in contact with the ground. The circumferential surface of the tire may become the location, and the tire in motion continuously changes the location. 5 is tread pattern. Tire steel basin 6 is connected with steel ring 2. The steel basin is the part that connects the steel ring and the central shaft. The steel ring is the part that connects the steel basin and the cover tire. The steel basin and the steel ring can also be integrated into one piece. The both sides of cover tire 1 are very short, and its inner cavity volume is very little, accounts for below 1/5 of tire total volume. Cover tire 1 also can be flat plate, has no volume completely. Steel ring 2 volume is very big, accounts for more than half of tire total volume, and the periphery of steel ring 2 is very close to ground, below 5 centimetres. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the axial center of the tire, which is equivalent to the sectional view of the B-B line when Fig. 1 is complete. Liquid 7 is full of tire inner space. Liquid 7 also can be semi-fluid, or mud, oil slurry, or similar jelly, toothpaste's cemented object, pasty object. The liquid 7 can be mixed with a solid with a large volume and a light weight, that is, a small specific gravity. There is also an inner support. If tire is located at 4 and recessed, the radius that tire is located at must be shortened, i.e. the height of h, and the tire radius at the front of tire is located at does not shorten, but increases to some extent. Like this, the resistance of tire motion is just big. And if the tire keeps the radius constant, the front where the tire lands is suspended in the air, which is very conducive to the rolling action of the tire leaning forward, and produces the effect of energy saving and efficiency increase. Due to its own disadvantages, pneumatic tires are often recessed at the landing site, and the radius is shortened, so the movement is hindered and energy is wasted. The present invention uses liquid, slurry or paste as the tire inner filler, uses plastics with better sealing performance than rubber as the tire inner sealing material, and uses a flat-bottomed inner and outer tire to keep the axial direction of the tire landing position straight, so that the radius of the tire landing position does not become short. Keep the tires in good rolling condition, energy saving and efficiency increasing. Also can be filled with liquid or semifluid in known tire, directly apply the present invention. The inner chamber of the tire is square, and the bottom surface of the inner chamber is axially straight and parallel to the ground. This is conducive to increasing the ground area of the tire in the axial direction and reducing the pressure at the ground. The increased ground area is in an axial line, which can increase the load-carrying capacity without increasing the rolling resistance. People often spread the pressure by increasing the number of tires, and this is the same reason. Plastic film 3 can be changed into plastic film inner tube of a tube, and its shape can coincide with the square cavity of cover tire. The thickness of the plastic film is less than 1mm. The normal pressure volume of inner tube of a tire can be bigger than the volume of tire, and like this, the tension force of filler just can not break the inner tube of a tube, the inner tube of a tube material that is not subjected to tension stretching, sealing performance will be better. The steel ring 2 can be selected below 5 centimeters from the ground, the less the better. When a tire blows out, the diameter of the tire changes less, and the deflection force generated is small, so the driver can control the direction of the tire. The invention is applicable to all tires. Steel ring 2 height from the ground also can be greater than 5 centimetres, depends on needing.

Fig. 3, splint 8 is fixed with bolt, and a splint can be installed on one side, cover tire is clamped from both sides. The function of the splint is to replace the steel ring to form a chamber to protect the tire. One is to make the radial deformation of the tire small when it is loaded, that is, the radius of the landing site does not become shorter. The 2nd, ground when blowing out, play safety role. But one side is splint, and the other side is steel ring, as shown in Figure 11, helps the installation and dismounting of inner and outer tires on steel ring like this. The third is to protect the inner and outer tires; from external damage. Reinforcing ribs, decorative layers and covering layers can be arranged on the plywood and the steel ring. The splint can be fixed on the tire with bolts or clips, which is convenient for loading and unloading. Splint 8 is smaller than the diameter of cover tire 1 1-10 centimetre. Also can install splint specially on known tire, play the protective effect after blowing out.

Fig. 4,5,6, the main effect of support 9 in T shape is run-flat tire. It is divided into two pieces. It is made of two vertical and horizontal boards. The vertical board 903 is stuck on the steel map 201. The horizontal board 902 is parallel to the inner circumference of the tire 101. There is also an outer ring 901. The outer ring 901 plays a fixed role, and the two inner supports Hoop together. It also plays a protective role to prevent the tire from being cut during driving after the tire blows out. The outer circle is in the shape of a ring and matches the outer circle of the inner support. Outer ring 901 can be made of rubber, plastics, fabric. When blowing out, the vertical edge passes the power from the ground to the steel ring 201. The horizontal plate has a large area and is covered with rubber or plastic, which is not easy to damage the tire. During normal time, interior support 9 is not stressed, also does not play a supporting role. Clamps on the rim and moves with the tire. The outer ring 901 wraps the inner support 9 and is fixed on the steel ring 201 . Also can have connection hole 10 on the riser 903, in order to two pieces of inner support are connected on the steel ring with clip. Putting inner support 9 in the known tire can prevent the runaway of the vehicle when the tire is blown. Among Fig. 6, cover tire 101 is a flat-bottomed cover tire, and its outer circumferential surface is parallel to the inner cavity circumferential surface, so that the outer circumferential surface can be kept axially straight when the cover tire is stressed. Its square inner cavity can provide internal force support for the outer tire to keep the axial direction straight. Liquid 7 is full of tire inner space. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of two T-shaped inner braces joined together.

力或所力很小。塑料膜内胎周围可有垫子，以保护内胎免受磨损。垫子可用金属、塑料、橡胶、织物制成。垫子的结构与内胎的外形相应。钢圈202可带多种加强筋，还可滚边、卷口，使其口部边缘处不致因受力而变形或张开。内胎301可分为二个或多个，便于安装和修理，还可在爆胎时起到内撑作用。因不可能多个内胎同时爆炸，一个爆炸后，其他的会迅速填充过去，使轮胎直径不产生大的变短，防止事故。内胎里的充填物也可以是膏状物、胶状物，预先加工成型，使用时放进钢圈即可。胎内充填物可呈常压状态。外胎11靠自身的弹性及强度，包在轮胎外周，与抗拉层302紧密接触，并有部分进入钢圈202。本发明所述的子口即轮胎的外胎与钢圈结合部位的相互扣合结构。抗拉层302位于内外胎之间，与外胎一起包住内胎，抵抗内胎中填充物的压力。抗拉层可用粘合剂与外胎粘合在一起，更换外胎时撕下抗拉层，抗拉层可重复使用。抗拉层可由金属、塑料、橡胶、织物等材料单独或混合制成，可用制造动力皮带的公知技术制造抗拉层。外胎11呈两面平行的平板状，安全没有内腔，外周带有胎纹5。

Fig. 7, a vertical edge of steel ring 202 is made of splint 8, and steel ring 202 wraps plastic film inner tube 301. The cross-sectional shape of the plastic film inner tube is square. It can also be circular or polygonal, depending on the needs. There is no slit between the rubber tire 11 and the steel ring 202, and the known slit structure is removed, which is convenient for processing and reduces costs. Due to the incompressibility of the liquid and the property of the fluid to transmit pressure evenly throughout the container, the spigotless tire 11 can be fixed on the steel map 202 to complete the tire function. The plastic film inner tube of a tube is square, and liquid 7 is arranged in the interior. The normal pressure volume of the plastic film inner tube 301 can be greater than the volume of the tire inner cavity. When the filling material in the tire generates pressure, the volume of the inner tube of the tube has not been exhausted, and the tire inner cavity has been filled. not received

power or place The force is very small. There may be pads around the plastic film inner tube to protect the inner tube from wear. Mats are available in metal, plastic, rubber, fabric. The structure of the cushion corresponds to the shape of the inner tube. Steel ring 202 can be with multiple reinforcing ribs, and can also be hemmed or rolled, so that the edge of its mouth will not be deformed or opened due to stress. The inner tube 301 can be divided into two or more, which is convenient for installation and repair, and can also play an inner support role when the tire is blown out. Because it is impossible for multiple inner tubes to explode at the same time, after one explodes, the others will be filled quickly, so that the diameter of the tire will not be greatly shortened, and accidents will be prevented. The stuffing in the inner tube of a tube also can be paste, jelly, pre-processing molding, put into steel ring and get final product when using. The stuffing in the tire can be under normal pressure. Cover tire 11 is wrapped in tire periphery by its own elasticity and strength, is in close contact with tensile layer 302, and has part to enter steel ring 202. The spout of the present invention refers to the interlocking structure of the tire casing and the steel ring. The tensile layer 302 is located between the inner and outer tires, wraps the inner tire together with the outer tire, and resists the pressure of the filler in the inner tire. The tensile layer can be bonded together with the cover tire by an adhesive, the tensile layer can be torn off when changing the cover tire, and the tensile layer can be reused. Tensile layer can be made by materials such as metal, plastics, rubber, fabric alone or mixes, and the available technology of making power belt can make tensile layer. Cover tire 11 is the flat plate shape that two sides are parallel, and safety does not have inner chamber, and outer periphery has tread pattern 5.

Fig. 8, the plastic cover tire 12 and the rubber surface layer 111 have corresponding zigzag structures, after the tire is pressurized, the rubber surface layer can be firmly connected on the plastic cover tire. If no glue is used, it is easy to install or remove the rubber surface layer on the plastic cover tire after pressure relief, which is convenient for replacement. Plastic cover tire 12 also can be changed into tensile layer. Plastic cover tire 12 also can not have rubber top layer 111, directly makes cover tire with plastics or synthetic material.

Fig. 9, 10, bag-shaped inner support 13, spherical inner support 14 are actually equivalent to inner tube effect. Since it is divided into several, it will not explode at the same time, so when the tire is blown out, it can also play the role of internal support. The bag-shaped inner support is in the shape of a pocket. The spherical inner support is spherical, such as a table tennis ball, which can be a kind of spherical inner support. It can be placed arbitrarily in the fetal cavity. It is squeezed in the tire by the elasticity of the outer tire, and plays the role of bearing and run-flat protection at the same time. It can also be a belt-shaped or nodular inner support, which is wound and arranged radially in the tire cavity, and can also have the dual functions of inner tube and inner support. The filler in the inner support can be liquid or/and solid or/and gas or their combination or compound. It can also be a vacuum. There can be one or more bag-shaped inner struts in the tire, which can be arranged radially or axially. Fig. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 all only have drawn the partial structure sectional view of tire, represent a section of intercepting a certain part of tire, other parts are not represented. The inner support can play a load-bearing role alone or together with other fillers. Such as adding a plurality of spherical inner struts 14 in the liquid filler, this can reduce the weight of the tire. Inflatable body in the spherical inner support, the spherical shell has a certain strength, is not easy to break, and can bear pressure. In the tires of Figs. 9 and 10, liquid can be added, and together with the bag-shaped inner support 13 and the spherical inner support 14, it can play a bearing role. In Fig. 9, the outer periphery of plastic tire 12 is wrapped with rubber surface layer 111. After the rubber surface layer is pressurized in the tire, it can be fixedly connected with the plastic tire or/and the steel ring only by its own elastic force, and can be easily removed and replaced after the pressure is released. Among Fig. 10, plastic cover tire 12 does not have rubber top layer, in order to obtain good grip, need select suitable plastics for use.

FIG. 11 , the foam inner support 15 is installed in the steel ring 203 and has a rubber surface layer 111 . This tire is especially suitable for light-duty vehicles, such as bicycles and motorcycles. When heavy-duty vehicle and road condition are poor, generally do not need flat type cover tire, and use the cover tire with short side, as shown in the structure of cover tire 1 of Fig. 1. One side vertical edge of steel ring 203 is made of splint 8 . Clamping plate 8 can be bolted on the steel ring, can be unloaded from the tire or put on, is convenient to the foam inner support and the cover tire after the whole circle molding is installed on the steel ring. The foam inner support has dual functions of inner tube and inner support at the same time, so it is also called foam inner tube. The foam inner tube and the rubber surface can be glued together or squeezed together by the elasticity of the rubber surface. There is a joint interface between the outer tire and the inner tube on the cross section. The foam inner support can be divided into multiple pieces. The foam inner support can be used together with the liquid as the filling material in the tire. The foam inner tube can also be strip-shaped, intercept a section of suitable length, and wind around in the groove of the steel ring circumference. Joints can be bonded. Known bicycle, rickshaw, the cover tire of motorcycle tire, its cross-sectional shape is arc-shaped, is unfavorable for keeping being located in the radius constant. The cross-sectional shape of the tire of the present invention is square, which is beneficial to keep the radius constant.

Fig. 12, rubber cover tire 102 and steel ring 204 have the reverse spigot opposite to known technology. Due to the extrusion force of the fluid in the tire and the engagement structure of the spigot, the fluid will not leak out. Cover tire 102 also can not loosen or come off. In the steel ring 204, an inner tube or an inner support can also be arranged. The outer surface of the tire 102 is recessed in the tire, so that the purpose of this is to keep the axial line in contact with the ground, so that the radius of the force on the outer surface of the tire after the load is not shortened, so as to save labor and increase efficiency. The inward recess is similar to the prestressing effect. After the middle part of the tire is stressed, it protrudes outwards to a greater extent than the two sides. It is pre-recessed inward to compensate for the protruding part and form a prestress to maintain the load. The radius of the ground after the force is not shortened. The prestressing effect can also be achieved by thickening the middle part of the tire. The anti-spigot tire can adapt to harsh road conditions, and can also maximize the ground area on the axial straight line under the same conditions.

Fig. 13, the steel ring 205 encloses a part of the tire 111, and the tire 111 is composed of a rubber surface layer alone. The filling material 16 in the tire is a liquid or paste or slurry composed of powdery and granular solids. Filler can enter in the tire by known air valve, pressurizes with water pump or mud pump. The inner layer of the tire 111 has a plastic film 303 . Also available plastic film inner tube of a tube 301.

The semi-finished product 17 of Fig. 14, the plastic film inner tube of a tube is in the shape of a tubular band, spirally rolled together. The inner tube of the plastic film processing can be processed into a very long tubular band first, and the tubular band is spirally coiled together as shown in the figure, and a mark 18 is made on it to mark the length of an inner tube, and then cut off according to the mark 18, Connect the two ends and install the air valve to form a plastic film inner tube. Also can not joint, only two ends are sealed, and it is a plastic film inner tube. The joints will naturally squeeze together when in use. The outer tire can also be processed in a similar way. First, a long belt is processed, and then a section is cut off, and the joint is completed. Similarly, the foam inner support can also be processed in a similar way, but the method of jointing may be different, or it may not be jointed, and it can be directly put into the tire cavity for use, and it is naturally jointed by pressure. The semi-finished product 17 of plastic film inner tube of a tube also can be made into straight tube shape.

Fig. 15 and 16, the plastic film is first in the shape of a flat strip, which is very long. It is glued or heat-sealed in a spiral shape to form a pipe band 19, and a length mark can also be made on it. After cutting by the mark, the two ends are connected. Install the air valve, and it becomes a plastic film inner tube. Fig. 16 is a left side view of Fig. 15 . Also available transparent material is made inner and outer tire, also can be color inner and outer tire, as transparent plastics, colored plastics etc.

Fig. 17,18, the both sides of flat strip plastic film 20 are butt-jointed into pipe band 21, and then two ones are connected, and air valve is put on, and becomes plastic film inner tube of a tube. 22 is a folded seam. It is also possible to directly spread the plastic film in the tire cavity without seams, joints, valves, or closures. The seams and joints are overlapped and stacked. Due to the pressure inside the tire, the overlapped parts will be compacted and will not leak. Can only have an air inlet hole on the plastic film inner tube of a tire, aim at the valve that is installed on the steel ring, enter thus in order to fill.

19, 20, 21, splint 23 is disc-shaped, the middle concave part is used for coupling, and the periphery is used for forming tire cavity. Fig. 20 is the left side view of using 19. Fig. 21, two splints 23 are combined together relatively, are connected with bolts, constitute tire skeleton 24, replace steel ring and steel basin. The inner and outer tires are installed in the groove formed by the two splints, and the middle center of the circle can be connected to the axle. Tightening the splint can squeeze the inner and outer tires tightly, and can increase the liquid pressure in the tires, which is convenient for installation and operation.

Fig. 22, the deep basin splint 25 has a deeper disc body 26, and this deep basin splint is combined with the flat splint 8 to form a tire skeleton instead of a steel ring and a steel basin. The diameter of clamping plate 8 can be greater than or less than the diameter of clamping plate 25, and the clamping plate that diameter is big plays the blow-proof tire effect, and distance from the ground is about 5 centimeters.

23 and 24, the round frame-shaped splint 27 is connected with the outer ring and the shaft ring by the spokes 28. This splint is suitable for being installed on the known tire, plays the protective effect of blowout. All splints, steel basins, and steel rings can be made of plastic. Fig. 24 is a left side view of 23. The plywood can also function as a decorative board.

25 and 26, the tension band 29 is in the shape of a ring, and FIG. 26 is a left side view of FIG. 25. The tension belt can be fabricated using known power belt materials and techniques. The inner wall of the tension band can have a plastic film or a coating to replace the inner tube of a tube. The tension band can be combined with the inner and outer tires. The tension strap can be inelastic or less elastic. Tensile There is flexibility, and the section of the tensile tape is flat. Or match the shape of the inner and outer tires.

Fig. 27,28, plastic film inner tube of a tube 30 is the same with known inner tube of a tube appearance, has air valve 31. Fig. 28 is a left side view of Fig. 27 . There is also no valve, only one hole for the filling to enter. The bicycle can have the air valve installed on the steel ring, and the air inlet of the air valve can be inserted in the inner tire of the plastic film. The plastic film inner tube forms a closed state by pressure at the air inlet, and squeezes the air inlet of the valve tightly without leaking the filling. The plastic film inner tube can also be processed into finished products at one time by molding.

Fig. 29, straight bar tubular inner tube 32 can be made of plastic film or rubber, and two ends are closed, and air inlet 33 is arranged on. The circle above the figure indicates that the cross-sectional shape is circular. The straight tubular inner tube 32 is wound around in the tire chamber, and after adding fillers, a joint is naturally formed.

Claims (10)

1. A tire characterized in that the diameter of the wheel rim is 1-10 centimeters smaller than the diameter of the tire; Or, it is characterized in that it is equipped with an explosion-proof device, which is in the shape of a disc, a round frame or a ring, and is fixed outside the tire or inside the tire. 2. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an inner tube, the inner tube is made of foam material, and the inner tube is in the shape of a cylindrical ring without a valve, or a cylindrical ring with joints. 3. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that the filler in the tire is foam. 4. The tire as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the outer tire has an outer cladding, and there may be corresponding tooth-shaped, concave-convex coupling structures between the outer cladding and the outer tire. 5. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an inner tube, the inner tube is made of a plastic film, and the thickness of the plastic film is within 1 mm. 6. tire as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising inner tube of a tube, and the profile of inner tube of a tube matches with tire cavity shape, and the normal pressure volume of inner tube of a tube is greater than the volume of tire cavity; Cross-sectional diameter; or, the inner tube is a plastic film or coating attached to or combined with the inner wall of the outer tire or the inner wall of the tensile layer; or, the inner tube and the outer tire are combined, and there is a bonding interface between the outer tire and the inner tube on the cross section. 7. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity volume of the steel ring exceeds 1/2 of the total tire volume; or the inner cavity volume of the tire is less than 1/2 of the total tire volume; or there is at least one side of the steel ring Or the splint wraps the half of the side edge height of the tire to form a concave cavity. 8. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an inner support (9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 301), which can be T-shaped, bag-shaped, spherical, column-shaped, ring-shaped, and surround the tire , the inner support can be flexibly connected with the steel ring, close to the bottom surface of the tire, or the inner support can be connected with the outer tire or/and the steel ring as a whole, the inner support can be divided into two parts or more parts; there can be multiple bag-shaped, spherical and column-shaped inner supports ; The inner support can be made of metal, plastic, foam, rubber and other materials alone or in combination. 9. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a tire, the inner cavity of the tire has a square section or the bottom surface of the inner cavity is axially straight or convex inward; or the outer surface of the tire is axially straight or concave inward advance; the inner tube has an external shape corresponding to the inner cavity of the outer tire; or the outer surface of the outer tire under pressure is in an axially straight state. 10. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a steel ring, and the steel ring has no slit or has a reverse slit structure.

Images