Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome above-mentioned 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate liquid phase preparation method's shortcoming, and the solvent-free solid phase synthesis process of a kind of productive rate height, product purity height, with short production cycle, environmental pollution is little, production cost is low, product is easy to separate purification 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is provided.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted comprises the steps:
1, the pre-treatment of dry reaction case
500~700g discolour silica gel is put into 0.25m
3The dry reaction case in, remove the moisture in the dry reaction case, making the relative humidity in the dry reaction case is 3~8%RH, puts into the sodium hydroxide of 1.5 times of reactant anthracene weight, with the hydrogen chloride gas that produces in the absorption reaction process.
2, solid state reaction
Mortar is placed in the dry reaction case, take by weighing reactant anthracene and monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 1~2: 1~2: 0.1~0.4.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m; Speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 1~3 hour, be ground to mixture particle diameter 10~20 μ m, generate the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Its chemical equation is as follows:
3, separate purification
Mortar is taken out in the dry reaction case, and the trash ice that adds 7.5 times of anthracene consumptions in mortar makes the complex compound of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride be hydrolyzed by following reaction:
After treating that ice melts fully, suction filtration separates, and filter cake is 2-(9-anthryl)-thick product of 2-oxo ethyl acetate; Acetone with 4.5 times of anthracene consumptions carries out recrystallization to thick product again, gets 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate.Product is placed 40 ℃ of dryings in the vacuum drying oven, weigh, analysed preparation purity is calculated productive rate.
In the raw materials used proportioning of the present invention, the preferred molar ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 1~2: 1~1.5: 0.1~0.3, preferred 2~3 hours griding reaction time.
In the raw materials used proportioning of the present invention, the optimum mole ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 1.5: 0.2, and 2.5 hours best griding reaction time.
The present invention has set up the solvent-free solid phase synthesis process of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate, compare with liquid-phase synthesis process, overcome the cumbersome procedure that solvent must be handled before use, simplified operation steps, shortened reaction time, reduced the generation of byproduct of reaction, overcome liquid phase reaction and can not be used for a large amount of shortcomings that prepare of this material.In reactant, added the promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, made former productive rate bring up to 92.5% by being lower than 10%.Through a large amount of experimental study, the result shows, the present invention has short, advantage such as post-reaction treatment is simple, product cost is low, productive rate is high, product purity is high, environmental pollution is little reaction time.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
1, the pre-treatment of dry reaction case
500~700g discolour silica gel is put into 0.25m
3The dry reaction case in, remove the moisture in the dry reaction case, making the relative humidity in the dry reaction case is 3~8%RH, putting into weight is the sodium hydroxide of 1.5 times of reactant anthracene weight, with the hydrogen chloride gas that produces in the absorption reaction process.
2, solid state reaction
Mortar is placed in the dry reaction case, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 26.7g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 20.5g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 2.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 1.5: 0.2.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 2.5 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.
3, separate purification
Mortar is taken out in the dry reaction case, the trash ice that adds 130g in reaction mixture makes the complex compound hydrolysis of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride, after treating that ice melts fully, suction filtration separates, and filter cake is 2-(9-anthryl)-thick product of 2-oxo ethyl acetate; Acetone with 100ml carries out recrystallization to thick product again, gets 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate.Product is placed 40 ℃ of dryings in the vacuum drying oven, get product 25.6g, productive rate is 92.1%.With tlc analysed preparation purity, also available liquid-phase chromatography method analysed preparation purity.
Embodiment 2
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 13.4g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 13.6g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 1.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 1: 1: 0.1.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 3 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 17.6g, productive rate is 63.3%.
Embodiment 3
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 26.7g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 27.3g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 4.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 2: 0.4.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 2 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 25.2g, productive rate is 90.6%.
Embodiment 4
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 13.4g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 13.6g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 4.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 1: 1: 0.4.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 2 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 20.2g, productive rate is 72.7%.
Embodiment 5
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 26.7g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 13.6g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 1.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 1: 0.1.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 1 hour, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 19.5g, productive rate is 70.1%.
Embodiment 6
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 26.7g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 27.3g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 1.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 2: 0.1.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 2 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 23.8g, productive rate is 85.6%.
Embodiment 7
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 13.4g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 27.3g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 4.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 1: 2: 0.4.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 3 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 25.3g, productive rate is 91.0%.
Embodiment 8
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 13.4g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 27.3g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 1.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 1: 2: 0.1.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 1.5 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 19.6g, productive rate is 70.5%.
Embodiment 9
With reaction raw materials anthracene charging capacity is that 0.1 mole of preparation 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is an example, and used raw material and preparation method thereof is as follows:
In the solid state reaction step 2 of present embodiment, take by weighing reactant anthracene 17.8g, catalyzer aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) 26.7g, reactant monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides 13.6g and promotor 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone 4.0g, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 1: 0.4.Earlier anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) are placed in the mortar and grind, grind evenly, being ground to particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, speed with 3~5 of per minutes alternately drips monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, grind while dripping, griding reaction 2.5 hours, being ground to the reaction mixture particle diameter is 10~20 μ m, generates the complex compound and the hydrogen chloride gas of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate and aluminum chloride.Other step is identical with embodiment 1.Get product 24.4g, productive rate is 87.7%.
In order to determine the processing step of the best of the present invention, the contriver under 0.1 mole the situation, has carried out a large amount of laboratory study tests, and various test situation are as follows:
Experimental drug: anthracene, chemical pure, the Beijing Chemical Plant produces; Monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, self-control; Aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), analytical pure, experiment reagent company limited in Shanghai produces; 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, chemical pure, the supply of Shanghai chemical reagents corporation of Chinese Medicine group.
Laboratory apparatus: dry reaction case; Accurate Hygrothermograph is produced by the Fuan City Guangyuan Electromechanical Co.,Ltd, Fujian; Superconduction fourier numeralization nuclear magnetic resonance analyser (300MHz) is produced by Switzerland Bruker company; UV-1 type ultraviolet analysis instrument for three purposed is produced by Shanghai Gu Cun electric light instrument plant; WRS-1B type numeral fusing point instrument is produced by Shanghai Precision Scientific Apparatus Co., Ltd; Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer is produced by German Bruker company.
1, the selection of promotor
Promotor of the present invention is the following pyrrolidones of structural formula, and wherein R can be methyl, ethyl, octyl group, dodecyl, hydroxyethyl.
At normal temperatures and pressures, reacted 2 hours, the mol ratio of getting anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-R-2-pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 1.5:, carried out the influence experiment of different promotors to reaction yield at 0.2 o'clock.
Experimental result sees Table 1.
The different promotor of table 1 is to the influence of reaction yield
| R |
Methyl |
Ethyl |
Octyl group |
Dodecyl |
Hydroxyethyl |
| Reaction yield |
90.3% |
78.3% |
75.2% |
72.4% |
65.3% |
The result shows: under identical reaction conditions, each material mol ratio of participating in reaction is identical, and when R was methyl, reaction yield was 90.3%.Therefore the preferred promotor of the present invention is a 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, claims the N-N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N-again.Following experimental study all is that promotor carries out condition optimizing with the 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone.
2, the selection of reactant ratio
At normal temperatures and pressures, in 2 hours reaction times, carried out of the influence experiment of the mol ratio of chemical reaction raw material anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone to reaction yield.
Experimental result sees Table 2.
Table 2 chemical reactant mol ratio is to the influence of reaction yield
| Each material mol ratio |
1∶0.5∶0.5∶0.05 |
1∶0.6∶0.8∶0.08 |
1∶1∶1∶0.1 |
1∶2∶1∶0.1 |
1∶2∶1∶0.2 |
1∶2∶1∶0.4 |
| Reaction yield |
35.6% |
41.3% |
62.8% |
71.5% |
79.9% |
80.5% |
| Each material mol ratio |
1∶2∶1.5∶0.1 |
1∶2∶1.5∶0.2 |
1∶2∶1.5∶0.4 |
1∶2∶2∶0.4 |
1∶2.5∶2.5∶0.5 |
1∶3∶2.8∶0.8 |
| Reaction yield |
85.6% |
90.3% |
90.7% |
90.6% |
90.8% |
90.7% |
The result shows: under the normal temperature and pressure, the mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is lower than 1: 1: 1: 0.1 o'clock, productive rate was lower than 62.8%; The mol ratio of anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 1.5: 0.2 o'clock, productive rate was 90.3%; Increase the consumption of aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone on this basis, productive rate is not significantly improved.The molar ratio range of chemical reaction raw material anthracene that is adopted among the present invention and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 1~2: 1~2: 0.1~0.4.
3, the selection of chemical time
At normal temperatures and pressures, the mol ratio of getting anthracene and aluminum trichloride (anhydrous), monoethyl oxalate one acyl chlorides, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone is 1: 2: 1.5:, carried out the influence experiment of chemical time to reaction yield at 0.2 o'clock.
Experimental result sees Table 3.
Table 3 chemical time is to the influence of reaction yield
| Reaction times |
0.5 hour |
1 hour |
1.5 hour |
2 hours |
2.5 hour |
3 hours |
4 hours |
| Reaction yield |
45.8% |
70.1% |
72.7% |
90.3% |
92.1% |
92.4% |
92.5% |
The result shows: under identical reaction conditions, each material mol ratio of participating in reaction is identical, and along with the prolongation in reaction times, reaction yield increases; The griding reaction time is less than 1 hour, and productive rate is lower; The griding reaction time surpassed after 2.5 hours, and gain in yield is not obvious.The griding reaction time range that is adopted among the present invention is 1~3 hour, and the best griding reaction time is 2.5 hours.
In order to verify beneficial effect of the present invention, the contriver adopts 2-(9-the anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate of the embodiment of the invention 1 preparation to test, and various test situation are as follows:
1, the structure of testing chemical reaction product with superconduction fourier numeralization nuclear magnetic resonance analyser
With the structure of superconduction fourier numeralization nuclear magnetic resonance analyser test reaction product, test result is as follows:
1H NMR(300MHz,(CD
3)
2CO)δ(ppm):1.30(t,3H),4.37(q,2H),7.61(m,2H),7.67(m,2H),7.99(m,2H),8.19(m,2H),8.79(t,1H)。
13C NMR(300MHz,(CD
3)
2CO)δ(ppm):14.3,63.5,124.8,126.8,129.1,130.0,130.1,131.2,131.9,132.1,162.8,193.1。
2, test the structure of chemical reaction product with Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer
With the structure of Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer test reaction product, test result is as follows:
IR(KBr)3051,2948,2301,1725,1600,1451,1400,1302,1250,1100cm
-1。
3, product property is identified
2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is pale brown look solid, and recording fusing point with WRS-1B type numeral fusing point instrument is 83.8-84.7 ℃, dissolves in acetone and other organic solvent.Adopt silica gel thin-layer chromatography that the synthetic 2-of institute (9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is carried out the product purity analysis.With tlc silica gel GF
254The phase that fixes, under the situation with toluene or chloroform give developping agent, the Rf value of 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is respectively 0.51 or 0.62; 2-(9-anthryl)-2-oxo ethyl acetate is being viewed as a glassy yellow spot under visible light on the chromatographic sheet, at wavelength be to be viewed as a blackening under the UV-1 type ultraviolet analysis instrument for three purposed of 254nm.