CN1332471C - Colloidal electrolyte of lead acid accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses _a colloidal electrolyte solution for _a lead-acid storage battery _. SO ₄ ) and water composition. The distribution ratio of each component is as follows: nano-scale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) 0.2-5%, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC) 0.01-0.3%, stannous sulfate (SnSO ₄ ) 0.05-0.6%, sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) 35-45%, water 49.1-64.74%. The invention has the advantages of improving the colloidal electrolyte, increasing the charging acceptance capacity, increasing the capacity of the storage battery, ensuring the consistency of the storage battery, reducing water loss, protecting the polar plate, and greatly improving the cycle life of the storage battery.

Description

A kind of colloidal electrolyte of lead-acid storage battery

technical field

The invention relates to the field of colloidal electrolyte formulations for lead-acid batteries, in particular to a battery colloidal electrolyte suitable for assembly with AGM separators.

technical background

Recently, valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries have developed very rapidly and are widely used in motorcycles, emergency power supplies, mobile power supplies, electric vehicles, etc. The battery cycle performance, maintenance-free performance, and charging adaptability are also getting higher and higher. In particular, the electric vehicle batteries used in deep cycles have higher requirements, such as small volume and large capacity. The discharge depth is generally 70% to 100%, the charging time is 8 to 10 hours, and the required number of cycles is more than 350 times. In addition, it is generally necessary to use multiple batteries in series, and the problem of consistency will affect the overall service life of the battery.

Existing storage batteries, because they need to meet the loading requirements of electric vehicles, have a small volume and a large capacity, so the electrolyte solution added to the storage battery is small in volume (about 8ml/Ah) and high in concentration (about 45%), which does not meet the above requirements, and occurs The following adverse phenomena: the battery is difficult to charge, it needs to be charged with a higher charging voltage, the water loss is large, and the corrosion is accelerated. In summer, there are large areas of batteries that are heated and deformed due to water loss. In winter, it is difficult to charge and cannot be charged. , the capacity decays quickly, and a large number of "backward" batteries appear.

The traditional colloidal electrolyte has defects such as large internal resistance, reduced discharge performance, easy cracking, hydration, and batteries that are not suitable for assembly with AGM separators, and cannot meet the above requirements.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the traditional colloidal electrolyte, which has defects such as large internal resistance, reduced discharge performance, easy cracking, hydration, and batteries that are not suitable for assembly with AGM separators, and provides a suitable Colloidal electrolyte for lead-acid batteries assembled with AGM separators.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a colloidal electrolyte solution for lead-acid batteries, characterized in that: its components are composed of nano-scale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC), sulfurous acid Composition of tin (SnSO ₄ ), sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) and water, the composition ratio of which is: nano-scale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) 0.2% to 0.5%, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC) 0.01% ~0.3%, stannous sulfate (SnSO ₄ ) 0.05%~0.6%, sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) 35%~45%, water 53.6%~64.74%.

Its effect is that by adding 0.2% to 0.5% nano-scale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) into the colloidal electrolyte, it becomes the main component of the gel, which has the function of adsorbing sulfuric acid, and improves the discharge product so that it can generate PbSO ₄ at the same time Generate PbSiO ₃ , make the PbSO ₄ crystals contain PbSiO ₃ (easy to dissolve), add 0.05% to 0.6% stannous sulfate (SnSO ₄ ), and Sn ²⁺ ions precipitate on the surface of the negative plate during charging to form metallic tin, increasing Conductivity, thereby improving charge acceptance and capacity; adding 0.01% to 0.3% carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) to the colloidal electrolyte, which has the ability to prevent nano-scale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) and The precipitation of other substances also has the function of retaining water, reducing water loss, and participating in gelation, which plays the role of fastening and protecting the polar plate. In addition, the main ingredients in the formula are 35% to 50% sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ), and water is used as a reactant for charging and discharging. In general, the present invention improves the charge acceptance capacity of the storage battery, increases the capacity of the storage battery, ensures the consistency of the storage battery, reduces water loss, protects the pole plate, and can greatly increase the cycle life of the storage battery.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the comparison curve diagram of the life of the present invention and common electrolyte accumulator

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described through specific embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1 A kind of lead-acid accumulator colloidal electrolyte each component is counted as follows by percentage:

Nanoscale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) 0.2%

Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) 0.3%

Stannous sulfate (SnSO ₄ ) 0.5%

Sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) 40%

Water 59%

Embodiment 2 A kind of colloidal electrolyte of lead-acid accumulator each component is counted as follows by percentage:

Nanoscale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) 0.4%

Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) 0.1%

Tin Sulfate (SnSO ₄ ) 0.6%

Sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) 35%

Water 63.9%

Embodiment 3 A kind of lead-acid accumulator colloidal electrolyte each component is counted as follows by percentage:

Nanoscale silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) 0.5%

Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) 0.2%

Tin Sulfate (SnSO ₄ ) 0.2%

Sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) 45%

Water 54.1%

From accompanying drawing 1 colloidal electrolyte and ordinary electrolyte accumulator life comparison chart and table 1, table 2 can find out that the present invention has improved charging acceptability, also improves accumulator capacity, guarantees accumulator consistency, and reduces water loss, protects polar plate , can greatly improve the cycle life of the battery.

Table 1 Effect of adding SiO ₂ and SnSO ₄ on charge acceptance

A (blank) B C SiO ₂ 0.5% _SnSO4 0.5% 0.5% _{H2SO4 _} 43% 43% 43% charge acceptance 2.41A 3.85A 4.88A

Table 2 Effect of adding CMC on water loss (6-DZM-10 battery cycle test)

A (blank) B C SiO ₂ 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% _SnSO4 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% CMC 0 0.05% 0.1% _{H2SO4 _} 43% 43% 43% 300 cycle water loss 68 grams 54 grams 42 grams

Claims (1)

1, a kind of colloidal electrolyte of lead-acid storage battery, it is characterized in that: its component is made up of nano-scale silicon dioxide, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, stannous sulfate, sulfuric acid and water, and its component ratio is as follows: Nanoscale silicon dioxide 0.2%～0.5% Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt 0.01%～0.3% Stannous sulfate 0.05%～0.6% Sulfuric acid 35%～45% Water 53.6% ~ 64.74%.