CN1332260A

CN1332260A - Aluminium-base cast alloy material with high tenacity and less hot cacking tendency

Info

Publication number: CN1332260A
Application number: CN 01127654
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李元元; 郭国文; 张卫文; 罗宗强; 夏伟
Original assignee: South China University of Technology SCUT
Current assignee: South China University of Technology SCUT
Priority date: 2001-07-26
Filing date: 2001-07-26
Publication date: 2002-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-26
Also published as: CN1112455C

Abstract

一种高强韧和低热裂倾向的铸造铝基合金材料,其成分及其质量百分比含量为:4.0～6.0%的Cu,0.2～0.8%的Mn,0.2～0.8%的Mg,0.1～0.5%的Ti,0.01～0.10%的B,0.05～0.50%的Zr,0.05～0.50%的V,0.05～0.30%的Sc,其余为铝和不可避免的微量杂质,这种合金材料具有强度高、塑性好、热裂倾向小、成本较低等优点。A cast aluminum-based alloy material with high strength, toughness and low thermal cracking tendency. Ti, 0.01-0.10% B, 0.05-0.50% Zr, 0.05-0.50% V, 0.05-0.30% Sc, and the rest are aluminum and unavoidable trace impurities. This alloy material has high strength and good plasticity. , thermal cracking tendency is small, low cost and other advantages.

Description

Cast aluminum-based alloy material with high strength, toughness and low hot cracking tendency

本发明涉及铸造技术，具体是指一种高强韧和低热裂倾向的铸造铝基合金材料。The invention relates to casting technology, in particular to a cast aluminum-based alloy material with high strength and toughness and low thermal cracking tendency.

铸造铝基合金材料具有密度小、比强度高的特点，可广泛应用于航空、航天、汽车、机械等行业。机械零件的轻量化发展趋势对铸造铝基合金的要求是，既要有高的强度和塑性，又要有低的热裂倾向。Cast aluminum-based alloy materials have the characteristics of low density and high specific strength, and can be widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery and other industries. The lightweight development trend of mechanical parts requires casting aluminum-based alloys to have high strength and plasticity and low thermal cracking tendency.

现有的铸造铝基合金存在着强度和热裂倾向的矛盾。一部分合金的强度高、塑性也比较好，但热裂倾向很大。如国标ZAlCu5MnCdVA，含有Cu、Mn、Ti、B、Cd、Zr、V等合金元素，抗拉强度可达到500Mpa，但热裂环宽度为37.5mm(浇注温度730℃)，铸造过程很容易产生裂纹。法国牌号A-U5GT含有Cu、Mg、Ti等合金元素，抗拉强度345--385Mpa，伸长率5.5--11％，热裂环宽度为30mm。另一部分合金，如铝硅系铸造合金，它们的热裂倾向小，但它们的强度和塑性均较差。如美国牌号A356，抗拉强度为190--290Mpa，伸长率为2--5％。国外有专利牌号KO-1，含有Cu、Mg、Mn、Ti、Ag等合金元素，强度和塑性均较好，抗拉强度为385--460Mpa，伸长率为4.0--9.0％，但含有0.4--1.0％的银，成本太高。There is a contradiction between strength and hot cracking tendency in existing cast aluminum-based alloys. Some alloys have high strength and good plasticity, but have a great tendency to hot cracking. For example, the national standard ZAlCu5MnCdVA contains alloy elements such as Cu, Mn, Ti, B, Cd, Zr, V, etc., and its tensile strength can reach 500Mpa, but the width of the hot crack ring is 37.5mm (pouring temperature 730°C), and cracks are easily generated during the casting process. . The French brand A-U5GT contains Cu, Mg, Ti and other alloying elements, the tensile strength is 345-385Mpa, the elongation is 5.5-11%, and the width of the hot tear ring is 30mm. Another part of alloys, such as aluminum-silicon casting alloys, have a small tendency to hot cracking, but their strength and plasticity are poor. Such as the American brand A356, the tensile strength is 190--290Mpa, and the elongation is 2--5%. There is a foreign patented brand KO-1, which contains alloy elements such as Cu, Mg, Mn, Ti, Ag, etc., and has good strength and plasticity. 0.4--1.0% silver, the cost is too high.

本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的缺点，根据航天、航空等领域对机械零件的要求，提供一种高强韧和低热裂倾向的铸造铝基合金材料，既有高的强度和塑性，又有低的热裂倾向。The object of the present invention is to aim at the shortcomings of the prior art, according to the requirements for mechanical parts in aerospace, aviation and other fields, to provide a cast aluminum-based alloy material with high strength and toughness and low thermal cracking tendency, which has both high strength and plasticity, and Low tendency to hot crack.

本发明的高强韧和低热裂倾向的铸造铝基合金材料成分如下(重量百分比)：The composition of the cast aluminum-based alloy material of high strength and toughness and low thermal cracking tendency of the present invention is as follows (percentage by weight):

Cu：4.0～6.0％Cu: 4.0～6.0%

Mn：0.2～0.8％Mn: 0.2-0.8%

Mg：0.2～0.8％Mg: 0.2-0.8%

Ti：0.1～0.5％Ti: 0.1 to 0.5%

B： 0.01～0.10％B: 0.01～0.10%

Zr：0.05～0.50％Zr: 0.05-0.50%

V： 0.05～0.50％V: 0.05～0.50%

Sc：0.005～0.10％Sc: 0.005～0.10%

其余为铝和不可避免的微量杂质。The rest is aluminum and unavoidable trace impurities.

本发明的合金材料可以用现有的普通熔炼技术生产。The alloy material of the present invention can be produced by existing common smelting techniques.

本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1、本发明的合金材料强度高、塑性好，同时热裂倾向低。本发明的合金材料的力学性能为：抗拉强度≥420Mpa，伸长率≥12％。本发明的合金材料的热裂倾向为浇注温度730℃时热裂环宽度17.5～20mm。与强韧性类似的牌号合金相比，热裂倾向小约50％；与热裂倾向相似的牌号合金相比，强度和塑性均提高30％以上。1. The alloy material of the present invention has high strength, good plasticity and low thermal cracking tendency. The mechanical properties of the alloy material of the invention are: tensile strength ≥ 420Mpa, elongation ≥ 12%. The thermal cracking tendency of the alloy material of the present invention is that the thermal cracking ring width is 17.5-20mm when the pouring temperature is 730°C. Compared with alloys with similar strength and toughness, the hot cracking tendency is about 50% smaller; compared with alloys with similar hot cracking tendency, the strength and plasticity are both increased by more than 30%.

2、本发明的合金材料价格较低。本发明的合金材料的成本比美国专利牌号KO-1低50％以上；与常规的高强度铸造铝铜合金相当。2. The price of the alloy material of the present invention is relatively low. The cost of the alloy material of the invention is more than 50% lower than that of the US patent designation KO-1; it is equivalent to the conventional high-strength casting aluminum-copper alloy.

通过如下实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

实施例一：Embodiment one:

步骤一：配料用量如下Step 1: The ingredients are as follows

成分规格质量百分比用量Ingredient Specifications Mass % Dosage

纯铝锭 A00 73.9％Pure Aluminum Ingot A00 73.9%

铝铜合金 50％Cu 11.0％Aluminum copper alloy 50% Cu 11.0%

铝锰合金 10％Mn 3.0％Aluminum-manganese alloy 10%Mn 3.0%

纯镁锭 0.3％Pure magnesium ingot 0.3%

铝锆合金 4％Zr 3.3％Aluminum-zirconium alloy 4% Zr 3.3%

铝钒合金 4％V 3.3％Aluminum vanadium alloy 4%V 3.3%

铝钛硼合金 5％Ti，1％B 5.0％Aluminum titanium boron alloy 5% Ti, 1% B 5.0%

铝钪合金 3％Sc 0.2％Aluminum Scandium Alloy 3%Sc 0.2%

第二步：熔炼Step Two: Smelting

合金在石墨坩埚电阻炉中熔炼。铝锰合金、铝锆合金、铝钒合金与纯铝同时室温装炉；720℃加铝铜合金；740℃加铝钛硼合金后搅拌3min。730～740℃精炼除气(精炼剂为商品精炼剂)，静置8min，除渣，加少量覆盖剂，加纯镁锭和铝钪合金，静置5min，搅拌均匀后在730℃浇注。The alloy is melted in a graphite crucible resistance furnace. Al-manganese alloy, aluminum-zirconium alloy, aluminum-vanadium alloy and pure aluminum are charged at room temperature at the same time; aluminum-copper alloy is added at 720°C; aluminum-titanium-boron alloy is added at 740°C and stirred for 3 minutes. Refining and degassing at 730-740°C (the refining agent is a commercial refining agent), standing for 8 minutes, removing slag, adding a small amount of covering agent, adding pure magnesium ingots and aluminum-scandium alloy, standing for 5 minutes, stirring evenly and then pouring at 730°C.

通过上述步骤获得的合金材料含有Al 93.2％(质量)，Cu 5.5％(质量)，Mn 0.3％(质量)，Mg 0.3％(质量)，Ti 0.25％(质量)，B 0.05％(质量)，Zr 0.13％(质量)，V 0.13％(质量)，Sc 0.005％(质量)，杂质0.1％(质量)。合金材料的抗拉强度为425Mpa，伸长率为13.9％，热裂环宽度为20mm。The alloy material obtained by the above steps contains Al 93.2% (mass), Cu 5.5% (mass), Mn 0.3% (mass), Mg 0.3% (mass), Ti 0.25% (mass), B 0.05% (mass), Zr 0.13% (mass), V 0.13% (mass), Sc 0.005% (mass), impurity 0.1% (mass). The tensile strength of the alloy material is 425Mpa, the elongation is 13.9%, and the width of the hot tear ring is 20mm.

实施例二：Embodiment two:

步骤一：配料用量如下：Step 1: The ingredients are as follows:

成分规格质量百分比用量Composition Specifications Mass Percentage Dosage

纯铝锭 A00 68.3％Pure aluminum ingot A00 68.3%

铝铜合金 50％Cu 12.0％Aluminum copper alloy 50% Cu 12.0%

铝锰合金 10％Mn 2.0％Aluminum-manganese alloy 10%Mn 2.0%

纯镁锭 0.2％Pure magnesium ingot 0.2%

铝锆合金 4％Zr 1.3％Aluminum-zirconium alloy 4% Zr 1.3%

铝钒合金 4％V 12.5％Aluminum vanadium alloy 4% V 12.5%

铝钛硼合金 5％Ti，1％B 2.0％Aluminum titanium boron alloy 5% Ti, 1% B 2.0%

铝钪合金 3％Sc 1.7％Aluminum Scandium Alloy 3%Sc 1.7%

第二步：熔炼Step Two: Smelting

通过上述步骤获得的合金材料含有Al 92.9％(质量)，Cu 6.0％(质量)，Mn 0.2％(质量)，Mg 0.2％(质量)，Ti 0.1％(质量)，B 0.01％(质量)，Zr 0.05％(质量)，V 0.50％(质量)，Sc 0.05％(质量)，杂质0.1％(质量)。合金材料的抗拉强度为428Mpa，伸长率为12.5％，热裂环宽度为17.5mm。The alloy material obtained by the above steps contains Al 92.9% (mass), Cu 6.0% (mass), Mn 0.2% (mass), Mg 0.2% (mass), Ti 0.1% (mass), B 0.01% (mass), Zr 0.05% (mass), V 0.50% (mass), Sc 0.05% (mass), impurity 0.1% (mass). The tensile strength of the alloy material is 428Mpa, the elongation is 12.5%, and the width of the hot tear ring is 17.5mm.

实施例三：Embodiment three:

步骤一：配料用量如下：Step 1: The ingredients are as follows:

纯铝锭 A00 56.1％Pure aluminum ingot A00 56.1%

铝铜合金 50％Cu 8％Aluminum copper alloy 50% Cu 8%

铝锰合金 10％Mn 8％Aluminum-manganese alloy 10% Mn 8%

纯镁锭 0.8％Pure magnesium ingot 0.8%

铝锆合金 4％Zr 12.5％Aluminum-zirconium alloy 4% Zr 12.5%

铝钒合金 4％V 1.3％Aluminum vanadium alloy 4%V 1.3%

铝钛硼合金 5％Ti，1％B 10％Aluminum titanium boron alloy 5% Ti, 1% B 10%

铝钪合金 3％Sc 3.3％Aluminum Scandium Alloy 3%Sc 3.3%

第二步：熔炼Step Two: Smelting

通过上述步骤获得的合金材料含有Al 93.0％(质量)，Cu 4.0％(质量)，Mn 0.8％(质量)，Mg 0.8％(质量)，Ti 0.50％(质量)，B 0.10％(质量)，Zr 0.50％(质量)，V 0.05％(质量)，Sc 0.10％(质量)，杂质0.1％(质量)。合金材料的抗拉强度为420Mpa，伸长率为12.8％，热裂环宽度为17.5mm。The alloy material obtained by the above steps contains Al 93.0% (mass), Cu 4.0% (mass), Mn 0.8% (mass), Mg 0.8% (mass), Ti 0.50% (mass), B 0.10% (mass), Zr 0.50% (mass), V 0.05% (mass), Sc 0.10% (mass), impurity 0.1% (mass). The tensile strength of the alloy material is 420Mpa, the elongation is 12.8%, and the width of the hot tear ring is 17.5mm.

Claims

1. A cast aluminum-based alloy material with high strength, toughness and low thermal cracking tendency, characterized in that its composition and mass percentage are as follows:

Cu: 4.0～6.0%

Mn: 0.2～0.8%

Mg: 0.2～0.8%

Ti: 0.1～0.5%

B: 0.01～0.10%

Zr: 0.05～0.50%

V: 0.05～0.50%

Sc: 0.005～0.10%

The rest is aluminum and unavoidable trace impurities.