A kind of production method of nutritious fungus feed addictive
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of nutritious fungus feed addictive, the preparation method of the novel fodder additive of use specifically that Paecilomyces cicadae (Paecilomyces cicadae (Mip.) Samson) is cultivated, liquid fermentation and solid matrix being cultivated.
Background technology
The non-nutritive additive that is adopted in the feed mostly is antibiotic, chemical synthetic drug, hormone etc. at present, they are residual in animal body easily, the long-term use, cultivated animals is developed immunity to drugs or remain in the finished product (meat, egg, milk etc.) of cultivated animals, directly or indirectly health is worked the mischief, cause poisoning, the resistance to the action of a drug and " three cause " (carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis) effect.Green feed additive has been represented future thrust, be meant pollution-free, noresidue, anti-disease, somatotrophic natural additive in broad terms, at present, dissimilar additives such as Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, enzyme preparation, microorganism formulation, acidulant, mould inhibitor, compound sugar, sugared terpene, garlic have been developed.
Chinese herbal feed additive had both contained nutriment, have the calmness of calming the nerves again, the short digestion of being good for the stomach, vital energy regualting and blood circulation-promoting, support smart help, worm health care and pharmacological action such as prevent and cure diseases become; The Chinese herbal medicine immunologic active material can strengthen human body immune function, improve animal anti-stress, anti-disease ability, improve breeding performonce fo animals, and have noresidue, be difficult for producing advantages such as drug resistance, be a big focus of international animal nutrition research in recent years.Chinese herbal medicine can solve the antibiotic residue problem of long-term puzzlement animal husbandry development, boosts productivity, and reduces the pollution of animal husbandry to environment, develops green animal husbandry, satisfies the people's food security demand.
Though the research and development of Chinese herbal feed additive product have obtained certain progress, and the control to livestock and poultry has obtained effect preferably within the specific limits, but also there are many problem demanding prompt solutions, big as the product addition, active ingredient is not clear, the mechanism of action is unclear, the action effect unstability, formulation is single, lack the research of toxicity secure context, the quality control standard of raw material and product is incomplete etc., causes new Chinese herb feed additive research and development dynamics little, and the listing new product is less.The existence of these problems makes in the market Chinese herbal feed additive not meet the basic function principle of " trace, efficient " this feed addictive, is difficult to realize industrialization.
With the closely-related Cordyceps Militaris nutrition type feed additive of Chinese herbal feed additive be wherein treasure, it had both solved it and had been difficult for the difficult point of industrialization, toxicological security research shortage, and addition is little, nutritional labeling is more complete, and because the applicating history of Chinese caterpillar fungus in popular life more easily accepted by the masses, as long as solve the difficult point of production technology, reduce producing cost, very easily application.
Have only three Chinese patents more approaching with this patent are that CN97107712.6 and other two are the Cordyceps militaris mycelia and are used for feed addictive, but difference is more obvious.The former is that mainly this patent involvement aspect is too wide, it is hundreds of to relate to known and unknown Chinese caterpillar fungus epigamous and phorozoon fungi thereof, its liquid of different aweto fungus is different with solid fermentation process, its ingredient is not quite similar, function also emphasizes particularly on different fields, some Chinese caterpillar fungus is of value to animal health, and some is not only unhelpful harmful on the contrary, as the stinkbug Chinese caterpillar fungus, the active component of Chinese caterpillar fungus and the phorozoon thereof of knowing for sure at present and the kind of health care are seldom, only account for 5% of all Chinese caterpillar fungus kinds approximately, more kind is if want to be applied to the research that animal health is still needed and will be goed deep into.The embodiment of this patent paecilomyces Paecilomyces spp., its problem is, this is a very big genus, mean to comprise all Paecilomyces variotis, and some Paecilomyces varioti can be used for animal health, and some can not be used for animal health, promptly enable, gene difference is not bigger between of the same race, and its fermentation condition, ingredient and pharmacologically active all have difference, and application also can be different.Both bacterial strain uses therefors of back are the pupa Paecilomyces varioti, are not same kinds.In a word, (1) used bacterial classification difference; (2) culture medium prescription difference; (3) production technology difference.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides and a kind ofly Paecilomyces cicadae (Paecilomyces cicadae (Mip.) Samson) is carried out bacterial classification cultivate, optimize the production method of the nutritious fungus feed addictive that liquid fermentation and solid matrix cultivate.
Realize that the concrete technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of production method of nutritious fungus feed addictive comprises that bacterial classification is obtained, bacterial classification cultivation, strain fermentation and solid culture, and described bacterial classification is Paecilomyces cicadae (Paecilomyces cicadae (Mip.) Samson), and this bacterial classification is a dispersed species; Paecilomyces cicadae distributes wide, sees the adult of cicada, can be used as medicine, and is called " cicada fungus ", in " entomomycete " that Anhui science tech publishing house publishes detailed introduction is arranged,
(1) described bacterial classification is cultivated and is comprised cultivation of slant tube bacterial classification and two steps of liquid shaking bottle seed culture;
(2) fermentation of described bacterial classification comprises first class seed pot fermentation and secondary seed jar fermentation two-stage liquid strain fermentation;
(3) described solid culture adds an amount of water for after solid material is mixed, and its weight portion is a material: water=5: 1; Mix thoroughly in the cloth bag of packing into and sterilize; Then inoculation, cultivate finished product.
The production method of above-mentioned a kind of nutritious fungus feed addictive: concrete processing step and condition are as follows:
(1) described bacterial classification is cultivated and was divided into for two steps:
A, slant tube bacterial classification are cultivated
The bacterial classification inoculation of separation and purification in slant tube, is put into 25 ℃ of incubators, and incubation time is 7 days, treats that mycelia is covered with test tube and produces spore to get final product;
B, liquid shaking bottle seed culture
The 200ml culture medium of packing in the 500ml triangular flask is used 1.2kg/cm
2Autoclaving 30 minutes, to be cooled during to room temperature, will be to 500ml triangular flask culture medium through the bacterial classification inoculation of 1 slant tube, and place the constant-temperature shaking culture case, and 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature are cultivated under the 180r/m condition, and incubation time is 72h~96h;
(2) fermentation of described bacterial classification is the second-class liquid isolate fermentation:
A, first class seed pot production
The 21L fluid nutrient medium of in the 50L airlift fermentor, packing into, the culture medium temperature is 6.0~7.0 greater than 95 ℃, pH value, and adds edible defoaming agent, addition is 0.03%, 14.7 * 10
4Under the Pa pressure, feed Steam Heating to 121 ℃, and pressurize 30~45 minutes; After the sterilization, when being cooled to 20 ℃ 4 bottles of above-mentioned cultured 500ml shake-flask seeds are inserted cultivation, cultivation temperature is 25~26 ℃, and throughput is 1: 0.5V/Vmin, pressurize 4.903~7.0845 * 10
4Pa cultivates through the 48h ventilation, reaches the logarithmic growth after date and gets final product, and final volume of culture is 30L;
B, secondary seed jar are produced
The 300L fluid nutrient medium of in the 500L seeding tank, packing into, the pH value is 6.0~7.0, and adds edible defoaming agent, and addition is 0.03%, and logical steam and original position are heated to 121 ℃, 14.7 * 10
4Under the Pa pressure, pressurize 30~45 minutes; After the sterilization, when being cooled to 26 ℃, the 30L liquid seeds of first class seed pot all being inserted the secondary seed jar cultivate, 25~26 ℃ of cultivation temperature, throughput is 1: 0.5V/Vmin, pressurize 4.903~7.0845 * 10
4Pa, ventilation is cultivated through 48h, reaches the logarithmic growth after date and gets final product, and final volume of culture is 300L;
(3) solid matrix of described bacterial classification is cultivated and is carried out as follows:
After solid material mixed, add an amount of water, its weight portion is a material: water=5: 1; Mix sterilization (employing tyndallization) in the cloth bag of packing into thoroughly.Solid medium after the sterilization is put in the clean pallet, is positioned over and is cooled to 24 ℃~25 ℃ inoculum concentrations in the aseptic draft chamber and inserts liquid seeds with 8%.It is about 54% to mix final moisture content that the back guarantees material thoroughly, postvaccinal material is tiled in the thickness of 3cm puts into culturing room in the tray and cultivate.Temperature remain on 24 ℃~25 ℃ humidity remain on 95% cultivate 72h after, temperature is that 24 ℃~25 ℃ humidity drop to 85% and continue to cultivate and got final product discharging in 3~4 days.Oven dry or dry, pulverize, get product behind mistake 300 orders.
The raw material weight proportioning of described slant tube bacterium culture medium is: glucose 40g, peptone 10g, yeast extract powder 10g, agar 20g add water to 1L, pH6.5.
Described liquid shaking bottle seed culture medium raw material weight proportioning is: analysis for soybean powder 20g, white granulated sugar 30g, dusty yeast 5g, MgSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
40.5g, add water to 1L, pH6.5.
Described first class seed pot liquid medium starting material weight proportion is: contain white granulated sugar 30g, analysis for soybean powder 30g, M in the 1000ml culture medium
gSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
41g adds water after each component is mixed and mends to 1000ml, and is 6.5 with saturated NaOH adjust pH.
Described secondary seed jar liquid medium starting material weight proportion is: contain white granulated sugar 30g, analysis for soybean powder 30g, M in the 1000ml culture medium
gSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
41g adds water after each component is mixed and mends to 1000ml, and is 6.5 with saturated NaOH adjust pH.
Described defoamer is a polyoxypropylene ethylene oxide glycerin ether, and consumption is 0.03% of a nutrient solution total amount.
The solid matrix culture medium raw material weight proportion of described bacterial classification is: contain maize pulp 750g, bean cake powder 200g, wheat bran 50g, inorganic salts 2g in the 1002g culture medium.
The solid matrix culture process is a solid material: water=5: 1, adopt tyndallization, during sterilization treatment solid material is heated to 100 ℃, continue 20-45 minute, once a day, for three days on end, the last processing, but heat time heating time proper extension.Be cooled to 24 ℃~25 ℃ inoculum concentrations and insert liquid seeds with 8%.It is about 54% to mix final moisture content that the back guarantees material thoroughly, postvaccinal material is tiled in the thickness of 3cm puts into culturing room in the tray and cultivate.Temperature remain on 24 ℃~25 ℃ humidity remain on 95% cultivate 72h after, temperature is that 24 ℃~25 ℃ humidity drop to 85% and continue to cultivate discharging after 3~4 days; Oven dry or dry, pulverize, get product behind mistake 300 orders.
Production method of the present invention is fit to suitability for industrialized production, is not subjected to the limitation in time place, can be according to the increase in demand or the reduction production scale in market.Production technology of the present invention is simple, process stabilizing, easy-regulating, success rate height; Adopt the inventive method production small investment, take up an area of little, no three wastes problem, be suitable for large and medium-sized enterprise and adopt.Its product is a kind of feed addictive of functional form, can be used as the health food of animals such as livestock and poultry fish.
The nutrition type feed additive that the present invention makes by liquid and the used Paecilomyces cicadae of solid fermentation body-care is the more potential feed addictive of a class, it is different from the microorganism live bacteria preparation, can regard Chinese herbal feed additive as in itself, but it has overcome the shortcoming of Chinese herbal medicine, keeps even surpass its advantage.Not only can improve food conversion ratio and save cost, faster increase meat animals body weight and improve output, and can under the prerequisite of not medication or few medication, reduce cost because of the immunoregulation capability that strengthens animal improves its survival rate.
The nutrition type feed additive that the inventive method is produced has unique advance: one, used bacterial classification is traditional Chinese herbal medicine Paecilomyces cicadae; Be applied to animal health still product-free appear on the market, have leading consciousness and top standard, its security simultaneously and validity are easy to be accepted by the people and approve; Two, animal test results shows: not only improve food conversion ratio and save cost, faster increase meat animals body weight and improve output, and can under the prerequisite of not medication or few medication,, the immunoregulation capability that strengthens animal reduce cost because of improving its survival rate, only need addition seldom just can reach good gaining effect, as the comparable contrast weightening finish 15%~30% of 0.25% addition; This fungi feed addictive has disease-resistant significantly, growth promoting function, and have that toxic and side effect is little, drug residue free, advantage such as have no drug resistance, be wide spectrum of new generation, efficient green feed addictive; Three, produce this fungi feed addictive also have raw material sources wide, easily produce, with low cost, quality controllable, easy to use, be widely used and characteristics such as actual effect is good; Four, the mycelia of solid culture and be secreted into the active component of residue in the culture matrix and be used as additive raw material together, thus maximally utilise resource, pursue bigger economic and social benefit, and pollution-free.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with the embodiments the present invention is done to describe further.
Embodiment:
The production method of this nutritious fungus feed addictive comprises following production process:
Obtaining of A, bacterial classification
Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial classification (Paecilomyces cicadae (Mip.) Samson) is dispersed species.
B, slant tube bacterial classification are cultivated
The bacterial classification inoculation of separation and purification in slant tube, is put into 25 ℃ of incubators, and incubation time is 7 days, treats that mycelia is covered with test tube and produces spore to get final product;
The raw material weight proportioning of slant tube bacterium culture medium is: glucose 40g, peptone 10g, yeast extract powder 10g, agar 20g add water to 1L, pH6.5.
C, liquid shaking bottle seed culture
The 200ml culture medium of packing in the 500ml triangular flask is used 1.2Kg/cm
2Autoclaving 30 minutes, to be cooled during to room temperature, will be to 500ml triangular flask culture medium through the bacterial classification inoculation of 1 slant tube, and place the constant-temperature shaking culture case, and 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature are cultivated under the 180r/m condition, and incubation time is 72h~96h;
Liquid shaking bottle seed culture medium raw material weight proportioning is: analysis for soybean powder 20g, white granulated sugar 30g, dusty yeast 5g, MgSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
40.5g, add water to 1L, pH6.5.
D, first class seed pot production
The 21L fluid nutrient medium of in the 50L airlift fermentor, packing into, the culture medium temperature is 6.0~7.0 greater than 95 ℃, pH value, and adds edible defoaming agent, addition is 0.03%, 14.7 * 10
4Under the Pa pressure, feed Steam Heating to 121 ℃, and pressurize 30~45 minutes; After the sterilization, when being cooled to 20 ℃ 4 bottles of above-mentioned cultured 500ml shake-flask seeds are inserted cultivation, cultivation temperature is 25~26 ℃, and throughput is 1: 0.5V/Vmin, pressurize 4.903~7.0845 * 10
4Pa cultivates through the 48h ventilation, reaches the logarithmic growth after date and gets final product, and final volume of culture is 30L;
First class seed pot liquid medium starting material weight proportion is: contain white granulated sugar 30g, analysis for soybean powder 30g, M in the 1000ml culture medium
gSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
41g adds water after each component is mixed and mends to 1000ml, and is 6.5 with saturated NaOH adjust pH.
E, secondary seed jar are produced
The 300L fluid nutrient medium of in the 500L seeding tank, packing into, the pH value is 6.0~7.0, and adds edible defoaming agent, and addition is 0.03%, and logical steam and original position are heated to 121 ℃, 14.7 * 10
4Under the Pa pressure, pressurize 30~45 minutes; After the sterilization, when being cooled to 26 ℃, the 30L liquid seeds of first class seed pot all being inserted the secondary seed jar cultivate, 25~26 ℃ of cultivation temperature, throughput is 1: 0.5V/Vmin, pressurize 4.903~7.0845 * 10
4Pa, ventilation is cultivated through 48h, reaches the logarithmic growth after date and gets final product, and final volume of culture is 300L;
Secondary seed jar liquid medium starting material weight proportion is: contain white granulated sugar 30g, analysis for soybean powder 30g, M in the 1000ml culture medium
gSO
40.5 g, KH
2PO
41g adds water after each component is mixed and mends to 1000ml, and is 6.5 with saturated NaOH adjust pH.
The solid matrix of F, bacterial classification is cultivated and is carried out as follows:
In the 3500kg culture medium, contain maize pulp 2625kg, bean cake powder 700kg, wheat bran 175kg, inorganic salts 70kg.After solid material mixed, add an amount of water 700kg (material: water=5: 1) mix thoroughly in the cloth bag of packing into and sterilize; Adopt tyndallization, during sterilization treatment solid material be heated to 100 ℃, continue 20-45 minute, once a day, for three days on end, the last processing, but heat time heating time proper extension.Solid medium after the sterilization is put in the clean pallet, is positioned over and is cooled to 24 ℃~25 ℃ inoculum concentrations in the aseptic draft chamber and inserts liquid seeds with 8%.It is about 54% to mix final moisture content that the back guarantees material thoroughly, postvaccinal material is tiled in the thickness of 3cm puts into culturing room in the tray and cultivate.Temperature remain on 24 ℃~25 ℃ humidity remain on 95% cultivate 72h after, temperature is that 24 ℃~25 ℃ humidity drop to 85% and continue to cultivate and got final product discharging in 3~4 days.Oven dry or dry, pulverize, cross 300 orders after carry out the end product quality check, qualified back pack product.