CN1329314C - Multipurpose bio-trickling filter deordorization device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multipurpose biological trickling filter tower deodorization device, which relates to an odor and sewage treatment device in environmental engineering. The butt ends of the two tower bodies (1) of the present invention are respectively provided with connecting flanges (7), the biological carrier (8) is fixed inside the tower body (1), and the upper end of the upper tower body (1) is provided with an exhaust pipe (2), the lower end of the lower tower body (1) is respectively connected with a drain pipe (5) and a backwash pump (6), and the upper end of each tower body (1) is provided with a liquid distributor (3), and the liquid distribution A liquid pipe (22) is connected between the device (3) and the spray system (21), and the gas distributor (11) is fixed on the lower side of the lower section of the tower body (1). A ventilation pipe (24) is connected between the devices (4). The invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, high utilization rate of biological carrier, convenient maintenance, easy management, high efficiency of biological deodorization and sewage treatment. The biological trickling filter tower equipment used in the present invention integrates the functions of treating odor and sewage, saving equipment investment and reducing floor area.

Description

A multipurpose biological trickling filter tower deodorization device

Technical field: The present invention relates to an odor and sewage treatment device in environmental engineering, in particular to a multipurpose biological trickling filter tower deodorization device.

Background technology: With the improvement of people's living standards and the increasing demands of the public on the quality of life and the quality of the environment, the problem of stench caused by various odors has been widely concerned and valued by people. Especially in the city's polluted rivers, urban drainage pumping stations, urban sewage treatment plants, garbage and excrement transfer stations and treatment plants, and some factories continue to produce some foul-smelling gases, which seriously endanger people's health. The scope and characteristics of the existing deodorization methods are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Scope and characteristics of various deodorization methods

Definition Scope of application Features combustion method Method for degrading combustible odorous substances by strong oxidation reaction It is suitable for the treatment of combustible and odorous substances with high concentration and small volume The purification rate is high, the odorous substances are completely decomposed, the equipment is easy to corrode, fuel consumption is high, and the cost is high. Secondary pollutants may be formed during processing oxidation method Method for Oxidizing Malodorous Substances Using Oxidizing Agents Suitable for the treatment of medium and low concentration odorous substances High purification rate, but requires oxidant and high treatment cost absorption method Method of Dissolving Malodorous Substances in Odor Gas Using Solvent Suitable for the treatment of high and medium concentration odorous substances It can handle large flow of gas, the process is the most mature, but the purification rate is not high, the absorbent is consumed, and the pollutants are only transferred from the gas phase to the liquid phase Adsorption Method for Adsorbing Odorous Substances Using Adsorbent Suitable for the treatment of malodorous gas with low concentration, low humidity and low dust content The purification rate is very high, and it can deal with multi-component malodorous gases, but the cost of adsorbent is expensive Neutralization and deodorization Method for reducing sensory intensity of malodors using neutralizing agent Applicable to places that need to immediately and temporarily eliminate the influence of low-concentration malodorous gases It can eliminate the influence of odor as soon as possible, and has great flexibility, but the odor component has not been removed, and the neutralizer is consumed biological deodorization Method for degrading malodorous substances by using microorganisms Suitable for the treatment of biodegradable water-soluble malodorous substances High deodorization rate, simple deodorization device, low treatment cost, easy operation and maintenance, can avoid secondary pollution, but cannot recycle pollutants

Biological deodorization has advantages both in economy and in the safety of secondary metabolites, and is currently the most widely used method in odor purification abroad.

There are two major types of process forms for biological deodorization: biological filtration and biological scrubbing. Biological filtration can be divided into biological filter and biological trickling filter bed (tower). The difference between the two is that the biological metabolic environment (moisture, biological nutrients) of the former is basically self-sustaining of the filler; the latter maintains the metabolic environment by regular liquid spraying on the filler layer. In recent years, some patents related to biofiltration have been disclosed. For example, CN1116093C provides an acidic and neutral two-step deodorization method. Sulfur-based and nitrogen-based malodorous gases are first biologically metabolized in an acidic reactor to remove hydrogen sulfide. Ammonia and amines are removed by chemical absorption (neutralization reaction); then it enters a neutral reactor for biological metabolism to remove organic sulfides. CN141015A discloses a compound biological treatment waste gas equipment consisting of a suspension bioreactor (lower end) and a fixed bioreactor (upper end). The microorganisms in the suspension type reactor are mainly bacteria, while the fixed type bioreactor The microorganisms in the device are mainly fungi, which can effectively remove hydrophilic and hydrophobic pollutants in the exhaust gas at the same time. At present, equipment such as biological trickling filter towers are still in the development stage at home and abroad. Some equipment is complex and inconvenient to operate, some need to replace the packing, and some have the problem of plugging of the packing layer during the actual operation of the equipment. The CN2420057Y utility model discloses a biological deodorization device for filling towers with intermittent water spraying. Although it is improved compared with other similar devices, it is not perfect enough. There is no backwash system in the tower. When the aging biofilm cannot fall off in time, it will lead to the blockage of the packing layer and the increase of pressure loss, which will affect the deodorization effect of the biological trickling filter tower. In severe cases, it may cause water accumulation in the packing, so that the packing is in an anaerobic state, and then lead to the death of microorganisms. , causing the device to malfunction.

Summary of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to develop a multi-purpose biological trickling filter tower deodorization device, which has the characteristics of reasonable structure, high utilization rate of biological carrier, convenient maintenance, easy management, high efficiency of biological deodorization and sewage treatment. The present invention includes two sections of tower body 1, exhaust pipe 2, liquid distributor 3, air intake device 4, drain pipe 5, backwash pump 6, backwash inflatable pipe 15, No. 1 valve 31, gas distributor 11, spray Shower system 21, liquid pipe 22, ventilation pipe 24; the butt ends of the two tower bodies 1 are respectively provided with connecting flanges 7, the tower body 1 is fixed with a biological carrier 8, and the upper end of the upper tower body 1 is provided with an exhaust The pipe 2 and the lower end of the lower tower body 1 are respectively connected with a drain pipe 5 and a backwash pump 6, and the upper end of each tower body 1 is connected with a liquid distributor 3, and the liquid distributor 3 and the spray system 21 are connected with a The liquid pipe 22 and the gas distributor 11 are fixed on the lower side of the lower tower body 1. A vent pipe 24 is connected between the gas distributor 11 and the air intake device 4, and one end of the backwashing gas pipe 15 is fixed on the vent pipe 24. , No. 1 valve 31 is provided on the backwashing inflation pipe 15 . The advantages of the present invention are: 1. After the tower body 1 is divided into processing units, it is very convenient and easy to manage in the process of handling and repairing. In addition, it can change the height of the tower body 1 according to the needs of tests or projects. Depending on the operation of the trickling filter, the liquid distributors installed in each treatment unit can be used individually or simultaneously. 2. The biological carrier in the tower is layered, that is, the biological carrier 8 in each processing unit is divided into one to six layers. The gap between each layer facilitates the redistribution of exhaust gas in the filler layer, increasing the chance of contact between exhaust gas and filler. 3. After the backwashing system is installed in the biological trickling filter tower, backwashing can be carried out regularly at regular intervals to make the aging biofilm fall off in time and ensure the activity of the biofilm. 4. The treatment process of the present invention only consumes power costs and a small amount of nutrient solution costs for making the malodorous substances contact microorganisms, and its investment and operation costs are lower than those of other existing treatment equipment. Therefore, it has the advantages of low investment, simple device, good economy, convenient maintenance and management, and is not easy to produce secondary pollution. In terms of equipment investment, it is lower than 1/2 of the activated carbon adsorption method, and in terms of operating costs, it is lower than 1/3 of the activated carbon adsorption method and lower than 1/6 of the chemical adsorption method. 5. The biological trickling filter tower equipment used in the present invention Integrating the functions of odor treatment and sewage treatment into one, saving equipment investment and reducing floor space.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Specific embodiment one: (see Fig. 1) this embodiment consists of two sections of tower body 1, exhaust pipe 2, liquid distributor 3, air intake device 4, drain pipe 5, backwash pump 6, backwash inflatable pipe 15, No. 1 valve 31, gas distributor 11, spray system 21, liquid pipe 22, and vent pipe 24; connecting flanges 7 are respectively provided at the butt ends of the two tower bodies 1, and biological carriers 8 are fixed inside the tower body 1 , the upper end of the upper tower body 1 is provided with an exhaust pipe 2, the lower end of the lower tower body 1 is respectively provided with a drain pipe 5 and a backwash pump 6, and the upper end of each tower body 1 is provided with a liquid distributor 3, and the liquid A liquid pipe 22 is connected between the distributor 3 and the spray system 21, the gas distributor 11 is fixed on the lower side of the lower tower body 1, and a vent pipe 24 is connected between the gas distributor 11 and the air intake device 4, and the gas distributor 11 is connected to the air inlet device 4. One end of the flushing inflatable pipe 15 is fixed on the vent pipe 24, and the backwash inflatable pipe 15 is provided with a No. 1 valve 31. Air intake device 4 is made up of air pump 9, buffer tank 23, gas preprocessor 10, No. 2 valve 32, the outlet of air pump 9 is fixedly connected with the inlet of buffer tank 23, the outlet of buffer tank 23 is connected with the inlet of gas preprocessor 10 Fixed connection, the outlet end of the gas preprocessor 10 is fixed with a No. 2 valve 32 , and the No. 2 valve 32 is fixedly connected with one end of the ventilation pipe 24 . Sprinkler system 21 is made up of high-level water tank 12, regulating water tank 13, water pump 14, No. 4 valve 34, and No. 5 valve 35; No. 5 valve 35 is connected between high-level water tank 12 and regulating water tank 13. The inlet is connected with a water pipe 27, and the water pipe 27 is provided with a No. 4 valve 34, and the outlet of the water pump 14 is fixedly connected with one end of the water pipe 22.

Specific embodiment two: (see Fig. 1) the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that it increases gas flow meter 20 and No. 3 valve 33, and gas flow meter 20 and No. 3 valve 33 are connected in series on the On the trachea 24. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific embodiment three: (see Fig. 1) the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that the outside of the tower body 1 between every two layers of biological carriers 8 is fixed with a water outlet pipe 25, and the water outlet pipe 25 is connected with a water outlet Valve 26. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific embodiment four: (see Fig. 1) the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that it has increased the sewage collection adjustment pool 18, connecting pipe 17, sewage pretreatment pool 19, No. 6 valve 36, No. 7 No. 6 valve 36 is connected between the valve 37, the sewage pretreatment pool 19 and the water pipe 27, and a connecting pipe 17 is arranged between the sewage collection regulating pool 18 and the sewage pretreatment pool 19, and No. 7 valve 37 is connected on the connecting pipe 17. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment. This can solve the trouble of using the elevated water tank 12 and regulating water tank 13 for sewage treatment and spraying.

Specific embodiment five: (see Fig. 1) the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that it has increased spraying automatic controller 16 again, and spraying automatic controller 16 is connected in series with the water pipe 22 of water pump 14 outlets superior. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

The spray liquid in the present invention can use the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment plant, and also can use the artificially prepared nutrient solution. When the spray liquid passes through the biological carrier 8 in the filling layer, a layer of water film is formed outside the organism. The gas entering the tower dissolves in the water film first, and then is absorbed and degraded by the microorganisms on the filler. The purified gas passes through The tower top exhaust pipe 2 is discharged into the atmosphere. After the spray water passes through the biological carrier 8, it is discharged from the drain pipe 5 at the bottom of the tower. The spray liquid has three purposes: one is to maintain the moisture content on the surface of the filler and improve the absorption rate of odor; the other is to provide conditions for the survival and proliferation of microorganisms; the third is to remove the metabolites of microorganisms and the aging biofilm excluded to maintain the normal operation of the system. Selecting reasonable spraying conditions mainly considers the following three points: reduce the amount of spraying to reduce the pressure loss of the trickling filter tower; increase the amount of spraying to improve the absorption rate of odor; maintain an appropriate amount of spraying to provide good growth conditions for microorganisms, such as Temperature, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements and moisture, etc. The spray volume and spray frequency are controlled by the solenoid valve in the spray automatic control device. When dealing with low-concentration waste gas, the biological trickling filter tower does not need backwashing, but when dealing with high-concentration odor for a long time, the packing may be blocked. The present invention uses the backwashing pump 6 at the bottom of the tower to introduce water into the trickling filter tower. From bottom to top, at the same time use the backwashing gas pipe 15 to inflate the filler in the tower to wash away the aging biofilm on the biological carrier 8, and the water after backwashing is discharged from the exhaust pipe 2 at the top of the tower and the drain pipes of each biological carrier layer. 25 discharge. Due to the intermittent spraying operation, the frequency of backwashing is not much. The odor components treated by the present invention can be sulfur-containing compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl sulfide, or nitrogen-containing compounds such as ammonia and trimethylamine, or organic acids, organic esters, organic alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. , halogenated hydrocarbons and other volatile organic compounds. It is advisable that both the inlet air temperature and the inlet water temperature in the tower body 1 are in the range of 10°C to 50°C. Using the biological trickling filter tower of the present invention, a continuous deodorization test was carried out for nearly half a year on the mixed odor containing sulfur, ammonia and organic matter produced by a sewage treatment plant of a certain pharmaceutical factory. Due to the low concentration of ammonia on site, about 91 mg/m ³ of ammonia was added. The sulfur-containing mixed odor is sucked into the buffer tank 23 by the air pump 9, and then enters the biotrickling filter tower from the gas distributor 11 at the bottom through the gas flow meter 20. After being filtered by the biological carrier layer, it is discharged from the exhaust pipe 2 at the top of the tower. The liquid in the high-level water tank 12 flows to the regulating water tank by gravity, and the water pump 14 passes through the liquid distributor 3 installed above each tower body to regularly spray the water from the secondary sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment plant to the packing layer. The optimal spraying rate is It is 3.56L/(L·d), and the treatment effect is shown in Table 2. When the gas flow rate is 9m ³ /h, and the hydrogen sulfide inlet concentration is less than 1700mg/m ³ , the removal effect of the biological trickling filter on hydrogen sulfide and ammonia reaches 100%. The removal rate of other organic waste gases is also high. When the on-site hydrogen sulfide concentration fluctuates and exceeds 1700mg/ ^m3 , only 6mg/ ^m3 of hydrogen sulfide is detected in the exhaust pipe at the top of the tower, so the maximum volumetric load of hydrogen sulfide is Nv≤204g/( ^m3 · h).

Table 2 Treatment effect of mixed odor containing sulfur, ammonia and organic matter in a sewage treatment plant

Element Intake average concentration (mg/m ³ ) Removal rate (%) Original high-concentration pump room odor components Acetone ethyl acetate butyl acetate butanol phenylacetic acid hydrogen sulfide ammonium  141109109300147920085415 859110096100100100 Additional gas composition Ammonia methane 91270 10032

The effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank containing a small amount of nutrients such as N and P is used as spray water. The packed tower has strong load impact resistance, low impedance in the tower, no clogging phenomenon, no backwashing for half a year, and long-term stability run.

A certain process in a pharmaceutical factory workshop produces high-concentration refractory organic wastewater, which is difficult to treat directly into the sewage treatment plant. The average daily water production of this technological process is about 8 tons. The sewage collection adjustment tank 18 and the sewage pretreatment tank 19 are used in parallel with two biological trickling filter towers. When the water volume is the largest, the two trickling filter towers work simultaneously. hours, only one is running. When the concentration is 100-400 mg/liter, the hydraulic retention time is 0.5 hours; when the concentration is 400-800 mg/liter, the hydraulic retention time is 1 hour; when the concentration is 800-1200 mg/liter, the hydraulic retention time The time is 1.5-2.5 hours; when the concentration is 1200-1600 mg/liter, the hydraulic retention time is 2.5-3 hours; when the concentration is 1600-2000 mg/liter, the hydraulic retention time is 3-4 hours. After treatment, the chemical oxygen demand CODcr in the effluent is reduced by 80-95%, the removal rate of NH ₃ -N of ammonia nitrogen reaches 65-85%, the removal rate of BOD reaches 90-98%, and the removal rate of SS can reach more than 85%. The BOD value is 15-60 mg/liter, which can fully meet the national standard.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of bio-trickling filter deodorization device of using more, it comprises two joint tower bodies (1), vapor pipe (2), liquid distributor (3), diffuser (4), water shoot (5), backwashing pump (6), back flushing gas-filled valve (15), a valve (31), gas distributor (11), sprinkling system (21), fluid-through tube (22), ventpipe (24); The abutting end of two joint tower bodies (1) is respectively equipped with joint flange (7), tower body (1) internal fixing has filler (8), the upper end of last joint tower body (1) is provided with vapor pipe (2), the lower end of saving tower body (1) down is connected with water shoot (5) and backwashing pump (6) respectively, be provided with liquid distributor (3) in the upper end of every joint tower body (1), be connected with fluid-through tube (22) between liquid distributor (3) and the sprinkling system (21), gas distributor (11) is fixed on down the inner downside of joint tower body (1), be connected with ventpipe (24) between gas distributor (11) and the diffuser (4), one end of back flushing gas-filled valve (15) is fixed on the ventpipe (24), back flushing gas-filled valve (15) is provided with a valve (31), diffuser (4) is by air pump (9), surge tank (23), gas pretreater (10), No. two valves (32) are formed, the outlet of air pump (9) is fixedlyed connected with the inlet of surge tank (23), the outlet of surge tank (23) is fixedlyed connected with the inlet of gas pretreater (10), the exit end of gas pretreater (10) is fixed with No. two valves (32), No. two valves (32) are fixedlyed connected with an end of ventpipe (24), and sprinkling system (21) is by elevated tank (12), regulating tank (13), water pump (14), No. four valves (34), No. five valves (35) are formed; Be connected with No. five valves (35) between elevated tank (12) and the regulating tank (13), regulating tank (13) is connected with water pipe (27) with the inlet of water pump (14), water pipe (27) is provided with No. four valves (34), the outlet of water pump (14) is fixedlyed connected with an end of water service pipe (22), it is characterized in that it also comprises sewage collecting equalizing tank (18), pipe connecting (17), sewage pretreatment pool (19), No. six valves (36), No. seven valves (37), be connected with No. six valves (36) between sewage pretreatment pool (19) and the water pipe (27), be provided with pipe connecting (17) between sewage collecting equalizing tank (18) and the sewage pretreatment pool (19), be connected with No. seven valves (37) on the pipe connecting (17).

2, according to claim 1 a kind ofly use the bio-trickling filter deodorization device more, it is characterized in that it has increased gas meter (20) and No. three valves (33), gas meter (20) and No. three valves (33) are serially connected on the ventpipe (24).

3, according to claim 1 a kind ofly use the bio-trickling filter deodorization device more, it is characterized in that the external stability of the tower body (1) between every two-layer bio-carrier (8) has rising pipe (25), be connected with flowing water Valve (26) on the rising pipe (25).

4, according to claim 1ly a kind ofly many use the bio-trickling filter deodorization device, it is characterized in that it has increased spray two-position controller (16) again, spray two-position controller (16) is serially connected on the water service pipe (22) that water pump (14) exports.

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