CN1324796C - One by one period switch control used on low ready machine power - Google Patents
One by one period switch control used on low ready machine power Download PDFInfo
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- CN1324796C CN1324796C CNB021254788A CN02125478A CN1324796C CN 1324796 C CN1324796 C CN 1324796C CN B021254788 A CNB021254788 A CN B021254788A CN 02125478 A CN02125478 A CN 02125478A CN 1324796 C CN1324796 C CN 1324796C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a one by one period switch control used in low ready machine power, which is suitable for a control method of a switch type power supply converter. The control method has the advantages of low power loss and low input power in the condition of a stand-by state or a light load, and the control method is suitable for modern electronic devices of reducing environmental influence. In the condition of the stand-by state or the light load state, most of the power loss of the switch type power supply is switching loss. The switching loss is in direct proportion with the switching frequency of the switching devices, so the power loss in the stand-by state can be correspondingly decreased when operating frequency is reduced. However, if the switching frequency is low, the compensation of a feedback loop is difficult, and the dynamic response performance of a system is poor. The present invention adopts a simple and effective method to control the blocking time and the conducting time in a switch period, so the power loss of a switching converter is reduced in the stand-by state, and the dynamic characteristics of the system is not obviously reduced. On the basis of the control method, the present invention provides an executive plan with low cost and can control conducting time characteristics according to input voltage in the condition of not increasing extra components.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control of cycle switch one by one that is used for low standby power, refer to that especially a kind of power loss of switch converters when holding state that make reduces, and the dynamic response characteristic of system does not have the control method of obvious variation.
Background technology
One, BUBP control model
Traditionally, the control of BUBP pattern is usually used in efficient is required harsh occasion, it can save power by the work of the circuit that intermittently stops transformation: at first output voltage is driven to the maximum level of a permission, at this moment translation circuit quits work, when output voltage was reduced to the minimum level of a certain permission, translation circuit restarted work.But the control of BURP pattern has following defective:
1. because allow output voltage to change between the upper limit and lower limit, the adjusting function of all voltages is relatively poor relatively.
2.BURP whether pattern control is the height by the monitoring output voltage decides translation circuit to stop or operating; because output voltage thoroughly filtering; the current potential of output voltage changes very slow; so the response speed based on the converter of this variation can not be fast, slow stopping/operating response speed means long stopping/operation period.Macrocyclic stopping/operating conversion will produce low-frequency disturbance.This is harmful to some audio communication or communication applications occasion.
Two, Gu Ding ON time control model
The ON time of floatless switch circuit, will adjust deadline along with the variation of load, and when being in holding state, will prolong deadline so, thereby switching frequency also will reduce along with the prolongation of deadline., along with the change of load, circuit need bear a quite wide switching frequency excursion.If we allow the switch frequency move too lowly at holding state, the compensation of feedback loop will be very difficult so.The dynamic responding speed of system is also very low, if we allow switch frequency operation De Taigao on the other hand, so at full load, switching loss will become greatly, and wanting to seek a compromise proposal at these two between extremely is not to achieve one's goal.Therefore, the application of this scheme is also quite limited.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that can be used for the control of cycle switch one by one of low standby power, this control method can make the power loss of switch converters when holding state reduce, and the dynamic characteristic of system does not have obvious variation, guarantees to have low input power.Under the normal load condition, operating frequency will increase with the requirement that cooperates switching energy to increase, and also avoid the generation of harmful low-frequency noise simultaneously.
Another object of the present invention provides the method that can carry out dynamic ON time control according to load condition, and this method will make switching frequency be in easy control state all the time, avoid causing wide frequency range because of load variations.
Another purpose of the present invention provides the method that can carry out dynamic ON time control according to input voltage, can keep stable speeding and return (Flyback) switching energy and stable switching frequency when input voltage changes.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design: a kind of control method of switch-mode power converter, it is used in the ripple voltage that the output filter capacitor two ends exist in the switch periods, modulate the time response of its single follow-up switch periods, to change the duty ratio of these switch periods, in order to stablize the output parameter of this supply convertor.Described output parameter is an output voltage.
A kind of control method that is used for the switch-mode power converter of noncontinuity inductor current pattern, it utilizes the variation of the Dead Time in the switch periods to adjust the time response of circuit regularly, thereby modulate the ON time of its single subsequent cycle, cause the ON time of this follow-up switch periods to shorten with the growth of this dead band time;
Wherein said Dead Time is meant from inductance energy and is exhausted inductance energy by a period of time replenishing subsequently.
Because the present invention has adopted above design, so have following characteristic:
1. have a consume of low switching frequency, low-power.
2. can carry out dynamic ON time control according to load condition, will make switching frequency be in easy control state all the time, avoid causing wide frequency range because of load variations.
3. can carry out dynamic ON time control according to input voltage, when input voltage changes, also can keep stable speeding and return transformation energy and stable switching frequency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention
The explanation of some figure numbers among the figure:
VIN+: DC input voitage anode
VIN-: DC input voitage negative terminal
VAUX+: with respect to the auxiliary direct current positive pressure end of VIN-
VOUT+: VD anode
VOUT-: VD negative terminal
VREF: with respect to the DC reference voltage anode of VIN-
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is used for the control of the cycle switch one by one of low standby power, and its circuit arrangement is mainly connected to form by transformer T1 (T1a, T1b, T1c), control assembly Q1, transistor Q5, Q7, Q8, optocoupler assembly OC1, diode D6, rectifying tube D3, resistance R 9, R10, B22, R23, R27 and capacitor C 1, C3, C4, assemblies such as C7, C10.
The explanation of control method:
● will import power supply and be added between input VIN+ and the VIN-.
● after the input power supply adds, between VAUX+ and VIN-, will produce boost voltage.This control circuit is produced accessory power supply different ways, because of the present invention does not require protection to this, so will not illustrate at this.
● capacitor C 4, C10 are through resistance R 5 and the charging of transformer T1c winding, and diode D6 can avoid bypass capacitor C 10 electric currents to give low resistance resistance R 9.
● when capacitor C 4, C10 are charged to suitable voltage, control assembly Q1 conducting begins an activation sequence.Activation sequence (Start-up Sequence)
● after the Q1 conducting, input voltage is added on the transformer T1a winding, at this moment responds to a positive voltage on the T1c winding simultaneously.
● the positive voltage of responding on the T1c winding is coupled to the gate (gate) of Q1 through C4, R9 and D6, and C10 is a speed-up capacitor, makes that the voltage front end that is coupled to the Q1 gate is precipitous.
● the positive voltage of induction is coupled to the gate of Q1, makes Q1 keep conducting.
● the induction positive voltage of T1c winding gives capacitor C 7 chargings through resistance R 10 simultaneously.
● when the voltage at C7 two ends rose to certain level, transistor (transistor) Q7 conducting was clamped down on (clamp) to the gate voltage of Q1 to low level.
● Q1 ends, and the energy that is stored in the transformer is speeding to return the cycle, discharges by T1b and T1c winding.
● when transformer T1b winding released energy secondary circuit, energy was stored on the output capacitance C3 through rectifying tube D3, the voltage on the C3 thereby be established gradually.
● the voltage of T1c winding induction is by C4, C10, makes Q1 remain off state, and before transformer T1 energy stored did not exhaust fully, Q1 can conducting.
● the depleted of energy in being stored in transformer T1, speeding to return voltage falls after rise, at this moment the gate voltage of Q1 rises once more, it may just arrive threshold (threshold) voltage of Q1 conducting immediately, also may be to wait for a period of time, just reach the threshold voltage of Q1 conducting for capacitor C 4, C10 charging by resistance R 5.
● Q1 is conducting once more, and from then on activation sequence constantly repeats, and output voltage also thereby little by little is established.Work sequence (Operating sequence)
● when output voltage was promoted near nominal level, work sequence began, and at this moment, transistor Q5 is in the lightly conducting state, and optocoupler assembly 0C1 also is in the lightly conducting state, the critical potential that transistor Q8 is in conducting or ends.
● next round speed to return in the cycle, C3 voltage is thus lifted to load voltage value, the Q5 conducting, also conducting of 0C1 and Q8, to low level, therefore, no matter whether the transformer storage power exhaust, Q1 is also with the remain off state by the Q8 clamper for the gate voltage of Q1.
● as long as VOUT is greater than specified electricity, Q1 all keeps cut-off state, fully discharge by load up to C3, and till VOUT is reduced under the nominal level.
● at this moment, Q5 ends, so 0C1 and Q8 also end, the Q1 gate voltage allows to rise once more.
● when C4, C10 make that via the R5 charging gate voltage of Q1 rises to a certain current potential, the turn-on cycle of a new round thereby beginning.
● when the Q1 conducting, input voltage is provided to the T1a winding, and positive feedback voltage produces via the T1c winding.
● the positive feedback voltage that the T1c winding produces is coupled to the gate of Q1 via C4, R9, D6, and C10 is a speed-up capacitor.
● Q1 keeps conducting after obtaining T1c winding positive feedback voltage.
● the positive feedback voltage of T1c winding gives capacitor C 7 chargings via R10 simultaneously.
● when the C7 both end voltage reaches a certain current potential, transistor Q7 begins conducting, and the Q1 gate voltage is clamped at low level.
● Q1 ends, and the magnetic energy that is stored on the transformer passes through T1b, T1c winding consumed energy in the cycle of returning of speeding.This work sequence thereby constantly repetition.
The control method of the deadline that changes according to output loading
Note, during the work sequence during speeding to return after, Q1 is conducting in real time, though at this moment since be stored in magnetic energy among the T1 by full consumption after, as long as VOUT still is in the level that is higher than rated output voltage, Q1 still is in cut-off state.This extra deadline, (after this being Dead Time (dead time)) changed according to the condition of actual loading, load is light more, Dead Time is long more, the switching frequency of converter is low more, thereby under holding state, because this low switching frequency makes the power loss of converter reduce widely.
The control method of the ON time that changes according to output loading
During speeding to return the cycle, from T1c speed return energy through R10 to the C7 reverse charging, and in the moment of next conducting, the forward voltage of the last induction of T1c is given the C7 positive charge, so the C7 both end voltage changes in whole switch periods.Note when the voltage at C7 two ends by positive charge when being enough to make the Q7 conducting, the ON time termination of Q1.
Under heavy duty, Dead Time is short, and Q1 conducting moment, the C7 both end voltage is for negative, and C7 voltage just is charged to by negative, spend the more time, Q1 thereby later ending, the time of conducting thereby prolongation.
During underload, Dead Time is long, the load voltage that is kept on the C7 has been consumed in whole Dead Time major part, when the Q1 conducting, negative voltage on the C7 only remains a little, therefore is charged to positive voltage by this point point negative voltage, and the time spent is shorter, Q1 thereby early end, ON time shortens.Therefore, the control method of this ON time can reduce the degree that switching frequency changes with load.
Bells and whistles
ON time control according to input voltage
Assembly R10, C7, Q7 are that Q1 forms a dynamic ON time control circuit, ON time depends on input voltage (because input voltage is coupled to the T1c winding), when input voltage is high more, voltage in Q1 conduction period T1c coupling is also high more, just short more the C7 voltage charging to the time that makes the Q7 conducting, the Q7 conducting is with regard to more early, and Q1 is by also just more early, and the ON time of Q1 is just short more.In contrast, when input voltage is low more, the ON time of Q1 is long more, when this method helps remaining on the input voltage variation, the peak electricity of T1 of flowing through fails to be convened for lack of a quorum and keeps relative stability, therefore be stored into energy in the transformer and switching frequency in each cycle period when input voltage changes, also can be well regulated.
The above only is the specific embodiment of the best of the present invention, but feature of the present invention is not limited thereto, and what those skilled in the art did is any based on the equivalent transformation on the technical solution of the present invention, all belongs within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of control method of switch-mode power converter, it is characterized in that: it is used in the ripple voltage that the output filter capacitor two ends exist in the switch periods, modulate the time response of its single follow-up switch periods, to change the duty ratio of this switch periods, in order to stablize the output parameter of this supply convertor.
2, the control method of switch-mode power converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described output parameter is an output voltage.
3, the control method of switch-mode power converter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
Start a switch conduction, make this ripple voltage a transformer storage power;
The winding of this transformer is responded to a positive voltage, and this positive voltage system keeps this switch conduction, and ends through this switch of control after one period time of delay;
After this switch ended, this transformer released energy to a level circuit, made this secondary circuit export this output voltage, and this transformer winding is responded to a negative voltage and ended to keep this switch; And
After this transformer energy exhausted, this switch was according to the size of this secondary circuit load and conducting.
4, a kind of control method that is used for the switch-mode power converter of noncontinuity inductor current pattern, it is characterized in that: it utilizes the variation of the Dead Time in the switch periods to adjust the time response of circuit regularly, thereby modulate the ON time of its single subsequent cycle, cause the ON time of this follow-up switch periods to shorten with the growth of this dead band time; Wherein said Dead Time is meant from inductance energy to be exhausted inductance energy by a period of time replenishing subsequently.
5, the control method of switch-mode power converter according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
Start a switch conduction, make ripple voltage a transformer storage power;
The winding of this transformer is responded to a positive voltage, and this positive voltage system keeps this switch conduction, and ends through this switch of control after one period time of delay;
After this switch ended, this transformer released energy to a level circuit, made this secondary circuit export this output voltage, and this transformer winding responds to a negative voltage and end to keep this switch, and another voltage is to a regularly timing capacitor charging of circuit; And
After this transformer energy exhausted, this switch was according to the size of this secondary circuit load and conducting, and this timing capacitor stops discharge at this moment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021254788A CN1324796C (en) | 2002-08-12 | 2002-08-12 | One by one period switch control used on low ready machine power |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021254788A CN1324796C (en) | 2002-08-12 | 2002-08-12 | One by one period switch control used on low ready machine power |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1476156A CN1476156A (en) | 2004-02-18 |
| CN1324796C true CN1324796C (en) | 2007-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB021254788A Expired - Fee Related CN1324796C (en) | 2002-08-12 | 2002-08-12 | One by one period switch control used on low ready machine power |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7453709B2 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2008-11-18 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Method and apparatus for increasing the power capability of a power supply |
| CN101997412B (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2013-06-26 | 通嘉科技股份有限公司 | Control Method |
| CN102130582B (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2013-08-14 | 广东美的电器股份有限公司 | Frequency-reducing and consumption-reducing control method of power conversion device |
| TWI434275B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2014-04-11 | Au Optronics Corp | Display and dc/dc converter control method |
| KR101415720B1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-04 | 코칩 주식회사 | Standby power reduction device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000078844A (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Stabilized power supply |
| CN1310511A (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-29 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Switch power supply equipment |
| JP2002142455A (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-17 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | DC / DC converter |
-
2002
- 2002-08-12 CN CNB021254788A patent/CN1324796C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000078844A (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Stabilized power supply |
| CN1310511A (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-29 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Switch power supply equipment |
| JP2002142455A (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-17 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | DC / DC converter |
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| CN1476156A (en) | 2004-02-18 |
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Granted publication date: 20070704 Termination date: 20110812 |