CN1320231C - a cavity component - Google Patents

Abstract

A cavity component comprises cavity formworks (1) and a bottom plate (2), wherein the cavity formworks (1) and the bottom plate (2) are connected into a whole, at least 2 cavity formworks (1) are arranged on the bottom plate (2) at intervals, the opposite side surfaces of the adjacent cavity formworks (1) on the bottom plate (2) and the bottom plate (2) form at least one cast-in-situ structure secondary rib die cavity (3), other non-opposite outer side surfaces (4) of the cavity formworks (1) form a cast-in-situ structure main rib or a beam or a side template of a wall, and the cavity component is characterized in that at least one side of the contact part of the cavity formworks (1) and the bottom plate (2) is provided with an inward-contracting groove. Thus, after the cavity member is applied to the hollow floor slab, the cast-in-situ concrete rib forms an inverted T-shaped rib, the cross section of which is changed from rectangular to inverted T-shaped, thereby greatly improving the mechanical property of the floor slab, reducing the section size of the cast-in-situ concrete rib, reducing the using amount of reinforcing steel bars and concrete, reducing the cost of the floor slab and being suitable for various cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow floor slabs, roofs, foundation slabs, walls or open web bridges.

Description

a cavity component

(1) Technical field

The present invention relates to a cavity member.

(2) Background technology

At present, most buildings with brick-concrete structure and reinforced concrete structure use prefabricated hollow slabs as floor slabs, which have the advantages of fast construction speed and low cost. However, because there is no firm connection between two adjacent prefabricated hollow slabs, only cement mortar is used to fill the joints, so the integrity is poor, which is not conducive to earthquake resistance, and cracks and water seepage often occur in the gaps. In order to solve the above problems, many buildings adopt the method of cast-in-place concrete floor slabs (solid and hollow). Although the problems of earthquake resistance and cracking have been solved, a large number of templates are used during construction, which not only increases the cost, but also slows down the construction speed and prolongs the construction period. deadline. Application No. 00203695.9 is a utility model patent for "a combined concrete rib floor slab". It is composed of prefabricated thin plates, formwork shells, hidden ribs, and upper plates. The prefabricated thin plates are placed at intervals, and the formwork is fixed on the prefabricated thin plates. , There are hidden ribs between adjacent prefabricated thin plates or formwork shells, and the upper plate covers the formwork shells and is connected with the hidden ribs as a whole. Although this kind of floor slab can save a lot of formwork and speed up the construction process, because the formwork is separated from the prefabricated thin plate, its strength and rigidity are relatively poor, so there is a problem that the formwork is easy to break. At the same time, the formwork is fixed on the prefabricated sheet. There is no specific fixing method involved on the thin plate, so it is difficult to fix on site. The patent No. 93206310.1 is a utility model patent for formwork components. It consists of a side wall and a formwork upper plate to form a cavity formwork and then connects with the lower base plate to form a fully enclosed cavity polyhedron structure. There are prefabricated reinforcing ribs in it. The components are placed on the supports between the floors, and the cast-in-place main ribs and formwork components are bonded to each other to form a whole. When this kind of component is used, it is purely a prefabricated filling component, and the reinforcing ribs in the formwork are only used to support the formwork, and cannot participate in the overall stress of the floor. And when it is applied to a large space structure floor, its mechanical performance will be correspondingly worse, and there is no secondary rib connection between the cast-in-place main ribs, so the size of the main ribs needs to be increased accordingly, or the number of main ribs increases , resulting in an increase in material consumption and cost. For this reason, the applicant applied for a publication number of CN1349028A on November 15, 2001, and the name is called "A Composite Rib Cavity Member for a Space Structure Floor". The cavity member disclosed by it includes formwork and structure The bottom plate, the cavity formwork and the structural bottom plate are connected as a whole. It is characterized in that there are at least two cavity formworks arranged alternately on the structural bottom plate, and its side and the structural bottom plate form at least one cast-in-place structural secondary rib cavity. The cavity formwork The other outer side of the cast-in-place structure constitutes the main rib or beam or side formwork of the wall. In this way, on the basis of the prior art, there are at least two cavity formwork shells and at least one cast-in-place structural secondary rib cavity on the structural base plate, when the cavity components are applied to the floor structure, the structural base plate can The secondary ribs of the cast-in-place concrete structure are formed, which jointly participate in the stress of the structural bottom, main ribs, and upper slabs, forming a two-way main rib and secondary rib stress structure, which not only solves the problems existing in the prior art, but also further improves the floor. The overall performance and seismic performance are improved, the thickness of the floor is reduced, the weight of the structure is reduced, and the cost is reduced. However, after this kind of cavity member is applied to the hollow floor, since the formed cast-in-place concrete ribs are all rectangular ribs, its mechanical performance is not very reasonable. It is often necessary to increase the cross-sectional size of the ribs and increase the amount of steel bars and concrete. Increase the cost of the floor, therefore, it is urgent to develop a new cavity component.

(3) Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cavity component, which has the characteristics of improving the mechanical properties of the floor, reducing the cross-sectional size of cast-in-place concrete ribs, reducing the amount of steel bars and concrete, and reducing the cost of the floor after being applied to the hollow floor. The cavity component also has the characteristics of high strength, not easy to break, convenient construction, and low cost.

The solution of the present invention is based on the prior art, including a cavity formwork and a base plate, the cavity formwork and the base plate are connected as a whole, and at least two cavity formworks are arranged alternately on the base plate, and the The opposite side of the adjacent cavity formwork and the bottom plate form at least one cast-in-place structural secondary rib cavity, and the other non-opposite outer sides of the cavity formwork form the side formwork of the main rib or beam or wall of the cast-in-place structure. It is characterized in that at least one side of the contact portion between the cavity formwork and the bottom plate is a retracted groove. In this way, since the contact part between the cavity formwork and the bottom plate is set as a retracted groove, after the cavity component is applied to the hollow floor, the cast-in-place concrete rib forms an inverted T-shaped rib, and its cross-sectional shape changes from a rectangle to a T-shaped rib. Inverted T shape, so the mechanical properties of the floor are greatly improved, the cross-sectional size of the cast-in-place concrete rib can be reduced, the amount of steel and concrete used can be reduced, the cost of the floor can be reduced, and the problems existing in the prior art are better solved, thereby achieving The purpose of the present invention, while the cavity member also has the characteristics of high strength, not easy to break, convenient construction, low cost, etc., it is suitable for hollow floors, roofs, foundation floors, walls and so on of various cast-in-place reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete. It can be used for body or vierendeel bridges, especially for hollow girderless floors.

The present invention is also characterized in that the contact parts between the cavity formwork and the bottom plate are all indented grooves. In this way, when the cavity component is applied to the cast-in-place concrete floor, the concrete is poured into the indented groove, and the cast-in-place concrete ribs all form inverted T-shaped ribs, which improves the mechanical properties of the cast-in-place concrete structure. The cavity formwork is completely embedded, which greatly reduces the probability of cracking of the cast-in-place concrete structure.

The present invention is also characterized in that the groove is an arc groove. In this way, when the cavity component is applied to the cast-in-place concrete floor, the cast-in-place concrete can be poured smoothly along the arc-shaped groove, which solves the phenomenon that the pouring of the cast-in-place concrete structure is not dense, and it is easy to form empty drums and air bubbles. Stress concentration is also eliminated.

The present invention is also characterized in that at least one brace member is provided in the secondary rib cavity of the adjacent cavity formworks to connect the adjacent cavity formworks to each other. In this way, since the braces are arranged in the secondary rib mold cavities of the adjacent cavity mold shells, the adjacent mold shells are connected to each other, and the cavity mold shells in the cavity members are pulled by each other through the brace pieces, so the cavity The strength and rigidity of the components are greater, the impact resistance is better, the bottom plate is less likely to break, and the handling and construction are more convenient.

The present invention is also characterized in that the said brace is at least one of rods, cables, piers, tubes, small tube sheets or sheets. In this way, the diversification of the materials and structures of the braces can meet different design requirements of products, and can be connected in the most reasonable way according to different needs.

The present invention is also characterized in that the stretching member is a breakable member with a breakable structure. In this way, after the cavity member is installed, the support member can be broken off very conveniently and simply, so as to facilitate the laying and construction of the steel bar and speed up the construction.

The present invention is also characterized in that the said stretching member is a movable part or a detachable part. In this way, the movable or detachable support parts can be disassembled and recovered after the cavity component is installed, which can not only complete the function of preventing the bottom plate from breaking or cracking, but also can be recycled for secondary use, saving the production cost of the cavity component.

The invention is also characterized in that said stretcher is a withdrawable filling. In this way, when the cavity component is applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, after installation, the support piece can be pulled out quickly, which improves the construction speed, and the support piece can be recycled for secondary use, greatly reducing the production cost of the cavity component .

The present invention is also characterized in that at least one prestressed steel bar or steel strand is arranged in the bottom plate. In this way, the cavity member with prestressed steel bars or steel strands arranged in the bottom plate has high strength, can produce large elastic deformation without damage when impacted, has better overall performance, and its bottom plate is less likely to break or crack.

The present invention is also characterized in that at least one of grooves, pits, chamfers, inner corners, holes, reinforcing ribs, bumps or outer arc corners is provided on other parts of the cavity formwork. In this way, when the cavity component is applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, the concrete poured into the grooves, pits, chamfers, inner corners, and holes forms a local cast-in-place concrete reinforcement structure, thereby making the structure more reasonable. The unstressed parts of the cast-in-place concrete are evacuated through the bumps, and the prefabricated parts are reinforced on the weak stressed parts by the protruding strips and sun arc angles, so that the mechanical performance of the concrete structure using the cavity components is better.

The present invention is also characterized in that when there are more than two secondary rib mold cavities of the cast-in-place structure, they are parallel to each other or orthogonal or oblique or form a grid. In this way, when the cavity member is applied to a cast-in-place concrete structure, it can form cast-in-place concrete secondary ribs parallel to each other, orthogonally or obliquely, or form a grid pattern, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the cast-in-place concrete structure.

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate is provided with reinforcing ribs. In this way, the arrangement of reinforcing ribs on the bottom plate can greatly increase its flexural strength and rigidity, and reduce the loss rate of cavity components during transportation, stacking or construction.

The present invention is also characterized in that at least one of the bottom plate or the cavity formwork contains a reinforcement, and the reinforcement is steel bar, steel wire, steel mesh, steel wire mesh, fiber, fiber mesh or cloth, non-woven fabric, metal sheet At least one of strips, braided tapes or packing tapes. In this way, the strength of the bottom plate and the cavity formwork provided with the reinforcement is greatly improved, and at the same time, the diversity of reinforcement materials facilitates the selection of reinforcement materials during production and reduces production costs.

The present invention is also characterized in that the plate thickness of the bottom plate is greater than the wall thickness of the cavity formwork. In this way, the thickness of the bottom plate is greater than the wall thickness of the cavity formwork, which can greatly improve the flexural strength and rigidity of the bottom plate, making it difficult to break or damage.

The invention is also characterized in that reinforcements protrude from said floor or cavity formwork or both. In this way, when the cavity component is applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, the protruding reinforcement greatly improves the gripping force of the bottom plate or the cavity component in the concrete, which can effectively prevent the joint surface from cracking.

The present invention is also characterized in that the surface of the cavity formwork is wavy or zigzag or brushed or other irregular rough surface. In this way, when applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, the contact area between the cavity mold shell and the cast-in-place concrete is increased, so that it has better gripping performance, and the problem of cracking of the joint surface between prefabrication and cast-in-place is completely solved.

The present invention is also characterized in that the cavity formwork is an inverted frustum-shaped cavity formwork. In this way, when the cavity formwork is applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, it can form a positive cone-shaped cast-in-place concrete structure, thereby meeting the force requirements.

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate is flush with the outer surface of the cavity formwork or protrudes to form a pick-up plate, and the protruding part is part or all. In this way, when the cavity formwork is applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, the protruding slabs can replace the engineering formwork, which saves construction costs and speeds up the construction. Concentrate stress to prevent cracks at the interface between prefabrication and cast-in-place.

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate is a bottom plate with holes. In this way, the weight of the bottom plate of the cavity member is greatly reduced, the amount of materials used is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the layout of various pipelines can be facilitated at the same time.

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate is provided with a downward tensioning positioning structure for connecting the construction formwork. The positioning structure can be a pull ring, pull hook, iron wire or other devices. In this way, when the cavity formwork is applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, the cavity formwork is effectively prevented from floating up through the fixing effect of the positioning structure, ensuring that the internal structure of the cast-in-place concrete structure meets the design requirements.

The present invention is also characterized in that part or all of the cavity of the cavity formwork is filled or pasted with lightweight materials. The lightweight material is at least one of foamed plastics, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, foamed or aerated lightweight concrete, rock wool, mineral wool, glass wool, ceramsite or ceramsite concrete. In this way, the impact resistance of the cavity formwork is greatly improved, the breakage rate is reduced, and at the same time, it has better sound insulation, heat insulation, and fire resistance. The diversity of lightweight materials can facilitate the selection of materials and reduce production costs.

The present invention is also characterized in that the outer contour shape of the combination of the bottom plate and the cavity formwork is a cube, a cuboid, a cylinder, a hexagon or a polygon with arc angles. In this way, the diversity of the outer contour shapes after the combination of the cavity formwork can meet different design requirements and facilitate construction and application.

The present invention is also characterized in that the overall dimensions of the cavity member gradually change from small to large; the plate thickness of the bottom plate of the corresponding cavity member or the cavity width of the secondary rib cavity of the cast-in-place structure is relatively larger at one end than the other end, From big to small to the other end, gradually transition to the other end. In this way, when the cavity formwork is applied to the cast-in-place concrete structure, according to the different design requirements of the cast-in-place concrete structure, the above-mentioned cavity formwork can be used to locally strengthen the cast-in-place concrete structure to meet the design requirements.

The present invention is also characterized in that the cavity formwork is connected to the bottom plate by glue connection, welding connection, screw connection, ferrule connection or one-time integral molding connection. In this way, the cavity formwork and the bottom plate can be connected into one body in various ways, which reduces production difficulty and improves production efficiency.

The present invention is also characterized in that there are positioning objects on the bottom plate for connecting and positioning with the cavity formwork. In this way, the setting of the positioning object can make the cavity formwork and the bottom plate accurately positioned and docked, improve the product quality of the cavity component, and facilitate the fast butt joint of the cavity formwork.

The present invention is also characterized in that the positioning objects are protruding positioning blocks, positioning strips, positioning frames, positioning grooves, positioning rings or positioning posts. In this way, the diversification of the positioning objects can meet the positioning requirements of different cavity formworks.

The present invention is also characterized in that the cavity formwork is a cavity formwork that is flanged outward or flanged inward. In this way, the outer flanging or inner flanging can be set according to the different requirements of the application of the cavity formwork in the cast-in-place concrete structure, so that the application is more convenient and simple.

The present invention is also characterized in that the base plate is a base plate made of reinforced concrete, reinforced mesh concrete, steel wire mesh concrete, self-stressed reinforced concrete, polymer reinforced concrete or steel mesh mortar, and the cementing material of the cavity formwork is cement, Cement mortar, polymer cement, alkali slag cement, alkali fly ash cement, sulphoaluminate cement, iron-aluminate cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, high alumina cement, organic resin glue or the above combination, cavity formwork, The base plates are made of the same material or different materials. In this way, the diversity of materials for making the cavity formwork and the bottom plate can facilitate its production and obtain nearby materials, thereby reducing production costs.

(4) Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the cavity formwork, 2 is the bottom plate, 3 is the cavity of the secondary rib of the cast-in-place structure, 4 is the outer surface, and 5 is the shrinkage groove. In the drawings, those with the same number have the same description. As shown in Figure 1, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 are in contact with each other. The position has retraction groove 5.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 jointly constitute the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the cavity formwork 1 The contact parts with the bottom plate 2 are all indented grooves 5 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. In the secondary rib cavity 3 A plurality of braces 6 are provided to connect the cavity formworks 1 to each other as a whole.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The supporting member 6 is provided with a plurality of easy-to-break parts.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. In the secondary rib cavity 3 A plurality of supporting parts 6 are provided, and the supporting parts 6 are extractable fillers, such as small wooden blocks, ceramsite concrete blocks and the like.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3, and the bottom plate 2 is provided with Multiple prestressed steel bars 7.

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 Grooves 5, pits 8, chamfers 9 and inner corners 10 are simultaneously arranged on the top.

Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The inner corner 10 and the hole 11 are arranged at the same time.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 9 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 Reinforcing ribs 12, bumps 13, and male arc angles 14 are simultaneously arranged on the top.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 10 of the present invention. A plurality of cavity mold shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2 to form two mutually orthogonal inner rib mold cavities 3 .

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 11 of the present invention. A plurality of cavity mold shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2 to form a plurality of inner rib mold cavities 3 parallel to each other.

Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 12 of the present invention. Two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3, and the bottom plate 2 is provided with Rib 12.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 13 of the present invention. Two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2. Reinforcements 15 are sandwiched in the walls of the shell 1 , and the reinforcements 15 are thin metal strips and steel bars as shown in the figure, and the thickness of the bottom plate 2 is greater than the wall thickness of the cavity formwork 1 .

Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 14 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The surface is wavy.

Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 15 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 It is an inverted frustum-shaped cavity formwork.

Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 16 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 jointly form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3. The bottom plate 2 and the cavity One outer surface 4 of the formwork 1 is flush, and the other side partially protrudes from the outer surface 4 to form a part of the pick plate 16 .

Figure 17 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 17 of the present invention. Two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The bottom plate 2 is provided with a plurality of holes 11 .

Figure 18 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 18 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3, and the bottom plate 2 is provided with A plurality of downwardly tensioned positioning structures 17 connected to the construction formwork, the illustrated positioning structures 17 are pull rings and pull hooks.

Figure 19 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 19 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure sub-rib cavity 3. The cavity formed by the combination The external dimensions of the components gradually change from small to large, and the changing direction of the bottom plate 2 is opposite to that of the cavity formwork 1 .

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 20 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2. The two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The connection mode with the bottom plate 2 is integrally formed by cementing connection.

Figure 21 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 21 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The joint with the bottom plate 2 is set as an outer flange 20 .

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 22 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2. The two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3. The cavity formwork 1 The joint with the bottom plate 2 is set as an inner flange 21 .

(5) Specific implementation methods

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the present invention includes a cavity formwork 1 and a bottom plate 2. The cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 are connected as a whole, and at least two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2. The opposite side of the adjacent cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 form at least one secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the other non-opposite outer sides 4 of the cavity formwork 1 form the main rib or beam of the cast-in-place structure. The side formwork of the wall is characterized in that at least one side of the contact portion between the cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 is an indented groove 5 . Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the cavity formwork, 2 is the bottom plate, 3 is the cavity of the secondary rib of the cast-in-place structure, 4 is the outer surface, and 5 is the shrinkage groove. In the drawings, those with the same number have the same description. As shown in Figure 1, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 are in contact with each other. The position has retraction groove 5.

The present invention is also characterized in that the contact parts between the cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 are all indented grooves 5 . Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 jointly constitute the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the cavity formwork 1 The contact parts with the bottom plate 2 are all indented grooves 5 .

The present invention is also characterized in that the groove 5 is an arc groove. As shown in Figure 2, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and its groove 5 is an arc-shaped groove.

The present invention is also characterized in that at least one brace 6 is provided in the secondary rib cavity 3 of the adjacent cavity formwork 1 to connect adjacent hollow formworks 1 to each other. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. In the secondary rib cavity 3 A plurality of braces 6 are provided to connect the cavity formworks 1 to each other as a whole.

The present invention is also characterized in that the brace 6 is at least one of a bar, a cable, a pier, a tube, a small tube sheet or a sheet. As shown in Figure 3, two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the supporting members 6 are hollow rods.

The present invention is also characterized in that the above-mentioned stretching member 6 is a breakable member of a breakable structure. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The supporting member 6 is provided with a plurality of easy-to-break parts.

The present invention is also characterized in that the brace 6 is a movable part or a detachable part. As shown in Figure 4, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, in which there are multiple braces Part 6, and its supporting part 6 is a movable detachable part.

The present invention is also characterized in that said stretching member 6 is a withdrawable filler. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. In the secondary rib cavity 3 A plurality of supporting parts 6 are provided, and the supporting parts 6 are extractable fillers, such as small wooden blocks, ceramsite concrete blocks and the like.

The present invention is also characterized in that at least one prestressed steel bar or steel strand 7 is arranged in the bottom plate 2 . Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3, and the bottom plate 2 is provided with Multiple prestressed steel bars 7.

The present invention is also characterized in that grooves 5, pits 8, chamfers 9, inner corners 10, holes 11, ribs 12, bumps 13 or outer arc corners are provided on other parts of the cavity formwork 1. At least one of 14. Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 Grooves 5, pits 8, chamfers 9 and inner corners 10 are simultaneously arranged on the top. Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The inner corner 10 and the hole 11 are arranged at the same time. Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 9 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 Reinforcing ribs 12, bumps 13, and male arc angles 14 are simultaneously arranged on the top.

The present invention is also characterized in that when there are more than two secondary rib mold cavities 3 of the cast-in-place structure, they are parallel to each other or orthogonal or oblique or form a grid. FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 10 of the present invention. A plurality of cavity mold shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2 to form two mutually orthogonal inner rib mold cavities 3 . FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 11 of the present invention. A plurality of cavity mold shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2 to form a plurality of inner rib mold cavities 3 parallel to each other.

The present invention is also characterized by the above cavity component, wherein the bottom plate 2 is provided with reinforcing ribs 12 . Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 12 of the present invention. Two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3, and the bottom plate 2 is provided with Rib 12.

The present invention is also characterized in that at least one of the bottom plate 2 or the cavity formwork 1 contains a reinforcement 15, and the reinforcement 15 is steel bar, steel wire, steel mesh, steel wire mesh, fiber, fiber mesh or cloth, non-woven At least one of cloth, thin metal strip, braided tape or packing tape. Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 13 of the present invention. Two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2. Reinforcements 15 are clamped in the walls of the shell 1, and the reinforcements 15 shown in the figure are thin metal strips and steel bars.

The present invention is also characterized in that the thickness of the bottom plate 2 is greater than the wall thickness of the cavity formwork 1 . As shown in FIG. 13 , the thickness of the bottom plate 2 is greater than the wall thickness of the cavity formwork 1 .

The present invention is also characterized in that reinforcements 15 protrude from the bottom plate 2 or cavity formwork 1 or both. As shown in Fig. 13, thin metal strip reinforcements 15 protrude from the bottom plate 2 and the cavity formwork 1 at the same time.

The present invention is also characterized in that the surface of the cavity formwork 1 is wavy or zigzag or brushed or other irregular rough surface. Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 14 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The surface is wavy.

The present invention is also characterized in that the cavity formwork 1 is an inverted frustum-shaped cavity formwork. Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 15 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 It is an inverted frustum-shaped cavity formwork.

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate 2 is flush with the outer surface 4 of the cavity formwork 1 or protrudes to form a pick plate 16, and the protruding part is part or all. Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 16 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 jointly form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3. The bottom plate 2 and the cavity One outer surface 4 of the formwork 1 is flush, and the other side partially protrudes from the outer surface 4 to form a part of the pick plate 16 .

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate 2 is a bottom plate with holes 11 . Figure 17 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 17 of the present invention. Two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The bottom plate 2 is provided with a plurality of holes 11 .

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate 2 is provided with a downwardly tensioned positioning structure 17 connected to the construction template, and the positioning structure 17 can be a pull ring, pull hook, iron wire or other devices. Figure 18 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 18 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3, and the bottom plate 2 is provided with A plurality of downwardly tensioned positioning structures 17 connected to the construction formwork, the illustrated positioning structures 17 are pull rings and pull hooks.

The present invention is also characterized in that part or all of the cavity of the cavity formwork 1 is filled or pasted with lightweight material 18 . The lightweight material 18 is at least one of foamed plastics, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, foamed or aerated lightweight concrete, rock wool, mineral wool, glass wool, ceramsite or ceramsite concrete. As shown in Figure 18, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together constitute the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the cavity of the cavity formwork 1 is completely filled. There is a lightweight material 18, the illustrated lightweight material 18 being expanded perlite.

The present invention is also characterized in that the outer contour shape of the combination of the bottom plate 2 and the cavity formwork 1 is a cube, a cuboid, a cylinder, a hexagon or a polygon with arc angles. As shown in Figure 18, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and the combination of the bottom plate 2 and the cavity formwork 1 The outer contour shape is cuboid.

The present invention is also characterized in that the overall dimensions of the cavity member gradually change from small to large; the plate thickness of the bottom plate 2 of the corresponding cavity member or the cavity width of the secondary rib cavity of the cast-in-place structure is relatively larger at one end than the other end , from large to small at the other end, gradually transitioning to the other end. Figure 19 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 19 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure sub-rib cavity 3. The cavity formed by the combination The external dimensions of the components gradually change from small to large, and the changing direction of the bottom plate 2 is opposite to that of the cavity formwork 1 .

The present invention is also characterized in that the cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 are connected by glue connection, welding connection, screw connection, ferrule connection or one-time integral molding connection. Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 20 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2. The two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The connection mode with the bottom plate 2 is integrally formed by cementing connection.

The present invention is also characterized in that the bottom plate 2 has a positioning object 19 for connecting and positioning with the cavity formwork 1 . As shown in Figure 20, two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. Connect the positioned anchors 19 .

The present invention is also characterized in that said positioning object 19 is a protruding positioning block, positioning bar, positioning frame, positioning groove, positioning ring or positioning column. As shown in Figure 20, two cavity formwork shells 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together constitute the secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure, and its positioner 19 is a protruding positioning block.

The present invention is also characterized in that the cavity formwork 1 is a cavity formwork 1 with outward flanging 20 or inward flanging 21 . Figure 21 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 21 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2, and the two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a secondary rib cavity 3 of the cast-in-place structure. The cavity formwork 1 The joint with the bottom plate 2 is set as an outer flange 20 . Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 22 of the present invention. Two cavity formworks 1 are arranged alternately on the bottom plate 2. The two opposite sides and the bottom plate 2 together form a cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity 3. The cavity formwork 1 The joint with the bottom plate 2 is set as an inner flange 21 .

The present invention is also characterized in that the base plate 2 is a base plate made of reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete, steel mesh concrete, self-stressed reinforced concrete, polymer reinforced concrete or steel mesh mortar, and the cementing material of the cavity formwork 1 is Cement, cement mortar, polymer cement, alkali slag cement, alkali fly ash cement, sulphoaluminate cement, iron-aluminate cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, high alumina cement, organic resin glue or the above combination, cavity mold Shell 1 and bottom plate 2 are made of the same material or different materials.

During the implementation of the present invention, the cavity formwork 1 with the inner angle at the opening can be made with cement fiberglass mesh earlier, and one end of the glass fiber mesh is exposed outside the cavity formwork 1, and then the bottom plate 2 is made with cement and steel wire mesh , when it is not condensed and hardened, fasten the prefabricated cavity formwork 1 with exposed fiber nets on it, and press the exposed fiber nets on the cavity formwork 1 into the bottom plate 2 to bond them into a whole , after it is solidified and hardened, it is maintained to a specified age, and the cavity member in which the contact part between the cavity formwork 1 and the bottom plate 2 is a shrinkage groove 5 is obtained.

Claims (28)

1. A cavity component, including a cavity formwork (1) and a bottom plate (2), the cavity formwork (1) and the bottom plate (2) are connected as a whole, and there are at least two cavities on the bottom plate (2) The mold shells (1) are arranged alternately, and the opposite sides of the adjacent cavity mold shells (1) on the bottom plate (2) and the bottom plate (2) form at least one cast-in-place structure secondary rib cavity (3), and the cavity mold The other non-opposite outer sides (4) of the shell (1) constitute the side forms of the main ribs or beams or walls of the cast-in-place structure, which is characterized in that at least one side of the contact part between the cavity formwork (1) and the bottom plate (2) is Indented groove (5). 2. A cavity component according to claim 1, characterized in that all contact parts between the cavity formwork (1) and the bottom plate (2) are indented grooves (5). 3. A cavity member according to claim 1, characterized in that said groove (5) is an arc-shaped groove. 4. A cavity component according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one brace (6) is provided in the secondary rib cavity (3) of the adjacent cavity formwork (1), Adjacent cavity forms (1) are connected to each other. 5. A cavity component according to claim 4, characterized in that the said brace (6) is at least one of a rod, a cable, a pier, a tube, a small tube sheet or a sheet. 6. A cavity component according to claim 4, characterized in that said tension member (6) is a breakable member of breakable structure. 7. A cavity component according to claim 4, characterized in that the said stretching member (6) is a movable member or a detachable member. 8. A cavity component according to claim 4, characterized in that said tension member (6) is a withdrawable filler. 9. A cavity component according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one prestressed steel bar or steel strand (7) is arranged in the bottom plate (2). 10. A cavity component according to claim 1, characterized in that other parts of the cavity formwork (1) are provided with grooves (5), pits (8), chamfers (9 ), internal angle (10), hole (11), rib (12), bump (13) or at least one of external arc angle (14). 11. A cavity component according to claim 1, characterized in that when there are more than two secondary rib cavity (3) of the cast-in-place structure, they are parallel to each other or orthogonal or oblique or form a network grid. 12. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that reinforcing ribs (12) are provided on the bottom plate (2). 13. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one of the bottom plate (2) or the cavity formwork (1) contains reinforcements (15 ), the reinforcement (15) is at least one of steel bar, steel wire, steel mesh, steel wire mesh, fiber, fiber mesh or cloth, non-woven fabric, thin metal strip, braided tape or packing tape. 14. A cavity component according to claim 13, characterized in that the thickness of the bottom plate (2) is greater than the wall thickness of the cavity formwork (1). 15. A cavity component according to claim 13, characterized in that reinforcements (15) protrude from the bottom plate (2) or the cavity formwork (1) or both. 16. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the surface of the cavity formwork (1) is wavy or zigzag or napped or other irregular roughness surface. 17. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the cavity formwork (1) is an inverted frustum-shaped cavity formwork. 18. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the bottom plate (2) is flush with or protrudes from the outer surface (4) of the cavity formwork (1) to form a protruding Plate (16), the protruding part is part or all. 19. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the bottom plate (2) is a bottom plate with holes (11). 20. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the bottom plate (2) is provided with a downwardly tensioned positioning structure (17) connected to the construction formwork. 21. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that part or all of the cavity of the cavity formwork (1) is filled or pasted with lightweight materials ( 18). 22. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the outer contour shape of the combination of the bottom plate (2) and the cavity formwork (1) is a cube, Cuboid, cylinder, hexagon or arc-angled polygon. 23. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the overall dimensions of the cavity component gradually change from small to large; the bottom plate (2) of the corresponding cavity component The plate thickness or the cavity width of the secondary rib cavity of the cast-in-place structure is relatively larger at one end than the other end, and changes from large to small at the other end, and gradually transitions to the other end. 24. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the cavity formwork (1) is connected to the bottom plate (2) in the form of bonding, welding, Screw connection, ferrule connection or integral molding connection. 25. A cavity component according to claim 24, characterized in that there are positioning objects (19) on the bottom plate (2) for connecting and positioning with the cavity formwork (1). 26. A cavity component according to claim 25, characterized in that said positioning object (19) is a protruding positioning block, positioning bar, positioning frame, positioning groove, positioning ring or positioning column. 27. A cavity component according to claim 24, characterized in that the cavity formwork (1) is a cavity formwork (1) with outward flanging (20) or inward flanging (21). 28. A cavity component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the bottom plate (2) is reinforced concrete, reinforced mesh concrete, steel wire mesh concrete, self-stressed reinforced concrete, aggregated The bottom plate made of reinforced concrete or wire mesh mortar, the cementing material of the cavity formwork (1) is cement, cement mortar, polymer cement, alkali slag cement, alkali fly ash cement, sulphoaluminate cement, iron aluminum Salt cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, high alumina cement, organic resin glue or the above combination, the cavity formwork (1) and the bottom plate (2) are made of the same material or different materials.

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